首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 234 毫秒
1.
选取体重（24.71 kg±2.07 kg）相近的4月龄哈萨克土种公羔羊20只,在伊犁昭苏马场特克斯河北岸天然草场进行了放牧,研究暖季放牧条件下羔羊血清生化指标与体重变化的关系。结果表明,4～8月龄羔羊月平均日增重依次为（175±34） g、（92±36） g、（158±46） g、（81±36） g,4～5月龄和6～7月龄平均日增重显著高于5～6月龄和7～8月龄（P＜0.05）。血清生化指标中碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、谷草转氨酶（GOT）各月龄含量差异不显著（P＞0.05）;5、7月龄总蛋白（TP）含量高于4、8月龄,并显著高于6月龄（P＜0.05）;4、5月龄白蛋白（ALB）含量显著高于6、7、8月龄（P＜0.05）;5、7月龄球蛋白（GLB）含量分别高于4、6、8月龄,7月龄显著高于6月龄（P＜0.05）;4、6月龄白/球（A/G）高于5、8月龄,显著高于7月龄（P＜0.05）;尿素氮（BUN）含量4、5、7、8月龄间差异不显著（P＞0.05）,但显著高于6月龄（P＜0.05）;5、7月龄GLU含量显著高于6、8月龄（P＜0.05）;总胆固醇（TC）、谷丙转氨酶（GPT）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL- C）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）含量在4～8月龄逐渐升高（HDL-C5月龄略有下降）,TC、GPT含量相邻月龄间差异不显著（P＞0.05）,LDL-C、HDL- C含量7、8月龄显著高于4、5、6月龄（P＜0.05）;甘油三酯（TG）含量在整个试验期总体呈下降趋势,相邻月龄间仅7月龄含量显著高于8月龄（P＜0.05）;游离脂肪酸（FFA）含量8月龄显著高于其余各月龄（P＜0.05）,6月龄高于4月龄,并显著高于5、7月龄（P＜0.01）。  相似文献   

2.
试验于2008年5月15日—9月28日选用55只4月龄哈萨克公羔羊在新疆伊犁哈萨克自治州昭苏马场特克斯河北岸天然草场放牧,进行体重及体尺测定,其中20只羊进行消化试验。结果表明,整个试验期,放牧羔羊的生长发育随牧草和季节变化呈现出波动性,出现2个生长高峰(5月龄和7月龄)。体重总体呈上升趋势。7、8月龄间羔羊平均体重有显著差异（P<0.05）,其余各月龄间差异极显著（P<0.01）。试验期各月龄羔羊平均日增重依次为（187.8±55.7） g、（100.1±44.7） g、（174.6±45.2） g和（82.1±36.0） g。放牧羔羊各项体尺指标相对增长幅度5月龄高于6月龄、7月龄高于8月龄;放牧羔羊体尺累积增长幅度从大到小排列为胸围、体长、体高、胸深、胸宽、管围。放牧羔羊DM、OM、CP消化率5月龄均极显著高于4月龄（P<0.01）。DM消化率5~7月龄在下降,5、7月龄间差异极显著（P<0.01）;OM消化率6月龄和7月龄基本持平,8月龄时达到最大值,但5~8月龄羔羊各月龄间差异不显著;CP消化率5~8月龄在持续下降,7、8月龄间差异不显著,其余各月龄间差异极显著（P<0.01）。  相似文献   

3.
对舍饲云南黑山羊新品系155只,用饱和盐水漂浮法、沉淀法作虫卵计数检查,探索两年三产频密产羔体系中,舍饲山羊消化道主要寄生蠕虫的感染动态。结果表明:4月龄羔羊感染的优势虫种为毛圆线虫、肺线虫、血矛线虫、奥斯特线虫4种;到8月龄时,虫种感染增加钩虫和结节线虫。4月龄羔羊感染率最高是6~7月批次,达到60%;到8月龄时,1~2月批次感染率达到100%。4月龄羔羊感染强度6~7月批次最高,每克粪虫卵数(e.p.g)400±303,其次是1~2月、10月批次;到8月龄时,1~2月批次虫卵最高,每克粪虫卵数355±206。120~240日龄羔羊全期增重1~2月产羔批次最高,驱虫组比未驱虫组试验期总增重、日增重提高70%和72%,经t检验,差异极显著(P<0.01);6~7月、10月两批次8月龄总增重、日增重差异不显著(P>0.05)。1~2月产羔批次只均净增毛重2.8 kg,驱虫与未驱虫只均增加收入42元。因此该场驱虫方案可调整为:1~2月产羔批次的羔羊在4月龄进行首次驱虫,育成羊和成年母羊可在配种前进行驱虫。  相似文献   

4.
小尾寒羊羔羊早期断奶对比试验   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
选择79只30日龄的小尾寒羊羔羊,分为试验A、B、C组和对照组。试验A、B、C组的羔羊分别在不同日龄断奶,然后喂给优质代乳料和优质饲草,对照组全期哺乳并补饲优质饲草。结果表明:30～90日龄平均日增重、90日龄平均体重,A组分别为(224.50±14.53)g、(21.96±2.52)kg,B组分别为(263.17±20.13)g、(24.32±2.41)kg,C组分别为(221.50±17.29)g、(21.85±2.34)kg,对照组分别为(185.83±23.94)g、(19.73±3.27)kg。A、B、C3个试验组30～90日龄平均日增重和90日龄平均体重均显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。  相似文献   

5.
口服福尔马林对羔羊消化代谢与生长的影响   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  
将8只30日龄、体重(6.9±1.0)kg的小尾寒羊×无角陶赛特母羔羊随机分为2组(每组4只),以研究口服福尔马林对羔羊自由采食、消化代谢、屠宰性能和甲醛残留的影响。结果表明,在55～80、95～120和125～150日龄3个日龄段,对照组羔羊的干物质采食量分别为(567.3±27.5)、(752.4±9.01)和(1044.1±30.8)g/(d.头),口服福尔马林组分别增加22.02%(P0.01)、28.75%(P0.01)和41.79%(P0.01);对照组羔羊的氮保留分别为(12.3±0.8)、(13.6±0.2)和(18.0±0.6)g/(d.头),口服福尔马林组分别增加25.20%(P0.01)、41.91%(P0.01)和46.11%(P0.01);对照组羔羊的日增重分别为(157.1±11.7)、(246.4±24.4)和(250.0±8.3)g/(d.头),口服福尔马林组分别增加18.20%(P0.05)、23.21%(P0.05)和27.16%(P0.01);而两组间的日粮消化率无显著差异。240日龄对照组和口服福尔马林组羔羊的胴体重分别为(20.37±1.78)和(24.55±1.14)kg/头(P0.01),屠宰率分别为48.59%±1.08%和50.46%±1.02%(P0.05),瘦肉率分别为65.22%±1.57%和64.84%±1.11%(P0.05)。羔羊血液、肌肉、肾脏、肝脏、瘤胃组织和小肠组织中的甲醛含量对照组分别为(1.84±0.44)mg/L、(0.35±0.26)mg/kg、(1.10±0.67)mg/kg、(0.74±0.34)mg/kg、(0.91±0.72)mg/kg和(0.79±0.41)mg/kg,在试验组分别为(1.47±0.61)mg/L、(0.54±0.34)mg/kg、(1.65±0.71)mg/kg、(0.91±0.38)mg/kg、(2.03±0.71)mg/L和(0.85±0.42)mg/L。因此,口服福尔马林可增加羔羊的自由采食量而不影响消化率,提高羔羊对日粮的消化量和羔羊日增重;以上这种作用随羔羊的日龄增加而增强;口服福尔马林提高羔羊的胴体重、屠宰率,但不影响胴体的瘦肉率;长期口服福尔马林羔羊的组织器官中甲醛的含量低于2.0 mg/kg。  相似文献   

6.
结果表明:沿河山羊在舍饲环境条件下其发情规律、怀孕期均与放牧山羊基本一致。舍饲母羊胎均产羔率为187.88%(62/33),略高于放牧母羊产羔率的184.85%(61/33)。舍饲羔羊断奶成活率为88.71%(55/62),比放牧羔羊断奶成活率的81.97%(50/61)提高8.22%。舍饲山羊发病死亡率为12.50%(3/24),比放牧山羊发病死亡率的19.23%(5/26)低76.54%,舍饲羔羊公母平均初生重为1.71 kg±0.57 kg,2月龄重为8.88 kg±1.64 kg,6月龄重为17.85 kg±2.69kg,9月龄重为27.37 kg±3.32 kg,比放牧羔羊公母同龄的平均体重分别提高1.79%、27.95%、26.78%和26.16%,除羔羊初生重相接近外,其余差异均极显著(P<0.01)。舍饲羔羊各月龄阶段的体高变化不大,体斜长、胸围均有明显提高,增长幅度在10%以上(P<0.05)。  相似文献   

7.
为了研究"放牧+补饲"模式下发酵菜籽粕对贵州黑山羊羔羊生长性能及免疫功能的影响,选用3～4月龄、平均体重14.90 kg的健康贵州黑山羊羔羊12只,按照完全随机区组设计分为3组,每组4只。用发酵菜籽粕等氮替代精料日粮中16%豆粕,比例分别为0(对照组)、50%(试验1组)、100%(试验2组),分别于试验第1、30、60 d测定羔羊的生长性能及免疫指标。结果:(1)试验1组的平均日增重最高为80.21 g/只,与对照组、试验2组差异不显著(P0.05);试验1组料重比最低为3.71,与对照组差异不显著(P0.05),与试验2组差异显著(P0.05)。(2)试验组腹泻率为0,对照组为1.25%。(3)试验1组的Ig G、INF-γ在各检测时间点含量均最高;第60 d时分别为2.72 g/L、996.11 pg/m L,其中INF-γ与试验2组差异显著(P0. 05)。(4)试验1组的GH、IGF-1、T3、T4在各检测时间点含量均最高,第60 d时分别为32. 08μg/L、39. 47μg/L、48.75 ng/m L、683.85 ng/m L,其中IGF-1与对照组、试验2组差异显著(P0.05),T3与试验2组差异显著(P0.05)。结论:在"放牧+补饲"条件下,以发酵菜籽粕等氮替代精料日粮中16%豆粕的比例为50%效果最好,能够提高贵州黑山羊羔羊机体Ig G、INF-γ、GH、IGF-1、T3、T4含量,增强免疫功能,促进生长。  相似文献   

8.
林云琴 《中国动物保健》2023,(7):102-103+105
为了提高福清山羊生产技术水平，研究开食料补饲对哺乳期福清山羊羔羊的补饲相关，选取相同养殖区域内、同一时间经同期发情生产的初生福清山羊羔羊为试验对象，分为开食料补食组（试验组，35只）和未补饲组（对照组，38只）进行饲喂试验至64日龄。统计试验期内的羔羊死亡情况，记录试验组羔羊的每日采食量，每14 d测定试验羔羊的体重并计算各生长阶段的平均日增重，于试验结束后核算期间的经济收益。结果表明：(1)随着补饲时间的增加，福清山羊羔羊对开食料的采食量也逐渐增加，8～21日龄、22～35日龄、36～49日龄、50～63日龄和全期羔羊平均日采食量分别为18.9、53.9、92.5、143.4和77.2 g/d；(2)福清山羊羔羊补饲开食料可提高羔羊成活率，试验组和对照组的羔羊成活率分别为94.3%和78.9%；(3)试验组羔羊的末重和平均日增重均极显著高于对照组（p<0.01），末重分别为6.37和4.62kg，平均日增重分别为79.97和51.79 g/d；(4)经核算，试验组较对照预期新增收益75.85元/只。结论：哺乳期福清山羊羔羊补饲开食料可以促进羔羊的快速生长发育，有益于提高羔羊存活...  相似文献   

9.
试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平诱食剂对7～150日龄荷斯坦犊牛增重、耗料增重比、体尺指标、部分血清激素水平的影响。选取60头体重（33±2）kg、（7±3）日龄的荷斯坦母犊牛,随机分为3组,每组5个重复,每个重复4头牛。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组分别在基础日粮中加入300 mg/kg和500 mg/kg诱食剂（γ-壬内酯、乙基香兰素）,试验预试期7 d,正试期136 d,其中60～67日龄为断奶过渡期。结果表明：试验全期各组犊牛的体重均无显著差异;14～60日龄时,2个试验组犊牛的干物质采食量均高于对照组（P<0.05）;91～150日龄时,300 mg/kg诱食剂组犊牛的干物质采食量低于其他各组（P<0.05）;在断奶过渡期内,500 mg/kg诱食剂组的耗料增重比优于其他各组（P<0.05）;在犊牛断奶前后的60～67、61～90日龄,500 mg/kg诱食剂组犊牛的部分体尺增长率高于其他各组（P<0.05）;试验全期各组平均体尺增长率均无显著差异;试验全期各组的血清胰岛素、生长激素、类胰岛素样生长因子-I、神经肽Y、5-羟色胺、γ-氨基丁酸含量之间均无显著...  相似文献   

10.
通过对沿河山羊进行舍饲养殖试验研究,结果表明:沿河山羊在舍饲环境条件下其发情规律、怀孕期均与放牧山羊基本一致。舍饲母羊胎均产羔率为187.88%,略高于放牧母羊产羔率(184.85%)。舍饲羔羊断奶成活率为88.71%,比放牧羔羊断奶成活率(81.97%)提高8.22%。舍饲山羊发病死亡率为12.50%,比放牧山羊低76.54%。舍饲羔羊公母平均初生重为1.71±0.57 kg,2月龄体重为8.88±1.64 kg,6月龄体重为17.85±2.69 kg,9月龄体重为27.37±3.32kg,比放牧羔羊分别提高1.79%、27.95%、26.78%和26.16%,除羔羊初生重相接近外,其余各月龄阶段的体重差异均极显著(P<0.01)。舍饲羔羊各月龄阶段的体高变化不大,体斜长、胸围均有明显提高,增长幅度在10%以上,差异显著(P<0.05)。可见,沿河山羊在舍饲环境条件下具有良好的适应能力,而且舍饲还有利于疫病的防治,促进生长发育,值得在全县范围内推广。  相似文献   

11.
湖羊具明显的早熟性。公羔平均76日龄出现一系列性行为,80日龄交配能射精,129日龄出现精子。3～4月龄本交能使母羔受孕。7月龄精液品质基本达成年羊水平。睾丸体积的增大与体重增长的相关系数为0.966;与一次射精精子总数的相关系数为0.967。睾丸直径的增大与外周血液血浆的睾酮含量相关系数为0.59。睾丸体积在7月龄时有下降趋势。体重的增长,睾丸体积的增大,睾酮的分泌在2～5月龄时持续增长,而以4月龄增长的速度最快。  相似文献   

12.
Reproductive hormones in serum concentrations of progesterone, estradiol, and testosterone in female Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops aduncus, n = 12) housed in Ocean Park Hong Kong were investigated in the present study. Results showed that, onset of puberty of captive Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins was at 5 years while sexual maturity was at 6. Average serum progesterone concentrations in non-pregnant sexually mature individuals was 0.33 (0.25–0.97) ng/mL (interquartile), significantly higher than in immature ones 0.26 (0.25–0.38) ng/mL. This study found significant difference in serum estradiol concentrations between individuals at the onset of puberty (9.5 ± 1.7 pg/mL, ±SD) and not (below detection limit 9 pg/mL). A slightly seasonal breeding pattern, with progesterone values tend to be higher from February to October (0.38 [0.25–1.07] ng/mL) was inferred. During pregnancy, serum progesterone concentrations range from 10.54 ± 8.74 ng/mL (indexed month post-conception [IMPC] 0) to 25.49 ± 12.06 ng/mL (IMPC 2), and display a bimodal pattern with 2 peaks in early- (25.49 ± 12.06 ng/mL, IMPC 2) and late-pregnancy (21.71 ± 10.25 ng/mL, IMPC 12), respectively. Serum estradiol concentrations can seldom be detected in early-pregnancy and increase constantly in mid- (9.45 ± 1.83 pg/mL) and late-pregnancy (11.88 ± 3.81 pg/mL), with a spike (15.45 ± 6.78 pg/mL) 1 month prior to delivery. Serum testosterone concentrations elevate significantly in IMPC 7 (0.36 ± 0.10 ng/mL) compared to other months (0.16 ± 0.10 ng/mL) of the year. The present study provides normal concentration profiles for some reproductive hormones in female Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins and can contribute to the breeding monitoring of this species. Also, our study would shed further light on the reproductive physiology of small cetaceans.  相似文献   

13.
The effects of maturation on the intravenous (IV) and intramuscular (IM) pharmacokinetics of ceftiofur sodium following a dose of 2.2 mg ceftiofur equivalents/kg body weight were evaluated in 16 one-day-old Holstein bull calves (33-53 kg body weight initially; Group 1) and 14 six-month-old Holstein steers (217-276 kg body weight initially; Group 2). Group 1 calves were fed unmedicated milk replacer until 30 days of age and were then converted to the same roughage/concentrate diet as Group 2. Groups 1-IV and 2-IV received ceftiofur sodium IV, and Groups 1-IM and 2-IM received ceftiofur sodium IM. Group 1 calves were dosed at 7 days of age and at 1 and 3 months of age; group 2 calves were dosed at 6 and 9 months of age. Blood samples were obtained serially from each calf, and plasma samples were analysed using an HPLC assay that converts ceftiofur and all desfuroylceftiofur metabolites to desfuroylceftiofur acetamide. Cmax values were similar in all calves, and were no higher in younger calves than in older calves. Plasma concentrations remained above 0.150 μg ceftiofur free acid equivalents/mL for 72 h in 7-day-old calves, but were less than 0.150 μg/mL within 48 h following IV or IM injection for 6- and 9-month-old calves. Intramuscular bioavailability, assessed by comparing the model-derived area under the curve (AUCmod) from IM and IV injection at each age, appeared to be complete. After IV administration, the AUCmod in 7-day-old and 1-month-old calves (126.92±21.1 μg-h/mL and 135.0±21.6 μg.h/mL, respectively) was significantly larger than in 3-, 6- and 9-month-old calves (74.0±10.7 μg.h/mL, 61.0±17.7 μg.h/mL and 68.5±12.8 μg.h/mL, respectively; P< 0.0001). The Vd(ss) decreased linearly within the first 3 months of life in cattle (0.345±0.0616 L/kg, 0.335±0.919 L/kg and 0.284±0.0490 L/kg, respectively; P= 0.031), indicative of the decreasing extracellular fluid volume in maturing cattle. The Clb was significantly smaller in 7-day-old and 1-month-old calves (0.0178±0.00325 L/h.kg and 0.0167±0.00310 L/h.kg, respectively) than in 3-, 6- and 9-month-old calves (0.0303±0.0046 L/h.kg, 0.0398±0.0149 L/h.kg and 0.0330±0.00552 L/h.kg, respectively; P≦0.001). This observation may be indicative of maturation of the metabolism and/or excretion processes for ceftiofur and desfuroylceftiofur metabolites. The approved dosage regimens for ceftiofur sodium of 1.1-2.2 mg/kg administered once daily for up to 5 consecutive days will provide plasma concentrations above the MIC for bovine respiratory disease pathogens for a longer period of time in neonatal calves than in older calves. Peak plasma concentrations of ceftiofur and desfuroylceftiofur metabolites were no higher in neonatal calves than in more mature cattle, highly suggestive that peak tissue concentrations would be no higher in neonatal calves than in more mature cattle.  相似文献   

14.
The effect of appetite regulatory hormone cholecystokinin (CCK) on the secretions of oxyntomodulin (OXM) and ghrelin, and the effect of ghrelin on the secretions of CCK and OXM were studied in ruminants. Eight Holstein steers, 7 months old, 243 ± 7 kg body weight (BW), were arranged in an incomplete Latin square design (8 animals × 4 treatments × 4 days of sampling). Steers were intravenously injected with 10 µg of sulfated CCK‐8/kg BW, 20 µg of acyl ghrelin/kg BW, 100 µg of des‐acyl ghrelin/kg BW or vehicle. Blood samples were collected from ?60 min to 120 min relative to time of injection. Plasma concentrations of ghrelin, sulfated CCK and OXM were measured by double‐antibody radioimmunoassay. Plasma acyl ghrelin was increased to peak level (428.3 ± 6 pg/mL) at 60 min after injection of CCK compared with pre‐injected levels (203.3 ± 1 pg/mL). These results showed for the first time, that intravenous bolus injection of CCK increased ghrelin secretion in ruminants. In contrast, injection of ghrelin did not change CCK secretion. Administration of ghrelin or CCK has no effect on plasma OXM concentrations. In conclusion, our results show that administration of CCK increased ghrelin secretion but did not affect OXM release in ruminants. Ghrelin did not affect the secretions of CCK and OXM.  相似文献   

15.
The effect of dry season supplementation with crop‐residue‐based rations on bodyweight, scrotal circumference and serum testosterone concentrations in Red Sokoto weaner bucks at 5, 6 and 7 months of age was investigated in the present study. There were 7 treatment groups which were fed a positive control ration (conventional concentrate) fed at 1 and 2% of the bucks’ bodyweights (Rations 1A and 2A), two crop‐residue‐based test rations each fed at 1 and 2% of bodyweight (1B, 2B, 1C and 2C), and a negative control that was unsupplemented (Ration D). All treatment groups had ad libitum access to natural pastures and Digitaria smutsii hay as a basal diet. Bodyweight and scrotal circumference of the bucks significantly increased (P < 0.05) with age from 5.9 kg to 10.2 kg, and 4.40 cm to 6.95 cm, at 5 and 7 months of age, respectively. Bucks on Ration D (unsupplemented group) had the lowest bodyweight and scrotal circumference. Bucks on Ration 2A showed a significant increase in basal testosterone concentration from 0.32 ng/mL at 5 months of age to 0.65 ng/mL at 7 months of age. Peak testosterone concentration also increased from 1.0 ng/mL at 5 months to 2.8 ng/mL at 7 months of age. Bucks on test Ration 2C had higher bodyweights (6.75, 8.00 and 10.00 kg at 5, 6 and 7 months of age, respectively) than bucks on the other test Ration B (6.20, 7.20 and 8.50 kg, respectively). There were no significant differences between the two test rations with regard to scrotal circumferences of the bucks at all ages. However, at 7 months of age, bucks on test Ration 2C had significantly higher peak testosterone concentration (1.80 ng/mL) than their counterparts on test Ration 2B (1.30 ng/mL). The secretory patterns of testosterone were episodic and pulsatile in nature. It was concluded that crop‐residue supplementation in prepubertal Red Sokoto bucks has a significant influence on their bodyweight, scrotal circumference and testosterone production. Test Ration C was a cheap, affordable and better crop‐residue‐based ration for optimal reproductive performance than test Ration B.  相似文献   

16.
研究利用3种不同的方法超数排卵处理沼泽型水牛,比较研究不同方法处理时水牛血清雌二醇(E2)、孕酮(P4)浓度变化规律。结果表明:进口FolltropinR○-V、国产FSH和PMSG超数排卵处理沼泽型水牛,血清E2浓度峰值分别出现在氯前列烯醇(PGc)处理后的48 h([142.45±94.66)pg/mL]、72 h([87.78±29.62)pg/mL]、48 h([126.38±92.33)pg/mL];血液中P4浓度最低值分别出现在PGc处理后的48 h([0.76±0.21)pg/mL]、24 h([1.18±0.12)pg/mL]和144 h([0.82±0.06)pg/mL]。  相似文献   

17.
Abstract

Serum concentrations of progesterone (P) and estradiol (E2) were measured over a 7-month period in two captive juvenile female manatees Trichechus manatus. The animals, aged 5.17 and 6.58 years, had mean (±95% confidence interval) serum P concentrations of 0.45 ± 0.27 ng/mL and 0.67 ± 0.24 ng/mL, and mean serum E2 concentrations of 91.1 ± 71.9 pg/ mL and 121.6 ± 50.6 pg/mL, respectively. A mature male was sampled twice: serum P was 0.92 and 0.79 ng/ mL, and serum E2 was 117.6 and 207.8 pg/mL. A gravid female was sampled once during her first trimester: serum P was 3.42 ng/mL, and E2 was 27.7 pg/mL.  相似文献   

18.
A study on bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of cefquinome in piglets was conducted after intravenous (i.v.) and intramuscular (i.m.) administrations of 2.0 mg/kg of body weight, respectively. Plasma concentrations were measured by high‐performance liquid chromatography assay with UV detector at 268‐nm wavelength. Plasma concentration–time data after i.v. administration were best fit by a two‐compartment model. The pharmacokinetic values were distribution half‐life 0.27 ± 0.21 h, elimination half‐life 1.85 ± 1.11 h, total body clearance 0.26 ± 0.08 L/kg·h, area under curve 8.07 ± 1.91 μg·h/mL and volume of distribution at steady state 0.46 ± 0.10 L/kg. Plasma concentration–time data after i.m. administration were also best fit by a two‐compartment model. The pharmacokinetic parameters were distribution half‐life 0.88 ± 0.42 h, elimination half‐life 4.36 ± 2.35 h, peak concentration 4.01 ± 0.57 μg/mL and bioavailability 95.13 ± 9.93%.  相似文献   

19.
Experiments in different animal species have shown that febrile conditions, induced by Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS), may alter the pharmacokinetic properties of drugs. The objective was to study the effects of a LPS‐induced acute‐phase response (APR) model on plasma pharmacokinetics of florfenicol (FFC) after its intravenous administration in sheep. Six adult clinically healthy Suffolk Down sheep, 8 months old and 35.5 ± 2.2 kg in body weight (bw), were distributed through a crossover factorial 2 × 2 design, with 4 weeks of washout. Pairs of sheep similar in body weight were assigned to experimental groups: Group 1 (LPS) was treated with three intravenous doses of 1 μg/kg bw of E. coli LPS before FFC treatment. Group 2 (control) was treated with an equivalent volume of saline solution (SS) at similar intervals as LPS. At 24 h after the first injection of LPS or SS, an intravenous bolus of 20 mg/kg bw of FFC was administered. Blood samples (5 mL) were collected before drug administration and at different times between 0.05 and 48.0 h after treatment. FFC plasma concentrations were determined by liquid chromatography. A noncompartmental pharmacokinetic model was used for data analysis, and data were compared using a Mann–Whitney U‐test. The mean values of AUC0–∞ in the endotoxaemic sheep (105.9 ± 14.3 μg·h/mL) were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than values observed in healthy sheep (78.4 ± 5.2 μg·h/mL). The total mean plasma clearance (CLT) decreased from 257.7 ± 16.9 mL·h/kg in the control group to 198.2 ± 24.1 mL·h/kg in LPS‐treated sheep. A significant increase (P < 0.05) in the terminal half‐life was observed in the endotoxaemic sheep (16.9 ± 3.8 h) compared to the values observed in healthy sheep (10.4 ± 3.2 h). In conclusion, the APR induced by the intravenous administration of E. coli LPS in sheep produces higher plasma concentrations of FFC due to a decrease in the total body clearance of the drug.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号