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也谈紫茎泽兰的综合利用徐毓梓读了贵刊１９９４年第４期刊登的周劲松同志《应开展紫茎泽兰的综合利用》一文后，我颇有同感。开展对紫茎泽兰的综合防治和利用工作，应该引起全社会的高度重视。我们这里，干部群众也开展了一些开发利用紫茎泽兰的尝试，并取得了一些效益，... 相似文献
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昆明板机厂研制开发出“紫茎泽兰刨花板生产线” 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《林业机械与木工设备》2005,33(8):6-6
最近，昆明人造板机器厂研制开发出一条可年产7000m^3的紫茎泽兰刨花板生产线。这是我国国内首条紫茎泽兰高压微粒板生产线，在云南省华坪县投产至今已生产1000多万m^3紫茎泽兰刨花板。专家认为，以紫茎泽兰为原料生产刨花板，一方面，从科技利用角度缓解了紫茎泽兰对生态环境的破坏；另一方面，还可缓解日益紧张的木材供需矛盾，刺激我国木材工业向人造板和非木质人造板方向发展。 相似文献
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紫茎泽兰被公认为一种恶性有害杂草，目前尚无有效的防治方法。但从生物的多样角度来看，紫茎泽兰也有开发利用的价值。本文介绍了紫茎泽兰的营养成分含量，氨基酸组成；可开发利用作饲料的方法和工艺，能量利用于沼气的工艺路线。 相似文献
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应开展紫茎泽兰的综合利用紫茎泽兰为菊科泽兰属植物。茎紫红色，叶对生，叶缘有粗锯齿，花白色，紫茎泽兰原产墨西哥，５０年代从边境传入我国云南，现分布我国的云南、贵州、四川、广西等地及东南亚国家大部分地区。目前，紫茎泽兰还停留在防治阶段，我省曾用泽兰石蝇寄... 相似文献
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恶性有毒杂草紫茎泽兰的利用 总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17
紫茎泽兰被公认为一种恶性有害杂草，目前尚无有效的防治方法。但从生物的多样角度来看，紫茎泽兰也有开发利用的价值。本文介绍了紫茎泽兰的营养成分含量，氨基酸组成；可开发利用作饲料的方法和工艺，能量利用于沼气的工艺路线。 相似文献
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概述了紫茎泽兰的基本特征、起源和在我国分布的情况。综述了紫茎泽兰的研究现状,主要包括：从遗传特性上探讨了紫茎泽兰的生长优势;分析了紫茎泽兰的化学成分;研究了紫茎泽兰提取液的提取方式;根据紫茎泽兰提取液的化学性质做了杀虫活性的研究;最后指出了目前我国紫茎泽兰的开发利用存在的问题,并对我国对紫茎泽兰提取液的开发和合理利用提出了相关的建议。 相似文献
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紫茎泽兰种群生态学特性的调查研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
紫茎泽兰(Eupatorium adenophorumSpreng.)为一种严重为害农、林、牧生产的恶性杂草。我省于1983年成立“紫茎泽兰防除技术研究”课题组。对紫茎泽兰进行联合攻关。各协作组对紫茎泽兰种群、个体特性及防除技术进行了大量研究工作。但对光照因子与紫茎泽兰关系未作详尽系统研究。 相似文献
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冉朵 《内蒙古林业调查设计》2011,(6):126-128
文章利用辩证唯物主义理论,在系统分析了紫茎泽兰的生物学特点及其危害的基础上,详细阐述了其防控措施以及开发利用前景,有利于人们全面辩证认识紫茎泽兰这一有害生物。同时,这一研究为全面深入开展紫茎泽兰的研究开发起到积极的推动引导作用,进而,也有利于积极推动紫茎泽兰相关产业的发展。 相似文献
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金沙江干热河谷退耕地植被恢复模式初探 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以金沙江干热河谷退耕地为研究对象 ,在金沙江一级支流———小江流域进行了植被恢复模式的探讨 ;初步筛选了 10余种适应于干热生境和退化耕地植被恢复的乔、灌、藤、草植物物种 ;对其开展了乔草、灌草、藤草、草草、乔灌草等复层植物群落模式研究。结果表明 :该植被恢复模式的建立 ,对水土保持效益明显 ,试验区的泥沙流失量平均减少 5 7% ,其中以草草及藤草模式的泥沙减少量最大 ,分别达 73%和 5 1% ;同时 ,由于所营建植被为生态经济型植物群落 ,既改善了环境 ,又给当地增加了经济收入 ,促进了小流域生态和社会经济的持续发展 相似文献
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草坪草耐干热低温性能研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
胡果生 《中南林业科技大学学报(自然科学版)》1999,(1)
通过测定经干热和低温处理的草坪草样本浸泡液的电导率,结合自然干热、低温条件下的表现,比较冷、暖季型草坪草属间、种间或品种间的耐干热、耐低温性能的差异．结果表明,冷季型草坪草耐干热性能,属间存在着显著差异：羊茅草属＞早熟禾属＞黑麦草属＞翦股颖属;同属的种间大部分也存在着显著差异．暖季型草种中,地毯草、假俭草、狗牙根、细叶结缕草等耐干热性能较为理想;细叶结缕草、黑画眉草、结缕草、鼠尾粟、假俭草等的抗寒性能较强．测试结果与田间观测表现一致,说明测定电导率是检测草坪草耐性的一种简便、快速、有效的方法 相似文献
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对临沂市的观赏草资源进行调查,发现共有观赏草35种,隶属于8个科23属,利用灰色关联分析法,对35种观赏草在临沂市的生长状况和观赏价值进行了综合评价。结果表明:35种观赏草中有25种与理想种的关联度在0.6以上;综合评价较高的观赏草有狼尾草(Pennisetum alopecuroides)、斑叶芒(Miscanthus sinensis‘Zebrinus’)、粉黛乱子草(Muhlenbergia capillaris)和蓝羊茅(Festuca glauca)等8种,与理想种的关联度达0.7以上,可以在临沂推广应用。 相似文献
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Tropical montane cloud forest has been undergoing a drastic reduction because of its widespread conversion to pastures. Once these forests have been cleared exotic grasses are deliberately introduced for forage production. Exotic grass species commonly form monodominant stands and produce more biomass than native grass species, resulting in the inhibition of secondary succession and tree regeneration. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of native vs. exotic grass species on the early establishment of two native tree seedlings (Mexican alder, Alnus acuminata and Jalapa oak, Quercus xalapensis) on an abandoned farm in central Veracruz, Mexico. Seedling survival and growth were monitored (over 46 weeks) in relation to grass cover and height, and available photosynthetic active radiation (PAR). More seedlings survived in the presence of the native grass Panicum glutinosum than those growing with the exotic grass Cynodon plectostachyus (92% vs. 48%). The causes of seedling mortality varied between species; Q. xalapensis was affected by herbivory by voles but mainly in the exotic grass-dominated stands, whereas A. acuminata seedlings died due to competition with the exotic grass. A. acuminata seedlings increased more in height in the exotic grass-dominated stands (102 ± 7.8 cm) compared to native grass-dominated stands (51 ± 4.7 cm). Grass layer height, cover and available PAR were correlated (Pearson; p < 0.05). In the exotic grass dominated plots, grass layer height was correlated with the relative height growth rates of Q. xalapensis (Pearson; p < 0.05). These results indicate that the exotic grass may be affecting tree regeneration directly (grass competition) and indirectly (higher herbivory). Passive restoration may occur once P. glutinosum dominated pastures are abandoned. However, when C. plectostachyus dominates, introduction of early and mid successional tree seedlings protected against vole damage is needed. 相似文献
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观赏草是植物配置与造景的新兴材料。文中介绍了观赏草的概念及其应用价值,通过文献查阅结合实地调查分析了目前南京地区观赏草的应用种类与配置形式,最后为了丰富南京城市植物配置与造景材料,推荐了24种观赏草,希望能为观赏草在南京的普及与推广提供参考。
相似文献
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Grass interference limits resource availability and reduces growth of juvenile red pine in the field
The effects of competing grasses on resource availability, growth and ecophysiological characteristics of 3-0 red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) seedlings were examined the first two years following outplanting in Anoka County, Minnesota, USA. Equal numbers of seedlings were planted into suppressed and undisturbed grass communities in a sandy soil. Grass suppression was maintained throughout the first growing season, but partially discontinued thereafter on the site. During the first field season interference from grass reduced pine seedling root collar diameter, needle length, number of new root tips, and lateral root length by over 40%. Mean pre-dawn needle water potential was 0.55 MPa lower in undisturbed grass plots during a brief drought in year one, but otherwise water stress was not significantly (p=0.05) influenced by grass interference. The presence of grass also reduced, up to 50%, the photosynthetically active radiation reaching the seedling canopy. At the end of year one, total biomass N, P, K, and Ca content were significantly (p=0.05) less in seedlings growing in the undisturbed grass community. Nitrogen was deficient in seedlings growing in grass. After two growing seasons, seedling shoot length (p=0.03), root collar diameter (p=0.001), and needle length (p=0.001) were significantly less (40, 54 and 20%, respectively) for seedlings growing in undisturbed grass. Seedling growth reductions induced by grass competition were associated with multiple environmental stressors in the field and not restricted to water stress as was observed in earlier studies with pine species at low and mid-latitude sites. 相似文献
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Competition for light, water and nitrogen between hazel trees and cocksfoot grown under the trees was studied in two hazel
plantations managed in different ways. The first plantation with a light transmission of at least 70% at grass level was compared
with two control hazel and cocksfoot monocrops. The soil was a calcareous heavy clay, 1.4 m deep. Water stress during summer
was severe in the intercropped stand as well as the grass- only plots, while it was much less in the sole stand of trees (without
grass). Hazel tree water potential in the intercropped stand improved in the fourth year as the trees extended their roots
similarly to the grass-free ones, despite their much lower canopy growth rate. The fourth year, local N fertilisation began
to be effective as evidenced by the N content per leaf area unit and growth of the intercropped trees: grass root competition
was high and root barriers were needed to exclude it. The second plantation was managed on a deep soil with a water table
at approximately 2.5 m depth. The trees did not suffer from the presence of grass, and allowed a 15 to 75% light transmission
rate. A control monocropped grass plot was established for comparison. On the basis of the multiple limitation hypothesis,
a grass dry matter production model was built which accounts for radiation transmitted to the understorey, water supply, temperature
and air moisture deficit in interaction with the radiation transmission rate (r2 = 0.716; 590 observations). The limits of
such models are discussed with regard to insufficient knowledge on root dynamics.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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Gabriele Schino Flavio Borfecchia Luigi De Cecco Camilla Dibari Massimo Iannetta Sandro Martini Franco Pedrotti 《Agroforestry Systems》2003,59(2):157-162
One of the main problems in managing ranges used for extensive pastoralism is the difficulty of obtaining reliable estimates
of grass biomass over very large areas. Estimates of grass biomass are useful as an indicator of both available forage and
risk of soil erosion. Nevertheless, large scale field measurements are expensive and time-consuming. The use of satellite
images may provide a complementary means of estimating grass biomass over very large areas at a reasonable cost. The aim of
this study was to test the use of Landsat satellite data for estimating grass biomass in a mountainous range in central Italy
used primarily for sheep breeding. During each of four ground campaigns carried out over two years, grass was cut and its
biomass measured in 60-90 test plots. Four Landsat images taken simultaneously to the ground campaigns were processed to obtain
several vegetation indexes calculated for each ground test plot. The vegetation indexes showed significant correlations with
measured grass biomass. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) provided the most accurate estimate of grass biomass.
When data for each of the four ground campaigns were analyzed separately, correlations for early summer campaigns were higher
than correlations for late summer campaigns, indicating that when the ratio of dry/green biomass increases, satellite estimate
becomes less accurate. Overall, our results show that satellite data can provide a useful source of biomass information for
the management of large ranges.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献