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试验旨在比较尼里-拉菲水牛及海子水牛瘤胃液中产甲烷菌的多样性,选取成年雌性尼里-拉菲水牛及海子水牛各3头作为试验动物,采用口腔导管法收集瘤胃液,提取瘤胃液总DNA,采用产甲烷菌特异性引物Met86F/Met1340R扩增16S rDNA,构建16S rDNA基因克隆文库。结果显示,从尼里-拉菲水牛和海子水牛中分别获得73、100条有效序列,均以Methanobrevibacter属为主。其中尼里-拉菲水牛有70条序列(17个OTUs)与已知菌的16S rDNA序列相似性≥97%,占总序列的95.89%,有3条序列(3个OTUs)与已知菌16S rDNA序列相似性处于93%～96%;海子水牛有70条序列(15个OTUs)与已知菌16S rDNA序列相似性≥97%,占总序列的70%,有30条序列(18个OTUs)与已培养菌16S rDNA序列相似性处于84%～96%。尼里-拉菲水牛和海子水牛瘤胃中的SGMT簇序列、RO簇序列所占总序列比例分别为76.71%、21.91%和76.00%、19.00%。系统进化树分析表明,所有序列分别聚集于两大分支上,其中海子水牛有16个OTUs代表序列和尼里-拉菲水牛8个OTUs代表序列聚集在进化树顶端的同一分支上,且系统发育距离与古菌中任何已知相似序列都相隔较远。综上所述,在本试验同等日粮条件下,尼里-拉菲水牛及海子水牛瘤胃内产甲烷菌序列均以Methanobrevibacter属为主,两水牛品种的SGMT簇序列比例基本一致,但尼里-拉菲水牛中的RO簇序列比例更高,海子水牛瘤胃内存在更多的未知产甲烷菌。 相似文献
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本试验旨在比较分析摩拉水牛及德宏水牛瘤胃液中产甲烷菌的多样性。选取健康雌性摩拉水牛及德宏水牛各3头,采用口腔导管法收集瘤胃液,酚-氯仿-异戊醇抽提法提取瘤胃液总DNA,用产甲烷菌特异性引物Met86F/Met1340R扩增产甲烷菌16S rDNA,构建16S rDNA基因克隆文库。摩拉水牛及德宏水牛各获得96个16S rDNA基因序列,均归类于Methanobacteriales目,其中德宏水牛有82个序列（18个OTUs）与已知菌的16S rDNA序列相似性≥ 97%,占总序列的85.4%,有14个序列（9个OTUs）与已知菌16S rDNA序列相似性为89%~97%;摩拉水牛有94个序列（13个OTUs）与已知菌16S rDNA序列相似性≥ 97%,占总序列的97.9%,仅有2个序列（1个OTUs）与已知菌16S rDNA序列相似性为94%。系统进化树分析表明,所有序列分别聚集于两大分支上,其中德宏水牛有13个OTUs代表序列和摩拉水牛7个OTUs代表序列聚集在进化树顶端的同一分支上,且在系统发育距离上与Methanobacteriales目中任何已知相似序列都相隔较远。德宏水牛瘤胃中的SGMT簇序列和RO簇序列所占总序列比列分别为83.3%、9.4%,摩拉水牛瘤胃中的SGMT簇序列和RO簇序列所占总序列的比列分别为51.0%、9.4%。由此可见,摩拉水牛及德宏水牛瘤胃产甲烷菌序列以Methanobacteriales目为主,其中德宏水牛拥有更多未知的产甲烷菌序列;德宏水牛瘤胃中的SGMT簇产甲烷菌序列比例要高于摩拉水牛。 相似文献
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本试验旨在比较分析摩拉水牛及德宏水牛瘤胃液中产甲烷菌的多样性。选取健康雌性摩拉水牛及德宏水牛各3头,采用口腔导管法收集瘤胃液,酚—氯仿—异戊醇抽提法提取瘤胃液总DNA,用产甲烷菌特异性引物Met86F/Met1340R扩增产甲烷菌16SrDNA,构建16SrDNA基因克隆文库。摩拉水牛及德宏水牛各获得96个16SrDNA基因序列,均归类于Methanobacteriales目,其中德宏水牛有82个序列(18个OTUs)与已知菌的16SrDNA序列相似性≥97%,占总序列的85.4%,有14个序列(9个OTUs)与已知菌16SrDNA序列相似性为89%~97%;摩拉水牛有94个序列(13个OTUs)与已知菌16SrDNA序列相似性≥97%,占总序列的97.9%,仅有2个序列(1个OTUs)与已知菌16SrDNA序列相似性为94%。系统进化树分析表明,所有序列分别聚集于两大分支上,其中德宏水牛有13个OTUs代表序列和摩拉水牛7个OTUs代表序列聚集在进化树顶端的同一分支上,且在系统发育距离上与Methanobacteriales目中任何已知相似序列都相隔较远。德宏水牛瘤胃中的SGMT簇序列和RO簇序列所占总序列比列分别为83.3%、9.4%,摩拉水牛瘤胃中的SGMT簇序列和RO簇序列所占总序列的比列分别为51.0%、9.4%。由此可见,摩拉水牛及德宏水牛瘤胃产甲烷菌序列以Methanobacteriales目为主,其中德宏水牛拥有更多未知的产甲烷菌序列;德宏水牛瘤胃中的SGMT簇产甲烷菌序列比例要高于摩拉水牛。 相似文献
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基于16S rRNA基因克隆文库技术分析广西富钟水牛瘤胃产甲烷菌组成及多样性 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本研究旨在利用16S rRNA基因克隆库技术分析广西富钟水牛瘤胃产甲烷菌组成及多样性。选取3头体况基本一致的健康雌性富钟水牛作为试验动物,采用机械破壁法提取瘤胃内容物总DNA,采用产甲烷菌引物Met86F/Met1340R扩增16S rRNA基因,构建16S rRNA基因克隆文库。结果表明,本试验共获得93个非嵌合体16S rRNA序列,按照97%的相似性划分为39个分类操作单元（OTU）。其中,60个序列（15个OTU）与已培养细菌16S rRNA序列相似性≥97%,占总序列的64.5%;32个序列（23个OTU）与已培养菌16S rRNA序列相似性处于90%<97%;仅有1个序列与Methanomassiliicoccus luminyensis相似性<90%。系统发育树分析表明,98.9%的序列均属于甲烷杆菌目（Methanobacteriales）,部分序列与Methanobacteriales中任何已知相似序列都相隔较远,它们可能代表Methanobacteriales中新的属或种。由上述结果可见,富钟水牛瘤胃产甲烷菌以Methanobacteriales为优势菌群,其中有许多未知的产甲烷菌需进一步分离培养并对其功能进行分析。 相似文献
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[目的]探究引入广西南宁的尼里-拉菲水牛和摩拉水牛的mtDNA D-loop区遗传多样性与母系起源。[方法]采用PCR扩增、测序及生物信息学方法。[结果]对从广西南宁采集的52个江河型水牛（尼里-拉菲水牛25个,摩拉水牛27个）mtDNA D-loop序列与GenBank下载的20条尼里-拉菲水牛和23条摩拉水牛序列进行联合分析,共检测到112个变异位点,定义42个单倍型,发现摩拉水牛（Hd: 0.934±0.027）与尼里-拉菲水牛的遗传多样性（Hd: 0.929±0.017）都很丰富。NJ系统发育树显示尼里-拉菲水牛和摩拉水牛含有江河型和沼泽型水牛mtDNA支系,表明尼里-拉菲水牛和摩拉水牛引入中国后均与沼泽型水牛进行了杂交,在外貌上很难区分。[结论]引入广西南宁的尼里-拉菲水牛和摩拉水牛与沼泽型水牛存在广泛的血缘混杂现象。 相似文献
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我国中东部地区地方水牛品种的遗传多样性分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用中心产区典型群随机抽样方法,检测了峡江水牛、海子水牛、西林水牛、恩施山地水牛、江汉水牛及一个对照群体尼里-拉菲水牛位点的遗传多态性并作分析,来探讨群体的遗传分化关系.研究表明:(1)五个群体及一个对照群体在11个微卫星座位中共检测到174个等位基因,其中有28个等位基因为品种所特有.(2)根据主成份分析结果聚类,先是江汉水牛与恩施水牛聚为一类,然后是与峡江水牛聚为一类,接着与海子水牛聚为一类,再后与西林水牛聚为一类,最后与尼里-拉菲水牛聚类.群体间亲缘关系的远近与其所处地理位置远近表现出了紧密相关. 相似文献
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为研究水牛蛋白激酶AMP活化的催化亚基α2（protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2,PRKAA2）基因多态性,本试验以摩拉水牛和尼里-拉菲水牛基因组DNA为模板,扩增PRKAA2基因外显子4及内含子3部分序列,通过常规测序法检测其SNP并进行遗传多样性分析。结果发现,PRKAA2基因外显子4内存在1个SNP位点（c.462 G>A）,PRKAA2基因内含子3部分序列存在3个SNPs位点（IVS3.557 T>C、IVS3.560 C>T和IVS3.565 G>A）。经遗传多样性分析表明,在c.462 G>A位点的野生纯合型和杂合型比突变纯合型更有优势,IVS3.557 T>C和IVS3.560 C>T位点的突变纯合型为非优势基因型,IVS3.565 G>A位点杂合型为优势基因型。IVS3.565 G>A位点在摩拉水牛群体中处于Hardy-Weinberg非平衡状态;c.462 G>A位点在尼里-拉菲水牛群体中处于Hardy-Weinberg非平衡状态。4个SNPs位点在摩拉水牛群体中均为中度多态;c.462 G>A、IVS3.557 T>C位点在尼里-拉菲水牛群体中为低度多态,IVS3.560 C>T、IVS3.565 G>A位点为中度多态。IVS3.557 T>C位点在两个水牛群体中杂合度较低。说明摩拉水牛IVS3.565 G>A位点和尼里-拉菲水牛c.462 G>A位点的基因型频率和基因频率遗传状态不平衡,尼里-拉菲水牛群体中IVS3.557 T>C位点遗传变异小,选择潜力不高。4个多态位点可以构建5种单倍型,其中T-C-G-G是摩拉水牛群体和尼里-拉菲水牛群体的优势单倍型。综上,本研究检测的摩拉水牛和尼里-拉菲水牛PRKAA2基因上4个SNPs位点可为水牛标记辅助选择育种提供参考。 相似文献
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9.
中国水牛 2 ,2 66 5万头 ,居世界前三位 ,属于沼泽型水牛。为了使水牛由役用转向乳、肉、役多用途发展 ,采用河流型的尼里 -拉菲、摩拉水牛与沼泽型水牛进行二个品种级进杂交方法或三个品种育成杂交方法。试验证明 :经杂交二代的尼杂二代和三品杂水牛的乳用性能已达到河流型的尼里 -拉菲 (P >0 0 5 )或超过摩拉水牛(P <0 0 5 ) ,而高于沼泽型水牛一倍多 (P <0 0 1)的泌乳水平。杂交水牛将是中国水牛乳业发展中乳畜的主要来源 相似文献
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为了研究河流型水牛HSP70基因CDS序列的多态性,试验首先从摩拉水牛、尼里/拉菲水牛、槟榔江水牛、地中海水牛冷冻精液中抽提基因组DNA,以基因组DNA为模板扩增获得河流型水牛HSP70基因,对其进行基因克隆,测序,序列分析;其次对26头摩拉水牛、43头尼里/拉菲水牛HSP70基因CDS序列进行测序、高分辨率熔解曲线检测分析。结果显示:河流型水牛的HSP70基因CDS序列长度为1927bp,4个品种HSP70基因CDS序列相似度高达99%以上;摩拉、尼里/拉菲种公牛HSP70基因CDS序列存在相同的SNP位点,分别是C602T、A708T、A1284G,并产生不同的基因型。摩拉公牛HSP70基因CDs区602bp位点、尼里/拉菲602bp位点处于Hardy-Weinberg不平衡状态。试验结果说明了HSP70基因在进化上具有高度保守性,但在同一群体中存在多态性。 相似文献
11.
【目的】 试验旨在探究热应激条件下摩拉和尼里-拉菲水牛的血液生化指标变化规律。【方法】 选取体况相近的健康摩拉和尼里-拉菲水牛各11头。试验期划分为热应激期和非应激期, 并于各试验期分别进行4次采血, 每次间隔1周。测定血清激素浓度、抗氧化指标和离子浓度等生化指标。【结果】 摩拉水牛热应激期血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及总胆固醇(CHOL)、丙二醛(MDA)、热休克蛋白70(HSP70)、钾离子(K+)、钠离子(Na+)、氯离子(Cl-)含量均显著高于非应激期(P<0.05), 谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性及总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、胰岛素样生长因子1(IGF-1)、皮质醇(CORT)、瘦素(LEP)、钙离子(Ca2+)含量均显著低于非应激期(P<0.05);尼里-拉菲水牛热应激期血清白蛋白(ALB)、CHOL水平及谷氨酰基转移酶(GGT)活性均显著高于非应激期(P<0.05), 球蛋白(GLOB)含量显著低于非应激期(P<0.05)。在热应激期, 摩拉水牛ALT活性及总蛋白(TP)、GLOB、CHOL、尿素氮(BUN)、甘油三酯(TG)含量均显著高于尼里-拉菲水牛(P<0.05), ALB、四碘甲腺原氨酸(T4)、K+含量均显著低于尼里-拉菲水牛(P<0.05);在非应激期, 摩拉水牛ALT活性、BUN、TG、葡萄糖(GLU)含量及T-AOC均显著高于尼里-拉菲水牛(P<0.05)。【结论】 热应激降低了摩拉和尼里-拉菲水牛的内分泌激素水平和抗氧化能力并影响了机体电解质平衡, 尼里-拉菲水牛的免疫功能也有一定下降; 在热应激条件下, 摩拉水牛表现出更强的清除自由基能力, 尼里-拉菲水牛表现出更好的代谢、体温调节能力以及电解质代偿能力。 相似文献
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Singh KM Tripathi AK Pandya PR Parnerkar S Rank DN Kothari RK Joshi CG 《Research in veterinary science》2012,92(3):451-455
The methanogenic communities in buffalo rumen were characterized using a culture-independent approach of a pooled sample of rumen fluid from three adult Surti buffaloes. Buffalo rumen is likely to include species of various methanogens, so 16S rDNA sequences were amplified and cloned from the sample. A total of 171 clones were sequenced to examine 16S rDNA sequence similarity. About 52.63% sequences (90 clones) had ≥ 90% similarity, whereas, 46.78% of the sequences (81 clones) were 75-89% similar to 16S rDNA database sequences, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses were also used to infer the makeup of methanogenic communities in the rumen of Surti buffalo. As a result, we distinguished 23 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) based on unique 16S rDNA sequences: 12 OTUs (52.17%) affiliated to Methanomicrobiales order, 10 OTUs (43.47%) of the order Methanobacteriales and one OTU (4.34%) of Methanosarcina barkeri like clone, respectively. In addition, the population of Methanomicrobiales and Methabacteriales orders were also observed, accounting 4% and 2.17% of total archea. This study has revealed the largest assortment of hydrogenotrophic methanogens phylotypes ever identified from rumen of Surti buffaloes. 相似文献
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Thirty-two Nili-Ravi buffaloes were used to determine the effect of prepartum immunopotentiation in late gestation with levamisole hydrochloride (0.5 mg/kg), vitamin E+selenium (vitE-Se) (Etosol-SE, 10 ml intramuscularly) or Bacille Calmette Guerin (BCG) (0.5 ml/animal, subcutaneously) on postpartum reproductive performance. The immunopotentiating treatment was given twice, with treatments one week apart, approximately 80 days prior to the expected date of parturition. Prepartum treatment with vitE-Se or BCG significantly (p<0.05) reduced the calving to first oestrus interval and the length of the postpartum service period compared to the control group. The uterine involution period was significantly shorter in buffaloes treated with vitE-Se compared to the control group. Levamisole hydrochloride apparently improved the reproductive performance, but this result was not statistically significant. 相似文献
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《Veterinary parasitology》2015,207(3-4):335-341
Trypanosoma theileri is a hemoprotozoan parasite that infects various ruminant species. We investigated the epidemiology of this parasite among cattle and water buffalo populations bred in Sri Lanka, using a diagnostic PCR assay based on the cathepsin L-like protein (CATL) gene. Blood DNA samples sourced from cattle (n = 316) and water buffaloes (n = 320) bred in different geographical areas of Sri Lanka were PCR screened for T. theileri. Parasite DNA was detected in cattle and water buffaloes alike in all the sampling locations. The overall T. theileri-positive rate was higher in water buffaloes (15.9%) than in cattle (7.6%). Subsequently, PCR amplicons were sequenced and the partial CATL sequences were phylogenetically analyzed. The identity values for the CATL gene were 89.6–99.7% among the cattle-derived sequences, compared with values of 90.7–100% for the buffalo-derived sequences. However, the cattle-derived sequences shared 88.2–100% identity values with those from buffaloes. In the phylogenetic tree, the Sri Lankan CATL gene sequences fell into two major clades (TthI and TthII), both of which contain CATL sequences from several other countries. Although most of the CATL sequences from Sri Lankan cattle and buffaloes clustered independently, two buffalo-derived sequences were observed to be closely related to those of the Sri Lankan cattle. Furthermore, a Sri Lankan buffalo sequence clustered with CATL gene sequences from Brazilian buffalo and Thai cattle. In addition to reporting the first PCR-based survey of T. theileri among Sri Lankan-bred cattle and water buffaloes, the present study found that some of the CATL gene fragments sourced from water buffaloes shared similarity with those determined from cattle in this country. 相似文献
15.
采用不同药物处理和给药方式,对不同品种水牛在不同季节自然发情和同期发情配种后的受胎效果进行系统研究,以期建立一套稳定的适合水牛同期发情的处理方法。试验选取本地水牛(102头)、摩拉水牛(129头)、尼里/拉菲水牛(98头)和杂交水牛(326头)共655头,分为5个组进行比较试验。结果表明:河流型摩拉水牛和尼里/拉菲水牛的同期发情率和配种受胎率均高于杂交水牛和本地水牛(P<0.05),但同为河流型的摩拉和尼里/拉菲水牛之间没有差异(P>0.05),以本地水牛效果最差,其同期发情率和配种受胎率分别为74.51%和30.39%;应用不同的药物处理时,以GnRH+PGF2α+GnRH效果最好,同期发情率和受胎率分别为88.46%和46.38%,其同期发情率显著高于其他各药物组(P<0.05),而用PGc的效果最差(分别为79.10%和33.21%);用PMSG肌注+PGc灌注法,其同期发情率和受胎率效果最好,显著高于其他各组(P<0.05),其次是PMSG肌注+PGc肌注法,PGc肌注法效果最差;在冬季进行同期发情处理时,同期发情率和受胎率最高(分别为83.75%和43.28%),明显高于其他各季节(P<0.05);水牛自然发情的人工授精受胎率和胚胎移植的受胎率均比同期发情的高,差异显著(P<0.05)。 相似文献
16.
FoxP3 is a forkhead family member that plays an important role in the development and function of a type of CD4 + T cell called T regulatory cells. Molecular characterization of FoxP3 gene in swamp- and riverine-type water buffaloes was conducted to determine its homology and compare it to the FoxP3 gene of other animal species (cattle, goat, sheep, horse, pig, cat, and dog), determine its unique characteristics in water buffaloes, and provide a reference for future studies to analyze its immunological function. FoxP3 nucleotide sequence of swamp- and riverine-type water buffaloes was 99% identical, whereas its protein translation revealed 97% homology. FoxP3 of swamp- and riverine-type water buffaloes were compared to FoxP3 of other animal species and revealed a high degree of homology which suggests that they may have the same biological properties. This study is the first report that describes the genetic characteristic of FoxP3 gene in water buffalo. 相似文献
17.
Saurit AR Rubio M Baroni E San AM Sánchez S Boggio JC 《Veterinary research communications》2002,26(1):49-54
The pharmacokinetics of tylosin were compared in cattle (Bos taurus) and buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis). Six animals received each a single dose of 10 mg/kg of tylosin tartrate by the intramuscular route. The serum concentration (C
max) and the volume of distribution (V
d) presented significant differences between the two species. C
max was 0.40 ± 0.046 µg/ml for buffaloes and 0.64 ± 0.068 µg/ml for cattle. V
d was 1.91 ± 0.12 L/kg and 1.33 ± 0.09 L/kg for buffaloes and cattle, respectively. However, as the present study did not show considerable differences in the pharmacokinetics of tylosin in buffaloes and cattle, similar dosage regimes of this drug can be recommended for both species. 相似文献