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从除虫菊叶中分离到1株内生镰孢菌。该菌发酵液的10倍稀释液对苹果炭疽病菌(Glomerella cingulata)、番茄灰霉病菌(Botrytis cirerea)、玉米大斑病菌(Exserohilum turcicum)等6种病原真菌的抑制作用在80.4％～93.3％之间,其5倍稀释液对番茄灰霉病菌、玉米大斑病菌、苹果炭疽病菌的孢子萌发抑制率在65.6～81.3％之间。环境和营养因子对该菌的生长繁殖和抑菌活性影响较大: 1.在4～40 ℃时,菌丝能生长并形成孢子,最适生长繁殖温度为30℃,孢子的致死温度为60℃;2.在pH 4.0～9.5 时,菌丝生长、孢子形成和萌发均良好,最适pH 值为5.5 ;3.氮源以有机态氮为佳;4.分别以D-木糖,山梨糖,甘露醇为碳源,以硝酸钠,甘氨酸,硫酸铵,牛肉膏,蛋白胨为氮源培养时,该菌株发酵液抑菌活性较高。 相似文献
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本研究力图得到太阳光下具有催化活性强,光响应范围宽的纳米光催化剂,将其用于复合纳米TiO2基环保涂料,使涂膜产生自洁和净化大气的功能。用不同工艺制备纳米SO42-/TiO2,用Ag、Fe对制备的纳米TiO2粒子进行共掺杂改性,得到纳米SO42-/TiO2-(Ag、Fe)。通过光催化活性、XRD、FT-IR及DRS表征,表明用超临界CO2干燥制备的纳米SO42-/TiO2具有超强酸性质,可有效提高纳米TiO2的光量子效率,光催化活性强;用Ag、Fe共掺杂,产生了协同效应,能使纳米TiO2光吸收范围扩展到可见光区。 相似文献
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通过对黔油2AB与4019AB、117AB、陕2A间的恢保关系测定结构表明：甘蓝型双低油菜黔油2AB与显性细胞核雄性不育系4019AB的保持性相近,但恢复关系不同：黔油2AB与隐性细胞核雄性不育系117AB的恢保关系存在着明显差异;黔油2AB与胞质雄性不育系陕2A保持系间互换保持后,其F1的不育株比例相对黔油2AB来说从50％提高到85％～90％,相对陕2A来说不育性的稳定性和不育度得得到了明显加强,但二者的恢复关系不同。经试验结合研究分析表明：黔油3AB的不育源与以上几大类型不育材料不同,是一种甘蓝型油菜双低新型不育源。 相似文献
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对纳米SO42-/TiO2-（Ag、Fe）有机包覆研究表明,用钛酸酯偶联剂对纳米SO42-/TiO2-（Ag、Fe）粒子进行有机包覆处理,能有效地增强无机TiO2基粒子在有机涂料体系中的分散性和稳定性,为光催化环保涂料的制备奠定基础。对复合纳米SO42-/TiO2-（Ag、Fe）光催化环保涂料的组成配比试验结果表明：光催化剂添加量为6%时适宜;在14 MPa、60℃下用孔径为0.4 mm的喷嘴对CO2含量为30%的复合SO42-/TiO2-（Ag、Fe）氟碳树脂涂料进行喷涂,喷涂过程有机物排放量降低了43.5%,所得涂膜对罗丹明-B降解速率常数为3.84× 10^-2S^-1,比用普通刷涂提高了17.8%。该涂膜还能将甲基橙、品红、苯酚等多种难降解的有机物彻底矿化,且经5次重复使用,光催化活性无明显下降,在可见光下反应140 min就能将罗丹明-B完全矿化。 相似文献
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短短芽孢杆菌JK-2(Brevibacillus brevis)胞外物质抗香蕉枯萎病菌的稳定性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究温度、光照、紫外辐射、蛋白酶K、pH对生防菌短短芽孢杆菌(Brevibacillus brevis)JK-2胞外物质抗香蕉枯萎病菌稳定性的影响,为香蕉枯萎病生防菌剂的研制提供理论依据。在30℃,170r/min的条件下,恒温振荡培养36h采样制备生防菌短短芽孢杆菌(Brevibacillus brevis)JK-2胞外物质,以香蕉枯萎病菌为指示菌,对胞外物质的抑菌特性进行研究。结果表明:该胞外物质具有一定的热稳定性,60~80℃温育1h保持88.5%以上活性,在100℃放置1h后无抑菌活性;在酸性pH3.0~5.0和碱性pH9.0~11.0条件下,抑菌活性保持在77.2%以上,对光照、蛋白酶K、紫外照射均不敏感。其抑菌作用的最适温度为30℃,最适pH为7.0。 相似文献
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磷化氢仓外投药环流熏蒸新技术成套装备产业化开发研究 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
重点对自行设计开发的磷化氢、二氧化碳混合钢瓶剂型（２：９８Ｗ／Ｗ）仓外投药的车载钢瓶施药装置,用于仓内使熏蒸气体分布均匀的环流熏蒸装置,用于检测仓内磷化氢浓度的气体取样装置以及选用的磷化氢检测仪进行了实仓实验。结果表明,该设备安全可靠,使用方便,熏蒸用药量较少,杀虫彻底,在平房仓和筒仓熏蒸中均取得良好效果,用于高大粮堆和筒仓熏蒸杀虫时更具优越性。 相似文献
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钙与叶锈菌侵染诱导小麦防卫反应的关系 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用活体注射法将不同浓度的钙信使阻断及激活药物注入小麦叶片,其中阻断药物注射后立即接种叶锈菌,研究了钙信使与小麦受叶锈菌侵染诱导的防卫反应的关系。结果表明,用Ca2 螯合剂EGTA除去或降低胞外Ca2 浓度,用Ca2 通道阻断剂Verapamil或La3 阻断胞外Ca2 进入胞质,都能部分地抑制叶锈菌诱导的防卫反应,即PAL,POD的活性升高和过敏性反应(HR)的发生。抑制程度随药物浓度升高而增高。注射Ca2 载体A23187能部分模拟叶锈菌侵染诱导的这3种防卫反应。说明叶锈菌侵染诱导的PAL,POD活性升高和HR的发生,需要胞外Ca2 进入胞内,Ca2 参与了叶锈菌侵染激活防卫反应的信号转导过程。 相似文献
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采用双测交育种方法,育成了强健优质春用蚕品种贵蚕二号（827·渝5×826·渝3）,系四元杂交种。经多次鉴定、农村饲养、试繁结果表明：该品种体质强健好养,制种性能好,茧大而匀,茧丝质良好,综合经济性状优良,四龄万蚕收茧量23．03kg,四龄万蚕茧层量5．86kg,茧成率25．43％,茧丝长1446m,解舒丝长1253m,鲜毛茧出丝率19．93％,净度96．88分。适宜贵州省春季用种． 相似文献
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Effects of Nitrogen Fertilization on Yield and Yield Components of Tropical Maize Cultivars 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Six tropical maize cultivars were grown in Thailand on a reddish brown latosol under three nitrogen regimes, 0, 40 and 80 kg N/ha. With regard to biomass and economic yield several "cultivar by N fertilization response types" were discriminated. The low fertilization type was represented by an early and a late maturing cultivar, both yielded comparatively well without additional N and responded little to N fertilization. An opaque 2 cultivar and a commercial hybrid belonged to the high fertilization type, they had a very low yield without N and needed high N fertilization to produce a high yield. The other genotypes were of an intermediate type with comparatively high yields without N, a considerable increase in yield at 40 kg N/ha and some increase from 40 to 80 kg N/ha. Genotypic variability for the harvest index was high but values were at the usual low level of tropical cultivars. High fertilization types reacted to an additional N supply with a marked increase in kernel number/plant and little increase in kernel weight. The early maturing low fertilization type reacted quite the opposite way. All other genotypes predominantly increased kernel number from 0 to 40 kg N/ha and kernel weight from 40 to 80 kg N/ha. 相似文献
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The investigation was carried out in lab-scale sewer system focusing on hydrogen sulfide control when ferric iron ［Fe (III)］ was added. Two lab-scale gravitational sewer systems fed with synthetic domestic wastewater were operated at room temperature. Concentration of S 2- and H2S in two sewer systems was measured firstly. Then the possible reactive mechanism of ferric dosage was proposed and mass balance of those was calculated. The results showed that S 2- concentration in effluent appeared no more than 1 mg/L and hydrogen sulfide in each slot was below 40 ppm averagely in ferric addition reactor, which were lower obviously than that in the control reactor. On the other side, batch tests exhibited about 44% ferric was converted into ironic phosphate, which had no effect on restraining the activity of sulfate-reducing bacteria. In a word, Fe 3+ dosage could inhibit producing S 2- and releasing H2S effectively although most of the Fe 3+ was converted into ironic phosphate. 相似文献
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发酵法产氢培养基的响应面分析优化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
借助于MINITAB软件,采用Plackett-Burman试验设计法及响应面法分析,对影响高效产氢菌Clostridium sp.Fanp2发酵产氢的培养基成分进行优化研究.首先利用Plackett Burman试验设计筛选出影响产氢的三个主要因素,即葡萄糖浓度、磷酸缓冲液浓度、和维生素液添加量.在此基础上用最陡爬坡路径逼近最大响应区域,再利用Box-Behnken试验设计及响应面分析法进行回归分析.结果表明,葡萄糖浓度、磷酸缓冲液浓度、和维生素液添加量与氢气产量存在显著的相关性,通过求解回归方程得到优化发酵条件:当葡萄糖浓度23.75 g/L,磷酸缓冲液浓度0.159 M和维生素液添加量13.3 ml/L时,氢气产量达到理论最大值4187.7 ml/L.经五批培养验证,预测值与验证试验平均值接近,在优化条件下微生物制氢产量提高85.3%. 相似文献
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The relative value of haploid Tuberosum-Solanum chacoense (TCH) vs. Solanum phureja-haploid Tuberosum (PTH) hybrids as male parents in 4x–2x crosses was estimated under two distinct crop management systems.
The first experiment (E#1) was carried out with supplementary irrigation (three times a week) at Hancock-Wisconsin (WI) with
27 families derived from a sub-set of crosses involving 11 tetraploid (4x) cultivars and 10 diploid (2x) clones (3 TCH; 6
PTH; and one TCH-PTH hybrid clone). A second experiment (E#2) was conducted at Rhinelander-WI with the same group of families
but it was only rainfed with no supplementary irrigation being provided during the entire course of the assay. For comparison,
a complete set of 4x and 2x clones (used as parents) was also planted in each location. Three traits were evaluated in both
locations: total tuber yield (TTY), haulm maturity (HM), and plant vigor (PV). Altogether, 18 out of 27 and 10 out of 27 families
outyielded the corresponding 4x parents at E#1 and E#2, respectively. Significant differences among all 4x–2x families and
among families of the TCH group were observed for TTY at both locations. No difference was found for TTY among families of
PTH and [TCH–PTH] groups at each location. A total of 75% and 50% of the TCH families outyielded their 4x parents at E#1 and
E#2, respectively. The percentage of families from the PTH group that outyielded their 4x parents at E#1 and E#2 was 83.3%
and 25%, respectively. The TCH group had on average lower HM scores than PTH (at both locations) indicating some segregation
for earliness. However, the HM values of the 4x–2x families were, in general, higher than those observed for the 4x parents.
For PV, the PTH group mean was significantly higher than TCH group only in E#1. The PV values of the 4x–2x families were higher
than the 4x-parent group at both locations. Our results indicated that TCH hybrids might be as good parents as PTH to increase
the TTY of 4x–2x progenies. In addition, the TCH families displayed a slight higher level of performance under more stressful
growing conditions than PTH hybrids as indicated by the assay at Rhinelander. Therefore, selection of genetic materials with
potential broad range of adaptation seems to be feasible with both hybrids via the 4x–2x breeding scheme.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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用Rim2超级家族分子指纹鉴别杂交水稻及预测杂种优势 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
选用5对Rim2引物对21份籼稻和20份粳稻材料进行了DNA指纹扩增,共扩增出38条谱带,其中多态性谱带26条,多态性水平为69.64%;粳稻平均多态性水平为56.67%,明显高于籼稻。根据Nei’s遗传距离计算获得的聚类树状图表明,参试21份籼稻材料聚为6组,20份粳稻材料聚为7组。亲缘关系分析表明,Rim2分子指纹可以区分多数的籼稻或粳稻材料,且显示出材料的遗传特征。考察部分籼稻和粳稻杂交组合的产量对照优势与双亲间遗传距离的关系,发现杂交粳稻的遗传距离与杂交优势表现出相关性,而杂交籼稻无此相关性。 相似文献
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