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1.
The clinical features and treatment of eight cats with medial patellar luxation are described. In six cases the condition was bilateral. The luxation was surgically treated in 10 instances and four joints were treated conservatively. Patellar function following surgery was good in 90 per cent of the cases while the results of the conservatively managed joints were disappointing.  相似文献   

2.
The clinical and radiographical features, and the results of treatment of 41 dogs and 10 cats with traumatic injuries of the spine are reviewed. There was a poor correlation between the degree of vertebral displacement and the neurological condition of the animals. Eighteen cases were treated conservatively, 16 were treated surgically and 17 were destroyed. Surgery was reserved for animals with either severe or progressive neurological dysfunction, and vertebral body plating and hemilaminectomy were the commonest procedures. Of the cases treated conservatively 94.4 per cent showed significant neurological improvement compared with 87.5 per cent of those treated surgically.  相似文献   

3.
The purpose of this retrospective study was to review cases of spinal fractures or luxations (SFL) treated with various modalities in order to describe fracture location, neurological status, treatment, outcome and complications in a patient population at a single centre. The medical records of dogs and cats that had been diagnosed with a SFL between C1 and L7 between January 1995 and June 2005 were reviewed in order to collect pertinent data. Ninety-five cases were included in this study. The severity of spinal cord injury was graded on a scale from 0 to 5. Vehicular trauma was the most common cause of SFL. Spinal fractures were localized between C1-C5 in 10 cases, C6-T2 in one case, T3-L3 in 54 cases, L4-L7 in 36 cases. Thirty patients that were euthanatized without treatment had a median neurological score of 5. Twenty-eight patients, all of which had motor function, were treated conservatively and there was not any change in their median neurological grade at the time of discharge. Thirty-seven patients had surgery, 27 of which were non ambulatory. Thirty-five of 37 were stabilized using pins and/or screws and PMMA or various other techniques. The median neurological grade of surgically treated patients improved by one point between the time of initial diagnosis and discharge. Implant removal was performed in five cases. The patients that were treated with pins and/or screws and PMMA were significantly more improved than conservatively managed patients at the time of discharge, although the surgically treated patients were hospitalized significantly longer than the conservatively managed patients. Our results suggest that dogs that retain pain sensation prior to surgery have a good prognosis for functional recovery. In this study, the dogs that were treated conservatively retained purposeful movement and had a good prognosis for recovery.  相似文献   

4.
OBJECTIVE: To determine clinical signs, diagnostic findings, outcome, and prognostic factors in dogs treated surgically for massive hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and compare survival times of surgically and conservatively treated dogs. DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: 48 dogs. PROCEDURE: Medical records were examined for clinical signs, diagnostic and surgical findings, and postoperative outcome. Dogs were allocated into surgery and nonsurgery groups depending on whether curative-intent liver lobectomy was performed. Data from the surgical and nonsurgical groups were analyzed to identify prognostic factors and determine and compare rates of tumor control and survival time. RESULTS: 42 dogs were treated surgically, and 6 were managed conservatively. In the surgery group, intraoperative mortality rate was 4.8% with no local recurrence, metastatic rate was 4.8%, and median survival time was > 1,460 days (range, 1 to 1,460 days). High alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities were associated with poor prognosis. Median survival time for the nonsurgery group was 270 days (range, 0 to 415 days), which was significantly less than that of surgically treated dogs. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Liver lobectomy is recommended for dogs with massive HCC because tumor-related mortality rate was 15.4 times higher in dogs in the nonsurgery group, compared with the surgery group. Tumor control was excellent after surgical resection with no local recurrence and a low metastatic rate. Prognostic factors were identified, but their clinical relevance was uncertain because only 9.5% of dogs in the surgery group died as a result of their disease.  相似文献   

5.
Two useful techniques for the repair of caudal sacral fractures and sacrococcygeal fractures/luxations are described. Pre- and postoperative clinical, neurological and radiological findings in 16 operated animals (13 cats and 3 dogs) were compared with findings in 17 (13 cats and 4 dogs) conservatively treated animals. In the surgically treated patients follow up findings were characterized by absence of hyperesthesia and a higher number of animals with recovered tail function. The authors suggest the use of these techniques in cases of caudal sacral fractures or sacrococcygeal fractures/luxations.  相似文献   

6.
A keratoma is a rather uncommon disorder of the equine hoof that can lead to lameness. Few quantitative data exist about the prognosis of different treatment regimens. The outcome of 41 cases that were presented to the Department of Equine Sciences in the period 1995-2001 and that were treated according to different regimens was retrospectively evaluated. All horses showed lameness that could be attributed to the keratoma: 23 (56%) were treated surgically using a standardized procedure, while the other 18 (44%) were treated conservatively. Results were based upon 35 horses; 6 were lost to follow-up. Range of recovery time for the surgically treated patients, was 2-12 months and for the conservatively treated group 2 weeks to 6 months. Of the surgically treated patients 83% (n =23) returned to the same or higher performance level as before the onset of the lameness, as opposed to 42% (n = 12) of the conservatively treated horses (p<0.05). The average hospitalization period was significanty longer for the surgically treated patients (35 vs. 5 days, p<0.05). It is concluded that surgical excision of the keratoma is the preferred treatment for horses suffering from lameness caused by a keratoma, because the better outcome outweighs the longer hospitalization and the longer overall recovery time.  相似文献   

7.
The case histories of 123 dogs with pelvic fractures are reviewed. Eighty–seven dogs were treated conservatively and 28 surgically; the management and results of treatment in each group are described and compared.  相似文献   

8.
To investigate whether arthrographic findings had any prognostic value with respect to treatment and outcome of bilateral osteochondrosis, shoulder arthrograms (n = 80) from 40 dogs with bilateral lesions were evaluated. Arthrography was performed, using 1.5 to 4 ml of a 25% solution of meglumine-sodium diatrizoate, with admixture of 0.2 mg of epinephrine. A shoulder with signs of pain and lameness was surgically treated. The contralateral shoulder was treated conservatively, and the final outcome was compared with the arthrographic findings. In 37 dogs, signs of lameness and pain were associated with a loose cartilage flap and, in 3, with a detached cartilage flap. In 2 dogs, admitted with bilateral lameness, a loose cartilage flap was detected in both shoulders. Of 12 dogs with a detectable loose cartilage flap in the contralateral shoulder joint, 6 became lame 2 to 4 months after initial surgical intervention and needed bilateral surgery. In the contralateral joint, development of thick articular cartilage over the subchondral defect or a detached cartilage flap lodged in the caudal pouch of the shoulder joint was a favorable prognostic sign. Such dogs had no signs of lameness on the contralateral side during a follow-up period that ranged from 1 to 7 years.  相似文献   

9.
OBJECTIVE: To determine long-term outcome of cats treated conservatively or surgically for peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia (PPDH). DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: 67 cats with PPDH. PROCEDURE: Medical records of cats with a diagnosis of PPDH made from 1987 through 2002 were reviewed. Information regarding long-term outcome was obtained from owners. RESULTS: Prevalences of PPDH in domestic longhair and Himalayan cats were significantly greater and prevalence of PPDH in domestic shorthair cats was significantly lower than prevalence of PPDH in the hospital cat population over the 15-year study period. Historical problems most commonly related to the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts. Peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia was the primary diagnosis in 40 cats and an incidental finding in 27 cats. One cat died prior to arrival at the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital. Thirty-seven of 66 cats were treated surgically, and 29 were treated conservatively. The postoperative mortality rate was 14%. Postoperative complications developed in 29 of 37 cats, the most common of which was hyperthermia. Two of 22 conservatively treated cats had progression of clinical signs necessitating surgical intervention or resulting in death. Owner satisfaction with treatment choice and long-term outcome was rated as very satisfied by 88% of owners of surgically treated cats and 68% of owners of conservatively treated cats. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Cats with overt clinical signs attributable to PPDH are good candidates for surgical herniorrhaphy. Postoperative complications may develop but are generally minor and self-limiting. Long-term outcome of cats treated conservatively or surgically was rated as very good by most owners.  相似文献   

10.
Five dogs with unusual muscle and tendon disorders of the forelimb are described. In one dog, mineralisation of the tendon of insertion of the supraspinatus muscle was treated surgically but lameness returned following the resumption of exercise. Of two cases of avulsion of the origin of the extensor carpi radialis muscle, one was successfully managed conservatively while the other needed surgical intervention to resolve the lameness. A single case of chronic avulsion/rupture of the tendon of insertion of the extensor carpi radialis muscle was successfully managed conservatively while a case of medial displacement of the biceps brachii tendon was surgically corrected by repair of the transverse humeral ligament. The aetiology, diagnosis and management of the above conditions is discussed.  相似文献   

11.
Between 1977 and 1992, 15 adult dogs were presented to the Universities of Bristol, Glasgow, Liverpool and London with fractures of the radial carpal bone which had occurred without a known episode of violent trauma. Eleven of the dogs were boxers and the other breeds affected were a Pharaoh hound, rottweiler, springer spaniel and a greyhound. The condition was bilateral in three cases. Eleven dogs were treated surgically by cast immobilisation (four cases), fragment removal (one case), lag screw fixation (three cases), pan-carpal arthrodesis (one case) and lag screw reduction followed by pan-carpal arthrodesis (two cases). The remaining four dogs were treated conservatively with rest and tactical use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Follow-up periods ranged from two months to 11 years. Varying degrees of lameness, which tended to be exacerbated by exercise, persisted in all cases. The radial carpal bone appears to have at least three separate centres of ossification which eventually fuse; their planes of fusion correspond approximately to the two main fracture lines. These areas of fusion could be weak points within the radial carpal bone.  相似文献   

12.
Many dogs will recover after a thoracolumbar disc protrusion whether they are treated conservatively or surgically. Two statistically similar groups of dogs submitted to the Department of Surgery, Royal Veterinary College (RVC) and to the Department of Surgery, University of Glasgow Veterinary School (UGVS) were reviewed. At the RVC an aggressive surgical policy was adopted and at the UGVS a conservative regime was followed. A comparison has been made between the two groups to evaluate the advantages of each regime. This comparison has provided the basis for a treatment protocol for cases of thoracolumbar intervertebral disc disease in the dog.  相似文献   

13.
The case histories of 34 dogs with acetabular fractures are reviewed. Twenty-one were treated surgically and 13 conservatively. A classification system for acetabular fractures is presented and the results of treatment in each group are described and discussed.  相似文献   

14.
Twenty-four cases of gastrointestinal linear foreign bodies (LFB) in cats were reviewed. Nine cats were successfully managed conservatively, with passage of the LFB occurring 1 to 3 days after presentation. Ten cats that were initially managed conservatively were subsequently treated surgically. The decision to operate was based on worsening of clinical signs and failure to pass the LFB. Five cats were initially treated surgically. The cats that were managed successfully via conservative treatment had a shorter duration of clinical signs before presentation, decreased incidence of abdominal pain and palpable intestinal plication, and less severe hematologic abnormalities. Radiographic signs were of little benefit in deciding whether to treat the cats conservatively or surgically. None of the cats died.  相似文献   

15.
Objective— To report injuries of the biceps brachii (BTI) or brachialis (BrTI) tendons of insertion in 11 racing Greyhounds.
Study Design— Case series.
Animals— Greyhounds (n=11).
Methods— Medical records (1990–2006) of racing Greyhound dogs with BTI injuries were reviewed. Preinjury, injury, and posttreatment information was obtained via trainer telephone questionnaire and individual greyhound race data. Outcomes between surgical and conservative management were compared.
Results— Dogs had elbow hyperextension, positive biceps test, and forelimb circumduction and 82% were male, whereas Queensland's male to female ratio of racing Greyhounds was almost equal. Eight dogs had right BTI injuries. Nine dogs had surgically confirmed tendon injuries: 5 combined BTI and BrTI, 2 mid-body BTI, 1 musculotendinous BTI, and 1 ulnar tuberosity avulsion fracture. Seven dogs were treated surgically (3 loop pulley sutures, single radial screw and washer, suture screws or fracture fixation in lag fashion), 2 dogs were euthanatized at surgery, 2 were rehomed and hence managed conservatively. All surgically treated dogs returned to near preinjury performance; 6 returned to racing and at least 4 won races in the same or higher grade. One conservatively managed dog returned to "pet" function. No dog reinjured its BTI or BrTI.
Conclusion— BTI and BrTI avulsions are rare acute traumatic performance injuries of racing Greyhounds.
Clinical Relevance— Preinjury racing performance can be achieved with early surgical repair of BTI and BrTI and optimal postoperative management.  相似文献   

16.
In fourteen dogs with osteochondritis dissecans of the stifle joint the lesion was found in the articular cartilage of the medial condyle of the femur in six and the lateral condyle in eight. Both stifle joints were affected in eight dogs and in two of these, both Wolfhounds, the shoulder joints were also affected. Ten dogs were treated surgically and three by conservative means. The results of treatment are discussed.  相似文献   

17.
Idiopathic chronic penile protrusion was diagnosed in six dogs during a seven year period. All cases were treated surgically by using cranial advancement of the prepuce. The surgical technique was successful in four dogs, while the remaining two developed recurrence. In one of the latter cases, partial penile amputation was performed to correct the recurrent protrusion. Five dogs were available for follow-up clinical examination and all were found to be normal.  相似文献   

18.
A series of 25 horses with olecranon fractures are reviewed. Twenty-one cases were treated surgically by the application of a tension band plate to the caudal aspect of the ulna. Seventy six per cent of these regained full limb function. The results of treatment are compared with two other series of conservatively and surgically treated cases.  相似文献   

19.
Twenty-four dogs with nasal aspergillosis were treated with enilconazole (10 mg/kg bid for 7–14 days) administered topically through tubes surgically implanted into the nasal chambers. Aspergillosis was eliminated in 19 dogs over a median follow-up period of 18 months. Another dog died, but at necropsy there was no evidence of causative fungus. Two of the four dogs that were not cured had infection of periorbital soft tissues. An additional seven dogs received 6 weeks ketoconazole (5 mg/kg bid PO) and enilconazole therapy topically. Six of these dogs were disease-free over a median follow-up period of 35 months. The seventh dog responded to repeated treatment with enilconazole. Twenty-six of the 29 dogs (90%)without extranasal aspergillosis were cured.  相似文献   

20.
The records of all dogs surgically treated for perianal fistulae during a S-year period were reviewed. The findings indicated that perianal fistulae occur predominantly in middle aged, intact male German shepherd dogs. The dogs were treated by superficial surgical excision of the involved skin, anorectal mucosa, and anal sacculectomy. Deeper fistulous tracts were flushed two to three times weekly with 10% Lugol's solution until healed by granulation. Fecal incontinence, the most common postoperative complication, was seen initially in 20% of cases. Fifty per cent of these animals regained fecal continence by the sixth month postoperatively, at which time they were considered acceptable house pets. The complication rate with this treatment regimen was less than that reported for techniques in which all diseased tissue is surgically excised.  相似文献   

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