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松树钻孔法采脂技术研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以我国最主要的采脂树种马尾松、湿地松进行钻孔法采脂试验,探索了不同钻孔工艺和受脂方法对产脂量的影响以及钻孔法采脂对松树生长的影响.试验结果表明,马尾松钻孔用溶脂剂处理对延长其流脂时间和提高产脂量无明显效果;湿地松采用钻孔法采脂,产脂量除受树径大小影响外,还与孔径大小、钻孔方法、受脂方法等钻孔工艺条件有关,其影响程度孔径大小＞钻孔方法＞受脂方法;就单株采脂树的年产脂量而言,湿地松钻孔法采脂比常法采脂低,但钻孔法采脂可间隔20～30 d钻一次孔,对提高采脂劳动生产率有一定作用;钻孔法采脂对松树生长的影响比常法采脂小得多,有利于松树在采脂期间的生长. 相似文献
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福建省松树采脂管理初探 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
松脂原料价格波动受国际市场影响大,为保障松树资源可持续利用,应建立和完善松脂产业可持续发展的政策法规和管理制度.一是将松林采脂列入森林经营方案编制范畴,间伐木采脂纳入间伐管理范畴,其他生态公益林采脂分类制定限制措施和加强管理.二是借鉴《江西省松脂采集技术规程》设定强制性条款,加强采脂管理和查处非法采脂.三是推广应用巴西小眼采脂法,禁止滥用化学法强度采脂.四是制定“林脂一体化”森林经营措施,贯彻落实到造林、营林、采脂、采伐的生产过程.五是支持大型骨干松脂龙头企业应用林业贴息贷款、林权抵押贷款等. 相似文献
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一般思茅松产脂量的采割测定要在种植10a以后进行,但项目5a内鉴定验收,特设置此种植3a就采割测定其产脂量的小试验.试验结果表明未到采脂年龄的思茅松存在产脂高低的差异,可以在幼林时判定产脂量优劣. 相似文献
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松香、松节油是我国林产化学工业重要产品,是重要的化工、轻工原料,它广泛用于制皂、造纸等40多个行业、600多个工业品种中,也是我国大宗出口物资之一.江苏省松香生产处于空白,全省每年需要量近2万吨,全靠调拨,缺口较大.为开发江苏林区的松林采脂,发展林化工业,句容县于1988年5月下旬至9月下旬,首次采脂提炼松香、松节油获得了成功;并在全县普查了可供采脂的马尾松、湿地松资源,从而为句容开发松林采脂,提供了依据.现将情况整理如下:1 材料和方法以林业部颁发的《松脂采集规程》为依据,并聘请福建省长汀县采脂老农进行技术传授.采脂地点为句容林场的芦塘工区,树种为14年生的湿地松,26～30年生的马尾松.胸径均为18厘米以上.本次共采脂树633株,分别采取常规采脂与强采脂方法.并对采脂树进行标号、分别记载:树种、树龄、胸径、采脂法、割刀数、收脂日期、收脂量及天气 相似文献
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马尾松(Pinus massoniana Lamb.)采脂林的经济收益一直倍受关注.该研究在广东信宜、河源和郁南3地建立了马尾松采脂试验林,分8个年度测定试验林的存活率、生长量及产脂力,并估算采脂林的经济收益.发现经济收益先逐年提高后缓慢下降,15a采脂林经济收益可达9583.5 元/hm2·a,经济收益与存活率和产脂... 相似文献
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油松松脂采脂技术简介 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
在油松松脂采割试验的基础上，总结出了采脂林分及采脂树个体选择、割面方向选择、采脂起始高度、刮面配置、采脂工艺、采脂间隔期、采脂期确定等技术要点，符合油松采脂林木特性，适宜油松采脂作业，技术可行。 相似文献
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水分胁迫下刺槐不同无性系生理生化反应的研究 总被引：26，自引：0，他引：26
Water stress can cause all kinds of physiological and biochemical responses on forest tree, which are indicated by changes of many physiological and biochemical indexes. Under the different drought extent of soil, the seedlings of Rob-inia pseudoacacia clones were tested. Testing indexes included water content, the ratio of bound water content and free wa-ter content ( Vα/Vs), free proline, soluble sugar, soluble protein ect. The results showed that water content decreased with the increase of soil drought, the rest indexes increased in different extent. The range of variance differed among clones. It was difficult to evaluate exactly the drought resistance of different clones depending on only physiological and biochemical index. 相似文献
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Containerized Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb.] Franco) seedlings were subjected to six moisture-stress treatments (ranging from 7 to 65% soil water content by volume) for 12 weeks. At the end of this period, there were significant differences in phenological, physiological, and morphological responses among the seedlings in the various moisture-stress treatments. In general, seedlings grown under very high or very low soil moisture conditions were adversely affected, while those grown under moderate conditions (29 to 53% soil water content) exhibited optimum growth, bud development, and nutrient and starch reserves. The use of vector analysis was found to be helpful in data interpretation. The results indicate the importance of closely monitoring nursery moisture regimes in order to achieve the best seedling quality. 相似文献
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Acidic deposition can leach essential pools of calcium (Ca) directly from plant foliage. Because of the central role of Ca in environmental signal transduction, disruptions of labile foliar Ca pools could impair physiological responses to a variety of environmental stimuli and stressors. We investigated the possibility that acidic mist-induced depletion of membrane-associated Ca (mCa), which is one form of labile Ca, may alter stomatal responsiveness to water stress, a process known to include Ca in signal transduction cascades. Red spruce (Picea rubens Sarg.) seedlings were exposed to either pH 3.0 or pH 5.0 mist treatments for one growing season. Foliar nutrition was assessed following treatments, and declines in stomatal conductance and net photosynthesis were measured on current-year shoots following stem excision. Seedlings exposed to pH 3.0 acidic mist treatments had reduced mCa relative to the pH 5.0 treated seedlings. Seedlings subjected to the pH 3.0 acidic mist treatment exhibited impaired stomatal functions, including a smaller maximum aperture, slower closure and an increased lag time between stomatal closure and photosynthetic decline following experimental water stress. Delayed stomatal closure could undermine desiccation avoidance mechanisms. Previous work has demonstrated that acidic mist treatments deplete mCa in red spruce and impair cold tolerance, with similar effects in other species. The results we present provide further evidence that acidic mist-induced mCa depletion may cause disruption of a broad range of plant stress responses. 相似文献
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在温室条件下,用不同质量百分数的盐溶液(0.05%、0.10%、0.30%、0.50%、0.80%、1.00%)浇灌1 a生四翅滨藜扦插容器苗,测定苗木的有关生理指标和苗高,同时测定土壤含盐量,研究其抗盐性.结果表明,不同盐协处理的四翅滨藜苗木的水分生理指标、光合作用生理指标以及叶绿素含量与质膜透性等均未受到明显影响,苗木生长正常,即使在土壤含盐量高达1.48%的状况下,苗木生长也未受到影响.四翅滨藜具有极强的抗盐能力,建议在吉林省西部地区有计划地扩大四翅滨藜的引种栽培. 相似文献
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施肥对盆栽杉木苗土壤养分含量的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
研究施肥对1年生(1 a)与2年生(2 a)杉木苗盆栽土壤养分含量的影响.结果表明:在氮、磷营养亏缺的酸性黄红壤上,随着氮肥施用量的增加,1 a苗木盆栽土壤pH值、全钾含量下降,全氮、水解氮、水溶性钙镁含量增加,全磷、有效磷、速效钾变化不明显.由于局部尿素浓度过大直接导致幼苗受伤,影响了成活率.而2 a苗木的土壤则是全氮、水解氮、水溶性钙镁含量呈上升趋势,全钾、速效钾含量和pH值下降,有机质和全磷含量变化不明显.有效磷含量与pH值呈明显负相关,表明pH值下降导致闭蓄态磷活化,促进了2 a苗木的生长.在氮、磷营养亏缺条件下,施磷量的增加使得1 a苗木土壤全磷、有效磷、速效钾含量、pH值增加,全钾、水溶性钙镁含量则下降,有机质、水解氮没有明显变化.养分含量与生长指标的相关分析表明:施用磷肥解除了1 a苗木磷素营养亏缺,显著促进了苗木生长;而对2 a苗木,施磷肥使土壤中的全磷、有效磷增加,全钾含量下降,pH值、有机质、全氮、速效钾、水溶性钙镁没有明显变化.对养分含量与生长指标的相关分析表明:施磷肥对2 a苗木生长没有促进作用,而且使土壤营养平衡进一步失调,苗木仍处于营养亏缺状态.在氮素营养充足、磷素亏缺的营养条件下,随着氮磷复合肥施肥量的增加,2 a苗木中的全氮、全磷、水解氮、有效磷增加,速效钾含量下降.施用氮磷复合肥可促进苗木对速效钾的吸收利用,导致苗木的光合产物向叶和茎部转移. 相似文献
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Pritam Singh 《Forest Pathology》1983,13(2):92-101
Seedlings growing on soil with nutrient deficiency and a lower pH were smaller and less vigorous than the seedlings growing on non-deficient soil with a comparatively higher pH. A higher percentage of roots and seedlings were infected and more seedlings died on soil with nutrient deficiency and a lower pH than on non-deficient soil with a higher pH. Non-vigorous seedlings also contacted infection earlier and showed more mycelial growth than the vigorous seedlings. Roots of vigorous seedlings showed more resinosis and callus formation, indicating resistance during the establishment of the fungus on the host. Alterations in the level of nutrients in vigorous and non-vigorous infected seedlings were generally similar. 相似文献