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《Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine》2014,23(3):270-276
Vitamin D is an important hormone in vertebrates, and most animals acquire this hormone through their diet and/or exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation. To date, no study has determined how chinchillas (Chinchilla laniger) acquire vitamin D. The objective of this study was to determine whether exposure to UVB radiation had an effect on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in captive chinchillas. Overall, 10 juvenile chinchillas were used for this scientific investigation. Baseline blood samples were collected from the animals while under isoflurane anesthesia to determine their serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations. The chinchillas were then randomly assigned to 2 treatment groups: Group A, 12 hours of UVB exposure per day and Group B, no UVB exposure. At the end of the study (Day 16), a second blood sample was collected from each animal while again under isoflurane anesthesia to measure serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations. Mean ± standard deviation serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations differed significantly (P = 0.048) between juvenile chinchillas provided supplemental UVB radiation (189.0 ± 102.7 nmol/L) and those not provided supplemental UVB radiation (87.8 ± 34.4 nmol/L). This study found that exposing juvenile chinchillas to UVB radiation significantly increased their circulating serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. Because vitamin D is an essential hormone in vertebrates, these findings suggest that the provision of UVB radiation to captive chinchillas may be important. Further research to elucidate the importance of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and UVB radiation in captive chinchillas is required. 相似文献
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经对宁夏4个地区1085只家兔和35只野兔的调查,发现有3种双腔属（Dicrocoelium）吸虫:矛形双腔吸虫（D.lanceatum）、东方双腔吸虫（D.orientalis）和中华双腔吸虫（D.chinensis）。其中后2种为宿主新纪录。它们在家兔中的感染率依次为4.2％、1.8％、0.4％,在野兔中的感染率依次为14.3％、5.7％、5.7％。中华双腔吸虫呈纺锤形,体长5.702～6.934mm,体宽1.091～1.549mm,长宽比4.9:1,睾丸并列,阴茎囊椭圆形并达腹吸盘前缘,卵黄腺起自于睾丸之后、卵巢之前水平处;其余2虫种的形态与记载的基本一致。 相似文献
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Johanna Mkitaipale Harri Sievnen Satu Sankari Outi Laitinen‐Vapaavuori 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2019,103(5):1564-1570
During the winter time in Finland, sunlight is inadequate for vitamin D synthesis. Many pet rabbits live as house rabbits with limited outdoor access even during summer and may therefore be dependent on dietary sources of vitamin D. The aims of this study were to report the serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in Finnish pet rabbits and to identify factors that influence vitamin D status. Serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D concentrations from 140 pet rabbits were determined using a vitamin D enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kit. Eleven rabbits were excluded from the statistical analysis because of unclear dietary data. The remaining 129 rabbits were divided into groups depending on outdoor access during summer (no access n = 26, periodic n = 57, regular n = 46) as well as daily diet: little or no hay and commercial rabbit food ≤1/2 dl (n = 12); a lot of hay and no commercial food daily (n = 23); a lot of hay and commercial food <1 dl (n = 59); a lot of hay and commercial food ≥1 dl (n = 35). The range of serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D concentration was from 4.5 to 67.5 ng/ml with a mean of 26.1 ng/ml. Statistical general linear model adjusted for weight, age and season indicated that diet was associated with vitamin D concentrations (p = 0.001), but outdoor access during summer was not (p = 0.41). Mean 25‐hydroxyvitamin D concentration was significantly higher in the rabbits receiving a lot of hay and commercial food ≥1 dl (33.9 ± 13.2 ng/ml) than in rabbits in other diet groups (24.0 ± 8.5 ng/ml, 21.7 ± 8.1 ng/ml, and 22.2 ± 18.0 ng/ml, respectively). This investigation showed wide variation in 25‐hydroxyvitamin D concentrations among Finnish pet rabbits. Diet remains a main source since outdoor access seems to be too limited to provide adequate vitamin D synthesis for most of them, and the use of vitamin D supplements is rare. 相似文献
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为构建和表达抗RT单链抗体(ScFv)蛋白,用RT-PCR方法从能分泌特异性抗RT单克隆抗体(McAb)的杂交瘤细胞中分离纯化抗体VH和VL基因。用重叠延伸PCR方法将VH和VL拼接在一起,构建抗RT-ScFv基因。将ScFv基因连接到pMAL-p2X表达载体,转化TB1表达菌。阳性克隆用IPTG诱导18h,Western blotting鉴定重组蛋白。结果表明,试验成功扩增出了ScFv基因,长度约为750bp。通过DNA序列测定和分析,构建出VL-(Gly4Ser)3-VH。其VH全长363bp,可编码121个氨基酸,VL全长324bp,可编码108个氨基酸。SDS-PAGE和Western blotting分析结果表明,抗RT-ScFv在TB1表达菌中获得高效表达,pMAL-p2X表达的ScFv加上同时融合表达的MBP标签分子质量约为75ku。本试验成功构建了pMAL-RT-ScFv表达载体,并获得了高效表达。 相似文献
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真核细胞中染色质以不同层次的三维结构有序的折叠在细胞核中,其空间层次结构对基因的表达调控和细胞发挥正常的生理功能都起着重要的作用,在动物育种方面具有很大潜力,但尚未被完全探索。本文介绍三维基因组的结构单元(染色质疆域、A/B 区室、拓扑关联结构域和染色质环)以及研究三维基因组的主要技术,对三维基因组学在农业中的研究进展和应用前景进行了探讨,旨在深入了解三维基因组学的功能和应用前景,以期为生物育种改良提供部分帮助。 相似文献
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2种三点金草对铝盐毒害忍耐的初步研究 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2
研究三点金Desmodium triflorum的耐铝能力对开发优秀的草坪地被植物有一定的重要性,研究表明,2种三点金草对Al3 有一定的耐受性,低铝浓度(20 mg/kg)对三点金草幼苗和成苗生长都有一定促进作用,但较高铝浓度(40 mg/kg)均会阻碍两者根系生长,使其侧根、根干质量和根冠比都有明显减少.在幼苗期,大叶三点金根系对Al3 有较高程度的耐性,但当两者再生长30 d后,小叶三点金对铝盐的耐受能力增强,相反大叶三点金则有所下降. 相似文献
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Rafael V. A. Zafalon Larissa W. Risolia Vivian Pedrinelli Thiago H. A. Vendramini Roberta B. A. Rodrigues Andressa R. Amaral Marcia M. Kogika Marcio A. Brunetto 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2020,104(1):322-342
Due to the presence of receptors in the cells of numerous body tissues, vitamin D is associated with several physiological functions that go beyond calcium and phosphorus homoeostasis and control of bone metabolism in the body. In humans, several studies have associated lower vitamin D concentrations with numerous diseases, such as cancer, heart disease, autoimmune diseases and infectious diseases, and also with an increase in the total mortality rate of the population. Recently, this nutrient started to gain importance in veterinary medicine, and several articles have shown a correlation between low vitamin D status and diseases unrelated to bone metabolism. The present review aims to highlight the recent publications that investigated this relationship, bringing the evidence that exists so far in dogs and cats. 相似文献
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Tolerance evaluation of overdosed dietary levels of 25‐hydroxyvitamin D3 in growing piglets 
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下载免费PDF全文 S. J. von Rosenberg G. M. Weber A. Erhardt U. Höller U. A. Wehr W. A. Rambeck 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(2):371-380
Forty‐eight, cross‐bred (GL × LW × P) piglets were used in a 42‐day tolerance trial to assess the effects of feeding diets supplemented with vitamin D or increasing levels of 25‐hydroxyvitamin D3 (25‐OH‐D3). Six‐week‐old piglets (24 castrate males, 24 females) were used. Two replicate groups of 6 piglets were randomized by weight and allocated to four dietary treatments. The control group (T1) was supplemented with 50 μg vitamin D3/kg feed. The experimental groups received 25‐OH‐D3 at the recommended dose (T2: 50 μg/kg = 1x), at 250 μg/kg (T3: 5x) or at 500 μg/kg (T4: 10x) respectively. Feed intake and daily weight gain were measured weekly, and the animals were examined by a veterinarian daily. After 42 days, body mass, blood, urine, bone and tissue samples were analysed and a pathology examination conducted. Dietary treatments had no significant effect on final body mass or daily weight gain. The 25‐OH‐D3 plasma concentration in T1 was 17 ± 3 ng/ml (mean ± SD) while the respective values of the experimental groups were significantly increased in T2, T3 and T4. Tissue concentrations of 25‐OH‐D3 were higher in liver and muscle for T3 and T4 and in skin for T4 than in T1. However, neither gross pathology nor histology, nor blood and urine characteristics, nor bone parameters were affected by dietary treatments. Weight of organs as well as dry matter, ash and calcium content of kidneys remained unaffected by dietary 25‐OH‐D3 intake. Furthermore, no changes were observed for general indicators of health. The results of this study demonstrated that feeding piglets with 25‐OH‐D3 at 5 or 10 times the recommended level had no adverse effects on any of the biological parameters measured. It was concluded that 25‐OH‐D3 can be regarded as a supplement with a very high safety margin when used at the recommended level. 相似文献
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Influence of Various Factors on Circulating 25(OH) Vitamin D Concentrations in Dogs with Cancer and Healthy Dogs 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 N. Weidner J.P. Woods P. Conlon K.A. Meckling J.L. Atkinson J. Bayle A.J. Makowski R.L. Horst A. Verbrugghe 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2017,31(6):1796-1803
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B. Langlois 《Livestock Production Science》1975,2(2):191-204
The earnings obtained by horses in obstacle jumping in France in 1972 and in 3-day events from 1971 to 1973 are analyzed in order to estimate the genetic parameters for several measures of competitive performance. With the aim of obtaining variables for classical statistical calculation, the earnings of each horse per year and average earning per start were computed using logarithmic transformation.In obstacle jumping, least squares analysis of variance on the transformed variables and a stock of 5 279 winners show that sex plays no role, whereas age is highly significant (maximum between 8 and 10 years). The data for age have been corrected. The 3 766 winners (offspring of 329 sires from three different areas) are then analyzed using an hierarchal analysis of variance. It is shown that area has an effect (0.5% of the variance); this is, however, slight as compared to sire effect (4.5% of the variance), which value gives heritability estimations ranging between 0.17 and 0.19.In the 3-day events, effects of age (constant improvements with time), sex (superiority of whole “males” and “geldings”) and year of performance are determined on 2 941 annual records using the same methods; the data for these are corrected. The hierarchal an area effect and gives heritability estimations ranging between 0.14 and 0.26.A classification of stallions according to genetic value in the two competitions is proposed. Although based on selected offspring (choice of horses participating in shows), this classification seems to be better than the usual prize lists established on total earnings of the progeny. 相似文献
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Ultrasonography is the imaging technology of choice for the evaluation of the reproduction system and of pregnancy in both humans and animals. Over the past 10 years, there have been significant technological improvements of the equipment, while new technologies have been developed. Doppler, contrast-enhanced ultrasonography, elastography, and 3D/4D ultrasonography are advanced ultrasound techniques that have been designed as methods to increase the diagnostic sensitivity of two-dimensional (b-mode) ultrasound, and not as stand-alone tests. The basic physics as well as the advantages and limitations of these advanced ultrasound methods are briefly described. In the reproductive diagnostics of small animals, these techniques have gained an increased popularity as proved by the increased publication of several reports that are also briefly summarized in this review. Clinical applicability is to date limited because of a lack of research on the diagnostic value in concrete situations. Future research projects should focus also on standardization of the used techniques, on determination of thresholds to discriminate between healthy or diseases or fertile versus infertile and on the predictive value of advanced ultrasound findings. Continuing development and optimization of different ultrasound techniques as well as the increase of related scientific interest and worldwide research promises that the clinical interest on the use of advanced ultrasound techniques will increase in future. 相似文献
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三种PCR方法诊断猪伪狂犬病的比较研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
针对伪狂犬病毒gD基因的不同片段设计三对引物，分别进行PCR扩增用于猪伪狂犬病的诊断，扩增的三个片段的长度分别为262bp、217pb以及1203bp的全基因。通过比较发现，这三种PCB诊断方法均具有很高的特异性和敏感性，值扩增gD基因内部262bp的PCR诊断方法种具有突出优点，其退火与延伸合成一步，其操作可于1h内完成，敏感性更高，更适于猪伪狂犬病的快速诊断。 相似文献