共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 304 毫秒
1.
SO2是污染空气和水源最重要的一种有害气体,由SO2导致的酸雨严重影响植物及农作物的生长,对农业生产造成极大的危害。植物亚硫酸氧化酶（Sulfite Oxidase）广泛存在于植物细胞中,可以催化胞内亚硫酸盐向硫酸盐的转变,被认为参与了SO2及其亚硫酸根离子的解毒及代谢反应。本文对植物亚硫酸氧化酶基因、酶蛋白结构及其功能等方面的研究进展进行了综述。 相似文献
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绿色植物在改善环境方面的效应初探 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
李雷鹏 《东北林业大学学报》2002,30(3):63-64
阐述了二氧化硫（SO2）、氟化氢（HF）、氯气（C12）等有害气体对人和植物的危害，并例举了抗性植物对大气污染的净化能力及园林绿地对环境的防治、除尘效应。 相似文献
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通过建立过程分解模型研究中国工业SO2、烟尘以及粉尘的产生量、处理率与经济发展之间的动态演进关系。结果表明,工业SO2、烟尘以及工业粉尘的产生量与GDP之间有正相关关系,其处理率与GDP之间呈现多重倒S型曲线关系。对污染物排放量影响因子的分析结果表明,规模效应促使污染物产生量增加,技术效应不仅可以减少污染物产生量还可以提高污染物处理率,另外,环境政策、管理方式以及员工素质都对污染物的排放量有一定影响。 相似文献
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调查了宁波市某工业区某化肥厂的空气污染状况,测得该地区空气污染物主要为SO2和NOx,在调查期间晴天测得SO2和NO2的最高浓度分别为0.164 mg/m3 和0.120 mg/m3,达到国家三级标准;阴雨天测得SO2和NO2的最高浓度分别为0.326mg/m3和0.186mg/m3,超过了国家最高允许浓度标准,表明该地区污染情况受到气候的影响,晴天的污染情况良好,但阴雨天污染较为严重.同时还调查了化肥厂附近园林植物的生长状况,雪松、柳杉和杜英等6种园林绿化植物的抗污染性较弱,木槿、垂柳、桑树、白玉兰等12种园林绿化植物的抗污染性较强;夹竹桃、香樟、桧柏、罗汉松等18种园林绿化植物的抗污染性强. 相似文献
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随着生猪养殖标准化规模化比重的提高,生猪养殖过程中氨气（NH3）和硫化氢（H2S）等恶臭气体的产量也明显提高,养殖场恶臭气体不仅会污染空气,还会对养殖场周边的居民产生影响。养殖企业一度被恶臭气体所困扰,也正因如此,养殖场和研究单位越来越关注恶臭气体污染物的处理。为了减少猪场恶臭气体对环境和周边居民的影响,降低周边居民的投诉率,实现生猪养殖绿色环保、可持续发展,猪场实施臭气处理是十分必要的。为了给猪场生产过程中恶臭气体污染物处理工艺的选择提供依据,在已有研究的基础上结合生产实际,对已有治理技术的优势和劣势展开分析。首先分析了猪场恶臭气体的来源及危害,而后针对恶臭气体的来源、恶臭气体污染物质及治理机理,依次从源头减量、过程控制和末端治理给出了猪场恶臭气体污染物的处理对策。 相似文献
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水稻田间开顶式SO2熏气装置 总被引：6，自引：3，他引：3
根据水稻田间熏气试验中需要考虑和控制的熏气条件,设计并制作开顶式熏气装置.利用复合式气体检测仪检测熏气箱内不同监测点的SO2浓度,分析监测数据之间的关系,检验熏气箱内浓度的差异性.结果表明,设计的开顶式熏气装置进行熏气实验时,在120 cm以下每一个高度范围内SO2浓度检测点的标准差小于1,变异系数小于10%,均为弱度变异.以此熏气装置来研究人工控制条件下大气污染物SO2对水稻的影响是可行的. 相似文献
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发动机尾气主要是指从排气管排出的废气，废气中含有150～200种不同的化合物，其中对人危害最大的污染物有一氧化碳、碳氢化合物、氮氧化合物，此外还有微粒、硫化物、铅、磷及醛等。尾气中的有害气体不仅对人产生危害，扩散到空气中造成空气污染，而且对植物也有毒害作用。 相似文献
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SO2是一类典型的大气污染物,当其超过一定阈值时,植物的生理特性指标如超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、可溶性糖、游离脯氨酸等物质将会增加,从而引起枝叶甚至植株死亡。但迄今为止,其相关研究存在一定的局限性,主要包括:研究工作主要集中在植物地上部分,对植物地下部分的研究较少;多数是集中时间内模拟SO2胁迫的单独观察,缺少长期受污染状态下遗传后代发生变异的系统综合分析;针对某种植物的独立分析较多,与近缘种的比较研究较少;植物对伤害反应研究较多,对适应性的研究较少。为进一步系统阐明SO2胁迫机制,应注重警示植物的开发与群落应用,将其用于监视环境的变化;注重抗性强植物的选育,以提高城市植物的抗污能力。 相似文献
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Laboratory measurements of foliar uptake of sulfur dioxide and ozone by red kidney beans demonstrated a strong effect of relative humidity on internal pollutant dose. Foliar uptake was enhanced two- to threefold for sulfur dioxide and three- to fourfold for ozone by an increase in relative humidity from 35 to 75 percent. For the same exposure concentration, vegetation growing in humid areas (such as the eastern United States) may experience a significantly greater internal flux of pollutants than that in more arid regions. 相似文献
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The first extensive measurements by remote-sensing correlation spectrometry of the sulfur dioxide emitted by volcanic plumes indicate that on the order of 10(3) metric tons of sulfur dioxide gas enter the atmosphere daily from Central American volcanoes. Extrapolation gives a minimum estimate of the annual amount of sulfur dioxide emitted from the world's volcanoes of about 10(7) metric tons. 相似文献
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以贴梗海棠和大叶黄杨为试材,研究经SO2胁迫后,其生理生化的变化,结果表明,SO2处理使贴梗海棠和大叶黄杨O2-速率、MDA含量、细胞膜相对透性均增加,而且贴梗海棠的增加比率比大叶黄杨大,且随SO2质量浓度的增加,这3个指标的增加比率均呈升高趋势;经SO2处理后,贴梗海棠和大叶黄杨的SOD和POD活性均上升,抗性植物的升高比率大于敏感植物,随SO2质量浓度的增加,SOD和POD活性的增加比率升高,脱离熏气后,POD活性均经一个应激上升过程随后下降,且抗性植物大叶黄杨出现应激反应早于贴梗海棠;经SO2处理后,贴梗海棠和大叶黄杨的CAT活性下降,且随SO2质量浓度的增加下降比率增加。 相似文献
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The ultimate sink for many air pollutants is unknown. Data are presented here in support of the idea that reaction with soil, through microbial or chemical means, can remove ethylene, other hydrocarbons, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide from the air. 相似文献
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Leaderer BP 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1982,218(4577):1113-1115
Air pollutant emissions from portable convective and radiant kerosene space heaters were measured in an environmental chamber. Emission factors for nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and oxygen depletion are presented. The data suggest that the use of such heaters in residences can result in exposures to air pollutants in excess of ambient air quality standards and in some cases in excess of occupational health standards. 相似文献
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Hawaiian plants exposed to volcanic sulfur dioxide showed interspecific differences in leaf injury that are related to sulfur dioxide-induced changes in stomatal condutance. Species with leaves that did not close stomata developed either chlorosis or necrosis, whereas leaves of Metrosideros collina closed stomata and showed no visual symptoms of sulfur dioxide stress. 相似文献
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Tobacco plants displayed ozone-type injury when exposed to mixtures of ozone and sulfur dioxide at subthreshold concentrations. The syndrome suggests synergism between ozone and sulfur dioxide that lowers thresholds to injury; exposure to the individual gases at the mixed-gas concentrations caused no symptoms. 相似文献
18.
Sighting of el chichon sulfur dioxide clouds with the nimbus 7 total ozone mapping spectrometer 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Krueger AJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1983,220(4604):1377-1379
The eruptions of El Chichón volcano on 28 March and 3 and 4 April 1982 were observed by the Nimbus 7 total ozone mapping spectrometer due to strong absorption by volcanic gases at the shortest wavelengths of the spectrometer (312.5 and 317.5 nanometers). These ultraviolet pictures permit a measurement of the volume, dispersion, and drift of volcanic gas clouds. The tropospheric clouds were rapidly dispersed in westerly winds while persistent stratospheric clouds drifted in easterly winds at speeds up to 13 meters per second. The spectral reflectance is consistent with sulfur dioxide absorption and rules out carbon disulfide as a major constituent. A preliminary estimate of the mass of sulfur dioxide deposited in the stratosphere by the large eruptions on 3 and 4 April is 3.3 x 10(6) tons. Prior estimates of volcanic cloud volume were based on extrapolation of locally measured sulfur dioxide concentrations. 相似文献
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Gas emissions and the eruptions of mount st. Helens through 1982 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Casadevall T Rose W Gerlach T Greenland LP Ewert J Wunderman R Symonds R 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1983,221(4618):1383-1385
The monitoring of gas emissions from Mount St. Helens includes daily airborne measurements of sulfur dioxide in the volcanic plume and monthly sampling of gases from crater fumaroles. The composition of the fumarolic gases has changed slightly since 1980: the water content increased from 90 to 98 percent, and the carbon dioxide concentrations decreased from about 10 to 1 percent. The emission rates of sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide were at their peak during July and August 1980, decreased rapidly in late 1980, and have remained low and decreased slightly through 1981 and 1982. These patterns suggest steady outgassing of a single batch of magma (with a volume of not less than 0.3 cubic kilometer) to which no significant new magma has been added since mid-1980. The gas data were useful in predicting eruptions in August 1980 and June 1981. 相似文献