共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 234 毫秒
1.
研究天然牧草干草和草颗粒对乌珠穆沁羔羊生产性能、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响。选取20只6月龄体重为(28.60±0.31 kg)乌珠穆沁公羔羊,采用单因素随机区组设计,随机分为2组,每组10只。设计2种日粮饲喂乌珠穆沁羔羊,分别为以天然草地牧草为原料调制成的干草和草颗粒。结果表明:(1)草颗粒组的采食量、日增重、胴体重、宰前活重、净肉重、眼肌面积和GR值均显著高于干草组(P<0.05)。(2)草颗粒组羔羊肉中的蛋白质、磷、胆固醇含量、大理石纹、失水率均显著高于干草组(P<0.05),但其脂肪、钙含量和肉质红度、黄度显著低于干草组(P<0.05)。(3)草颗粒组羔羊肉中的重要脂肪酸组分棕榈酸、硬脂酸、亚油酸、α-亚麻酸、饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸、多不饱和脂肪酸、n-6、n-3及谷氨酸、半胱氨酸、异亮氨酸含量均显著高于干草组(P<0.05),但n-6/n-3、络氨酸和精氨酸含量均显著低于干草组(P<0.05)。因此,饲喂草颗粒能显著提高乌珠穆沁羔羊的生产性能和屠宰性能,并能有效优化羔羊肉的风味及品质。 相似文献
2.
《饲料研究》2019,(7)
试验研究了天然牧草干草、草颗粒及补饲精料对乌珠穆沁羊生长性能和经济效益的影响。选取40只6月龄、体重为(28.68±0.19) kg乌珠穆沁羊,采用随机区组设计,随机分为4组,每组10只。设计4种日粮饲喂乌珠穆沁羊,分别为干草、干草补饲精料、草颗粒和草颗粒补饲精料。干草补饲精料、草颗粒、草颗粒补饲精料3个处理组结束时体重显著高于干草处理组(P0.05);4个处理粗干物质采食量差异显著(P0.05),草颗粒补饲精料组最高,干草组最低;干草补饲精料、草颗粒、草颗粒补饲精料3个处理组日增重显著高于干草处理组(P0.05),其中草颗粒和草颗粒补饲精料组日增重较高,干草补饲精料组次之,而干草组出现负增重。 相似文献
3.
《中国畜牧杂志》2015,(19)
为探讨在不同养殖模式下,补饲精料对贵州地区绵、山羊的生产性能及肉品质的影响,本试验分别在贵州金沙县、威宁县和盘县选取了3~4月龄的湖羊30只、贵州半细毛羊40只和贵州黑山羊46只进行精料补饲研究,各县均分为补饲精料的试验组和原始养殖模式的对照组,其中,试验组精料补饲量为初始体重的1.5%~2%。结果表明:补饲精料可以显著提高湖羊和半细毛羊的日增重(P0.01);显著提高黑山羊的宰前活重和眼肌面积、降低宰后45 min肉色亮度(L*)值(P0.05),但对其他生产性能和肉品质指标均无显著影响(P0.05)。由本试验结果可知,在贵州地区不同养殖模式下,补饲1.5%~2%的精料可以在不影响羊肉品质的前提下,提高羊只的生产性能。 相似文献
4.
为探索蚕沙替代精料对乐至黑山羊产肉性能和肉品质的影响,选择35只体重相近(BW 20 kg±1.3 kg)的3月龄乐至黑山羊阉公羊,采用单因子完全随机试验设计,分为5组,单栏单饲,对照组饲喂基础精料,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组分别喂以100%、75%、50%、25%蚕沙替代基础精料的含蚕沙精料,正试期90 d.试验结束后选择20只羊(4只/组)屠宰测定产肉性能和肉质指标.结果显示:蚕沙替代精料饲喂生长山羊,影响其产肉性能(P<0.01).其中适宜水平蚕沙替代精料提高宰前活重和胴体重(P<0.01).蚕沙替代精料水平影响生长山羊的屠宰率(P<0.01).蚕沙替代精料对山羊肉感官评定指标和测定的肉色、失水率、剪切力等指标影响不显著(P>0.05).表明:适宜比例蚕沙替代精料(25%～50%)可提高山羊的产肉性能.蚕沙替代精料饲喂生长山羊对其肉品质无影响. 相似文献
5.
《动物营养学报》2021,33(9)
本试验旨在研究不同补饲水平对放牧沂蒙黑山羊生长性能、屠宰性能、肌肉品质和胃肠道发育的影响,为沂蒙黑山羊健康饲养提供科学依据。试验选取100只6月龄沂蒙黑山羊,随机分为4组,每组5个重复,每个重复5只(公∶母=2∶3)。试验采用放牧+补饲的饲喂模式,各组试验羊分别补饲0(对照组)、0.10、0.15、0.20 kg/(d·只)精料补充料。预试期10 d,正试期120 d。结果表明:1)各试验组的终末体重、体重增加、终末体长、终末体高、管围增加和终末腰角宽度显著高于对照组(P0.05),补饲0.20 kg/(d·只)组的体长增加、体高增加、终末管围和腰角宽度增加显著高于对照组(P0.05)。各试验组的平均日增重显著高于对照组(P0.05),且补饲0.20 kg/(d·只)组显著高于补饲0.10 kg/(d·只)组(P0.05)。2)各试验组的宰前活体重、胴体重和眼肌面积显著高于对照组(P0.05),补饲0.20 kg/(d·只)组的后腿比重显著高于对照组和补饲0.10 kg/(d·只)组(P0.05)。3)补饲0.20 kg/(d·只)组的肌肉pH24 h显著低于对照组(P0.05),补饲0.15和0.20 kg/(d·只)组的肌肉剪切力显著低于对照组(P 0.05)。各试验组的肌肉粗脂肪含量显著高于对照组(P0.05),肌肉粗灰分含量显著低于对照组(P0.05)。4)各试验组的复胃相对重量显著低于对照组(P0.05),补饲0.20 kg/(d·只)组的瘤胃液pH、瘤胃相对重量和小肠总长度显著低于对照组和补饲0.10 kg/(d·只)组(P 0.05)。补饲0.15 kg/(d·只)组的瘤胃乳头长度、十二指肠绒毛高度、十二指肠隐窝深度、空肠隐窝深度和回肠绒毛高度显著高于对照组(P0.05)。由此可见,补饲精料补充料能够提高沂蒙黑山羊的生长性能,改善肌肉品质和胃肠道发育。在本试验条件下,结合生长性能和屠宰性能等各项指标,育成期沂蒙黑山羔羊补饲0.15～0.20 kg/(d·只)精料补充料比较合适。 相似文献
6.
饲用油菜混合青贮对湖羊屠宰性能及肉品质的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验旨在研究饲用油菜与其他粗饲料混合青贮对湖羊屠宰性能和肉品质的影响。选取200只湖羊公羔(3月龄)随机等分为两组,分别饲喂玉米青贮全混合日粮(对照组)和油菜混合青贮日粮(试验组),试验期90d。试验结束时每组随机挑选10只湖羊屠宰,测定其屠宰性能和肉品质。结果显示,与对照组相比,试验组湖羊胴体重、背膘厚和眼肌面积等屠宰性能无显著变化(P0.05);肝脏重极显著增高(P0.01),肾脏重显著增高(P0.05);宰后45min、24h背最长肌的红度值(a*45min及a*24h)极显著降低(P0.01);背最长肌中山嵛酸(C22∶0)含量显著增高(P0.05),花生四烯酸(C20∶4n6)、二十二碳六烯酸(C22∶6n3)及n-6多不饱和脂肪酸含量显著降低(P0.05);其他肉质性状指标及脂肪酸组成均无显著差异(P0.05)。以上结果表明,以饲用油菜混合青贮为粗饲料饲喂湖羊,可以达到与传统全株玉米青贮相近的效果,对湖羊的屠宰性能和肉品质没有不利影响,为饲用油菜在养羊业上的应用提供了理论依据。 相似文献
7.
为评估早期饲喂代乳粉对羔羊生产性能的影响,对戴寒杂交一代羔羊生产性能及肉品质进行了研究。试验组(early weaned, EW)于7日龄断奶后饲喂代乳粉,对照组(ewe reared, ER)人工饲喂母乳,均自由采食开食料和羊草,于90日龄进行屠宰试验并测定其肉品质。结果显示：除50日龄外,两组的体重、体高等各项生长指标均无显著差异(P>0.05);在7～50日龄时EW组的平均日增重显著低于ER组(P<0.05);51～90日龄时EW组平均日增重显著高于ER组(P<0.05)。90日龄时屠宰指标显示,两组在屠宰后体重、胴体重等指标方面均无显著差异(P>0.05)。肉品质分析显示,水分、粗脂肪、维生素、矿物质和氨基酸等营养性质,pH1 h值、肉色、失水率、蒸煮损失等食用品质及硬度、弹性、黏聚性、胶着度和咀嚼性等加工品质在两组间无显著差异(P>0.05);不饱和脂肪酸中,EW组的亚油酸和α-亚麻酸含量显著高于ER组(P<0.05);饱和脂肪酸中,肉豆蔻酸显著低于ER组(P<0.05),而硬脂酸、棕榈酸及其他脂肪酸含量在两组中... 相似文献
8.
库鲁斯台草原羔羊育肥及屠宰性能测定 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
选用 6月龄的当地新疆细毛羊羔羊和当地新疆细毛羊与南非肉用细毛羊杂交一代羔羊各 40只 ,分成两组 ,研究不同育肥方式对两组羔羊生长性能的影响。结果表明 ,在放牧条件下 ,对断奶羔羊适当补饲适量精料能极显著地提高日增重(P <0 0 1)。试验结束后 ,选取 9月龄羔羊进行屠宰试验 ,比较不同育肥方式对羊胴体品质的影响。结果表明 :补饲能极显著地提高胴体重 (P <0 0 1) ,同时屠宰率、净肉率和眼肌面积等指标也得到不同程度的改善。并且杂交一代羊在育肥和屠宰性能等方面都优于当地羊。 相似文献
9.
饲用油菜混合青贮对湖羊屠宰性能及肉品质的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验旨在研究饲用油菜与其他粗饲料混合青贮对湖羊屠宰性能和肉品质的影响。选取200只湖羊公羔（3月龄）随机等分为两组,分别饲喂玉米青贮全混合日粮（对照组）和油菜混合青贮日粮（试验组）,试验期90 d。试验结束时每组随机挑选10只湖羊屠宰,测定其屠宰性能和肉品质。结果显示,与对照组相比,试验组湖羊胴体重、背膘厚和眼肌面积等屠宰性能无显著变化（P>0.05）;肝脏重极显著增高（P<0.01）,肾脏重显著增高（P<0.05）;宰后45 min、24 h背最长肌的红度值（a45 min24 h*）极显著降低（P<0.01）;背最长肌中山嵛酸（C22：0）含量显著增高（P<0.05）,花生四烯酸（C20：4n6）、二十二碳六烯酸（C22：6n3）及n-6多不饱和脂肪酸含量显著降低（P<0.05）;其他肉质性状指标及脂肪酸组成均无显著差异（P>0.05）。以上结果表明,以饲用油菜混合青贮为粗饲料饲喂湖羊,可以达到与传统全株玉米青贮相近的效果,对湖羊的屠宰性能和肉品质没有不利影响,为饲用油菜在养羊业上的应用提供了理论依据。 相似文献
10.
为探究荒漠草原放牧与舍饲对滩羊屠宰性能和肉品质的影响,本研究将39只3月龄滩羊公羔分为荒漠草原放牧组(GZ)、限时放牧4 h补饲组(TG)和舍饲组(SF)3组,测定滩羊的屠宰性能与肉品质指标.结果显示:SF组滩羊的宰前活重、胴体重、屠宰率、净肉率和肉骨比显著优于TG组,TG组滩羊除肉骨比和净肉率外,显著优于GZ组(P<0.05);3种饲养模式滩羊的肉色、pH、剪切力、滴水损失指标差异不显著(P>0.05),但SF组的蒸煮损失显著低于GZ组与TG组(P<0.05);TG组与GZ组滩羊肌肉中的多不饱和脂肪酸C18?3n3,C20?5n3,C22?6n3,C18?2n6,C20?3n6,C20?4n6等含量显著高于SF组(P<0.05),且n-6/n-3脂肪酸比例显著低于SF组(P<0.05).综上表明,荒漠草原放牧会提高滩羊肌肉中的不饱和脂肪酸含量,但会提高滩羊肌肉的蒸煮损失,降低滩羊的屠宰性能,而限时放牧补饲可以较大程度保留滩羊肌肉脂肪酸组成,同时提高滩羊的屠宰性能. 相似文献
11.
Hansen RA Savage CJ Reidlinger K Traub-Dargatz JL Ogilvie GK Mitchell D Fettman MJ 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2002,16(4):457-463
An 18-week feeding trial was performed to investigate the effects of an omega-3 (n-3) fatty acid-enriched ration on plasma fatty acid concentrations and platelet aggregation in healthy horses. Flaxseed oil served as the source of the n-3 fatty acid alpha-linolenic acid (ALA). Twelve horses were fed dietary maintenance requirements using a complete pelleted ration (80%) and timothy grass hay (20%) for a 2-week acclimation period before being randomly assigned either to a treatment (group 1) or control (group 2) group. Group 2 horses (n = 6) were fed the diet described in the acclimation period, whereas group I horses (n = 6) were fed a 10% flaxseed oil-enriched complete pellet (80%) and grass hay (20%). Biological samples and physical measurements were collected at one point during the acclimation period (week 0) and every 4 weeks thereafter (weeks 4, 8, 12, and 16). Body weight, CBC (including platelet count), plasma fibrinogen. electrolyte (Na, K, and Cl) concentrations, and biochemical profile enzyme activities (aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, and creatine kinase) did not change markedly with diet. Platelet aggregation was not altered by the supplementation of flaxseed oil in these healthy horses, although increases in plasma cis-polyunsaturated 18-carbon fatty acids C18:3; n-3 (ALA) and C18:2; n-6 (linoleic acid), biologically active C20:5; n-3 (eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA]), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were evident. There were no marked decreases in C20:4; n-6 (arachidonic acid [AA]) or increases in C22:6; n-3 (docosahexaenoic acid [DHA]), signifying that flaxseed oil may have had a high percentage of omega-6 (n-6) fatty acids as well as n-3 fatty acids, and this relatively high n-6: n-3 fatty acid ratio may have affected the biochemical effect of n-3 fatty acids. In healthy horses supplemented with flaxseed oil, platelet aggregation was not altered, which may have been due to the limited biologic effect in healthy subjects or the inability of flaxseed oil to induce the necessary biochemical effect of replacing n-6 fatty acids with n-3 types. 相似文献
12.
牛至精油对家畜生产性能和免疫力的提高有重要的影响。通过在日粮中添加牛至精油育肥河西绒山羊,研究其对河西绒山羊生长性能、屠宰性能及胴体品质的影响。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组在饲喂的基础日粮中分别添加4和7 g宜生饲宝(含牛至精油的添加剂),4和7 g宜生饲宝中牛至精油的含量分别为52和91 mg。对照组和试验组均为同月龄、同体重的河西绒山羊羯羊,试验组和对照组均设3个重复,每个重复5只羊。育肥期为90 d,每30 d为1个阶段。试验结果表明:育肥全期,对照组、4 g组和7 g组河西绒山羊平均日增重分别为96.30、172.22和169.82 g·d-1,4 g组和7 g组分别显著高于对照组(P<0.05),4 g组和7 g组无显著差异(P>0.05);屠宰性状,胴体重对照组、4 g组和7 g组分别为20.24、24.18和23.90 kg,无显著差异(P>0.05),屠宰率对照组、4 g组和7 g组分别为48.86%、51.21%和51.56%,4 g组和7 g组分别显著高于对照组(P<0.05),4 g组和7 g组无显著差异(P>0.05),胴体净肉重对照组、4 g组和7 g组分别为12.90、16.27和15.99 kg,4 g组和7 g组分别显著高于对照组(P<0.05),4 g组和7 g组无显著差异(P>0.05);肉质性状,大理石纹4 g组和7 g组分别显著高于对照组(P<0.05),4 g组和7 g组无显著差异(P>0.05),pH、熟肉率、失水率、嫩度、蒸煮损失对照组、4 g组、7 g组间均无显著差异(P>0.05)。日粮中添加牛至油可以显著提高河西绒山羊的育肥性能,本试验日粮中添加4 g宜生饲宝(含牛至精油52 mg)效果最佳。 相似文献
13.
Effects of different finishing regimes with and without conventional or linseed-supplemented concentrate on growth performance and carcass composition of grass-fed steers as well as meat quality and lipid composition of the beef were investigated. Limousin × Brown Swiss and Limousin × Holstein–Friesian crossbred steers were fed on a grass-based forage-only diet up to an average live weight of 470 kg and an age of 18 months. During the following finishing period, two groups received 3 kg/day of concentrate additional to fresh grass and hay. One concentrate was a conventional cereal-based type (CC) the other contained extruded linseed (LS). Steers of these two groups were fattened to 560 kg of live weight. Two other groups further on received only grass and hay and were slaughtered either at the same average weight (G1) or at the same age (G2) as CC steers. The concentrate supplementation in the finishing period did not significantly increase average daily gains of the steers. The killing-out percentage was improved by CC, which was reflected in heavier hot carcasses. No other carcass quality trait was significantly affected by the different feeding regimes. The direct comparison of G2 with CC showed a significantly higher shear force and compression energy in m. longissimus dorsi (LD) of G2, suggesting a less tender LD, but not m. biceps femoris (BF), of the grass-fed steers. In the groups compared at the same slaughter weight, no significant differences were observed in meat colour and texture. Lower proportions of C18:3n-3 (omega-3) in total lipids and in phospholipids of LD and BF were found for CC steers compared to grass-fed steers. This effect was partly compensated for by the supplementation of linseed to the concentrate which also exerted a trend towards higher levels of conjugated linoleic acid. However, since the n-6/n-3 ratio in the beef of the CC steers was still favourably low, it remains a matter of economic calculations and marketing considerations to determine whether linseed supplementation might be a cost-efficient measure in pasture beef programs to produce meat with claimed dietetic advantages in terms of fatty acid composition. 相似文献
14.
牦牛低海拔舍饲是解决藏区草畜矛盾的重要手段,同时也能促进冷季牦牛生长发育,改善牦牛肉品质。旨在探讨低海拔区域开展牦牛舍饲模式对牦牛生长发育、屠宰性能、肌肉品质以及血清指标的影响,初步探索低海拔舍饲影响牦牛肌肉品质的可能因素。选用10头36月龄体重、体况相近的健康公牦牛,随机均分为舍饲组与放牧组,舍饲组于广汉农区(海拔:600 m)进行全舍饲育肥,放牧组于红原县牦牛科技园区(海拔:3500 m)按传统模式天然放牧,试验期150 d。结果表明,舍饲牦牛增重极显著高于放牧组(P<0.01),其胴体重、净肉重、屠宰率和净肉率极显著高于放牧组(P<0.01)。舍饲组背最长肌食用品质显著改善:亮度(L*)显著高于放牧组(P<0.05),熟肉率和肌内脂肪(IMF)含量显著高于放牧组(P<0.05),剪切力显著低于放牧组(P<0.05);舍饲组背最长肌营养品质显著改善:粗脂肪(EE)含量极显著高于放牧组(P<0.01)。舍饲组棕榈酸(C16:0)、硬脂酸(C18:0)含量极显著高于放牧组(P<0.01);饱和脂肪酸(SFA)、多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)和反式脂肪酸(TFA)含量均显著高于放牧组(P<0.05)。鲜味氨基酸(FAA)显著高于放牧组(P<0.05)。血清指标分析结果显示,舍饲组血清中血糖(GLU)显著高于放牧组(P<0.05),甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)的含量极显著高于放牧组(P<0.01),β-羟基丁酸(BHBA)含量极显著低于放牧组(P<0.01);乙酰辅酶A羧化酶(ACC)活性极显著高于放牧组(P<0.01),脂肪酸合成酶(FAS)活性显著高于放牧组(P<0.05);激素敏感性脂肪酶(HSL)活性显著低于放牧组(P<0.05)。由此可见,通过冷季低海拔舍饲可达到牦牛生长肥育的效果;可激活牦牛血清中脂沉积相关酶活性,促进肌肉中脂肪的合成与沉积,改善牦牛肉食用品质及营养品质。 相似文献
15.
为探究荒漠草原放牧与舍饲对滩羊屠宰性能和肉品质的影响,本研究将39只3月龄滩羊公羔分为荒漠草原放牧组(GZ)、限时放牧4 h补饲组(TG)和舍饲组(SF)3组,测定滩羊的屠宰性能与肉品质指标。结果显示:SF组滩羊的宰前活重、胴体重、屠宰率、净肉率和肉骨比显著优于TG组,TG组滩羊除肉骨比和净肉率外,显著优于GZ组(P<0.05);3种饲养模式滩羊的肉色、pH、剪切力、滴水损失指标差异不显著(P>0.05),但SF组的蒸煮损失显著低于GZ组与TG组(P<0.05);TG组与GZ组滩羊肌肉中的多不饱和脂肪酸C18?3n3,C20?5n3,C22?6n3,C18?2n6,C20?3n6,C20?4n6等含量显著高于SF组(P<0.05),且n-6/n-3脂肪酸比例显著低于SF组(P<0.05)。综上表明,荒漠草原放牧会提高滩羊肌肉中的不饱和脂肪酸含量,但会提高滩羊肌肉的蒸煮损失,降低滩羊的屠宰性能,而限时放牧补饲可以较大程度保留滩羊肌肉脂肪酸组成,同时提高滩羊的屠宰性能。 相似文献
16.
为研究杜洛克猪(D)、长白猪(L)、大白猪(Y)和梅山猪(M)组合的配套杂交商品猪(DLYM)的胴体品质和肉质特性,本试验对其屠宰性能和肉质性状进行了系统测定。结果表明,DLYM瘦肉率为53.97%±6.82%;平均背膘厚为3.32 cm±0.52 cm;眼肌面积为46.01 cm2±3.14 cm2;屠宰后45 min的pH1为6.69±0.52;熟化24 h后pH2为5.68±0.74;屠宰后45 min光反射值为41.59±4.24;屠宰后24 h光反射值为49.42±5.61;大理石纹为2.33±0.07;滴水损失为3.58%±0.25%;剪切力为4.82 kg±1.36 kg。综合测定结果表明,DLYM杂交商品猪瘦肉率适中,在肉质性状和胴体品质方面表现突出,非常适应西南地区对优质猪肉的需求,达到了胴体与肉质平衡发展的需求,是一种简洁高效的优质杂交组合模式。 相似文献
17.
Genotype,production system and sex effects on fatty acid composition of meat from goat kids 
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下载免费PDF全文 Mustafa Özcan Gulcan Demirel Akın Yakan Bülent Ekiz Cemil Tölü Türker Savaş 《Animal Science Journal》2015,86(2):200-206
Two trials were performed to assess the meat fatty acid profile of goat kids from different genotypes, production systems and sex. In the first trial, genotype effect was determined in 24 suckling male kids from Turkish Saanen, Maltese and Gokceada breeds. In the second trial, male and female Gokceada Goat kids were used to compare the effect of extensive and semi‐intensive production systems on fatty acid composition of meat. Significant genotype effect was observed in the percentages of myristic acid (C14:0), palmitic acid (C16:0), oleic acid (C18:1 n‐9), linolenic acid (C18:3 n‐3), arachidonic acid (C20:4 n‐6) and docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6 n‐3), despite no differences on the ratios of polyunsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids (PUFA/SFA) and n‐6/n‐3 (P > 0.05). The effect of production system had also significant effects on fatty acids, but sex only influenced significantly stearic acid (C18:0), C18:1 n‐9 and C18:3 n‐3 fatty acids and total PUFA level and PUFA/SFA ratio. This study confirms that dairy breeds are prone to produce higher levels of unsaturated fatty acids in their muscle. Meanwhile, meat from Gokceada goat kids, which is one of the indigenous breeds in Turkey, had similar PUFA/SFA and n‐6/n‐3 ratios to Turkish Saanen and Maltase. 相似文献
18.
试验旨在研究牛至精油对绵羊瘤胃体外养分降解率、发酵特性及CH4产量的影响。采用单因素完全随机试验设计,在培养液中分别添加0(CON)、100(EO1)、400(EO2)、700(EO3)和1000 mg·L-1(EO4)牛至精油,每组4个重复。发酵48 h后测定养分降解率、发酵参数及不同时间总产气量和CH4产量。结果表明:1)与CON组相比,干物质降解率、粗蛋白降解率、中性洗涤纤维降解率在EO1组中均显著升高(P<0.05),在EO4组中均显著降低(P<0.05),EO2组中均无显著差异(P>0.05),干物质降解率在EO3组中显著降低(P<0.05),添加牛至精油对酸性洗涤纤维降解率(ADFD)无显著影响(P>0.05);2)EO1组pH最低,而总挥发性脂肪酸(TVFA)、丙酸浓度最高,且乙酸浓度显著高于EO2、EO3和EO4(P<0.05),但乙酸/总挥发性脂肪酸显著低于EO3、EO4组(P<0.05),乙酸/丙酸显著低于CON组(P<0.05)。与CON组相比,牛至精油组丁酸、丁酸/总挥发性脂肪酸和氨氮浓度显著降低(P<0.05);3)发酵36 h后,总产气量、甲烷产量均随牛至精油的添加而逐渐降低,与CON组相比,EO1组发酵18~48 h总产气量显著降低(P<0.05),EO2、EO3和EO4组总产气量、CH4产量在发酵18 h后均显著降低(P<0.05),EO4组甲烷百分比在发酵12~36 h显著降低(P<0.05)。综上所述,在绵羊瘤胃体外培养液中添加牛至精油能够提高饲粮养分降解率,调控瘤胃发酵,降低总产气量和甲烷产量,体外条件下添加量不应高于100 mg·L-1。 相似文献
19.
The effects of a concentrate diet on growth, carcass fat, and fatty acid (FA) composition of muscle (supraspinatus), perirenal, and intermuscular adipose tissues of Creole goats (n = 32) were evaluated. Goats were fed a tropical green forage Digitaria decumbens ad libitum with no concentrate (G0) or 1 of 3 levels of concentrate: 140 (G100), 240 (G200), and 340 g?d(-1) (G300), respectively. Goats were slaughtered according to the standard procedure at the commercial BW (22 to 24 kg of BW). Goats fed the concentrate diets (G100, G200, and G300) had greater ADG (P < 0.001), cold carcass weights (P < 0.001), and omental (P < 0.01), perirenal (P < 0.01), and intermuscular (P < 0.01) adipose tissues weights. Dietary intake of C18:0, C18:1n-9, C18:2n-6 increased as concentrate supplementation increased (P < 0.001), whereas C18:3n-3 intake was not affected (P > 0.05). Increased concentrate supplementation did not affect (P > 0.05) the proportion of MUFA in all tissues and had very little effect on SFA in perirenal tissue, but increased the PUFA proportion in muscle (P < 0.05). The major effect of feeding increased concentrate was an increase in n-6 PUFA proportions in all tissues (P < 0.001) and, surprisingly, a decrease in n-3 PUFA (P < 0.001). Focusing on FA, which are supposed to have a beneficial or an adverse effect on human health, feeding increased concentrate did not increase the content of any cholesterol-increasing SFA in meat, but increased the n-6/n-3 ratio above 4 when more than 240 g of concentrate was fed per day. 相似文献