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Masashi Yuki Hiroshi Itoh Katsuaki Takase 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2010,39(1):65-71
Background: α‐1‐acid glycoprotein (AGP) is an acute‐phase protein and a serum marker of inflammation and neoplasia in humans. AGP concentrations in diseased dogs and the potential effects of age, breed, and sex have not been elucidated. Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine differences in AGP concentration based on age, sex, and breed in a large population of clinically healthy dogs and to compare AGP concentrations in dogs with various diseases. Methods: Serum was obtained from clinically healthy puppies (n=74) and adults (n=172) of both sexes, and included mongrels (n=205) and Beagles (n=41). Serum also was obtained from 192 dogs with various diseases, including 8 with pyometra that were sampled before, and 1, 2, 3, and 10 days after surgery. AGP concentration was measured by single radial immunodiffusion. Statistical comparisons were made among age, sex, breed, and disease groups. Results: Serum AGP in healthy adult mongrels was 364±106 mg/L (reference interval, 152–576 mg/L). AGP was lowest in newborns (n=11, 122±54 mg/L) and gradually increased to adult levels by 3 months of age. Median AGP concentration was highest in dogs with parvovirus (n=17, 2100 mg/L), distemper (n=7, 1250 mg/L), and pyometra (n=18, 2480 mg/L) and was also significantly higher in dogs with acute filariasis, renal failure, urolithiasis, pancreatitis, hepatitis, trauma, hyperadrenocorticism, and immune‐mediated hemolytic anemia. Dogs with acute filariasis and acute hepatopathy had significantly higher AGP concentrations than dogs with chronic filariasis and chronic hepatopathy. Serum AGP concentration decreased gradually following surgery for pyometra but remained increased after 10 days (896±175 mg/L). Conclusions: Because of significantly lower AGP in puppies, the age of dogs should be considered when using AGP as a marker of disease. Serum AGP may be a useful marker of inflammatory disease in dogs and may help differentiate acute and chronic stages of disease. 相似文献
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Serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in dogs – correlation with health and cancer risk 
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下载免费PDF全文 K. A. Selting C. R. Sharp R. Ringold D. H. Thamm R. Backus 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2016,14(3):295-305
25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) is important in bone health as well as many diseases including cancer. Supplementation may increase responsiveness of cancer cells to chemotherapy. Serum 25(OH)D, intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) and canine C‐reactive protein (c‐CRP) were measured in healthy dogs and dogs with haemoabdomen. Regression analysis determined optimal 25(OH)D concentrations. In healthy dogs (n = 282), mean iPTH concentrations correlated inversely (r2 = 0.88, P < 0.001) to 25(OH)D concentrations. Variation in both iPTH and c‐CRP plateaued at 25(OH)D concentrations of 100–120 ng mL?1. Haemoabdomen dogs (n = 63, 43 malignant and 20 benign) had 25(OH)D concentrations ranging from 19.4 to >150 ng mL?1. Relative risk of cancer increased with decreasing 25(OH)D concentrations [RR = 3.9 for 25(OH)D below 40 ng mL?1 (P = 0.0001)]. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations in dogs vary widely, and are influenced by dietary VitD content. Serum vitD measurement can identify dogs for which supplementation may improve health and response to cancer therapy. 相似文献
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Preliminary investigation of blood concentrations of insulin‐like growth factor,insulin, lactate and β‐hydroxybutyrate in dogs with lymphoma as compared with matched controls 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 It is well established that tumour cells have metabolic differences when compared with normal cells. This is particularly true for energy metabolism in which dogs with cancer have been reported to have higher blood insulin and lactate concentrations than control dogs. Moreover, some human and animal studies suggest that the insulin‐like growth factor 1 (IGF‐1) signalling pathway may play a role in tumorigenesis and tumour progression. At present, IGF‐1 has not been evaluated in dogs with multicentric lymphoma. In this prospective, cross‐sectional study, blood levels of IGF‐1, as well as other markers of energy metabolism—insulin, glucose, lactate, and β‐hydroxybutyrate—were measured in 16 dogs with histologically or cytologically confirmed treatment‐naïve lymphoma. These results were compared with 16 age‐, sex‐ and weight‐matched healthy controls. Dietary histories were collected, and protein, fat and carbohydrate intake were compared between groups. Results demonstrated that IGF‐1, insulin, glucose and insulin:glucose ratio were not different between groups. However, lactate and β‐hydroxybutyrate were higher in the dogs with lymphoma than that in the control dogs (1.74 ± 0.83 mmoL/L vs 1.08 ± 0.27 and 2.59 ± 0.59 mmol/L vs 0.77 ± 0.38 mmol/L, respectively). Median dietary protein, fat and carbohydrates did not differ between the groups. This preliminary study suggests that higher insulin and IGF‐1 levels relative to controls may not be a consistent finding in dogs with lymphoma. The significance of increased β‐hydroxybutyrate in dogs with lymphoma warrants further investigation in a larger prospective study. 相似文献
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Kati Salla Flavia Restitutti Mari Vainionpää Jouni Junnila Juhana Honkavaara Erja Kuusela Marja Raekallio Outi Vainio 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2014,41(6):567-574
ObjectiveTo compare the cardiopulmonary effects of intravenous (IV) and intramuscular (IM) medetomidine and butorphanol with or without MK-467.Study designProspective, randomized experimental cross-over.AnimalsEight purpose–bred beagles (two females, six males), 3–4 years old and weighing 14.5 ±1.6 kg (mean ± SD).MethodsAll dogs received four different treatments as follows: medetomidine 20 μg kg?1 and butorphanol tartrate 0.1 mg kg?1 IV and IM (MB), and MB combined with MK-467,500 μg kg?1 (MBMK) IV and IM. Heart rate (HR), arterial blood pressures (SAP, MAP, DAP), central venous pressure (CVP), cardiac output, respiratory rate (fR), rectal temperature (RT) were measured and arterial blood samples were obtained for gas analysis at baseline and at 3, 10, 20, 30, 45 and 60 minutes after drug administration. The cardiac index (CI), systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI) and oxygen delivery index (DO2I) were calculated. After the follow-up period atipamezole 50 μg kg?1 IM was given to reverse sedation.ResultsHR, CI and DO2I were significantly higher with MBMK after both IV and IM administration. Similarly, SAP, MAP, DAP, CVP, SVRI and RT were significantly lower after MBMK than with MB. There were no differences in fR between treatments, but arterial partial pressure of oxygen decreased transiently after all treatments. Recoveries were uneventful following atipamezole administration after all treatments.Conclusions and clinical relevanceMK-467 attenuated the cardiovascular effects of a medetomidine-butorphanol combination after IV and IM administration. 相似文献
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The cardiopulmonary effects and quality of anesthesia after induction with alfaxalone in 2‐hydroxypropyl‐β‐cyclodextrin in dogs and cats: a systematic review 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 K. W. Chiu S. Robson J. L. Devi A. Woodward T. Whittem 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2016,39(6):525-538
To systematically review the quality of evidence comparing the cardiopulmonary effects and quality of anesthesia after induction with alfaxalone vs. other anesthetic agents in dogs and cats. Studies published from 2001 until 20th May 2013 were identified with the terms ‘alfaxan’ OR ‘alfaxalone’ OR ‘alphaxalone’ in electronic databases: Discovery, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Wiley Interscience. The study design and risk of bias of all included studies were assessed. Twenty‐two studies from 408 (22 of 408, 5.39%) satisfied the inclusion criteria. Fourteen studies (14 of 22, 64%) focused on dogs and nine (9 of 22, 40%) on cats. One study had both dogs and cats as subjects. (Hunt et al., 2013) Twelve studies were rated an LOE1, and six of these as ROB1. One, seven, and two studies were rated as LOE2, LOE3, and LOE5, respectively. In dogs, strong evidence shows that induction quality with either alfaxalone‐HPCD or propofol is smooth. Moderate evidence supports this finding in cats. In dogs, moderate evidence shows that there is no significant change in heart rate after induction with either alfaxalone‐HPCD or propofol. In cats, moderate evidence shows no significant difference in postinduction respiratory rate and heart rate between alfaxalone‐HPCD and propofol induction. Strong evidence shows dogs and cats have smooth recoveries after induction using either alfaxalone‐HPCD or propofol, before reaching sternal recumbency. 相似文献
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Biodistribution and tolerance of intravenous iodine‐131‐labelled hypericin in healthy dogs 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 E. Abma K. Peremans F. De Vos T. Bosmans A. M. Kitshoff S. Daminet Y. Ni R. Dockx H. de Rooster 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2018,16(3):318-323
Hypericin (Hyp) is a necrosis‐avid compound that can be efficiently labelled with radioiodine for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Before 131I‐Hyp can be considered as a clinically useful drug in a combination therapy for canine cancer patients, evaluation of its toxicity is necessary. The aim of this study was to investigate the biodistribution and tolerance of a single dose administration of 131I‐Hyp. Three healthy dogs were included. 131I‐Hyp at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg and an activity of 185 MBq was intravenously injected. The effects on physical, haematological and biochemical parameters were characterized and the biodistribution and elimination pattern, the effective half‐life and dose rate were assessed. Drug‐related adverse events were limited to mild gastrointestinal signs, resolving within 48 hours. No significant differences were found in blood haematology and serum biochemistry before and after treatment. Following administration, highest percentage of injected dose (%ID ± SD) was found in the liver (5.5 ± 0.33), the lungs (4.17 ± 0.14) and the heart (3.11 ± 0.78). After 24 hours, highest %ID was found in colon (4.25 ± 1.45) and liver (3.45 ± 0.60). Clearance from all organs was effective within 7 days. Effective half‐life was established at 80 hours, and the dose rate fell below <20 μSv/h at 1 m within 1 day. The current study reveals that single dose treatment with 131I‐Hyp at the described dose is well tolerated by healthy dogs and supports the use of radioiodinated hypericin in a combination therapy for canine cancer patients. 相似文献
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E. Abma P. Smets S. Daminet I. Cornelis K. De Clercq Y. Ni L. Vlerick H. de Rooster 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2018,16(1):E16-E22
Combretastatin A4 ‐Phosphate (CA4P ) is a vascular disrupting agent revealing promising results in cancer treatments for humans. The aim of this study was to investigate the safety and adverse events of CA4P in healthy dogs as a prerequisite to application of CA4P in dogs with cancer. Ten healthy dogs were included. The effects of escalating doses of CA4P on physical, haematological and biochemical parameters, systolic arterial blood pressure, electrocardiogram, echocardiographic variables and general wellbeing were characterised. Three different doses were tested: 50, 75 and 100 mg m?2. At all 3 CA4P doses, nausea, abdominal discomfort as well as diarrhoea were observed for several hours following administration. Likewise, a low‐grade neutropenia was observed in all dogs. Doses of 75 and 100 mg m?2 additionally induced vomiting and elevation of serum cardiac troponine I levels. At 100 mg m?2, low‐grade hypertension and high‐grade neurotoxicity were also observed. In healthy dogs, doses up to 75 mg m?2 seem to be well tolerated. The severity of the neurotoxicity observed at 100 mg m?2, although transient, does not invite to use this dose in canine oncology patients. 相似文献
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Hazem Ramadan Sushim K. Gupta Poonam Sharma Marwa Ahmed Lari M. Hiott John B. Barrett Tiffanie A. Woodley Jonathan G. Frye Charlene R. Jackson 《Zoonoses and public health》2020,67(3):324-329
The emergence of NDM‐producing Escherichia coli has considerably threatened human and animal health worldwide. This study describes for the first time in Egypt, the draft genome sequences of emerging NDM‐5‐producing E. coli from humans and dogs, and investigates genetic relatedness between isolates from both sources. Two E. coli from human urine and seven from environmental clinical samples of dogs exhibited resistance to carbapenems and harbouring blaNDM were subjected to Illumina Miseq whole‐genome sequencing (WGS). Assembly and analysis of the reads were performed to identify resistance genes, multilocus sequence types (MLST), plasmid replicon types (Inc) and insertion sequences (IS) of the blaNDM region; core genome MLST (cgMLST) analysis was also performed. Two different NDM alleles were identified; blaNDM‐5 in E. coli HR119 from the urine of a healthy person and environmental samples of dogs, and blaNDM‐1 in E. coli HR135 from a human patient's urine. Multiple mobilizable resistance genes to different antimicrobial classes were identified except the colistin resistance gene, mcr. E. coli isolates from humans and dogs were assigned to different sequence types (STs). Using cgMLST, dog isolates clustered together with only 1–2 allellic differences; however, human E. coli showed 1,978 different allelles compared with dog isolates. Plasmidfinder results indicated the presence of an IncX3 replicon in blaNDM‐5‐producing E. coli; however, blaNDM‐1 was linked to IncCoIKP3. Notably, the NDM region (3 Kb) in all isolates from humans and dogs was highly similar with variable flanking sequences that represented different IS elements. This study reports the first emergence of NDM‐5‐producing E. coli from dogs in Egypt that shared some genetic features with human isolates and could be considered potential public health threats. 相似文献