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1.
In recent years, intensive attention has been put on improving reproductive performance of pigs. Several experiments aimed to identify markers associated with prolificacy, but this issue still remains open. In our study, we investigated associations between polymorphisms in IGF2, GNAS and MC4R genes with reproductive traits of Polish Landrace and Large White pigs. We did not find any significant associations for g. GNAS314T > 324C, IGF2 intron3‐g.3072G > A or g. MC4R 1426G > A in Polish Landrace and Large White pigs. In the case of IGF2 intron3‐g.3072G > A, this information is of great importance, because this marker is widely implemented in pigs breeding and previous experiments suggested its role in prolificacy of pigs. We also investigated expression of IGF2 gene and showed that this gene is monoallelically expressed in reproductive organs (ovary and cornus uteri).  相似文献   

2.
Porcine leptin gene (LEP) and its association with production traits was analysed in the Polish Large White (PLW, n = 135), Polish Landrace (PL, n = 120) and synthetic line 990 (L990, n = 184). Two fragments of exon 3 of LEP were studied with the use of RFLP and SSCP techniques. The frequencies of C allele for the T3469C polymorphic site were 0.11, 0.10 and 0.11 in PLW, PL and L990, respectively. Phenotypic data were collected for the average daily weight gain, the feed conversion ratio, the weight of abdominal fat, backfat thickness (five measurements), intramuscular fat, meat content, loin weight, loin muscle area, ham weight and ham cut weight. The contrasts between TT and TC genotypes at the T3469C polymorphic site were estimated in the unitrait Animal Model with genotype at the RYR1 locus included. The lowest p values occurred for association test between T3469C polymorphism and intramuscular fat content in PLW (0.26 ± 0.14%, p = 0.05) and loin weight in L990 (?0.32 ± 0.13 kg, p = 0.01). We conclude that the detected associations are population‐specific and the analysed polymorphism of the LEP gene does not contribute directly to genetic variability of growth and carcass traits in pigs.  相似文献   

3.
Variation at the porcine DECR1 and ME1 genes has been associated with meat quality traits and backfat thickness in Landrace pigs, respectively. However, it has not been investigated yet whether DECR1 and ME1 genotypes influence lipid composition. With this aim, we have genotyped two missense DECR1 substitutions (c.160G>C and c.437G>C) and one silent ME1 (c.576C>T) polymorphism in 361 Duroc barrows distributed in five half‐sib families and phenotyped for serum lipid concentrations and intramuscular fat content and composition traits. At the whole‐population level, relevant associations, that is, with a posterior probability of the allele substitution effect to be over or below zero (PPN0) > 0.90, were observed between DECR1 genotype and serum cholesterol (CHOL) (PPN0 = 0.932) and LDL concentrations (PPN0 = 0.945) at 190 days, as well as between ME1 genotype and longissimus dorsi saturated fatty acid content (PPN0 = 0.924). At the within‐family level, we found relevant associations between DECR1 and ME1 genotypes and diverse lipid composition traits, but most of them were family‐specific. Discrepancies in allele substitution effects estimated in half‐sib families might be produced by many factors such as number of individuals, marker allele frequencies and informativeness in each family, unaccounted random genetic and environmental effects, epistasis and family‐specific differences in the linkage phase or amount of linkage disequilibrium between causal and marker mutations. This lack of consistency across families, combined with the fact that the ME1 mutation is synonymous and that the two DECR1 polymorphisms are conservative, suggests that the associations found are not causative.  相似文献   

4.
IGF2‐in3‐G3072A is a causative mutation for paternally expressed quantitative trait loci on the p arm of porcine chromosome 2 with substantial effect on muscle growth and backfat thickness. The linkage disequilibrium between IGF2‐in3‐G3072A and IGF2‐in7‐G162C (IGF2‐NciI) in four breeds and associations between these polymorphisms and growth and meat performance in pigs of the Large White breed were analysed. A significant effect of these polymorphisms on backfat thickness and lean meat content was found. In addition, we identified two new single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in intron 7 of the gene. The existence of complete linkage disequilibrium between IGF2‐in3‐G3072A locus in the population under study where the locus segregated and SNPs in intron 7 of the IGF2 gene detectable with simple and reliable polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism techniques (G162C, C179G and G186T) offer possibilities to use these SNPs for genotyping of quantitative trait nucleotide in Large White and Landrace breeds.  相似文献   

5.
Indigenous Okinawa Agu pigs are crossed with Large White × Landrace (WL) pigs to improve their meat production, but there is little information regarding the crossbreeding effects. The study aims to compare growth, carcass characteristics, and meat qualities of Agu pigs with those of WL crossbreeds with Agu sires (WLA) or Duroc sires (WLD). WLA pigs showed better growth performance and carcass characteristics and less intramuscular fat (IMF) contents than Agu ones, but they had higher fat deposition, smaller longissimus dorsi muscle area, and higher IMF contents than WLD pigs. Agu pigs showed higher water holding capacity than the other two breeds. The inner layer of Agu backfat contains higher and lower proportions of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), respectively, than that in WLD animals. WLA animals had intermediate values for the fatty acid content in the inner backfat, although MUFA contents were equal to those of Agu pigs. Fatty acid profiles in IMF were similar to those in the backfat. These results indicate that crossbreeding of Agu with WL pigs improves growth performance and carcass quality. Particularly, WLA pigs have higher IMF contents and MUFA concentrations and lower PUFA concentrations than WLD pigs.  相似文献   

6.
NREP (neuronal regeneration related protein homolog) plays a role in the transformation of neural, muscle, and fibroblast cells and in smooth muscle myogenesis. The NREP gene was selected for detailed study as an expressional and functional candidate gene on the basis of data from the expression microarray, which detected the differences in gene expression between Czech Large White pigs and wild boars in the longissimus lumborum et thoracis and biceps femoris muscle tissues. Quantitative real-time PCR results confirmed that porcine NREP was expressed in both skeletal muscles and significantly overexpressed in Czech Large White pigs compared with wild boars (14.5- and 11.6-fold; p < .05). We identified 9 polymorphic sites in the genomic DNA of NREP. Six of these polymorphisms were in complete linkage disequilibrium, and therefore, only 4 loci were informative. The associations of the HF571253:g.103G>A, HF571253:g.134G>A, HF571253:g.179T>C and HF571253:g.402_409delT polymorphisms with backfat thickness, lean meat content and average daily gain were assessed in Czech Large White pigs. The GG genotypes HF571253:g.103G>A and HF571253:g.134G>A, the TT genotypes HF571253:g.179T>C and 67 HF571253:g.402_409delT genotypes had favourable effects on the studied traits. Our results indicate the possibility of utilizing the variability of the NREP gene in marker-assisted selection in order to improve meat production in pigs.  相似文献   

7.
试验旨在寻找不同品种猪的差异表达基因,并对其遗传效应进行初步分析。应用抑制消减杂交技术获得了在梅山猪、长白猪和大白猪中差异表达的肌肉糖原磷酸化酶(glycogen phosphorylase,muscle form,PYGM)基因及其全长cDNA序列,序列分析结果表明,猪PYGM基因编码842个氨基酸,与人、牛、狗、小鼠、大鼠和羊的氨基酸序列具有96%、97%、96%、96%、96%和97%的相似性,而且该基因在各组织中表达量均很高。通过序列比对发现,在3′非翻译区(3′UTR)125 bp处存在1个突变。利用PCR-RFLP方法,在大白猪、梅山猪、长白纯种猪和170头大白×梅山F2代资源家系中检测了该突变位点的多态性并进行性状关联分析,结果表明,该位点的多态性与瘦肉率、骨率、肥肉率、平均背膘厚、眼肌面积、胴体长显著相关,尤其是活体瘦肉率AA基因型(大白猪、长白猪优势基因)比BB基因型(梅山猪优势基因)高3%,肥肉率低5%,与外来猪种瘦肉率显著高于本地猪的性状表现是一致的。因此,猪PYGM基因125 bp位点可能是一个潜在的分子标记辅助常规育种位点。  相似文献   

8.
为优化母猪繁殖效率,探究妊娠期不同背膘厚对母猪繁殖性能和分娩产程的影响,本研究以广西某公司2 969头大白母猪和1 787头长白母猪为试验群体,收集2017年1月至2017年10月妊娠期3个阶段(妊娠30、80和107 d)背膘厚与分娩接产记录数据,分析背膘厚与分娩产程、总产仔数、产活仔数和初生窝重等性状的关系。研究结果表明,大白母猪分娩产程时间显著短于长白母猪(P<0.05),大白母猪总产仔数、产活仔数和初生窝重显著优于长白母猪(P<0.05)。在妊娠30 d时,背膘厚在18～20 mm组的大白母猪总产仔数和产活仔数最高,且初生窝重最大;背膘厚在18～20 mm组的长白母猪总产仔数和产活仔数最高。在妊娠80 d时,背膘厚≥20 mm组的大白母猪总产仔数和产活仔数最高,且初生窝重最大、产程最短;背膘厚在16～18 mm组的长白母猪总产仔数和产活仔数最高,且初生窝重较高、母猪产程较短。在妊娠107 d时,背膘厚在14～16 mm组的大白母猪总产仔数和产活仔数最高,且初生窝重最大,但母猪产程与其他组差异不显著(P>0.05);背膘厚≥20 mm组的长白母猪总产仔数和产活仔数最高,且初生窝重较大。妊娠期背膘厚减少1～2 mm的大白母猪,其总产仔数和产活仔数最高,初生窝重较小,产程较长。而背膘厚减少>2 mm的长白母猪,其总产仔数和产活仔数最高,初生窝重较大,产程较短。上述试验结果说明,在母猪妊娠期间,合适的背膘厚可有效提高母猪繁殖性能和母猪分娩期间的福利水平。养殖场可以根据营养配方和猪群品种建立背膘数据库,通过精准饲喂将母猪背膘厚调整至最佳范围,同时合理控制妊娠期背膘变化。  相似文献   

9.
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10.
Protein proteolytic enzymes (Proprotein Convertase, PC) is a Ca2+‐dependent serine protease family, whose main function is to cleave precursors of biologically inactive proteins or peptide chains into active functional molecules. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 1 (PCSK1) gene is mainly expressed in nerve and endocrine tissues. In this study, PCSK1 was selected as an important candidate gene for abdominal fat content in broilers. We cloned the exon region of chicken PCSK1 gene and found six single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Association analysis was carried out and we found that the polymorphisms of these six SNPs were significantly associated with abdominal fat content in G19 and G20 populations. Five of these SNPs were significantly associated with abdominal fat content in G19 and G20 combined population. The polymorphism of these five SNPs was significantly correlated with the abdominal fat content of AA broilers. Together, our study demonstrated that c.927T>C, c.1880C>T, c.*900G>A, and c.*1164C>T were significantly associated with abdominal fat content in populations used in this study, which means that these SNPs in PCSK1 gene could be used as candidate markers to select lean broiler lines.  相似文献   

11.
The susceptibility of a carcass to PSE (pale, soft, exudative muscle) can be assessed by measuring the pH value in the lumbar region of the longissimus dorsi muscle at 45 min post-mortem (pH1). The effect of breed, station, sex and season on pH1 was investigated, on a total of 2 775 pig records, including the progeny of 129 Irish Landrace and 126 Large White boars, from two test stations. The heritability of pH1 and its genetic correlation with other performance characteristics were determined within each breed. Landrace pigs had significantly lower values than Large White pigs, indicating a greater susceptibility to PSE in the former. There was no significant difference between the values for boars, castrates and females. There were marked differences from month to month, but no definite seasonal pattern was present nor was there any apparent long-term trend. The heritability for the Landrace breed was higher than that for the Large White breed, and both values indicate that pH1 would respond to selection. The genetic correlations between pH1 and daily gain, food conversion efficiency and backfat (four measurements) were for the most part low and the standard errors relatively high, indicating that there was no strong relationships between pH1 and these performance characteristics.  相似文献   

12.
Higher average daily gain, more lean meat yield and less fat yield of porcine carcass increase selling profits for animal producers. Myostatin (MSTN), previously called GDF8, is a member of transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) superfamily. It is a negative regulator for both embryonic development and adult homeostasis of skeletal muscle. In this study, the genotypes of the previously described SNPs MSTN g.435G>A and g.447A>G SNPs in 66 Duroc pigs, 33 Landrace pigs, 180 Duroc × Landrace (DL) pigs and 155 Duroc × Yorkshire × Landrace (DYL) pigs were determined by Taqman SNP Genotyping Assays. For Duroc and Landrace pigs, MSTN g.435GG/g.447AA individual had greater backfat thickness (p < 0.05) than g.435AA/g.447GG individual, whereas MSTN g.435AA/g.447GG had greater meat (p < 0.05) and meat percentage (p < 0.05) than g.435GA/g.447AG individual. For DL and DYL pigs, the MSTN g.435GG/g.447AA animals were greater in backfat at ultrasound 10th rib (p < 0.05) and carcass 10th rib (p < 0.01) than g.435AA/g.447GG individual. The MSTN g.435AA/g.447GG individual also had higher values than g.435GG/g.447AA for anterior‐end meat (p < 0.05), posterior‐end meat (p < 0.01), total meat weight (p < 0.01) and meat percentage (p < 0.01). This study confirmed evidence that MSTN g.435G>A and g.447A>G affected carcass traits in pigs. The effects of the mutated alleles were additive with the maximal effects resulting from two copies of the mutated allele. Selection for MSTN g.435A/g.447G allele is expected to increase muscle of limb and total meat production and decrease backfat thickness.  相似文献   

13.
Three levels (0, 1 and 2%) of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) were combined with two levels (low and high) of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) for pig feeding. Productive, carcass and meat quality traits were studied. Large White ♂ × Landrace × Large White ♀ gilts (n = 288) weighting 70 kg were randomly allotted to 6 different feeding treatments and fed to a final average weight of 107 kg. Loins were taken from 48 animals (8 animals randomly selected from each treatment). No differences due to dietary CLA, MUFA or CLA × MUFA interaction were found on average daily gain, average daily consumption, feed conversion ratio, carcass yield, backfat thickness, loin weight, loin pH and loin colour. A significant increase in intramuscular fat content (p = 0.010) and in saturated fatty acids (SFA) (p < 0.001), and a decrease in MUFA (p = 0.001) and desaturase indices were found as consequence of dietary CLA, regardless the MUFA level. Therefore, dietary CLA, MUFA and their interaction did not influence productive and carcass traits of pigs. However, the use of CLA for swine feeding increased the intramuscular fat content and modified the fatty acid profile, regardless the MUFA level of the diets.  相似文献   

14.
The allelic frequencies of PRKAG3 gene (the RN gene) have been investigated in several pig breeds. R200Q mutation appear only in Hampshire pigs, whereas V199I mutation is most abundant in Iberian, Porco Celta or Bizaro, and less in breeds selected for muscularity as Duroc, Landrace and Pietrain. A thorough study of phenotypic effects of V1991 has been performed in a Duroc × Landrace‐Large White cross. 199I homozygous pigs show increased pH24 values in ham homogenates and loin (0.14 and 0.16 pH units, respectively) compared to 199V homozygous ones. Meat of 199I homozygous pigs exudates 42.6% less fluid and is darker (2.46 ‘L’‐value units). 199I homozygous pigs are fatter (4.2 mm more backfat thickness) and contain less muscle mass in ham (1.0 percentage points) and shoulder (2.7 percentage points), than 199V homozygous ones. 199I homozygous pigs contain 7.3% less protein in the belly and 8.5% more fat in shoulder muscle mass than 199V homozygous pigs. 199I homozygous pigs have also superior functional properties: better gelling (22.8% larger G′ value) and emulsion capacities (14 percentage points less of total exuded fluid), and higher curing yield in the belly (6 percentage points more). These data support the adipogenic character of the V199I mutation. The advantages and disadvantages of selecting any of the two PRKAG3 alleles for position 199 are discussed.  相似文献   

15.
Nucleotide‐binding domain, leucine‐rich‐containing family, pyrin‐domain containing‐3 (NLRP3) is an important pattern recognition receptor involved in various inflammatory responses and adjuvant effects upon vaccination. We previously identified the Q969R (A2906G) gain‐of‐function polymorphism in porcine NLRP3, which increased production of interleukin‐1β in in vitro gene transfection experiments. Here, we explored the associations between the A2906G polymorphism and antibody responses after vaccination against bacteria in Large White pigs maintained under specific pathogen‐free conditions. The NLRP3‐2906A/G pigs had a greater antibody response to vaccine antigens than NLRP3‐2906A/A pigs. We observed a significant association of the antibody response against Haemophilus parasuis serotype 2 and 5 with NLRP3 genotypes. As the A2906G polymorphism in NLRP3 is widely distributed in commercial pig breeds, Landrace, Large White and Berkshire pigs, there is potential for improvement in vaccine efficiency and disease resistance using this polymorphism in various pig populations.  相似文献   

16.
A total of 567 young pigs entering one of the national testing stations were tested for sensitivity to halothane between October 1976 and May 1978. They included 443 Landrace, 76 Large White and 48 Irish Welsh. The average weight at testing was 25.6 kg. A total of 24 pigs reacted positively to the test, 21 (4.6%) of the Landrace and 3 (6.3%) of the Irish Welsh. No reactors were found in the Large White breed.Meat quality estimates in the form of the pH in the longissimus dorsi muscle 45 min post-mortem (pH1) were recorded on the 324 slaughtered pigs. Reactor pigs (ten) had significantly lower values than non-reactors, indicating a greater tendency to develop quality problems such as pale, soft, exudative (PSE) meat. There was an indication that reactor pigs might have slightly reduced daily gains and lower backfat thickness.  相似文献   

17.
Impact of MYOD family genes on pork traits in Large White and Landrace pigs   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
Summary Porcine myogenic differentiation genes ( MYOD ) family play a key role in growth and muscle development and are therefore considered as candidate genes for meat production traits. The objective of the study was to investigate the polymorphisms at four loci belonging to the MYOD genes family and analyse their associations with variation in meat production traits in Czech pig breeds. To verify the associations between the polymorphisms and the selected meat traits, altogether 254 pigs, including full- and half-sibs, of Large White and Landrace breeds were tested. The studied meat characteristics were weight of neck, loin, shoulder and ham, lean meat content (LMC), backfat thickness, intramuscular fat (IMF), remission, dry matter content and test daily gain. Statistically significant associations were observed between MYOG gene and fat and neck weight, and between MYF5 gene and IMF and LMC. High significant differences were observed between genotypes AA and AB of MYOD1 in IMF and between genotypes AB and BB of MYF5 in loin weight.  相似文献   

18.
In our previous study, we detected a QTL for the oleic acid percentage (C18:1) on BTA9 in Japanese Black cattle through a genome‐wide association study (GWAS). In this study, we performed whole‐genome resequencing on eight animals with higher and lower C18:1 to identify candidate polymorphisms for the QTL. A total of 39,658 polymorphisms were detected in the candidate region, which were narrowed to 1993 polymorphisms within 23 genes based on allele differences between the high and low C18:1 groups. We subsequently selected three candidate genes, that is, CYB5R4, MED23, and VNN1, among the 23 genes based on their function in fatty acid metabolism. In each candidate gene, three SNPs, that is, CYB5R4 c.*349G > T, MED23 c.3700G > A, and VNN1 c.197C > T, were selected as candidate SNPs to verify their effect on C18:1 in a Japanese Black cattle population (n = 889). The statistical analysis showed that these SNPs were significantly associated with C18:1 (p < 0.05), suggesting that they were candidates for the QTL. In conclusion, we successfully narrowed the candidates for the QTL by detecting possible polymorphisms located within the candidate region. It is expected that the responsible polymorphism can be identified by demonstrating their effect on the gene's function.  相似文献   

19.
本研究旨在分析蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶-1B(PTP-1B)基因部分SNP与猪脂肪沉积性状的关联性。选取国外瘦肉型猪种大约克夏16头、长白猪21头和中国脂肪型地方猪种梅山猪22头以及"大白×梅山"F2代资源家系213头为研究材料,利用PCR-Eco88I-RFLP方法检测PTP-1B基因第7内含子序列存在G/A突变的多态性,并进行方差分析。结果表明,大白和长白猪种为单一的A等位基因,而梅山猪种以杂合子GA基因型为主,对213头"大白×梅山"F2代资源家系进行性状关联分析,该位点与猪板油质量、内脂率、胸腰椎间背膘厚等脂肪沉积性状显著相关(P<0.05),且杂合子GA基因型个体的板油质量和内酯率都最低(GA基因型个体相似文献   

20.
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