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1.
应日本道路绿化保全协会会长前田光嘉先生邀请,我们对日本道路绿化、治山、治水、国土整治进行了考察,现就考察情况作一报告:(一)关于道路绿化 日本的道路绿化主要是指近30多年来高速么路及其配套的机动车道的绿化,做到了路修到那里,就绿化美化到那里.日本道路绿化具有高层次、高水平的特点,主要表现在: 相似文献
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城市道路绿化在改善城市生态环境、提升市民生活质量方面有重要作用。在道路绿化中,管养工作是维持道路绿化活力的重要内容。通过考察研究深圳市以及其他省市的道路绿化管养标准体系,分析对比每个城市的道路绿化管养标准体系现状,指出了深圳市道路绿化管养标准体系具有建立较早、内容较为全面的优势,以及存在体系架构不健全、部分标准标龄过长、可量化执行标准较少等方面的不足。并从系统性、指导性、先进性角度提出优化建议,将深圳市道路绿化管养标准体系划分为基础标准和道路绿化管养通用标准两大部分,其中基础标准分为术语标准等4个大类,道路绿化管养通用标准划分为质量技术等14个类别。 相似文献
3.
道路绿化是绿色通道建设的基础工作,搞好道路绿化景观设计与树种配置,是满足道路载体功能的需要。该文从省道307线道路两侧的绿化设计原则、树种选择与搭配、混交方式、种植点配置形式等方面,论述如何进行道路绿化景观设计与树种选择与配置。 相似文献
4.
太原市道路绿化现状调查与景观分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对太原市13条主要道路绿化现状进行实地调查,发现太原市道路绿化存在着树种单一、色彩单调、配置不合理等问题。根据调查结果,分析了其道路绿化景观中的优势与不足,探讨了科学合理地营建道路绿化景观的方法。 相似文献
5.
本文通过查阅文献资料及对西安市内道路绿化现状进行实地调查,归纳总结了西安道路绿化常见植物种类、西安道路绿化植物搭配模式以及西安道路绿化景观的特点等,根据调查结果,合理分析概括出西安城市道路绿化现存的不足与问题,结合西安市自身的地理环境、历史文化和发展水平,提出今后城市道路绿化发展建设的有效对策。 相似文献
6.
道路绿化是道路环境的重要组成部分,也是城市园林系统的重要组成要素,它直接形成城市的面貌、道路空间的性格、市民的交往环境,为居民日常生活体验提供长期的视觉形态审美客体,乃至城市文化的组成部分.
一、道路绿化的类型
道路绿化的类型狭义上仅指城市干道的绿化,广义上则包括城市干道、居住区、公园绿地和附属单位等各种类型绿地中的道路绿化.本文拟从广义的层面上分析城市道路绿化中的植物配置. 相似文献
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珠海经济特区道路绿化及其特点 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
一、道路绿化现状珠海经济特区的道路主要分布在香洲、吉大、拱北三个区(片)。道路绿化的建设和维护管理都是由市政府直接投资,市园林管理处负责落实完成。城区道路绿化的建设基本上是从1980年建立珠海经济特区以后才开始的,由于市政府的高度重视,道路绿化的建设得到了迅速发展。成立特区以前,市区道路绿化仅有香洲老城区的凤凰路、新港路、朝阳路、先烈 相似文献
10.
提高道路绿化质量旨在提升城市品味,满足城市居民改善城区环境的要求。总结10余年的白银城区道路绿化提质改造探索历程,先后采用过造景样式17个,筛选确定其中8个样式不适宜道路绿化,9个样式适宜道路绿化;先后使用过36个植物品种,筛选确定其中19个品种不适宜道路绿化(含1个两用树种),18个品种适宜道路绿化。改造后,展现出整洁、重复建设少、景观效果持续久的生态环境,城区道路绿化效果获得显著提升。 相似文献
11.
Steven Maranz Amadou Niang Antoine Kalinganire Djeneba Konaté Bocary Kaya 《Agroforestry Systems》2008,72(3):231-239
Baobab leaves form an important part of the local diet in Sahel countries and elsewhere in Africa. Existing leaf nutritional
data and agroforestry performance information are based solely on Adansonia digitata L., the baobab of continental Africa. The introduction potential of Adansonia species from the center of diversity in Madagascar and from Australia remains untapped. To assess this potential, the mineral
contents and B1 and B2 vitamin levels of dried baobab leaves were determined for five-year old trees of A. digitata, A. gibbosa (A. Cunn.) Guymer ex D. Baum, A. rubrostipa Jum. & H. Perrier (syn. A. fony Baill.), A. perrieri Capuron and A. za Baill. grown in an introduction trial in Mali. Nutritional data were evaluated against survival and vigor to identify promising
germplasm. Leaf vitamin and crude protein contents were highest in the Madagascar species, especially A. rubrostipa (B1 88 mg 100 g−1, B2 187 mg 100 g−1, protein 20.7% dry weight). However, the local species far outperformed the introductions in survival, tree height, basal
diameter and resistance to termites. We suggest grafting as a way of harnessing the vigor of well-adapted local baobab varieties
to the superior nutritional profiles of A. rubrostipa and others. Cross-species grafting tests in Adansonia were successful, thus creating new agroforestry possibilities with different scion/rootstock combinations. 相似文献
12.
泡桐叶片蛋白质多态性及其聚类分析(英文) 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
根据白花泡桐（Paulownia fargesii）、白花兰考泡桐（P.elongata f. alba）、毛泡 桐（P. tomentosa）、川泡桐（P. fargesii）、山明泡桐（P. lamprophylla）、成都泡桐 (P. albiphloea var chengtuensis)、鄂川泡桐（P. albiphloea）、南方泡桐（P. austra lis）、白花泡桐（P. fortunei）、兰考泡桐（P. elongata）叶片蛋白质单向电泳和双向 电泳结果，可将它们聚类分为白花泡桐组（白花泡桐和白花兰考泡桐）、南方泡桐组（南方 泡桐和成都泡桐）和毛泡桐组（毛泡桐、川泡桐、鄂川泡桐、山明泡桐和兰考泡桐）。该结 果为泡桐属植物的分类提供了参考依据，也为泡桐属植物种确立、杂种鉴定和新品种培育奠 定了基础。 相似文献
13.
Commercially produced vegetative inocula of Laccaria laccata and Hebeloma crustuliniforme successfully formed ectomycorrhizae with Douglas-fir transplanted container (plug+1) seedlings. After 4.5 months in containers, 83% and 90%, respectively, of short roots were mycorrhizal. L. laccata- or H. crustuliniforme-inoculated seedlings had significantly more mycorrhizal and total short roots than Pisolithus tinctorius-inoculated (4% mycorrhizal root tips) or uninoculated control seedlings. No significant differences were detected in seedling growth at the end of the container phase.After transplantation and growth in nursery beds for 17 months, mean new short root colonization of all seedlings was 80%. H. crustuliniforme persisted as a dominant mycorrhizal fungus on seedlings initially inoculated with this fungus. L. laccata-inoculated seedlings had 40% of their short roots colonized by L. laccata and another 40% by native fungi Rhizopogon and Thelephora spp. All mycorrhizae of control seedlings and those inoculated with P. tinctorius were formed by fungi native to the nusery beds. A significant fungal treatment effect was detected for shoot height only. Control seedlings were significantly taller than L. laccata-inoculated seedlings after transplanting.This article is part of senior author's thesis in partial fulfillment of the Ph.D. degree in the Department of Forest Science at Oregon State University, Corvallis. 相似文献
14.
Paulownia tomentosa, P. fargesii, P. lamprorhylla, P. albiphloea, P. australis, P. fortunei, P. elongata, P. elongata f. alba andP. albiphloea varchenggtuensis were classified into three groups:P. fortunei group (P. fortunei andP. elongata f. alba);P. australis group (P. australis andP. albiphloea varchenggtuensis) andP. tomentasa group (P. tomentasa, P. fargesii, P. albiprhlaca, P. lamproprhylia andP. elongata) accordance to the results of the single and two-dimensional SDS-PAGE of protein in thePaulownia tree leaves. The result could lay a foundation for classifying the GenusPaulownia plants.
Foundation Item: This paper was supported by National Nature Science Foundation of China and Nature Science Foundation of Henan Province.
Biography: FAN Guo-qiang (1964-), male, Professor in Institute ofPaulownia Henan Agriculture University. Zhengzhou 450002, P. R. China.
Responsible editor: Song Funan 相似文献
15.
The objective of this case study was to test the effectiveness of biocontrol for the rehabilitation of abandoned, diseased
(moniliasis, witches' broom and black pod) cocoa and to develop testable hypotheses regarding the effect of shade and biocontrol
timing. Three trial fields differed in their shade regimes. Biocontrol was administered starting either at flowering or pod
filling. Disease incidence and yield were compared with cultural control alone. Biocontrol reduced moniliasis from 49% to
25%, independent of the shading regime and application time. Witches' broom was most severe without shade and unaffected by
biocontrol. No significant effects on black pod were observed. Although biocontrol increased percentage healthy fruit independent
of shading and timing, only the shaded plot with biocontrol from flowering onwards responded with increased yield. Our hypothesis
is: 'In the rehabilitation of abandoned cacao, only fields under sustainable shade management and early onset of biocontrol
can realise their production potential.'
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
16.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(5):427-435
In Scandinavia, moose (Alces alces L.) sometimes cause severe browsing damage to economically-important pine. Moose-vehicle accidents have spurred construction of fences along roads, and these may interfere with moose migration between summer and winter ranges, or the road alone may be a barrier. If this happens and moose build up along roads, landowners may suffer economically. Therefore, this study investigated whether roads, fences or other factors influence the use of young pine stands by moose. Eighty stands along roads in northern Sweden were evaluated in which individually-browsed branches were counted on 9972 pines. Moose browsing was not significantly related to birch (Betula pendula Roth, B. pubescens Ehrh.) density, nor did it differ between pines (Pinus contorta Douglas or P. sylvestris L.). However, increased pine density, site productivity and proximity to a highway were associated with increased browsing. Further large-scale studies are needed to understand moose habitat selection and the effects of roads. 相似文献
17.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(2):150-157
An outbreak of the needle-shortening pine gall midge, Thecodiplosis brachyntera , occurred on Scots pine, Pinus sylvestris (L.) and lodgepole pine, P. contorta (Dougl.) in central Sweden during 1995-1998. The larval feeding of T. brachyntera kills current-year needles and heavy infestation causes severe defoliation. A pattern of fluctuating defoliation among years and sites was found on both pine species. Defoliation was evenly distributed in the crown of P. sylvestris during years of high as well as low infestation; apical whorls had as much defoliation as basal whorls. In P. contorta , however, there was a tendency for defoliation to be concentrated on branches in the most apical whorls. Growth ring increments on P. sylvestris with high levels of defoliation (71%) did not differ from trees with moderate levels (26%) of defoliation. Shoot lengths were significantly shorter, however, on heavily infested trees the year after defoliation. 相似文献
18.
Litterfall,litter decomposition and the use of mulch of four indigenous tree species in the Atlantic lowlands of Costa Rica 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Litterfall, forest-floor litter biomass and nutrients, short-term litter decomposition and the effects of leaf mulches on initial growth of maize were studied for four indigenous tree species with agroforestry potential:Stryphnodendron microstachyum Poepp. et Endl.(S. excelsum), Vochysia ferruginea Mart,Vochysia guatemalensis Donn. Sm. (V. hondurensis) andHyeronima alchorneoides (O), growing in a young experimental plantation in the Atlantic humid lowlands of Costa Rica. Total annual leaf litterfall was higher inV. ferruginea plots, followed byS. microstachyum, V. guatemalensis andH. alchorneoides; all with values comparable to those reported for other tree species grown in agroforestry combinations in humid tropical regions. Forest-floor litter accumulation was highest underV. ferruginea andV. guatemalensis. Both litterfall and forest-floor litter material had similar patterns in nutrient concentrations: N was higher inS. microstachyum, Ca was higher inV. guatemalensis, K was higher inH. alchorneoides; Mg was higher inV. guatemalensis andH. alchorneoides; H. alchorneoides andV. guatemalensis had the highest P.V. ferruginea litter decomposed more slowly, whileS. microstachyum apparently decomposed faster than the other species. The twoVochysia species showed increases in N and P concentration in decomposing litter after seven weeks in the field,H. alchorneoides showed an increase in litter N and a decrease in litter P, andS. microstachyum showed a net decrease in both N and P over the same time period. The patterns found in the litter bag study were confirmed by results obtained in a tethered-leaves experiment.S. microstachyum andV. ferruginea litters lost more weight when mixed in a 11 proportion than either of them alone. Maize seedlings growing in plots mulched withS. microstachyum andH. alchorneoides leaves showed greatest initial growth, confirming patterns found in decomposition and nutrient release studies. The results show that these species could be used in agroforestry combinations with different advantages according to the specific objectives desired, whether these are soil protection, nutrient recycling, or enhancement of the growth of associated crops. 相似文献
19.
Streams and drains in blanket-peatland forest in western Ireland were sampled weekly over 5 years, 1996–2000, using continuous, depth-proportional passive sampling. Analysis was for pH, alkalinity by Gran titration, anions by IC, metals by ICP, aluminium speciation by loaded-resin exchange, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) by absorbance at 320 nm.
Effects of felling are identified graphically from two forest drains whose catchments (both about 1 ha) were clearfelled, and partial clearfelling of one larger catchment (somewhat over 1 km2), in summer 1999. Calcium concentrations and alkalinity were increased in the drain- and streamwater from the felled areas. The pH was increased in drains, while in the larger stream, pH range decreased while the mean increased. Phosphorus increased markedly with clearfell, in the absence of recent fertilising, and also increased with fertilising; these results are reported in an accompanying paper. Ammonium-nitrogen concentrations were increased in the two drains with felling, and temporarily decreased in the larger stream. Nitrate increased in some cases. Potassium and manganese concentrations also increased. Concentrations of DOC and organic monomeric aluminium increased gradually, subject to a continuing strong annual cycle. There were no clearfelling effects on concentrations of solphate, suspended solids or inorganic monomeric aluminium. In the two drains (fully clearfelled), concentrations of sodium, chloride and magnesium, and conductivity, were all reduced after felling. Fertilising effects other than for phosphorus were indistinct.
Effects of the combined clearfell–reforestation treatment were testable statistically, using randomised intervention analysis, between two larger streams (1 km2) as a treatment–control comparison. There were statistically significant positive responses in streamwater concentrations of nitrate, potassium, calcium, DOC and aluminium fractions. The implications for management practice depend on whether the loss of nutrients is sustainable for future crop productivity, and whether critical limits and loads of receiving ecosystems are exceeded. 相似文献
20.
The development, longevity, fecundity and life-table parameters of the endoparasitoid Anagyrus pseudococci (Girault) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), 15 d.o. (3rd-instar nymphs) and 21 d.o. (young adult females) of the vine mealybug,
Planococcus ficus (Signoret) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) at 28 ± 1°C, 65 ± 10%RH and 16:8h L:D under laboratory conditions. The developmental
time of female parasitoids within the host was 17.7 ± 0.39 days in 15 d.o. and 16.65 ± 0.25 days in 21 d.o. hosts; for males,
development time was 16.85 ± 0.29 and 15.25 ± 0.09 days, respectively. The average number of offspring per female was 22.35 ± 1.68
in 15 d.o. and 34.8 ± 2.56 in 21 d.o. vine mealybugs. The longevity of female parasitoids was 14.8 ± 0.98 days in 15 d.o.
and 15.65 ± 0.92 days in 21 d.o. mealybugs, respectively; for males, longevity was determined as 7.3 ± 0.43 and 6.7 ± 0.54 days,
respectively. The mean time of pupation was 7.85 ± 0.003 days in 15 d.o. mealybugs and 8.65 ± 0.003 days in 21 d.o. mealybugs.
The aggregate encapsulation rate in the parasitized 15 d.o. mealybugs was 49.73 and 60.36% in 21 d.o. mealybugs. Furthermore,
effective encapsulation was 24.82% in 15 d.o. mealybugs and 37.50% in 21 d.o. mealybugs. Population growth rate (r
m) for A. pseudococci was 0.0999 female/female/days in 15 d.o. mealybugs and 0.1269 female/female/days in 21 d.o. mealybugs. The mean population
generation time was 23.49 days for parasitoids reared in 15-days-old and 22.39 days when reared in 21 d.o. mealybugs. 相似文献