共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 703 毫秒
1.
RICCARDO CRESCENZI 《Growth and change》2005,36(4):471-507
ABSTRACT In this paper, a formal model for the relationship between innovation and growth in European Union regions is developed drawing upon the theoretical contribution of the systems of innovation approach. The model combines the analytical approach of the regional growth models with the insights of the systemic approach. The cross‐sectional analysis, covering all the Enlarged Europe (EU‐25) regions (for which data are available), shows that regional innovative activities (for which a specific measure is developed) play a significant role in determining differential regional growth patterns. Furthermore, the model sheds light on how geographical accessibility and human capital accumulation, by shaping the regional system of innovation, interact (in a statistically significant way) with local innovative activities, thus allowing them to be more (or less) effectively translated into economic growth. The paper shows that an increase in innovative effort is not necessarily likely to produce the same effect in all EU‐25 regions. Indeed, the empirical analysis suggests that in order to allow innovative efforts in peripheral regions to be as productive as in core areas, they need to be complemented by huge investments in human capital. 相似文献
2.
Physical Capital,Human Capital,and Social Capital: The Changing Roles in China's Economic Growth 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 This paper examines the roles of physical capital, human capital, and social capital in China's economic growth during the reform period 1981–2010. Empirical estimation confirms that physical capital and human capital contribute to the economic growth, probably due to the capital accumulation and the improvement of labor productivity. The impact of social capital turns from being insignificant in the 1980s and the 1990s to be positive in the 2000s, suggesting its rising importance in recent decades. A declining role of physical capital in the economic growth in China from 1990s to 2000s is also found. The findings hold for several additional robustness checks, including focusing on longer term determinants of the economic growth, subregional analysis, and endogeneity. Furthermore, the foreign direct investment inflows and adjustment of economic ownership structure are also important for economic growth in China. 相似文献
3.
城镇化与农村人力资本积累之间的关系将会影响到乡村振兴战略和城乡融合发展的成败。基于理论分析和2005—2017年中国省级面板数据,采用固定效应、面板工具变量估计方法检验城镇化对农村人力资本积累的因果效应和内在机制。结果表明：（1）在控制其他变量的条件下,城镇化对农村人力资本积累具有显著的正向影响,城镇化率每提高一个百分点,农村人均人力资本大约增加1200~1300元;（2）城镇化强化了农村家庭人口质量偏好,农村人力资本投资持续增加,即城镇化对农村人力资本的深化效应是借助人口质量偏好机制而现实的。上述发现进一步澄清了城镇化与农村人力资本积累之间的逻辑关系,并为政府部门在设计和完善相关政策方面提供理论启发和经验证据。 相似文献
4.
Affter the MM theorem is born,economists always highlight the corporate capital structure theory.With the development of china capital market and corporate reform,it is very important to do the capital structure reaserch on Chinese listed corporate.The authors summarize the capital structure character of Chinese listed corporate,reaserches the internal&external influence factors on corporate capital structure,does a empirical test and analysis on these internal influence factors,and finds some findings that are differental from overseas reaserch. 相似文献
5.
WANG Bing-jie GONG Xian-wen 《保鲜与加工》2004,(5):143-146
According to Coase and Alchian's definition ,the corporation is a contract consisting of variety essential factors.The essential factors of the firm can be separated into human capital and non-human capical. The owner of the factors will be confronted with rearrangement of the property rights when forming a contract. At the same time, the firm is a special contract which different from other short-term contract. Therefore, its property rights arrangement is dynamic and its surplus distribution is dynamic ,too. By analyzing the arrangement process of the property rights and surplus, the paper draws a conclusion about distribution equilibrium. 相似文献
6.
After reviewing the capital structure theories briefly,the paper researches the impact of financial engineering on corporate capital structure .The model analysis shows that financial engineering can decrease the cost of capital, then improve the financing capacity and effect the rate of debt.Executive Stock option improves managerial incentives and is a challenge to capital structure managerial incentives theory. 相似文献
7.
Based on the relevant literatures from domestic and abroad, the paper empirically tests the relationship between corporate diversification and corporate performance. The results show that there is a negative relationship between diversification and performance in Chinese listed companies, but the significance of relationship is different each year. 相似文献
8.
农户是土地承包权调整方式的“践行者”,也是调整效果的“检验者”,探究其认可度对相关政策的制定与可持续发展实施至关重要。基于江西省510份农户的调查数据,从生计资本视角运用Ordered Logit模型,就农户土地承包权调整方式认可度及影响因素展开研究分析。研究发现：（1）样本农户生计资本总值与各项生计资本指数都较低,五大生计资本指数存在显著差异性,其中生计资本指数最高、自然资本指数最低。（2）人力资本中,文化程度、是否有非农技能和家人健康状况都呈显著影响;自然资本中,承包地面积呈显著正向影响;物质资本中,货车数量呈显著负向影响;金融资本中,家庭年收入和贷款难度都呈显著影响;社会资本中,是否有村干部和是否经常参加村会议都呈显著影响。在此结果基础上,提出了要发挥政府主导作用,加大相关宣传,也要因地制宜,在稳定的承包关系下,根据村庄实际情况选择土地承包权调整方式的政策建议。 相似文献
9.
为明确区域要素变动与约束背景下生计资本与生计活动的差异,厘定影响农户生计活动的关键驱动,以元江干热河谷新平县为例,采用非度量多维尺度分析和方差分析等统计学方法,揭示河谷区与半山区农户生计资本、生计活动的区域差异,通过冗余分析和方差分解阐释生计资本对生计活动的影响机制。研究表明：（1）农户生计资本构成的差异主要由4项与土地流转相关的指标贡献,即人均旱地面积、人均水田面积、政府补贴、土地流转收入（单个差异贡献率>10%,累计贡献率=56.85%）。（2）两地农户在从事种植、就地务工和外出务工3种生计活动上有较大不同。河谷区农户以种植和外出务工为主,半山区农户以就地务工为主。（3）生计资本对生计活动构成的解释率为57.3%,对生计活动影响的重要程度排序为自然资本>人力资本>金融资本>物质资本>社会资本。当前农户生计活动的发展有赖于自然资本和人力资本,物质资本、金融资本和社会资本对农户生计活动的支撑与转换作用仍未突显。 相似文献
10.
This paper departs from the existing growth literature in not assuming a priori a specific production technology and offering instead a theory of production technology that captures the effects of changes in the level, composition, and forces of accumulation of capital on the productivity of an economy. The theory of production technology shows that an affluent knowledge‐rich economy violates the Inada second condition because of its high level of knowledge, human, and social capital. Substitution of knowledge capital for physical capital and the self‐reinforcing nature of the process of accumulation of knowledge, human, and social capital are the engines of growth in such economies. Poor economies, on the other hand, may exhibit neoclassical production technology of diminishing returns to capital and get trapped into a low‐level steady state owing to their ever‐growing need for physical capital and also to unfavorable supply conditions for knowledge capital, lower levels of knowledge, human, and social capital in these economies being inadequate to trigger the self‐reinforcing dynamics. The mechanics of endogenous growth are essentially different in rich and poor economies because the production possibility surface is non‐convex in the former, and this difference explains the sustained divergence of their growth rates. 相似文献
11.
ABSTRACT Cross‐country studies of education and economic prosperity often reach conflicting results when using growth rates as the measure of economic development. However, growth rates lack persistence over time and may not accurately measure long‐term economic success over relatively short economic horizons. To overcome this potential specification problem, we estimate the relationship between key education variables and the capital to physical labor ratio. Using both cross‐sectional and panel specifications, we find that both the primary‐pupil–teacher ratio and decentralized education finance are associated with a larger capital to physical labor ratio. The relationship between human capital and expenditures, private education, and test scores are less robust. 相似文献
12.
新生代农民工人力资本的维度分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
运用人力资本理论研究新生代农民工的生存和发展问题,具有重要的现实意义。以此,结合新生代农民工人力资本问题研究的困惑,在新生代农民工人力资本特性的基础上,提出新生代农民工人力资本的3个维度和7项指标,并给出1个案例,分析新生代农民工人力资本维度的相互关系。最后,指出新生代农民工人力资本的维度分析将给新生代农民工人力资本投资问题带来诸多启示。 相似文献
13.
Much of the literature on the location of producer services is concerned with their uneven spatial development across regions. Although this approach is useful, it proves to be limited, and a complementary analytical framework is required. This paper uses data from France's Annual Survey of Services to address producer service location from a novel perspective, that of the firm. A basic distinction is made between single site (compact) and multisite (network) producer service firms, and the natures of these two types are analyzed in terms of business strategies, location and performance. Further analyses are then based upon the distinctions between sales and servuction networks, and between specialized and diversified networks. Although significant for producing higher output levels, a network structure does not necessarily ensure a higher level of profitability. 相似文献
14.
气候变化将会引起温度和降水等气候因子发生变化,同时也会使得极端气候事件发生的强度和频率增加。因此,气候变化必然会对农民的生计问题造成一定的影响,尤其对重要产粮区农民的生计影响更大。以河南省为例,首先运用小波分析对1955-2012年的降水和气温两个气候因子进行趋势分析。结果表明:近58年间平均降水量和平均气温呈现出不断波动的状态;进入21世纪后,平均降水量在波动中不断减少,平均气温在波动中不断升高。之后,基于生计框架,分析发现,气候变化对河南省农民生计资本的五个方面均会产生负面影响。因此,农民和政府应该积极面对这一现象,采取可持续的发展战略和有效措施来应对气候变化所产生的各种不利影响。 相似文献
15.
Human capital is becoming recognized as an increasingly important factor in rural economic development. Economic research, however, has not provided clear empirical support of the relationship between human capital investment and economic growth. This paper applies stock and flow concepts to human capital and suggests an operational approach for applying stock and flow concepts to the analysis of the impact of human capital investments through education on economic growth. 相似文献
16.
Utilizing newly assembled data on per capita metropolitan investments from the Census of Governments - Finance Statistics, this paper assesses the effects of local (i.e., non-state and non-federal) government investments in public capital on metropolitan factor productivity. Differences in productivity across metropolitan areas are modeled as a Hicks-neutral production function shifter, and the analysis covers 261 metropolitan areas of the United States for the period 1977 to 1992. These findings indicate that there is no significant relationship between levels of public capital investments and the levels of metropolitan productivity for the periods 1977, 1982, 1987, and 1992; however, a positive and significant relationship is found between the growth rate of local government investments in public capital and the growth rate of metropolitan productivity for the fifteen-year period. 相似文献
17.
YONG-SOOK LEE 《Growth and change》1999,30(3):337-365
ABSTRACT This article examines diverse transnational corporations’(TNC) strategies in response to labor shock and specific conditions that enhance TNCs’local embedding in export processing zones (EPZs). The goal of this paper is to understand the rationale behind TNCs’choice between spatial differentiation (mobility) and spatial fmity (immobility). Based on field research and data analysis from the Masan Free Export Zone (MAFEZ) in South Korea, it is argued that TNCs do not always withdraw from EPZs in reaction to wage costs and growing labor militancy. Higher labor costs can be overridden by other advantages: existing physicalkocial inhstructure, tax benefits, fured assets, localized labor skills and technology, cultural proximity, and advantages from geographical proximity to market, raw materials, and TNCs’headquarters. This paper criticizes the overly simplistic view of capital mobility. However, TNCs that choose to remain in the EPZs use both upgrading and cheapening strategies, and their remaining does not necessarily result in upgrading labor skills or improving labor conditions. This article raises a critical question of the firm-centered view of the global enterprise literature and the local embeddedness literature of TNCs on workers’welfare. It emphasizes the important role of firms and of unions in training workers for purposes of technology and skill upgrading. 相似文献
18.
JOHN D. WONG 《Growth and change》1996,27(3):313-326
The aim of this study is to broaden the understanding of the impact of tourism on local government expenditures. Specifically, a regression model is developed to examine the hypothesis that there is a direct relationship between the degree of reliance of the local economy on tourism and local government expenditures. This study indicates that the degree of reliance of a local economy on tourism does have a statistically significant impact on the level of capital outlays, transportation, police protection, fire protection, corrections, parks and recreation, financial administration, and general government administration expenditures. This analysis indicates that the share of tourism in the local economy can influence expenditures on a variety of local government services, thus tourism should not be regarded as a totally costless instrument of economic development. 相似文献
19.
Technological alliance of enterprise is an organization of technology innovation. The proper selection of corporate governance of technological alliance can provide advantage with cost-down, and also it is the decisive factor of success for technological alliance. Based on the comparatively research of the diversity in the structure of corporate ownership and organization, control right distribution, relationship of partners, etc, this paper indicates that the corporate governance of technological alliance is cooperation relationship of the knowledge capital, which makes the base of partner's capability and sharing the control right. The corporate governance of technological alliance is compound of negotiation mechanism, reputation mechanism and trust mechanism. Further analysis of them is also provided. 相似文献
20.