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1.
科学施肥是实现农业增产和土壤健康的重要手段。深入认知土壤微生物驱动的养分元素循环过程对于评价和指导科学施肥具有极为重要的意义。近年来不同施肥策略对土壤微生物影响的认知虽取得长足进步,但多限于单一养分元素的影响。土壤养分元素循环过程及与碳循环过程具有不可分割性,互作和协同也是土壤微生物的重要特性之一。因此,揭示土壤微生物介导的养分元素的耦合会更有助于我们全面了解农田土壤养分循环过程和指导科学施肥。笔者研究团队多年来以中国科学院封丘农业生态试验站养分平衡长期定位试验为平台,利用土壤微生物学、分子生态学、微量热和同位素测定等技术,系统研究了不同施肥策略下潮土微生物介导的碳、氮、磷元素循环及耦合过程。本文综述相关研究成果。对于缺磷潮土,磷肥施用能够提高微生物生物量碳氮、转化酶活性、脲酶活性、呼吸强度及微生物代谢活性等,使得微生物能够保障土壤养分转化与作物养分吸收,增加潮土综合碳氮汇效应,“高效低排”地为生态系统服务;与之相反,缺施磷肥条件下,即使长期施用其它养分如氮肥,潮土微生物代谢效率仍然低下,且代谢过程会损失更多碳氮素,不利于潮土碳氮累积,致使土壤质量无法提高,还加剧了生态环境的污染。在阐明了微生物对潮土养分的响应与反馈后,还进一步揭示了潮土碳磷耦合的微生物学机制,提出了“缺磷耗碳,增碳活磷”的理论框架。长期缺磷使得外源碳经由微生物转化进入潮土有机碳库的比例减少,却增加了外源碳的净矿化量,使得更多外源碳以CO2形式排放到大气,即缺磷潮土不利于外源碳向潮土有机碳的转化。但是,外源碳的添加能够长效刺激缺磷潮土中微生物的增殖,特别是解磷微生物。该过程可以使得土壤化学固持的磷素转移到微生物体内,增加了潮土中潜在有效磷含量,后续可以提供给植物利用,即外源碳的添加能够通过解磷微生物活化土壤中不可利用态磷素。最后,对今后农田土壤养分耦合循环的微生物学研究方向和内容进行了展望。这些结果会加深对科学施肥重要性的认知,有助于指导调控土壤微生物更好地服务农田生态系统。 相似文献
2.
PLFAs稳定同位素技术及其在土壤微生物学中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
磷脂脂肪酸(PLFAs)是微生物细胞膜的重要组分,可作为活体微生物的生物标记物。稳定同位素技术与生物标记物相结合为揭示微生物种群结构及其功能提供了一种有效的方法,可用来阐明复杂土壤生态系统中微生物源有机质代谢途径以及个别微生物种群特征,将特定微生物种群与相应生物化学过程相联系。介绍了PLFAs稳定同位素分析技术,包括气相色谱-燃烧-同位素比例质谱(GC-c-IRMS),气相色谱-质谱联机(GC-MS)以及核磁共振(NMR),并描述上述方法在土壤微生物学中的应用以及其优缺点。 相似文献
3.
Hattori Tsutomu 《Soil biology & biochemistry》1982,14(5):523-527
A.D. McLaren made a major contribution to the development of quantitative studies in soil microbiology by presenting equations to describe the behaviour of microorganisms in soil. His three most important equations describe: the effect of the molecular environment at a solid-liquid interface on microbial activity; the vectorial reactions of nitrogen in soil; and the competition between species in soil. In his earlier research he illuminated physico-chemical features of the microenvironment of soil bacteria by means of kinetic models. Later his research expanded into the dynamics of microbial reactions in soil profiles and resulted in his second and third equations. Various experiments were carried to test these equations. Thus an elegant combination of the theoretical and practical aspects of soil microbiology was created. Furthermore he gave an insight into future research in modifying these classic approaches to include discrete and separate microsites.By studying bacterial populations established in capillary tubes inserted in soil, we have shown that there is a probabilistic feature in the proliferation of bacteria at microsites in soil: among several hundred viable bacteria existing at the start of the experiment only one or few bacteria proliferated during incubation. Colony formation of bacterial cells on solid media was described mathematically and this suggested that bacteria, after a lag, may form colonies by chance. The probability of forming colonies in a unit of time will depend on a large number of factors and vary according to species. 相似文献
4.
J. Macura 《Geoderma》1974,12(4):311-329
The last five decades have witnessed considerable progress in soil microbiology. Both the biochemical and ecological approaches developed significantly and contributed fundamental information on the properties and activities of soil microorganisms. The general knowledge of the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of soils, of interactions between the biotic and abiotic components, of microbial processes and the effects of microorganisms on soils and plants has been extended and enriched with a vast amount of detailed findings. The results obtained represent a reliable basis for further research in soil microbiology and for attempts at maintaining and improving the useful properties and productivity of the soil as a renewable natural resource. 相似文献
5.
Soil profiles are often many meters deep, but with the majority of studies in soil microbiology focusing exclusively on the soil surface, we know very little about the nature of the microbial communities inhabiting the deeper soil horizons. We used phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis to examine the vertical distribution of specific microbial groups and to identify the patterns of microbial abundance and community-level diversity within the soil profile. Samples were collected from the soil surface down to 2 m in depth from two unsaturated Mollisol profiles located near Santa Barbara, CA, USA. While the densities of microorganisms were generally one to two orders of magnitude lower in the deeper horizons of both profiles than at the soil surface, approximately 35% of the total quantity of microbial biomass found in the top 2 m of soil is found below a depth of 25 cm. Principal components analysis of the PLFA signatures indicates that the composition of the soil microbial communities changes significantly with soil depth. The differentiation of microbial communities within the two profiles coincides with an overall decline in microbial diversity. The number of individual PLFAs detected in soil samples decreased by about a third from the soil surface down to 2 m. The ratios of cyclopropyl/monoenoic precursors and total saturated/total monounsaturated fatty acids increased with soil depth, suggesting that the microbes inhabiting the deeper soil horizons are more carbon limited than surface-dwelling microbes. Using PLFAs as biomarkers, we show that Gram-positive bacteria and actinomycetes tended to increase in proportional abundance with increasing soil depth, while the abundances of Gram-negative bacteria, fungi, and protozoa were highest at the soil surface and substantially lower in the subsurface. The vertical distribution of these specific microbial groups can largely be attributed to the decline in carbon availability with soil depth. 相似文献
6.
In contrast to conventional approaches molecular microbiology leads to a deeper understanding of the biodiversity of soil microorganisms. Nevertheless, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the spatial distribution of microbiota in the complex soil matrix and the interaction between the soil structure and microorganisms. DNA analytical methods such as fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) are being utilized to improve the characterization of microbial biocoenosis.Micropedological procedures which preserve the soil structure by embedding it with resin, in combination with FISH, allow the localization and identification of soil microorganism diversity in relation to the specific properties of their microhabitats. In this study, FISH was used prior to resin embedding in undisturbed soil samples of four different soils.The polished sections provided visualization of the bound probes as well as the undisturbed soil matrix via fluorescence microscopy. Furthermore, cell counts of active bacteria, locating of hot spots and their relationship to microsites rich in nutrients and water, such as humus or clay minerals, are now easy to perform. This will lead to a better understanding of how soil structure can affect soil microorganisms and vice versa.Derived from the use of 16S rRNA targeted oligonucleotide probes, EUB338 and NON338, the cell counts of FISH-detected bacteria were in the same order of magnitude in the undisturbed and the suspended soil samples. Counterstaining with DAPI showed varying detection rates caused by differing activities of the soil microorganisms. 相似文献
7.
Enzyme activities as a component of soil biodiversity: A review 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
Bruce A. Caldwell 《Pedobiologia》2005,49(6):637-644
Soil enzyme activities are the direct expression of the soil community to metabolic requirements and available nutrients. While the diversity of soil organisms is important, the capacity of soil microbial communities to maintain functional diversity of those critical soil processes through disturbance, stress or succession could ultimately be more important to ecosystem productivity and stability than taxonomic diversity. This review examines selected papers containing soil enzyme data that could be used to distinguish enzyme sources and substrate specificity, at scales within and between major nutrient cycles. Developing approaches to assess soil enzyme functional diversity will increase our understanding of the linkages between resource availability, microbial community structure and function, and ecosystem processes. 相似文献
8.
根系分泌物是植物保持根际微生态系统活力的关键因素，也是根际物质循环的重要组成部分，对根际土壤生态环境中的物质循环具有重要的驱动作用。根系分泌物可以刺激微生物生长，增强其活性，加速根际养分循环，增加土壤养分利用率，并在小规模空间引起温室气体通量的变化。此外，它也是植物参与竞争的重要策略，植物通过根分泌物以获取种间长期生存的养分，甚至分泌对自身有害的化感物质来排挤其他植物，实现自我生存，即使存在自毒作用或引起连作障碍等。植物的健康生长依赖于自身与土壤微生物复杂动态群落的相互作用，但是根际微生物群落结构和组成却又受植物物种、植物生长期、土壤性质、功能基因等因素影响，这些因素的动态变化可能导致根系分泌物的多样化，从而形成复杂多变的根系分泌物与植物的关系，进而影响植物的健康生长。目前，对植物根系分泌物的研究是土壤生态学、植物营养与代谢等领域的研究热点，且随着分析技术手段的快速发展，根系分泌物相关研究也逐渐深入，进一步揭示植物与微生物间的协同作用机理对农、林等行业生产具有重要的指导意义。 相似文献
9.
长期施用化肥和有机肥显著改变了我国土壤肥力和农田生态系统的稳定性。微生物在土壤养分循环和肥力形成过程中扮演了重要角色,其数量、多样性及群落结构是评价土壤肥力和农田生态系统稳定性的重要指标。随着研究土壤微生物的方法和技术的成熟,当前关于如何选择微生物学参数以有效评价土壤肥力及健康状况、土壤微生物对不同施肥管理措施的响应机制及功能微生物如何调控土壤养分循环等问题已成为土壤生态学中的研究热点。本文梳理了基于我国长期定位施肥农田的土壤微生物学研究进展,综合分析了土壤微生物生物量和酶活性、细菌群落及近些年倍受关注的氨氧化菌群落三方面的研究进展及发展方向,其中综合分析了构成细菌群落的八大门类菌群对施肥的响应及其驱动因素,最后从不同角度提出了微生物在土壤学及农业生产中的研究和应用方向。 相似文献
10.
土壤细菌趋化性研究进展 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
土壤是地球生态系统中最具生命活性的组成部分,特有的孔隙结构承载着生物圈中最丰富多样的微生物生命形态,为动植物提供了大量的调控功能。土壤是一个不断演变和发展的生态系统,而微生物是土壤生态系统的核心,也是驱动碳、氮等元素以及能量循环的关键因子。趋化性是细菌在长期进化过程中形成的帮助其寻找食物或趋利避害的本能,结合其他的内在生理特征,细菌能够迅速适应动态变化的环境。营养物、异源污染物和水分条件等的不均匀分布致使土壤中细菌趋化现象普遍存在,并且时刻影响土壤微生物的群落组成及其时空分布。近年来,土壤细菌趋化性已成为国内外土壤微生物学研究的热点和重点。本文分析了土壤细菌趋化性研究的前沿问题和主要进展,阐述了细菌趋化行为模式、趋化信号传导通路和趋化性数学模型,探讨了土壤中普遍存在的细菌趋化现象及相关的主要研究技术手段(荧光原位杂交技术、微流控技术和光学显微技术),并对土壤细菌趋化性研究的发展趋势进行了展望,旨在为今后的相关研究和实际应用提供参考。 相似文献
11.
放牧对荒漠草原土壤养分及微生物量的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
[目的]探讨不同放牧强度对荒漠草原植被多样性、土壤理化性状、土壤养分及土壤微生物量的影响。[方法]以围封禁牧草地为对照,采用野外调查和室内分析的方法,对不同放牧强度下的草地土壤及植被展开调查。[结果]随放牧强度的增加,荒漠草原植被盖度、物种多样性、地上生物量、土壤养分和微生物量显著降低,土壤容重和pH值呈增加趋势,土壤电导率呈先增加后降低趋势,地下生物量则没有明显变化趋势;在植被作用下土壤养分和微生物量垂直方向表现递减规律并且在表层富集,"表聚性"较为明显;在放牧干扰下土壤全磷变异系数最高;放牧并没有改变荒漠草原土壤养分和微生物量的垂直分布特征;相关分析表明,放牧干扰下土壤微生物量与土壤养分之间具有较强的相关性,二者与土壤含水量也有较强的相关性。[结论]放牧强度对土壤全磷的空间变异影响较大,并且土壤微生物量对于放牧干扰的敏感性高于土壤养分全量;土壤养分和微生物量等地下生态系统各指标之间具有统一性。 相似文献
12.
T. G. Dobrovol’skaya A. V. Golovchenko T. A. Pankratov L. V. Lysak D. G. Zvyagintsev 《Eurasian Soil Science》2009,42(10):1138-1147
This review analyzes the publications of Russian and foreign microbiologists presenting new approaches and methods for assessing
the bacterial diversity of soils in the last twenty years. Using the example of peat soils, it is shown how the concepts of
the diversity of the bacterial communities changed in conformity with the evolution of the analytical methods—from the traditional
cultural to the molecular-biological ones. The data on the new phylotypes, genera, and species of bacteria adapted to growth
in the acid medium and low temperatures characteristic of bog ecosystems are presented. Presently, one of the principal problems
of soil microbiology is the necessity of the transfer from the databases on the microbial diversity constructed on the basis
of molecular-biological methods to the analysis of the ecological functions of soil microorganisms. The prospects of the ecological
evaluation of the bacterial diversity in soils based on the integration of different methods are discussed. 相似文献
13.
The burgeoning global market for soil microbial inoculants for use in agriculture is being driven by pressure to increase sustainable crop production by managing pests and diseases without environmental impacts. Microbial inoculants, based predominantly on bacteria and fungi, are applied to soil as alternatives to conventional inorganic fertilizers (biofertilizers) or to carry out specific functions including biocontrol of pests and diseases (biopesticides), or for bioremediation and enhancement of soil characteristics. While some soil inoculants such as rhizobia have a long and successful history of use, others have performed inconsistently in the field and failed to live up to their promise suggested by laboratory testing. A more precise understanding of the ecology and modes of action of inoculant strains is key to optimizing their efficacy and guiding their targeted use to situations where they address key limitations to crop production. This will require greater collaboration between science disciplines, including microbiology, plant and soil science, molecular biology and agronomy. Inoculants must be produced and formulated to ensure their effective establishment in the soil and practicality of implementation alongside existing cropping practices. New approaches to strain selection and construction of beneficial microbial consortia should lead to more efficacious inoculant products. Extensive and rigorous field evaluation of inoculants under a range of soil and environmental conditions has rarely been undertaken and is urgently needed to validate emerging inoculant products and underpin successful implementation by growers, especially in a market that is largely unregulated at present. 相似文献
14.
Microorganisms represent a substantial portion of the earth’s biodiversity and biomass, and the plant rhizosphere is an innate reservoir teeming with heterogeneous microbes predominated by bacterial communities. Rhizospheric microbial diversity (genetic, phenotypic, and metabolic) has been extensively studied to understand the key ecological roles played by the microbial members, including plant growth promotion. The application of 16S rRNA gene sequencing and next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies has revolutionized the discovery of novel bacterial groups that have remained undetected by traditional cultivation-based approaches. Such technological advancements have opened new vistas in our current understanding of predominant but concealed and missed bacterial diversity referred to as difficult-to-culture bacterial lineages, especially the predominant phyla Acidobacteria, Verrucomicrobia,Planctomycetes, and Gemmatimonadetes. Regardless of their ubiquity and prevalence, little is known about their ecophysiology because of the non-availability of culturable members. More recently, there has been increased interest in understanding the cosmopolitan distribution and diversity of the difficult-to-culture bacteria, focusing on their role in driving complex plant-microbial interactions and mobilizing nutrients in soil and their potential as sources of novel bioactive metabolites. As an initial step, we review the distribution and significance of such bacterial phyla in soil, their ecophysiological roles, and their hidden plant growth promoting potential. The ability to select and deploy plant probiotic bacteria from the difficult-to-culture fraction of the bacterial community might open new avenues for improving crop health. 相似文献
15.
S.J. Kemmitt C.V. Lanyon I.S. Waite Q. Wen T.M. Addiscott N.R.A. Bird A.G. O’Donnell P.C. Brookes 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2008,40(1):61-73
Soil organic matter is extensively humified; some fractions existing for more than 1000 years. The soil microbial biomass is surrounded by about 50 times its mass of soil organic matter, but can only metabolize it very slowly. Paradoxically, even if more than 90% of the soil microbial biomass is killed, the mineralization of soil organic matter proceeds at the same rate as in an unperturbed soil. Here we show that soil organic matter mineralization is independent of microbial biomass size, community structure or specific activity. We suggest that the rate limiting step is governed by abiological processes (which we term the Regulatory Gate hypothesis), which convert non-bioavailable soil organic matter into bioavailable soil organic matter, and cannot be affected by the microbial population. This work challenges one of the long held theories in soil microbiology proposed by Winogradsky, of the existence of autochthonous and zymogenous microbial populations. This has significant implications for our understanding of carbon mineralization in soils and the role of soil micro-organisms in the global carbon cycle. Here we describe experiments designed to determine if the Regulatory Gate operates. We conclude that there is sufficient experimental evidence for it to be offered as a working hypothesis. 相似文献
16.
《Applied soil ecology》2006,31(1-2):20-31
Plant-microbial competition for nutrients is considered to be a strong mechanism affecting nutrient distribution in subarctic ecosystems, but the role of grazers on the distribution of nutrients between the plants and soil microorganisms remain poorly understood. We designed a factorial fertilization and clipping experiment to study the potential competition between plants and soil microorganisms for soil nitrogen in an ecosystem under grazing. We assumed that clipping reduces plant photosynthetic capacity and C flux to the soil, which ultimately results in lower microbial substrate availability and reduced potential for N immobilization. In concurrence with microbial substrate availability, increased nutrient availability through fertilization was expected to enhance microbial N in the unclipped but not in the clipped treatment.Clipping significantly reduced microbial respiration, suggesting that grazing reduces the labile C available for soil microbes in the system. Clipping had no effect on microbial C and N and the amount of NH4-N captured in ion exchange resin bags, which was used as an index of net N mineralization. Microbial potential for N immobilization thus seemed insensitive to grazer-mediated changes in microbial availability of labile substrates. Fertilization had no effects or interactions with clipping on microbial C and N. By contrast, we found a close negative correlation between the plant root biomass and microbial N, indicating that plants had a negative impact on the microbial nutrient acquisition. The subarctic grassland vegetation seemed superior to the soil microorganisms in the competition for nutrients even when the plants were subjected to artificial grazing. We suggest that nutrient competition by higher plants constrained the microbial N immobilization in the system, which could explain why the reduction in microbial C availability by clipping had little effects on microbial N acquisition. In this subarctic system, grazing has significant influences on soil C cycling, but due to plant predominance in the competition for nutrients, does not affect N allocation between the plants and the soil microorganisms. 相似文献
17.
P.J. Gregory 《European Journal of Soil Science》2006,57(1):2-12
The centenary of Hiltner's recognition of a rhizosphere effect is a convenient point to assess the impact of such thinking on the direction of soil science. A review of the major soil journals suggests that for much of the last century, Hiltner's insight had little effect on mainstream thinking outside of soil microbiology, but this situation is changing rapidly as the consequences of spatial and temporal heterogeneity on soil functioning assumes greater importance. Studies of root growth, root distributions and of rhizosphere processes over the last 25 years demonstrate both the size and distribution of root systems and the associated inputs from roots to soils. These inputs result in a plethora of dynamic reactions at the root–soil interface whose consequences are felt at a range of temporal and spatial scales. Root growth and respiration, rhizodeposition, and uptake of water and nutrients result in biological, chemical and physical changes in soils over variable distances from the root surface so that the rhizosphere has different dimensions depending on the process considered. At the root length densities common for many crop species, much of the upper 0.1 m of soil might be influenced by root activity for mobile nutrients, water and root‐emitted volatile compounds for a substantial proportion of the growing season. This brief review concludes that roots are an essential component of soil biology and of soil science. 相似文献
18.
The fungi-to-bacteria ratio in soil ecological concepts and its application to explain the effects of land use changes have gained increasing attention over the past decade. Four different main approaches for quantifying the fungal and bacterial contribution to microbial tissue can be distinguished: (1) microscopic methods, (2) selective inhibition, (3) specific cell membrane components and (4) specific cell wall components. In this review, the different methods were compared and we hypothesized that all these approaches result in similar values for the fungal and bacterial contribution to total microbial biomass, activity, and residues (dead microbial tissue) if these methods are evenly reliable for the estimation of fungal biomass. The fungal contribution to the microbial biomass or respiration varied widely between 2 and 95% in different data sets published over the past three decades. However, the majority of the literature data indicated that fungi dominated microbial biomass, respiration or non-biomass microbial residues, with mean percentages obtained by the different methodological approaches varying between 35 and 76% in different soil groups, i.e. arable, grassland, and forest soils and litter layers. Microscopic methods generally gave the lowest average values, especially in arable and grasslands soils. Very low ratios in fungal biomass C-to-ergosterol obtained by microscopic methods suggest a severe underestimation of fungal biomass by certain stains. Relatively consistent ratios of ergosterol to linoleic acid (18:2ω6,9) indicate that both cell membrane components are useful indicators for saprotrophic and ectomycorrhizal fungi. More quantitative information on the PLFA content of soil bacteria and the 16:1ω5 content of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi is urgently required to fully exploit the great potential of PLFA measurements. The most consistent results have been obtained from the analysis of fungal glucosamine and bacterial muramic acid in microbial residues. Component-specific δ13C analyses of PLFA and amino sugars are a promising prospect for the near future. 相似文献
19.
An increasing body of experimental evidence indicates that plant disease can be suppressed by treating plant surfaces with a variety of water-based compost preparations, referred to in the literature as watery fermented compost extracts or compost teas. The terms nonaerated compost teas (NCT) and aerated compost teas (ACT) are used in this review to refer to the common production methods that diverge in the intent to actively aerate. Very little data directly compares the efficacy of NCT and ACT for plant disease suppression. A variety of foliar plant pathogens and/or diseases have been suppressed by applications of NCT while few controlled studies have examined ACT. For some diseases the level of control would be considered inadequate for conventional agriculture; organic producers with limited control options consider partial disease control to be an important improvement. For both compost tea production methods, decisions that influence pathogen suppression include choice of compost feedstocks, compost age, water ratio, fermentation time, added nutrients, temperature and pH. Application technology choices include the dilution ratio, application equipment, timing, rates, spray adjuncts and adding specific microbial antagonists. Increased understanding of compost tea microbiology and the survival and interactions of microbes on plants surfaces should make it possible to modify compost tea production practices and application technology to optimize delivery of a microflora with multiple modes of pathogen suppression. Innovative growers and practitioners are leading the development of new compost tea production methods and uses, generating many potential research opportunities. The use of compost tea as part of an integrated plant health management strategy will require much additional whole systems research by a cohesive team of farmers and experts in composting, plant pathology, phyllosphere biology, molecular microbial ecology, fermentation science, plant physiology, plant breeding, soil science, and horticulture. 相似文献
20.
沙漠腹地咸水滴灌林地土壤养分、微生物量和酶活性的典型相关关系 总被引：17，自引：1，他引：16
鉴于塔里木沙漠公路防护林所处环境条件和管理模式的特殊性及在南疆社会、经济发展中的重要性,试验选择四种不同矿化度(2.58、5.75、8.90、13.99 g L-1)水滴灌的防护林地,采集0~5 cm、5~15cm、15~30 cm、30~50 cm四层土样为研究材料,主要采用典型相关分析法,对防护林地土壤养分因子、微生物量因子和酶活性因子中每两组变量间的相关性进行了分析。结果表明:三组变量土壤养分、微生物量、酶活性中,每两者之间均有显著的典型相关变量存在,而且基本能够代表变量总体相关信息;土壤养分与土壤微生物量的相关性主要由养分中的全氮、速效氮、有机质、全磷含量和土壤微生物量中的放线菌数量、微生物量碳和微生物量磷引起的;土壤养分与土壤酶活性的相关性主要由土壤有机碳、速效钾含量与土壤过氧化氢酶、磷酸酶活性的相关性引起;土壤微生物量与土壤酶活性的相关性主要由土壤微生物量磷、微生物量氮与土壤蔗糖酶、磷酸酶活性的相关性引起;滴灌水矿化度对塔里木沙漠公路防护林地土壤养分和微生物量的效应明显,高矿化度水不利于土壤养分积累和微生物生存。 相似文献