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1.
Yoshihisa OHTANI Tomo YONEZAWA Sang‐Houn SONG Tatsuyuki TAKAHASHI Astrid ARDIYANTI Katsuyoshi SATO Akihiko HAGINO Sang‐gun ROH Kazuo KATOH 《Animal Science Journal》2011,82(1):99-106
Although the functions of adiponectin, a differentiated adipocyte‐derived hormone, in regulating glucose and fatty acid metabolism are regulated by two subtypes of adiponectin receptors (AdipoRs; AdipoR1 and AdipoR2), those in ruminants remain unclear. Therefore we examined the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels of adiponectin and its receptors in various bovine tissues and mammary glands among different lactation stages, and the effects of lactogenic hormones (insulin, dexamethasone and prolactin) and growth hormone (GH) on mRNA expression of the AdipoRs in cultured bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMEC). AdipoRs mRNAs were widely expressed in various bovine tissues, but adiponectin mRNA expression was significantly higher in adipose tissue than in other tissues. In the mammary gland, although adiponectin mRNA expression was significantly decreased at lactation, AdipoR1 mRNA expression was significantly higher at peak lactation than at the dry‐off stage. In BMEC, lactogenic hormones and GH upregulated AdipoR2 mRNA expression but did not change that of AdipoR1. In conclusion, adiponectin and its receptor mRNA were expressed in various bovine tissues and the adiponectin mRNA level was decreased during lactation. These results suggest that adiponectin and its receptors ware changed in mammary glands by lactation and that AdipoRs mRNA expression was regulated by different pathways in BMEC. 相似文献
2.
Mahesh Gupta Krushna Bibichand Bahiram Vikas Muralidhar Sardar Jayant Pandurang Korde Swapnil P. Magar Sachin Wasudeorao Bonde Nitin Vasantrao Kurkure 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2019,54(9):1291-1303
Adiponectin is an adipocyte‐derived hormone regulating energy metabolism, insulin sensitivity and recently found to regulate reproduction. The current study was carried out to investigate gene and protein expression, immunolocalization of adiponectin and its receptors AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 in ovarian follicles of different developmental stages in water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) and to investigate the effect of adiponectin on steroid production in cultured bubaline granulosa cells. qPCR, western blotting and immunohistochemistry were applied to demonstrate mRNA expression, protein expression and immunolocalization, respectively. The results indicate that adiponectin, AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 were present in granulosa cells (GC) and theca interna (TI) of ovarian follicles and the expression of adiponectin, AdipoR1, AdipoR2 in GC and AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 in TI increased with increase in follicle size (p < .05). Expression of adiponectin was high in small and medium size follicles in TI. The adiponectin and its receptors were immunolocalized in the cytoplasm of GC and TI cells. Further, in the in‐vitro study, GCs were cultured and treated with recombinant adiponectin each at 0, 1 and 10 µg/ml alone or with follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) at 30 ng/ml) or Insulin‐like growth factor I (IGF‐I) at 10 ng/ml for 48 hr after obtaining 75%–80%s confluency. Adiponectin at 10 µg/ml increased IGF‐I‐induced estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) secretion and FSH‐induced E2 secretion from GC and also increased the abundance of factors involved in E2 and P4 production (cytochrome P45019A1 [CYP19A1] and 3‐beta‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase [3β‐HSD]). In conclusion, this study provides novel evidence for the presence of adiponectin and its receptors in ovarian follicles and modulatory role of adiponectin on steroid production in buffalo. 相似文献
3.
Liu BH Wang PH Wang YC Cheng WM Mersmann HJ Ding ST 《Journal of animal science》2008,86(12):3377-3384
Adiponectin is an adipocyte-derived hormone that can improve insulin sensitivity. Its functions in regulating glucose utilization and fatty acid metabolism in mammals are mediated by 2 subtypes of adiponectin receptors (AdipoR1 and AdipoR2). This study was conducted to determine the effect of fasting on the expression of adiponectin and its receptors. The expression of adiponectin was not affected in s.c. adipose tissue, but adiponectin expression increased in visceral adipose tissue after fasting. In contrast, expression of both AdipoR mRNA was increased in the liver and s.c. adipose tissue of 24-h-fasted pigs compared with fed pigs, but the mRNA in muscle and visceral adipose tissue was not affected by fasting. A third putative adiponectin receptor, T-cadherin, was cloned and the mRNA expression was determined. T-Cadherin has been recognized to act as a vascular adiponectin receptor in vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells. Our data showed that the expression of T-cadherin was decreased in the muscle of fasted pigs, suggesting that the expression of T-cadherin can be regulated by feeding status. In summary, in young pigs, adiponectin mRNA was up-regulated by fasting in visceral, but not s.c., adipose tissue, whereas AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 mRNA were increased in s.c., but not visceral, adipose tissue. The adiponectin receptor, T-cadherin, was expressed in s.c. and visceral adipose tissue and in muscle, but only muscle mRNA expression was decreased by fasting. 相似文献
4.
Molecular cloning and tissue expression of chicken AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 complementary deoxyribonucleic acids 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 belong to a novel class of transmembrane receptors that mediate the effects of adiponectin. We have cloned the chicken AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 complementary deoxyribonucleic acids (cDNA) and determined their expression in various tissues. We also investigated the effect of feed deprivation on the expression of AdipoR1 or AdipoR2 mRNA in the chicken diencephalon, liver, anterior pituitary gland, and adipose tissue. The chicken AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 cDNA sequences were 76-83% identical to the respective mammalian sequences. A hydrophobicity analysis of the deduced amino acid sequences of chicken AdipoR1/AdipoR2 revealed seven distinct hydrophobic regions representing seven transmembrane domains. By RT-PCR, we detected AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 mRNA in adipose tissue, liver, anterior pituitary gland, diencephalon, skeletal muscle, kidney, spleen, ovary, and blood. AdipoR1 or AdipoR2 mRNA expression in various tissues was quantified by real-time quantitative PCR, and AdipoR1 mRNA expression was the highest in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue and diencephalon, followed by kidney, ovary, liver, anterior pituitary gland, and spleen. AdipoR2 mRNA expression was the highest in adipose tissue followed by skeletal muscle, liver, ovary, diencephalon, anterior pituitary gland, kidney, and spleen. We also found that a 48 h feed deprivation significantly decreased AdipoR1 mRNA quantity in the chicken pituitary gland, while AdipoR2 mRNA quantity was significantly increased in adipose tissue (P<0.05). We conclude that the AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 genes are ubiquitously expressed in chicken tissues and that their expression is altered by feed deprivation in the anterior pituitary gland and adipose tissue. 相似文献
5.
Ceciliani F Pocacqua V Provasi E Comunian C Bertolini A Bronzo V Moroni P Sartorelli P 《Veterinary research》2005,36(5-6):735-746
Alpha1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) is an immunomodulatory protein expressed by hepatocytes in response to the systemic reaction that follows tissue damage caused by inflammation, infection or trauma. This paper presents the detection of bovine AGP (boAGP) in mammary secretions (colostrum and milk) and mammary gland tissue. Bovine AGP was detected by Western blotting in all the samples analysed, and could be quantified in colostrum at 162 (+/- 63.7) microg/mL and 114.5 (+/- 67.8) microg/mL during the first 12 h and 24 h respectively. In mature milk, the boAGP concentration clearly decreased and was no longer detectable using the Radial Immunodiffusion (RID) technique. The concentration of mature milk boAGP was therefore semi-quantified using an anion-exchange chromatographic procedure that allowed the concentration of the protein to be determined. The presence of AGP in bovine milk was confirmed by the internal sequence analysis performed following purification to homogeneity of the protein from milk. The concentration of AGP in bovine milk with low SCC (< 250,000) was very similar to that from bovine milk with high SCC (> 250,000). In order to investigate the origin of AGP in bovine milk, a search for mRNA was carried out in somatic cells and mammary gland tissue: mRNA expression of the boAGP gene was detected in mammary gland tissue, but not in somatic cells. Finally, the cDNA sequence of the boAGP was determined, and is hereby presented. 相似文献
6.
Adiponectin is an adipocyte-derived hormone that can improve insulin sensitivity. Its functions in regulating glucose utilization and fatty acid metabolism in mammals are mediated by two subtypes of adiponectin receptors (AdipoR1 and AdipoR2). This study was conducted to determine the effect of insulin on the expression of adiponectin and its receptors. We demonstrated that in the presence of 10 nM insulin, addition of 1 μM of insulin or rosiglitazone (a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) agonist) had no effect on the expression of adiponectin and AdipoR genes in differentiated porcine adipocytes. However, the addition of 1 μM insulin plus 1 μM rosiglitazone significantly increased the AdipoR2 mRNA in differentiated porcine adipocytes. Using the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor (PI3K inhibitor, LY 294002), we found that insulin inhibited the expression of AdipoR2 through the PI3K pathway and this inhibition was blocked by addition of rosiglitazone. When porcine adipocytes were cultured without insulin, supplementation with 10 nM insulin inhibited the expression of AdipoR2 and this inhibition effect was also blocked by addition of rosiglitazone. Therefore, these data suggest that a PPARγ agonist increases expression of AdipoR2 and that insulin inhibits the expression of AdipoR2 through the PI3K pathway. 相似文献
7.
T Kaminski N Smolinska A Maleszka M Kiezun K Dobrzyn J Czerwinska K Szeszko A Nitkiewicz 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2014,49(3):378-386
Adiponectin is a hormonal link between obesity and reproduction, and its actions are mediated by two types of receptors: adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1) and adiponectin receptor 2 (AdipoR2). This study compares the expression levels of adiponectin and adiponectin receptor mRNAs and proteins in selected areas of the porcine hypothalamus responsible for GnRH production and secretion: the mediobasal hypothalamus (MBH), pre‐optic area (POA) and stalk median eminence (SME). The tissue samples were harvested on days 2–3, 10–12, 14–16 and 17–19 of the oestrous cycle. Adiponectin mRNA expression in MBH was significantly lower on days 14–16, whereas in SME, the most pronounced gene expression was found on days 2–3 of the cycle (p < 0.05). Adiponectin protein in MBH was most abundant on days 17–19 and in POA on days 2–3 (p < 0.05). Adiponectin protein expression in SME was at similar level throughout the most of the cycle with a statistically significant drop (p < 0.05) on days 14–16. AdipoR1 gene expression in POA was potentiated on days 2–3 and 10–12 of the oestrous cycle (p < 0.05). In SME, the highest AdipoR1 mRNA expression was noted on days 2–3 (p < 0.05). The concentrations of the AdipoR1 protein in POA were similar throughout the luteal phase (days 2–14 of the cycle), and they decreased on days 17–19 (p < 0.05). In SME, AdipoR1 protein expression peak occurred on days 2–3 (p < 0.05). The expression patterns of the AdipoR2 gene in MBH, POA and SME revealed the highest mRNA levels on days 2–3 of the cycle (p < 0.05). The highest content of AdipoR2 protein in MBH was reported on days 2–3 (p < 0.05), while in POA on days 17–19 and in SME on days 10–12 and 14–16 (p < 0.05). This study demonstrated that adiponectin and adiponectin receptor mRNAs and proteins are present in the porcine hypothalamus and that their expression levels are determined by the pig's endocrine status related to the oestrous cycle. 相似文献
8.
Tokushi KOMATSU Fumiaki ITOH Ryosuke SAKUMOTO Koichi HODATE Yoshiaki OBARA Shiro KUSHIBIKI 《Animal Science Journal》2007,78(1):98-102
Glucose delivery and uptake by the mammary gland is a rate‐limiting step in milk synthesis. Insulin resistance is believed to increase throughout the body following the onset of lactation. To study glucose metabolism in peak‐, late‐, and non‐lactating cows we analyzed the expression of an adipokine, namely, adiponectin, decreased insulin resistance, leptin, and a novel insulin‐responsive glucose transporter (GLUT12) in the adipose tissue and mammary gland by using real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Our results demonstrated that the mRNA level of adiponectin in the adipose tissue was greater in non‐lactating cows than in peak‐lactating cows. In the adipose tissue, there were no significant differences in the abundance of GLUT12 mRNA between the peak‐, late‐, and non‐lactating cows. In contrast, in the mammary gland, the mRNA level of GLUT12 was greater in non‐lactating cows than in peak‐ and late‐lactating cows. In the adipose tissue, the mRNA level of leptin and peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma 2 (PPARγ2) was greater in non‐lactating cows than in peak‐lactating cows. The results of the present study suggest that in lactating cows adiponectin plays an important role in insulin resistance in the adipose tissue; in the mammary gland, GLUT12 expression is believed to be an important factor for insulin‐dependent glucose metabolism. 相似文献
9.
Glucose delivery and uptake by the mammary gland are a rate-limiting step in milk synthesis. It is thought that insulin-independent glucose uptake decreases in tissues, except for the mammary gland, and insulin resistance in the whole body increases following the onset of lactation. To study glucose metabolism in peak-, late-, and nonlactating cows, the expression of erythrocyte-type glucose transporter (GLUT1) and the insulin-responsive glucose transporter (GLUT4) in the mammary gland, adipose tissue, and muscle were assessed by Western blotting and real-time PCR. Our results demonstrated that the mammary gland of lactating cows expressed a large amount of GLUT1, whereas the mammary gland of nonlactating cows did not (P < 0.05). On the other hand, adipose tissue of late and nonlactating cows expressed a large amount of GLUT1, whereas the adipose tissue of peak-lactating cows did not (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the abundance of GLUT4 mRNA in adipose tissue and muscle, whereas GLUT4 mRNA was not detected in the mammary gland. The plasma insulin concentration was greater (P < 0.05) in nonlactating cows than in peak- and late-lactating cows. The results of the present study indicate that in lactation, GLUT1 expression in the mammary gland and adipose tissue is a major factor for insulin-independent glucose metabolism, and the expression of GLUT4 in muscle and adipose tissue is not an important factor in insulin resistance in lactation; however, the plasma insulin concentration may play a role in insulin-dependent glucose metabolism. Factors other than GLUT4 may be involved in insulin resistance. 相似文献
10.
Adiponectin is a protein hormone secreted exclusively by adipocytes that plays an important role in the modulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. To investigate the effect of adiponectin on lipid metabolism in chicken, rosiglitazone (agonist of adiponectin) and dexamethasone (inhibitor of adiponectin) were used to treat 23‐day‐old broilers in vivo. To verify the functionality of adiponectin on fat deposition, chicken pre‐adipocytes were cultured in the medium containing 10 μg/ml adiponectin. Serum adiponectin and lipids and fat distribution were analysed. Oil Red O staining was used to determine lipid deposition in adipocytes. The expression levels of adiponectin, adiponectin receptors (AdipoR) and lipid metabolism–related genes in different tissues and pre‐adipocytes were measured using real‐time PCR, and the abundance of lipid metabolism–related proteins was measured by Western blot. Rosiglitazone increased serum adiponectin concentration and the expression levels of adiponectin and adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1) in tissues and significantly decreased levels of serum lipids and fat deposition. Rosiglitazone significantly increased the expression levels of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and AdipoR1 and decreased the expression levels of fatty acid synthase (FAS). Dexamethasone had the converse effects compared with rosiglitazone. Oil red O staining results showed a marked decrease in fat deposition in cells treated with adiponectin. In adipocytes, adiponectin could decrease the expression levels of CCAAT/enhancer‐binding protein α (C/EBPα) and FAS and increased the expression levels of ATGL and AdipoR1. These results indicate that adiponectin has a remarkable effect on impairment of adipocyte differentiation, which contributes to the negative regulation of fat deposition in chicken. 相似文献
11.
Expression of adiponectin and its receptors (AdipoR1 and AdipoR2) in chicken ovary: potential role in ovarian steroidogenesis 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Chabrolle C Tosca L Crochet S Tesseraud S Dupont J 《Domestic animal endocrinology》2007,33(4):480-487
Adiponectin and its receptors (AdipoR1 and AdipoR2) mRNAs are expressed in various chicken tissues including ovary. However, the cellular expression and the role of adiponectin system have never been investigated in chicken ovary. Here, we have shown that the level of adiponectin mRNA is about 10- to 30-fold higher (p < 0.001) in theca cells than in granulosa cells from each hierarchical yellow follicle studied (F4–F1). In contrast, the level of AdipoR1 mRNA expression was about two-fold lower in theca cells than in granulosa cells (p < 0.05) whereas those of AdipoR2 was similar in both ovarian cells. Whereas expression of adiponectin mRNA increased with follicular differentiation in theca cells, it decreased in granulosa cells. In contrast, mRNA expression of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 in both theca and granulosa cells remained stable during yellow follicle development. To determine whether adiponectin is involved in the ovarian steroidogenesis, LH (100 ng/ml)-, FSH (100 ng/ml)- and IGF-1 (100 ng/ml)-induced progesterone production was measured in absence or presence of human recombinant adiponectin (10 μg/ml) for 36 h in cultured granulosa cells from F1, F2 and mixed F3 and F4 follicles. In absence of LH, FSH and IGF-1, adiponectin treatment had no effects on progesterone production whatever vitollegenic follicle studied. However, it increased by about two-fold IGF-1-induced progesterone secretion in F2 and F3/4 follicles whereas it halved progesterone production in response to gonadotropins (LH and FSH) in F3/4 follicles. Thus, in chicken, adiponectin, mainly expressed in theca cells, could exert paracrine or autocrine effect on the ovarian steroidogenesis. 相似文献
12.
为了研究4F2hc在奶牛乳腺中的表达模式及调控方式，进一步明确氨基酸在奶牛乳腺上皮细胞中的跨膜转运过程，本研究采用Western blotting和实时荧光定量PCR技术检测了4F2hc在泌乳期和干奶期奶牛乳腺组织中的表达变化；在体外培养的泌乳期奶牛乳腺上皮细胞中添加亮氨酸，采用Western blotting和实时荧光定量PCR技术检测其对奶牛乳腺上皮细胞中4F2hc表达的影响；采用雷帕霉素抑制剂抑制mTOR信号通路，使用Western blotting方法检测mTOR信号抑制后奶牛乳腺上皮细胞中4F2hc表达以及乳蛋白合成的变化。结果显示，在泌乳期的奶牛乳腺组织中4F2hc的mRNA和蛋白表达水平均显著或极显著高于干奶期（P<0.05，P<0.01）；在体外培养的奶牛乳腺上皮细胞中添加亮氨酸可以极显著提高乳腺上皮细胞中4F2hc的mRNA和蛋白质表达水平（P<0.01）；亮氨酸刺激可以激活细胞内的mTOR信号通路（P<0.05），而雷帕霉素处理则可以显著抑制mTOR信号分子的磷酸化并极显著抑制亮氨酸诱导的4F2hc的表达（P<0.05，P<0.01），进而极显著抑制β-Casein的合成（P<0.01）。以上研究结果表明，4F2hc基因的表达与奶牛乳腺的泌乳活性之间呈正相关，亮氨酸可以通过激活mTOR信号通路来调节4F2hc基因的表达，进而影响乳蛋白的合成。 相似文献
13.
Adiponectin is a special protein which is secreted by adipose tissue and has many kinds of biological functions that play an important role in enhancing fatty acid oxidation,inflammation reaction and anti diabetes ect.Adiponectin mediated by AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 via AMPK,PPAR,p38MAPK signal pathway plays an important role.Adiponectin and its receptors AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 express in many tissues,AdipoR1 is mainly expressed in muscle tissue,AdipoR2 is highly expressed in liver tissue.In addition,adiponectin and its receptors also expressed in the hypothalamus,pituitary,uterus,embryo and other reproductive glands and tissues,which indicate that adiponectin plays an important role in regulating animal reproduction and embryo growth and development. 相似文献
14.
脂联素是一种由脂肪组织分泌的具有多种生物学功能的特殊蛋白,在增强脂肪酸氧化、抗炎症反应、抗糖尿病等方面起重要作用。脂联素通过AdipoR1和AdipoR2这两种受体的介导经过AMPK、PPAR、p38MAPK等信号通路来发挥生物学作用。脂联素及其受体AdipoR1和AdipoR2能在多种组织器官中表达,AdipoR1主要在肌肉组织中表达,AdipoR2则高表达于肝脏组织。此外,脂联素及其受体还能在下丘脑、垂体、子宫、胚胎等多种生殖腺和生殖组织中表达,说明脂联素在调控动物生殖及胚胎生长发育方面起重要作用。 相似文献
15.
A. A. A. Jacobs J. Dijkstra W. H. Hendriks J. van Baal A. M. van Vuuren 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2013,97(2):353-362
Stearoyl‐CoA desaturase (SCD) is an important enzyme in the bovine mammary gland, where it inserts a cis‐double bond at the Δ9 position in a wide range of fatty acids. Investigating SCD expression in the bovine mammary gland generally requires invasive biopsy to obtain mammary tissue. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of milk somatic cells as a non‐invasive alternative to biopsy for measuring mammary SCD expression in dairy cows. Both milk somatic cells and mammary tissue were collected from 14 Holstein‐Friesian cows and used for analysis of SCD expression by real‐time PCR. The SCD5 mRNA levels in mammary tissue compared with SCD1 were low, and for several milk somatic cell samples, SCD5 expression was even below the limit of detection. A significant relationship was found between SCD1 expression in milk somatic cells and in mammary tissue. In addition, SCD1 expression in milk somatic cells was significantly related to Δ9‐desaturase indices in milk, which are commonly used as an indicator of SCD1 activity within the mammary gland. Our study showed that milk somatic cells can be used as a source of mRNA to study SCD1 expression in dairy cows, offering a non‐invasive alternative to mammary tissue samples obtained by biopsy. 相似文献
16.
LIN Lin FAN Hui-quan XING Wei-nan YANG Yang HOU Xiao-ming ZHANG Chang-shun LIN Ye 《中国畜牧兽医》2015,42(5):1240-1244
To investigate the relationship between the expression of SYK and dairy cow mammary gland development and lactation, the expression of SYK in lactating dairy cow mammary gland with high or low quality milk and dry period Holstein dairy cow mammary gland was detected by Western blotting and laser confocal microscope.The results showed that SYK expression in dry period mammary gland was significant higher than that in lactating mammary gland (P<0.05).There was no SYK differential expression detected between lactating mammary gland with high quality milk and low quality milk (P>0.05).SYK was mainly located in the cytoplasm of ductal epithelial cells in dry period mammary gland.In lactating mammary gland, SYK was existed in acinar epithelial cells.All these results revealed that SYK was a regulator in mammary epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation.It participated in mammary gland reconstitution in dry period. 相似文献
17.
为探讨脾源性酪氨酸激酶(spleen tyrosine kinase,SYK)的表达与奶牛乳腺发育和泌乳功能之间的关系,试验采用Western blotting和激光共聚焦显微技术对泌乳期高乳品质、低乳品质及干乳期的中国荷斯坦奶牛乳腺组织中SYK的表达含量和表达部位的变化进行研究。结果表明,干乳期奶牛乳腺组织中SYK的表达显著高于泌乳期奶牛乳腺组织(P<0.05),泌乳期高乳品质、低乳品质奶牛乳腺组织中SYK的表达差异不显著(P>0.05);在干乳期SYK主要在乳腺导管上皮细胞的胞质中表达,而在泌乳期SYK在腺泡上皮细胞中表达。结果提示SYK是乳腺上皮细胞增殖与分化的调节因子,主要参与干乳期乳腺组织的重建过程。 相似文献
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