共查询到10条相似文献，搜索用时 93 毫秒
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P. J. Gregory 《Agroforestry Systems》1996,34(1):51-65
This review presents information about root systems of crops and trees and describes approaches that have been used to model uptake of water and nutrients in crops that may have application to agroforestry systems. Only a few measurements of the distribution of tree roots in agroforestry systems have been published and these are predominantly in alley cropping systems with young trees. Therefore, a major limitation to developing water and nutrient uptake models for trees is the lack of adequate measurements and conceptual models for describing the distribution of roots spatially and temporally. Most process-based modelling approaches to water and nutrient uptake integrate the activities of a single root over the whole root system. Several difficulties can be foreseen with applying these approaches to roots of older trees including the presence of mycorrhizal associations so that the root surface is not the site of uptake, the uncertainty as to whether all tree roots are active in taking up water and nutrients, and the fact that, unlike annual crops, trees have substantial reserves of nutrients that can be mobilised to support growth so that the notion of a plant demand regulating uptake may prove difficult to define. The review concludes that a programme of experimental measurements is required together with modelling using approaches both in which roots are implicit, and in which process-based models with roots allow competitive ability to be assessed. 相似文献
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Virginia Hernández-Santana José Martínez-Fernández Carlos Morán Ana Cano 《European Journal of Forest Research》2008,127(5):369-378
In the present study, carried out from 2004 to 2006, leaf and stem water potential and stem water content were measured in
Quercus pyrenaica Willd. individuals in an experimental forested catchment located in Central Western Spain under Mediterranean subhumid conditions.
These indicators of tree water status were compared with soil moisture contents measured in the same area from 0 to 1 m depth
and from 0 to 2.5 m depth during the last year of the study. The objectives were to clarify the seasonal and year-to-year
variations in tree water status, to examine applicability of stem water content as useful water stress indicator and to discuss
how deep soil water and root uptake contribute to survival during the long dry summer. Seasonal variations in the tree variables
measured revealed a typical pattern, with maximum values at the end of spring followed by a progressive decline during the
summer drought in response to the decrease in soil water content (almost exhausted at 0–100 cm depth). The relatively high
values and the non-significant variation in predawn leaf water potentials (except for 2005, which was exceptionally dry) indicate
that no clear water stress situations occurred. This may be explained in terms of a progressive absorption of water from the
deeper layers. The results also suggest that the stem water content is a more sensitive indicator of long-term water limitation
than the other variables measured. 相似文献
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近年来,各城市应急水源地工程建设较多,为改善水源地水动力情况,以某市拟建设的应急水源地为例,以二维水动力模型为基础,通过水体流速和换水周期两个比选条件准确、快速地优化出较为合理的引调水方案.结果表明:四种方案下,水源地流速情况和平均换水周期差别不大,整体换水周期有所不同,其主要取决于死水区处水体的置换情况;当两个进水口... 相似文献
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