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1.
对青海湖流域植被净初级生产力(Net Primary Productivity,NPP)以及驱动因子进行分析可以为流域生态管理与可持续发展提供一定的参考。本研究基于Carnegie-Ames-Stanford Approach(CASA)模型估算了青海湖流域NPP值，通过趋势分析、Hurst指数、地理探测器等方法，定量评估了2000—2018年青海湖流域NPP的动态变化及驱动因子。结果表明：从空间分布来看，青海湖流域多年平均植被NPP为218.88 g C·m-2，年平均NPP的高值分布在青海湖北部和南部，最高达到375.85 g C·m-2，低值分布在青海湖东岸，最低为0.11 g C·m-2。从时间变化看，2000—2018年流域年平均NPP表现为上升趋势，增幅为1.61 g C·m-2·a-1,2018年达最高值为247.30 g C·m-2。季节变化表明7月NPP最高，1月NPP最低。在NPP未来变化趋势上，Hurst指数小于0.5的区域占比为75... 相似文献
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基于MODIS NPP、EVI遥感影像，采用MVC法、一元线性回归法与Pearson相关分析法，探讨天山北坡昌吉州草地植被时空动态及其对同期气温、降水的响应。结果表明：2000—2020年，草地植被NPP、EVI均为跃动式显著递增，2016年后呈逐年递减；NPP、EVI多年均值为0.095 kg C·m-2、0.186；相较于2000年(NPP=0.077 kg C·m-2、EVI=0.166),2020年NPP(0.099 kg C·m-2)、EVI(0.194)分别增长了28.57%、16.87%。草地NPP空间异质性显著增加并呈扩大趋势，EVI空间差异逐年递增，变化范围分别为0.038 kg C·m-2(NPP)、0.059(EVI)。在空间上，NPP、EVI多年平均分布具有差异；总体上，NPP、EVI随海拔升高而增加，但绿洲边缘、古尔班通古特沙漠南缘分布有高位EVI，面积占比65.01%的NPP与21.93%的EVI显著递增。9种草地类型植被NPP、EVI与降水呈显著正相关的面积占比远大于同... 相似文献
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水分利用效率(WUE)是衡量植物光合固碳和水分消耗之间权衡关系的重要指标。研究区域植被WUE的时空变化特征对区域生态恢复、水资源的合理利用与开发等方面至关重要。本研究基于MODIS的GPP和ET数据评估2000—2019年盐池县植被WUE的时空变化特征及其主要的影响因子。结果表明：(1)2000—2019年盐池县的ET和GPP分别以7.61 mm·a-1和7.23 g C·m-2·a-1的速率显著增加,空间上呈西北高东南低的分布特征,具有较强的空间异质性。(2)近20 a,盐池县植被WUE变化范围在0.80～1.11 g C·kg-1·H2O之间,多年均值为0.91 g C·kg-1·H2O,年际变化不显著;从空间上来看,全县WUE存在较强的异质性,高值主要分布在东北部,低值位于西南部。(3)近20 a,宁夏盐池县WUE在空间上有54.70%的区域呈上升趋势,主要分布在东北部;45.30%的区域以下降趋势为主。未来,盐池县61.48%... 相似文献
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为了定量评估北京奥运绿化工程改善生态环境的效果,在北京城区各主要公园绿地林木普查和叶面积指数观测及气象观测数据的基础上,修正模型参数建立适用的BEPS模型,利用年降水量相差不大的2004和2009年TM遥感数据估算北京城区植被NPP空间分布。结果表明,北京奥运绿化工程取得了显著效果,2004年与2009年相比,北京城区植被年NPP总量由2.71×1011g C·a-1增长到3.05×1011g C·a-1,年NPP均值由83.18g C·m-2a-1上升到93.39g C·m-2a-1;年NPP在0~100g C·m-2a-1范围的面积比例由53.61%下降到42.72%,而在100~200g C·m-2a-1范围的面积比例由20.98%上升到33.49%。城区各大公园林地的年NPP数值较高,植树造林是补偿因城市扩展导致NPP损失的最重要途径。 相似文献
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荒漠植被是河西走廊绿洲生态安全防护的重要屏障,研究荒漠植被组成及土壤养分分布特征对于荒漠—绿洲过渡带荒漠植被建设及管理有重要意义。本研究基于大量野外调查,并使用传统统计学与地统计学方法,研究了河西走廊中段及巴丹吉林沙漠南缘荒漠植被组成及土壤养分特征,并解析了其与环境因子的相关关系。结果表明：河西走廊中段及巴丹吉林沙漠西南缘荒漠区植物组成单一,多样性较低,且植物种类集中在少数科中,出现频度高的植物均为红砂(Reaumuria songarica)和白刺(Nitraria tangutorum)等典型荒漠植物。草本植物分布与年均降水量有较强相关性,研究区最南端的山丹县草本生物量达到108.01 g·m-2,在一定年降水量区间,灌木生物量随降水增加而增加,最高值出现在靠近祁连山北坡的肃州区,为134.03 g·m-2;降水量的增加,会显著促进草本植物的生长。研究区表层土壤有机碳、总氮、总磷含量最高,其平均值分别为2.12 g·kg-1、0.25 g·kg-1、0.41 g·kg-1,... 相似文献
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为探讨气候变化背景下,黄土高原半干旱区马铃薯生育期气象要素的变化规律及其对马铃薯生长发育的影响,本研究基于黄土高原半干旱区定位观测试验,结合气象要素观测资料,研究了半干旱区马铃薯产量对气候变化的响应。结果表明,1960—2020年61 a间,马铃薯生育期气温和积温显著升高,气候倾向率分别为0.32℃·10a-1和48.14℃·10a-1(P<0.01);降水量波动减少,气候倾向率为3.97 mm·10a-1(P<0.05);日照时数显著减少,气候倾向率为10.92 h·10a-1(P<0.05)。但2005—2020年16 a间,马铃薯生育期气温显著下降,气候倾向率为-0.54℃·10a-1(P<0.01),各生育时期气温均呈下降趋势,其中块茎膨大～成熟期气温下降最明显,气候倾向率为-1.18℃·10a-1,通过0.01水平显著性检验;马铃薯生育期降水量增加显著,气候倾向率为13.89 mm·10a-1(P&l... 相似文献
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利用CASA模型（Carnegie-Ames-Stanford Approach）模拟石羊河流域2000—2020年植被净初级生产力（NPP），分析流域NPP的时空变化特征、稳定性和未来变化趋势，并从气候因素、地形因素和人类活动因素3个方面探讨对NPP的变化影响。结果表明：（1）2000—2020年石羊河流域植被NPP多年平均值为291.01 g C·m-2·a-1，呈不显著增加趋势，空间分布呈南高北低的分布格局。（2）2000年以来植被NPP呈增加趋势的区域占总面积的86.4%，其中极显著增加和显著增加的区域分别占6.7%和10.1%。（3）NPP变化在中等波动以上（变异系数Cv≥0.25）的区域所占比例为50.4%。（4）从未来变化趋势看，石羊河流域植被NPP恢复的持续性较弱，呈增加并反持续的地区所占比例达到57.1%。（5）流域的植被NPP变化与气温、降水均成正相关，对气温的响应更为敏感。NPP随海拔高度和坡度增加呈现增大后减小趋势，近年来流域实施的一系列人工造林、退耕还林还草等措施对植被NPP的增加具有明显促进作用。 相似文献
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黄土高原地区NPP的自然影响因素分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以SPOT NDVI和多种自然地理要素数据为基础,利用改进光能利用率计量模型,探究影响净第一性生产力（NPP ）变化的自然因素差异及各地貌类型区NPP变化的主导影响因素。结果表明：①1998—2010年黄土高原地区NPP物质量平均值为9．884～50．790 gC·m－2·a－1,明显低于全国平均水平342 gC·m－2·a－1。②影响NPP变化的自然因素差异显著。台塬区保水性好,水土流失强度较低,NPP物质量增加显著,风蚀地貌区NPP水平低,降幅明显;干湿条件是影响NPP变化的重要自然要素,半湿润区NPP增幅量较大;坡度对NPP变化的影响显著,陡坡区林、草植被覆盖度增加,NPP增幅明显;微观尺度上水热空间分布与海拔高度相关,研究区海拔200～1000 m范围NPP增幅显著,海拔高于1000 m的区域NPP呈下降趋势。③影响NPP空间分布格局差异的主导因素为水热条件,但决定黄土粱卯地貌类型区的NPP物质量水平正相关的主导因素为高程因子,0．01置信水平下相关系数为0．52;太阳辐射对NPP物质量表现为显著负相关关系,尤其对气候干旱区域表现突出。 相似文献
9.
开展绿洲-荒漠过渡带植被地上生物量监测是植被生长状况评价与荒漠化监测的重要手段。文中利用Sentinel-2影像数据构建了地上生物量估算模型,比较了统计模型和两种机器学习算法模型的性能,并对渭干河-库车河绿洲的绿洲-荒漠过渡带的植被地上生物量进行了估算。结果显示,在统计模型中,红边三角植被指数(RTVI)与地上生物量的非线性模型拟合效果最好,且相关最显著。在机器学习算法中,随机森林模型优于支持向量机回归模型。通过验证发现,RTVI非线性估测模型和随机森林模型具有较好的外推能力。在绿洲-荒漠过渡带植被地上生物量的反演中,随机森林模型表现出较高的精度,验证集R2为0.65,RMSE和MAE分别为255.08g·m-2和192.93g·m-2。相较其他模型,随机森林模型可以在小样本情况下更精确,对科学监测绿洲-荒漠过渡带植被地上生物量和维护绿洲的稳定发展提供依据。 相似文献
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近30年关天经济区植被净初级生产力对土地利用变化的动态响应 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用1980-2010年4期Landsat遥感影像,获取相应年份的土地利用图,并提取NDVI,在此基础上利用CASA模型计算关天经济区植被NPP,计算分析土地利用变化对NPP的影响。结果表明:1)林地NPP均值最大(383.38gC·m-2·a-1),其次是草地、耕地,建设用地NPP最低(271.66gC·m-2·a-1)。2)关天经济区近30年NPP呈现先降低后增加再小幅降低的趋势,1980年的植被NPP为2.3×107gC·m-2·a-1,2000年为1.7×107gC·m-2·a-1,2005年为3.2×107gC·m-2·a-1,2010年2.2×107gC·m-2·a-1。3)关天经济区植被NPP在空间上分布不均衡。秦岭山区以及宝鸡与天水交界处的山区植被NPP高,秦岭山区植被NPP高达631.15gC·m-2·a-1,而低值区(53.85gC·m-2·a-1)位于经济发达的关中平原。4)土地利用变化区域,土地利用类型变化对区域植被NPP的影响显著,耕地转变为建设用地使NPP降低,关中平原与天水地区人口居住区与开垦区植被NPP明显下降,土地开发利用导致了植被NPP的降低。所以,关天经济区在维持经济发展的同时,要控制建设用地的无序增长,维持好区域的植被覆盖,保障区域生态平衡。 相似文献
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基于GIMMS NDVI 3g v1.0数据集和日值气象数据，结合极端气温指数，辅以极点对称模态分解、趋势分析、Mann-Kendall趋势检验、相关分析等方法，探讨中国北方生长季植被覆盖及极端气温的变化特征，研究植被覆盖对气温极值的响应状况。结果表明：① 1982—2015年中国北方生长季NDVI以0.002·（10a）-1的速率上升（P<0.05），ESMD（极点对称模态分解方法）显示生长季NDVI波动上升；针叶林、灌丛、荒漠植被、草地以及栽培植被呈增长趋势，栽培植被增速最快，针阔混交林、落叶阔叶林和高山植被呈不显著减少趋势。② 空间上，NDVI显著增加区域超过全区的33%，主要分布在天山、塔里木盆地北部、祁连山、陇南山区、黄土高原、河套平原、吕梁山和太行山、大别山以及辽西丘陵地区；显著下降区域仅占12%，主要分布在大兴安岭、小兴安岭和长白山区。③ 极端气温指数中，除TNmean（日最低气温平均值）和TNn（日最低气温极低值）呈上升趋势外，其余冷极值指数均呈下降趋势；所有暖极值指数均呈上升趋势；其他指数中，DTR（气温日较差）呈减小趋势，GSL（生长季日数）呈增加趋势。④
中国北方NDVI与极端气温指数的相关性表明，冷极值指数中NDVI与FD0（霜冻日数）、TN10p（冷夜日数）、TX10p（冷昼日数）呈显著负相关（P＜0.05），与TNmean呈显著正相关（P＜0.01）；NDVI与所有暖极值指数呈正相关，与TR20（热夜日数）、TXmean（日最高气温平均值）、TX90p（暖昼日数）以及TN90p（暖夜日数）存在显著相关性（P＜0.05）；NDVI与GSL呈显著正相关（P＜0.05）。⑤ 天山、塔里木盆地北缘、祁连山区、河套平原、黄土高原、太行山和吕梁山区等NDVI显著增加区域对极端气温指数的响应强烈。NDVI显著增加区主要对FD0、TNmean、TN90p、GSL等指数响应较强。NDVI显著减少区域对指数的响应各异，主要与SU25（夏季日数）呈显著负相关（P＜0.05）。 相似文献
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人类活动和气候变化导致的大气氮沉降急剧升高,将会影响高寒草原植物养分循环。为了研究氮沉降对高寒草原植物养分含量及生态化学计量学特征的影响。依托2009年在新疆天山巴音布鲁克高寒草原设置的长期氮沉降研究平台,于2017年7月和10月采集溚草（Koeleria cristata）、二裂委陵菜（Potentilla bifurca）和天山赖草（Leymus tianschanicus）3种植物的成熟叶和老叶,分析3种植物叶片N、P元素生态化学计量对不同施氮水平的响应规律。结果表明：① 3种植物养分浓度及其化学计量比在成熟叶和老叶之间存在较大差异,成熟叶和老叶的N、P含量分别为12.78 mg·g-1、0.88 mg·g-1和6.88 mg·g-1、0.46 mg·g-1mg·g-1。3种植物成熟叶和老叶的N元素含量均为：二裂委陵菜>天山赖草>溚草,P元素含量同N元素含量趋势一致;② 氮添加增加了成熟叶和老叶N浓度,分别达12%和48%;成熟叶与老叶P浓度对氮添加的响应规律不一致,成熟叶P浓度对氮添加的响应与物种有关,而老叶P浓度呈一致的下降趋势;氮添加对成熟叶和老叶N∶P的比值影响亦不同,其中相对于成熟叶,老叶的N∶P呈显著增加趋势。③ 植物叶片的N元素、P元素和N∶P比三者之间的相关分析表明:N元素和N∶P之间呈显著正相关关系(P<0.05),在生长旺盛期和枯黄期,溚草和天山赖草的N与P元素之间没有发现显著相关性(P>0.05),而二裂委陵菜呈现一定的差异性,在生长旺盛期二裂委陵菜叶片N与P元素呈显著的正相关、枯黄期呈显著的负相关(P<0.05)。表明长期氮的添加显著影响了3种植物叶片的养分含量和生态化学计量,不同物种间存在一定差异,未来氮沉降升高将会影响天山山地草原的植物养分循环。 相似文献
13.
Grazing is a main human activity in the grasslands of Xinjiang, China. It is vital to identify the effects of grazing on the sustainable utilization of local grasslands. However, the effects of grazing on net primary productivity(NPP), evapotranspiration(ET) and water use efficiency(WUE) in this region remain unclear. Using the spatial Biome-BGC grazing model, we explored the effects of grazing on NPP, ET and WUE across the different regions and grassland types in Xinjiang during 1979–2012. NPP, ET and WUE under the grazed scenario were generally lower than those under the ungrazed scenario, and the differences showed increasing trends over time. The decreases in NPP, ET and WUE varied significantly among the regions and grassland types. NPP decreased as follows: among the regions, Northern Xinjiang(16.60 g C/(m~2·a)), Tianshan Mountains(15.94 g C/(m~2·a)) and Southern Xinjiang(-3.54 g C/(m~2·a)); and among the grassland types, typical grasslands(25.70 g C/(m~2·a)), swamp meadows(25.26 g C/(m~2·a)), mid-mountain meadows(23.39 g C/(m~2·a)), alpine meadows(6.33 g C/(m~2·a)), desert grasslands(5.82 g C/(m~2·a)) and saline meadows(2.90 g C/(m~2·a)). ET decreased as follows: among the regions, Tianshan Mountains(28.95 mm/a), Northern Xinjiang(8.11 mm/a) and Southern Xinjiang(7.57 mm/a); and among the grassland types, mid-mountain meadows(29.30 mm/a), swamp meadows(25.07 mm/a), typical grasslands(24.56 mm/a), alpine meadows(20.69 mm/a), desert grasslands(11.06 mm/a) and saline meadows(3.44 mm/a). WUE decreased as follows: among the regions, Northern Xinjiang(0.053 g C/kg H_2O), Tianshan Mountains(0.034 g C/kg H_2O) and Southern Xinjiang(0.012 g C/kg H_2O); and among the grassland types, typical grasslands(0.0609 g C/kg H_2O), swamp meadows(0.0548 g C/kg H_2O), mid-mountain meadows(0.0501 g C/kg H_2O), desert grasslands(0.0172 g C/kg H_2O), alpine meadows(0.0121 g C/kg H_2O) and saline meadows(0.0067 g C/kg H_2O). In general, the decreases in NPP and WUE were more significant in the regions with relatively high levels of vegetation growth because of the high grazing intensity in these regions. The decreases in ET were significant in mountainous areas due to the terrain and high grazing intensity. 相似文献
14.
CHEN Limei 《干旱区科学》2022,14(12):1377-1394
Vegetation growth status is an important indicator of ecological security. The Tarim River Basin is located in the inland arid region of Northwest China and has a highly fragile ecological environment. Assessing the vegetation net primary productivity (NPP) of the Tarim River Basin can provide insights into the vegetation growth variations in the region. Therefore, based on the Google Earth Engine (GEE) cloud platform, we studied the spatiotemporal variation of vegetation NPP in the Tarim River Basin (except for the eastern Gobi and Kumutag deserts) from 2001 to 2020 and analyzed the correlations between vegetation NPP and meteorological factors (air temperature and precipitation) using the Sen slope estimation method, coefficient of variation, and rescaled range analysis method. In terms of temporal characteristics, vegetation NPP in the Tarim River Basin showed an overall fluctuating upward trend from 2001 to 2020, with the smallest value of 118.99 g C/(m2?a) in 2001 and the largest value of 155.07 g C/(m2?a) in 2017. Regarding the spatial characteristics, vegetation NPP in the Tarim River Basin showed a downward trend from northwest to southeast along the outer edge of the study area. The annual average value of vegetation NPP was 133.35 g C/(m2?a), and the area with annual average vegetation NPP values greater than 100.00 g C/(m2?a) was 82,638.75 km2, accounting for 57.76% of the basin. The future trend of vegetation NPP was dominated by anti-continuity characteristic; the percentage of the area with anti-continuity characteristic was 63.57%. The area with a significant positive correlation between vegetation NPP and air temperature accounted for 53.74% of the regions that passed the significance test, while the area with a significant positive correlation between vegetation NPP and precipitation occupied 98.68% of the regions that passed the significance test. Hence, the effect of precipitation on vegetation NPP was greater than that of air temperature. The results of this study improve the understanding on the spatiotemporal variation of vegetation NPP in the Tarim River Basin and the impact of meteorological factors on vegetation NPP. 相似文献
15.
Net primary productivity(NPP), as an important variable and ecological indicator in grassland ecosystems, can reflect environmental change and the carbon budget level. The Ili River Valley is a wetland nestled in the hinterland of the Eurasian continent, which responds sensitively to the global climate change. Understanding carbon budget and their responses to climate change in the ecosystem of Ili River Valley has a significant effect on the adaptability of future climate change and sustainable development. In this study, we calculated the NPP and analyzed its spatio-temporal pattern of the Ili River Valley during the period 2000–2014 using the normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI) and an improved Carnegie-Ames-Stanford(CASA) model. Results indicate that validation showed a good performance of CASA over the study region, with an overall coefficient of determination(R2) of 0.65 and root mean square error(RMSE) of 20.86 g C/(m~2·a). Temporally, annual NPP of the Ili River Valley was 599.19 g C/(m~2·a) and showed a decreasing trend from 2000 to 2014, with an annual decrease rate of –3.51 g C/(m~2·a). However, the spatial variation was not consistent, in which 55.69% of the areas showed a decreasing tendency, 12.60% of the areas remained relatively stable and 31.71% appeared an increasing tendency. In addition, the decreasing trends in NPP were not continuous throughout the 15-year period, which was likely being caused by a shift in climate conditions. Precipitation was found to be the dominant climatic factor that controlled the inter-annual variability in NPP. Furthermore, the correlations between NPP and climate factors differed along the vertical zonal. In the medium-high altitudes of the Ili River Valley, the NPP was positively correlated to precipitation and negatively correlated to temperature and net radiation. In the low-altitude valley and high-altitude mountain areas, the NPP showed a negative correlation with precipitation and a weakly positive correlation with temperature and net radiation. The results suggested that the vegetation of the Ili River Valley degraded in recent years, and there was a more complex mechanism of local hydrothermal redistribution that controlled the growth of vegetation in this valley ecosystem. 相似文献
16.
红地球葡萄健康叶片内生细菌多样性分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本研究利用平板分离方法和变性凝胶梯度电泳(DGGE)技术,分析了北京、成都、合肥、武汉等4个地区的红地球葡萄在开花期、成熟期和衰老期健康叶片中内生细菌的群落结构。平板分离培养结果表明不同地区葡萄叶片中的内生细菌数量在8.0×10~3~2.8×10~4CFU·g~(-1)之间,其中武汉地区最高;不同生长时期葡萄叶片中的内生细菌数量在0.8×10~3~1.5×10~4CFU·g~(-1)之间,其中成熟期数量最大。扩增16S rRNA基因序列鉴定,分离获得的内生细菌属于芽胞杆菌属、泛菌属、短小杆菌属、假单胞菌属和葡萄球菌属,芽胞杆菌属为常见菌群。DGGE分析结果显示,同一地区和同一生长时期的样品间相似性较高;不同地区以成都地区的内生细菌种类最丰富;不同生长时期以成熟期种类最多。对特征条带回收测序,结果显示不可培养细菌和未确认的海洋浮游细菌在葡萄叶片中大量存在。 相似文献
17.
生防菌株SC11的鉴定、定殖及对棉花枯萎病防治效果研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
通过生物学特性观察和16S rDNA基因序列分析鉴定菌株SC11为壮观链霉菌(Streptomyces spectabilis)。该菌可在棉花根际土壤以及棉花根部长期定殖,30 d的定殖密度分别为1.38×105 CFU/g和2.95×103 CFU/g。2011年和2012年的大田防治试验显示,SC11菌粉对棉花枯萎病防效分别为42.51%和36.70%,与对照50%多菌灵(WP)的防效相比无显著差异,施用90~150 d的防效分别显著高于多菌灵(P<0.05)。与清水对照相比,田间施用SC11菌粉棉花倒三叶面积显著提高52.6%,籽棉和皮棉产量分别增加21.9%和23.0%(P<0.05)。研究结果表明,壮观链霉菌SC11是一株对棉花枯萎病具有应用前景的生防菌株。 相似文献
18.
19.
Impact of land use/cover changes on carbon storage in a river valley in arid areas of Northwest China 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Yuhai YANG 《干旱区科学》2017,9(6):879-887
Soil carbon pools could become a CO_2 source or sink, depending on the directions of land use/cover changes. A slight change of soil carbon will inevitably affect the atmospheric CO_2 concentration and consequently the climate. Based on the data from 127 soil sample sites, 48 vegetation survey plots, and Landsat TM images, we analyzed the land use/cover changes, estimated soil organic carbon(SOC) storage and vegetation carbon storage of grassland, and discussed the impact of grassland changes on carbon storage during 2000 to 2013 in the Ili River Valley of Northwest China. The results indicate that the areal extents of forestland, shrubland, moderate-coverage grassland(MCG), and the waterbody(including glaciers) decreased while the areal extents of high-coverage grassland(HCG),low-coverage grassland(LCG), residential and industrial land, and cultivated land increased. The grassland SOC density in 0–100 cm depth varied with the coverage in a descending order of HCGMCGLCG.The regional grassland SOC storage in the depth of 0–100 cm in 2013 increased by 0.25×1011 kg compared with that in 2000. The regional vegetation carbon storage(S_(rvc)) of grassland was 5.27×10~9 kg in2013 and decreased by 15.7% compared to that in 2000. The vegetation carbon reserves of the under-ground parts of vegetation(S_(ruvb)) in 2013 was 0.68×10~9 kg and increased by approximately 19.01%compared to that in 2000. This research can improve our understanding about the impact of land use/cover changes on the carbon storage in arid areas of Northwest China. 相似文献
20.
Mountain glaciers are highly sensitive to climate change. In this paper, we systematically analyzed and discussed the responses of glaciers to climate change during 1960-2017 in western China by the methods of least squares and correlation analysis. Results show that the maximum temperature, minimum temperature, average temperature, and precipitation significantly increased in western China at the rates of 0.32°C/10a, 0.48°C/10a, 0.39°C/10a, and 11.20 mm/10a, respectively. However, the wind speed, hours of sunshine, snowfall, and snowy days displayed decreasing trends at the rates of -0.53 m/(s?10a), 3.72 h/10a, -2.90 mm/10a, and -0.10 d/10a, respectively. The annual percentage of glacier area decreased by approximately 0.42%, and the average glacier area decreased by 2.76 km2/a. Meanwhile, glacial shrinkages were greater in the Altay Mountains, Tanggula Mountains, and Qilian Mountains than in the other mountainous regions. Glacier accumulation decreased while melt volume increased at a rate of 2.7×104 m3/a. The area of melt volume was 1.3 times that of the glacier accumulation area. The glacier mass balance (GMB) decreased substantially at a rate of -14.0 mm/a, whereas the equilibrium line altitude (ELA) showed an increasing trend at a rate of 0.5 mm/a. After 1997, the mass was smaller than -500.0 mm, indicating a huge loss in glaciers. Furthermore, relationships between ELA and GMB and various climatic factors were established. Temperature and precipitation demonstrated a significantly negative correlation, whereas wind speed and snowy days had significantly positive correlations with GMB. Snowy days also exhibited a remarkably negative correlation with ELA. The strong warming trend and less snowy days were thought to be the main factors leading to glacial melting, whereas the increase in precipitation, and reductions of sunshine hours and wind speed might slow glacial melting. 相似文献