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1.
The mechanical and physical properties of spun yarns and fabrics depend not only on mechanical properties of the fibers making up the yarn, but also geometrical arrangement of fibers, known as fiber migration. The main aim of this research is to introduce a new approach to predict migratory behavior of spun yarns. Achieving the objectives of this research, general physical, mechanical and structural properties of spun yarns together with existing standards were thoroughly studied. A hybrid intelligent model was developed based on a Genetic Fuzzy System (GFS) to model the relationships between migration of fibers in spun yarns and some physical and mechanical properties of spun yarns. Results indicated that the developed fuzzy expert system can be used as an intelligent simulator to predict yarn migratory parameters. 相似文献
2.
The mechanical and physical properties of spun yarns and fabrics depend not only on properties of constituent fibers, but also the yarn structure characterized by geometrical arrangement of fibers in the yarn body. Although there are many studies related to analyzing the migratory properties of spun yarns, there are no studies available about predicting yarn migration parameters. Therefore, the main aim of this research is to introduce a new approach to predict migratory properties of different kinds of spun yarns, namely siro, solo, compact and conventional ring-spun yarns. To achieve the objectives of the research, general physical and mechanical properties of spun yarns together with existing standards were thoroughly studied. Spun yarn migratory properties were predicted using intelligent technique of artificial neural network (ANN). Results signified that the ANN models can predict precisely the yarn migratory properties on the basis of a series of yarn physical and mechanical properties. 相似文献
3.
The effect of spinning parameters on core-spun yarns properties manufactured using three-strand modified method (TSMM) was analyzed. Of the various spinning parameters, strand spacing, yarn linear density and yarn twist have a crucial effect on core-spun yarn properties. To achieve the objectives of this research, general physical properties of core-spun yarns together with existing standards were thoroughly studied. First of all, the strand spacing and yarn linear density were optimized. Afterwards, the effects of variation of yarn twist and sheath roving linear density on core-spun yarns properties were investigated. Finally, the physical and mechanical properties of TSMM yarns were compared with those of siro and conventional ring core-spun yarns counterparts. It was found that, the best strand spacing and yarn linear density to produce core-spun yarns are 8 mm and 45 tex, respectively. Results showed that, tenacity of TSMM yarns increases up to a certain twist level beyond which it reduces. The result confirmed that 45 tex yarns produced by three rovings of the same count are superior with regards to tenacity and hairiness. The optimized yarns produced by three-strand modified method enjoy superior physical and mechanical properties in comparison to the ring and siro core-spun yarns. 相似文献
4.
The geometrical model of yarn currently in use is assumed to be a circular cylindrical under the bending deformation, but
this assumption is not really true because the cross-section of yarn has to change to an elliptic shape when the compressive
force acted on the yarn is considered. Therefore, as the first part of a series of work, the present paper considers the fact
that yarn geometry changes from a circular cylindrical to an elliptical cylindrical under an external applied bending moment,
and then analyzes the relationship of bending rigidity between constituent filaments and the formed yarn, which is useful
in predicting or selecting specified bending property of filaments by the requirements of yarn. In the present paper, the
bending and torsional energies stored in filaments are analyzed according to their deformations by the energy method. The
explicit formula is then obtained to quantify the bending rigidity relationship between the filament and yarn, in which four
characters are featured as the eccentricity of elliptical cross-section of yarn, the ratio of bending to torsional rigidity
of filament, the helix angle of the filament on yarn surface and the number of filaments inside the yarn. Moreover, the bending
rigidity of filament yarns formulated by an earlier method with a circle shape assumption can also be obtained by the proposed
method with the eccentricity being equal to zero. Based on the analytical solution, the earlier method in which the circle
shape takes place of the elliptical shape of yarn for simplification can also be evaluated. This will be depicted in the Part
II of this series of work, in which the relative error between the ideal and revised model would be analyzed, and the numerical
simulations of relationship between filament and yarn would also be made. 相似文献
5.
F. Dabirian S. A. Hosseini Ravandi R. Hashemi Sanatgar J. P. Hinestroza 《Fibers and Polymers》2011,12(5):610-615
The development of a modified method to produce heat treated twisted nanofibrous yarns using two oppositely metallic spinnerets
system is presented. This method allows the production of more uniform, stronger twisted poly acrylonitrile (PAN) yarns. The
novelty of this system permits for in-situ heat treating of the nanofiber yarns. The average diameter of twisted nanofiber
yarns is 340.65 μm with 5.8 CV%. The values of the initial modulus and stress of heat treated yarns increase from 1.90 GPa
and 61.30 MPa in untreated one to 4.51 GPa and 116.56 MPa, respectively. In order to quantify the alignment of the nanofibers
Fourier power spectrum (FPS) and image analysis were used. So the treated yarn shows more degree of nanofiber alignments than
the untreated one. 相似文献
6.
The impact of fiber friction, yarn twist, and splicing air pressure on mechanical and structural properties of spliced portion
have been reported in the present paper. The mechanical properties include the tensile and bending related properties and,
in the structural properties, the diameter and packing density of the splices are studied. A three variable three level factorial
design approach proposed by Box and Behnken has been used to design the experiment. The results indicate that there is a strong
correlation between retained spliced strength (RSS) and retained splice elongation (RSE) with all the experimental variables.
It has been observed that RSS increases with the increase in splice air pressure and after certain level it drops, whereas
it consistently increases with the increase in yarn twist. The RSE increases with the increase in both fiber friction and
yarn twist. It has also been observed that the yarn twist and splicing air pressure have significant influence on splice diameter,
percent increase in diameter and retained packing coefficient, but the fiber friction has negligible influence on these parameters.
Yarn twist and splicing air pressure has a strong correlation with splice flexural rigidity, where as poor correlation with
retained flexural rigidity. 相似文献
7.
The tensile properties of spun yarns decisively influence its performance in various mechanical processing stages. This study
is primarily aimed at simultaneous analysis of two tensile properties of spun yarns namely tenacity and breaking strain, which
play crucial role in determining the frequency of warping breaks. The threshold values of yarn tenacity and breaking strain
required for 20’s Ne carded cotton yarn to sustain the imposed stresses and strains during warping process have been determined
using a bivariate normal distribution model. This study opens up the possibility of minimizing end breakage rate in various
manufacturing processes of textile industry by engineering of spun yarns devoid of potential weak spots which are responsible
for breaks. 相似文献
8.
This paper presents the low stress mechanical properties of plain fabrics woven from cotton, bamboo viscose and cotton-bamboo viscose blended yarns. Three blends (100 % cotton, 50:50 cotton-bamboo and 100 % bamboo) were used to produce three yarn counts (20, 25 and 30 Ne). Each of these yarns was used to make fabrics with different pick densities (50, 60 and 70 picks per inch). It was found that bending rigidity, bending hysteresis, shear rigidity, shear hysteresis and compressibility is lower for bamboo fabrics as compared to those of 100 % cotton fabrics. On the other hand, extensibility, tensile energy and compressional resilience are higher for 100 % bamboo fabrics than 100 % cotton fabrics. Higher pick density increases linearity of load-elongation curve, bending rigidity, shear rigidity and compressional resilience. Shear and bending rigidities show very good correlation with the respective hysteresis values. 相似文献
9.
Yuman Zhou Hongbo Wang Jianxin He Kun Qi Bin Ding Shizhong Cui 《Fibers and Polymers》2018,19(10):2169-2177
Electrospinning is a simple and cost-effective method to prepare fiber with nanometer scale. More importantly, 3D flexible nanofiber yarns that fabricated by electrospinning have shown excellent application prospects in smart textiles, wearable sensors, energy storage devices, tissue engineering, and so on. However, current methods for preparing electrospinning nanofiber yarns had some limitations, including low yarn yield and poor yarn structure. In this paper, a stepped airflow-assisted electrospinning method was designed to prepare continuously twisted nanofiber yarn through introducing stepped airflow into traditional electrospinning system. The stepped airflow could not only help to improve nanofiber yield, but also good for controlling the formed nanofibers to be deposited in a small area. In addition, the experimental methods of single factor variables were used to study the effects of stepped airflow pressure, applied voltage, spinning distance, solution flow rate, air pumping volume and friction roller speed on nanofiber yarn yield, nanofiber diameter, yarn twist and mechanical property. The results showed that prepared nanofiber yarns exhibited perfect morphologies and the yield of nanofiber yarn could reach to a maximum of 4.207 g/h. The breaking strength and elongation at break of the prepared yarn could reach to 23.52 MPa and 30.61 %, respectively. 相似文献
10.
Jianxin He Yuman Zhou Kun Qi Lidan Wang Pingping Li Shizhong Cui 《Fibers and Polymers》2013,14(11):1857-1863
In order to fabricate continuously twisted nanofiber yarns, double conjugate electrospinning had been developed using two pairs of oppositely charged electrospinning nozzles. The principle and process of this novel yarn spinning method were analyzed, and the effect of applied voltage, nozzle distance between positive and negative, solution flow rate and funnel rotating speed on the diameters, twist level and mechanical properties of resultant PAN nanofiber yarns were investigated in this paper. The results indicated that electrospun nanofibers aggregated stably and bundled continuously at the applied voltage of 18 kV, the nozzle distance of 17.5 cm between positive and negative, the overall flow rate of 3.2 ml/h and the flow ratio of 5/3 for positive and negative nozzles. The resultant nanofiber yarns had favorable orientation and uniform twist distribution, and the twist level of nanofiber yarns increased with the increase of the ratio of funnel rotating speed and winding speed. The diameters and mechanical properties of nanofiber yarns depended on their twist level. The diameters of prepared PAN nanofiber yarns ranged from 50 µm to 200 µm, and the strength and elongation of PAN nanofiber yarns at break were 55.70 MPa and 41.31%, respectively, at the twist angle of 41.8 °. This method can be also used to produce multifunctional composite yarns with two or more components. 相似文献
11.
Berrin Yilmaz 《Fibers and Polymers》2011,12(8):1091-1098
A tire is a composite of rubber and reinforcing materials. Polymeric materials used as reinforcing components are usually
synthetic yarns. These synthetic yarns have high tenacity, they are made of continuous multifilaments. The yarns are converted
in the cord form to provide desired mechanical, thermal and adhesion properties by a series of conversion processes. Besides
of multifilament synthetic cords, there are some specific areas in which single ply monofilament cords have been utilized
as a reinforcing element. In this study, new cord structures have been developed by using monofilament yarns and by imitating
multifilament cords. New cord structures exhibited some very interesting cord properties compared to both single ply monofilament
cord and multifilament cords. Monofilament yarns having diameter between 0.23 and 0.50 mm have been twisted together from
3 to 6 plies based on mixed Taguchi model to form cords. Nylon 6.6 and Polyester monofilament yarns have been selected because
of common application of their multifilament counterpart yarns in tire carcass and capply. The twisted monofilament cords
have been adhesive treated to produce cords ready to adhere rubber. The mechanical properties, thermal stability, adhesion
with rubber, fatigue properties under dynamic conditions, retention of properties after curing and microscopic analysis of
the cords have been analyzed. The cords have been found to possess some benefits for tire carcass, breaker, belt and belt
protective layer applications with their superior fatigue performance, cut resistance, stiffness, ligth weigth etc. 相似文献
12.
Farzaneh Rouhollahi Seyed Abdolkarim Hosseini Farzaneh Alihosseini Alireza Allafchian Fatemeh Haghighat 《Fibers and Polymers》2018,19(10):2056-2065
Polyglycolic acid-poly lactic glycolic acid (PGA-PLGA) electrospun nanofibers containing silver nanoparticles have been produced and twisted into the nanofibrous yarn. The morphology of nanofibers and produced yarns, as well as the mechanical properties of the yarns, were investigated. Furthermore, in vitro antibacterial properties and in vitro degradation behavior of yarns containing various silver nanoparticles were studied. SEM images confirmed that the addition of the silver nanoparticles into the polymer solution increases the fiber diameters. The result of the mechanical test of the yarns alone and used in two different forms of the knots was measured and results showed that the strength of the yarns without the knot was significantly more than that of others. The biodegradability test showed that the mechanical properties and the weight of the yarns were quickly reduced after subjecting to in vitro condition. The result of the antibacterial test indicated that the nanofiber yarns containing %3 silver nanoparticles were the most appropriate sample with a considerably antibacterial activity against both gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus and gram-negative bacterium Escherichia Coli with inhibition zones of 8.1 and 9.5 mm, respectively; which demonstrated that silver nanoparticles retained their effectiveness after the electrospinning process. Therefore the nanofibrous yarns containing silver nanoparticles could be successfully produced by the electrospinning process with the proper antibacterial property as a candidate for the surgical sutures. 相似文献
13.
This research studies the factors which influence the tensile strength of tire cords. Five yarn samples are made by changing
the spinning conditions and viscosity to get various physical properties. Different twisting methods are introduced and the
yarns are twisted under different processing conditions for each twisting process. With the experimental results, various
analyses are performed to find the important factors in retaining strength after the twisting process. SEM and optical microscopic
photographs are taken along with some measurements to assist the analysis. 相似文献
14.
In the present study, effect of OPP (oxidized PP) fraction on the mechanical and structural properties of produced fibers
is investigated. Polypropylene powder without antioxidant materials was oxidized at the suitable thermal condition. The various
fractions of OPP were blended with PP in the chips shape, and employed as starting material in a melt spinning machine for
production of filament yarn. Then as-spun filaments were drawn and finally textured. Structural properties including density,
birefringence and FTIR and physical properties consisting of shrinkage, tensile properties and crimp properties were measured.
Results show that blending of OPP with virgin PP reduces tacticity and crystallinity, but it hasn’t any effect on orientation.
Physical properties of drawn yarns and textured yarns were reduced with increasing of OPP fraction. Moreover, increasing of
OPP fraction in blend, reduce crimp properties of textured yarn. 相似文献
15.
Boong Soo Jeon 《Fibers and Polymers》2012,13(1):130-134
Peirce’s fabric model has been widely used to predict the structural behavior of various plain woven fabrics. The structure
of plain woven fabric can be defined in terms of the warp yarn number, weft yarn number, warp fabric density, weft fabric
density, warp crimp, and weft crimp. The warp and weft yarn diameters are calculated from the warp and weft yarn numbers,
and the effective coefficient of the yarn diameter is defined by using this model. We have investigated structural properties,
such as the effective coefficient of the yarn diameter, yarn crimp, and fabric thickness for two different fabrics in which
the constituent yarns are assumed to be either incompressible or compressible. This model is also applied to various plain
fabrics woven from cotton, rayon, wool, linen, nylon, acetate, polyester, and silk yarns. 相似文献
16.
Cellulase is useful for bio-polishing cotton fabrics which enhances their aesthetic performance instead of stonewashing process. Torque-free ring spun process is a widely used technique to produce newly low-twist and balanced torque yarns with soft hand. In this paper, denim fabrics woven with torque-free ring spun yarn and conventional ring spun yarn respectively were treated with cellulase under the same condition and their fabric handle, expressed as low stress mechanical properties, such as tensile strength, bending, shearing, compression and surface performance were investigated by Kawabata Evaluation System for Fabric (KES-F). After cellulase treatment, both denim fabrics revealed better flexibility, elasticity recovery, raised shearing stiffness, fluffier and improved smoothness. While torque-free ring spun yarn made denim fabric showed a better fabric handle than conventional ring spun yarn made denim fabric. 相似文献
17.
This study examined the effects of the total porosity, pore size, and cover factor on the moisture and thermal permeability of woven fabrics made from DTY (draw textured yarns) and ATY (air jet textured yarns) composite yarns with hollow PET (polyethylene terephthalate) yarns. The wicking of the hollow composite yarn fabrics was found to be superior to that of the high twisted yarn fabrics, which may be due to the high porosity in the hollow composites yarns, but this was not related to the cover factor. The drying characteristics of the hollow composite yarn fabric with high porosity were inferior compared to the high twisted yarn fabrics due to the large amounts of liquid water in the large pores, which resulted in a longer drying time of the fabric. The thermal conductivity of the hollow composite yarn fabrics decreased with increasing measured pore diameter due to the bulky yarn structure. The effects of the hollowness of the yarn on the thermal conductivity were more dominant than those of the yarn structural parameters. The air permeability increased with increasing measured pore diameter but the effects of the cover factor on the air permeability were not observed in the hollow composite yarn fabrics. The effects of porosity on the moisture and thermal permeability of the woven fabrics made from the hollow composite filaments were found to be critical, i.e., wicking and air permeability increase with increasing porosity. In addition, the drying rate increased with increasing porosity and the thermal conductivity decreased with increasing pore diameter, but were independent of the cover factor. 相似文献
18.
Hyun Jin Koo Gap Shik Chang Seong Hun Kim Wan Gyu Hahm Seong Yoon Park 《Fibers and Polymers》2013,14(12):2083-2087
Mechanical properties and the long-term degradation properties of the recycled PET yarns are typically lower than the virgin PET yarns due to the contaminants coming from non-PET bottles, labels and caps etc. For environmental reasons, recycling of post-consumer polyester bottles into textile fibers has become commercially attractive. We studied mechanical and chemical recycling processes and examined their effects on yarn properties such as tensile properties, thermal characteristics, hydrolysis and photo-degradation. It was found that the virgin and the chemical recycled yarns with sufficient purification show similar processability, physical and mechanical properties, and long-term degradation behavior. The results provide useful information on recycled PET yarns for processability and serviceability for the high-end use. 相似文献
19.
Jackie Y. Cai Jie Min Menghe Miao Jeffrey S. Church Jill McDonnell Robert Knott Stephen Hawkins Chi Huynh 《Fibers and Polymers》2014,15(2):322-325
Multiwall carbon nanotube (CNT) spun yarns were subjected to γ-irradiation in an oxygen rich environment, followed by the application of epoxy to form CNT/epoxy composite yarns with a high CNT fraction. The method for fabrication of the CNT/polymer composite yarns was presented, and the effect of γ-irradiation on the mechanical performance of the pure CNT spun yarns and their epoxy composite yarns were studied. The γ-irradiated CNT yarns were also characterized by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The results of this study have demonstrated that the γ-irradiation is an effective micro-engineering tool to improve mechanical properties of the CNT spun yarn and its epoxy composite yarn. 相似文献
20.
Studies on reduction of yarn hairiness by nozzles in ring spinning and winding by airflow simulation
Reduction of yarn hairiness by nozzles in ring spinning and winding is a new approach. Simulation of the airflow pattern inside
the nozzles provides useful information about actual mechanism of hairiness reduction. The swirling air current inside the
nozzles is capable of wrapping the protruding hairs around the yarn body, thereby reducing yarn hairiness. Since production
rate of winding is very high and the process itself increases yarn hairiness any method to reduce the hairiness of yarns at
this stage is a novel approach. A CFD (computational fluid dynamics) model has been developed to simulate the airflow pattern
inside the nozzles using Fluent 6.1 software. In this study, both S- and Z-type nozzles having an axial angle of 50° and diameter
of 2.2 mm were used for simulation studies. To create a swirling effect, four air holes of 0.4 mm diameter are made tangential
to the inner walls of the nozzles. S- and Z-twisted yarns of 30 tex were spun with and without nozzles and were tested for
hairiness, tensile and evenness properties. The total number of hairs equal to or exceeding 3 mm (i.e. the S3 values) for
yarn spun with nozzle is nearly 49–51 % less than that of ring yarns in case of nozzle-ring spinning, and 15 % less in case
of nozzle-winding, while both the yarn types show little difference in evenness and tensile properties. Upward airflow gives
best results in terms of hairiness reduction for nozzle-ring and nozzle wound yarns compared to ring yarns. Yarn passing through
the centre of the nozzle shows maximum reduction in S3 values. 相似文献