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《中国麻业》2021,(4)
为研究植物根际促生菌(plant growth promoting rhizobacteria, PGPR)对亚麻(Linum usitatissimum.L)植株富集和转移重金属污染农田中Cd、As元素效率的影响,取湖南省浏阳市永和镇矿山周围农田土壤进行盆栽试验,研究4种根际促生菌处理下亚麻株高、根长、茎粗和干茎、根重等表型指标的变化情况,以及Cd、As的富集和转移特征。结果表明:4种植物根际促生菌对亚麻的株高和根长均有不同程度的促进作用,对茎粗没有显著影响。GY16对亚麻根长、茎粗、植株鲜重和株数、干重等指标的促进效果较其他菌更显著;施菌处理下亚麻根部对Cd、As的富集量显著增高。这2种菌可联合使用作为亚麻-根际促生菌联合修复污染土壤的候选菌剂。研究表明,根际促生菌的加入提高了亚麻对重度Cd、As污染农田的修复效果。 相似文献
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亚麻种子及麻屑的综合利用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
亚麻是我国西北及华北地区主要的油用经济作物,也是东北地区及云南、新疆的主要纤维用经济作物.亚麻种子的综合利用可带来很高的经济价值.综合利用亚麻种子、亚麻根、亚麻茎可生产多种工业化产品;如可降血脂的亚麻油胶丸、高发泡性食品用亚麻胶、高蛋白饲料、植物雌激素-木酚素、膳食纤维素、建筑复合材料等.进行亚麻种子高技术水平的研究,对亚麻种子进行综合利用将对人类健康起到更大的作用. 相似文献
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亚麻种子及麻屑的综合利用 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7
亚麻是我国西北及华北地区主要的油用经济作物，也是东北地区及云南、新疆的主要纤维用经济作物。亚麻种子的综合利用可带来很高的经济价值。综合利用亚麻种子、亚麻根、亚麻茎可生产多种工业化产品；如可降血脂的亚麻油胶丸、高发泡性食品用亚麻胶、高蛋白饲料、植物雌激素-木酚素、膳食纤维素、建筑复合材料等。进行亚麻种子高技术水平的研究，对亚麻种子进行综合利用将对人类健康起到更大的作用。 相似文献
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揣葆田 《中国油料作物学报》1980,(1)
野生多年生胡麻属于亚麻科(Linaceac)亚麻属(Linum)植物。据前人报告,不同的野生种和不同的栽培种其染色体数目、形状,大小是不相同的。一般公认栽培种的染色体数目为n=15或16,而野生亚麻和野生窄叶亚麻与普通亚麻栽培种有相同的染色体数目,很容易与它杂交,而且是完全可育的。因此利用野生资源对新品种的培育有重要意义。 野生胡麻为宿根植物,根颈部份发达,根系入土较深。茎细小,分茎极多,可达20个以上,均由根茎部分的不定芽伸长而成。 相似文献
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目的分别对人参不同部位提取物和西洋参不同部位提取物中14种单体皂苷含量进行比较。方法采用高效液相色谱法进行检测,色谱柱:BDS柱(HYPERSIL C18250mm*4.6mm,5μm),紫外检测器;流动相:乙腈-水梯度洗脱。流速:1m L/min,柱温:40℃,检测波长:203m。结果通过比较人参和西洋参不同部位提取物中14种单体皂苷含量可知,Rb1、Rc、Rb2在人参根提取物中含量最高,Rf为人参根提取物中特有单体皂苷;Rg1、F1、Rb3在人参茎叶提取物中含量最高;Re、Rh1(S)、Rg2(S)、Rd、F2、Rg3(S)在人参果提取物中含量最高。Rb1、Rc在西洋参根提取物中含量最高;Rg1、Re、Rh1(S)、Rg2(S)、F1、Rd、F2在西洋参茎叶提取物中含量最高;Rb2、Rb3、Rg3(S)在西洋参果提取物中含量最高。结论通过对人参和西洋参不同部位提取物中14种单体皂苷含量比较可知,Rf为人参特有单体皂苷,在人参根中含有,西洋参中没有。Rb1、Rc均是在根中含量高,Rg1、F1均是在茎叶中含量高。高效液相色谱法分离、分析人参皂苷效果好、准确、迅速、简便,也可作为评价人参属植物质量的有效分析方法。建议对人参、西洋参中含量较高的人参皂苷进行提取分离,直接用于创新药物的开发。 相似文献
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《中国麻业》2015,(5)
为探讨盐碱胁迫下亚麻幼苗阳离子吸收和分配的特点,为盐碱地种植亚麻栽培技术提供理论指导。采用2种中性盐(Na Cl和Na2SO4)和2种碱性盐(Na HCO3和Na2CO3)分别混合模拟盐胁迫和碱胁迫,对中亚麻2号进行14天胁迫处理,测定了苗长、根长和茎长等生长指标,并分析了根系和地上部Na+、K+、Ca2+、Mg2+含量的变化。结果表明:(1)盐碱胁迫不同程度抑制了亚麻幼苗的生长,碱性盐胁迫比中性盐胁迫的抑制更严重。中性盐胁迫对亚麻茎的抑制较根更严重,而碱性盐胁迫则得到相反的结果。(2)盐碱胁迫大幅度增加了亚麻苗期根和地上部对Na+的吸收。中性盐胁迫下地上部K+的吸收增高,根的K+吸收降低。碱性盐胁迫下根和地上部K+的吸收均降低。中性盐胁迫和碱性盐胁迫下根和地上部Ca2+和Mg2+的吸收均降低,根系中的降低程度较地上部大。(3)相关性分析表明盐碱胁迫下Ca2+的吸收与Na+的吸收呈极显著负相关。 相似文献
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测定了立枯丝核菌 Rhizoctonia So-lani 的2,3和4联合组群分离菌诱致亚麻枯萎病的能力。所有分离菌诱致种子腐烂,但只有 AG 4分离菌感染亚麻胚轴。AG2和 AG3分离菌诱致有限的根腐。发现两个亚麻品种能抗全部供试分离菌。 相似文献
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The effects of yarn number and liquid ammonia (L/A) treatment on the physical properties of woven fabrics prepared with pure hemp spun yarns were investigated. As a result of L/A treatment, the crystal structure of hemp fiber was changed from cellulose I to the mixtures of cellulose III and cellulose I and its crystallinity was slightly decreased by 13 %. The crease recovery of hemp fabric treated with L/A was improved upto 78 %. The washing shrinkage of hemp fabric treated with L/A decreased significantly to less than 0.4 %, while the washing shrinkage of hemp fabric prepared with the fined yarn was superior to that of hemp fabric prepared with the coarsed yarn. Especially, the wicking speed and drying ratio of hemp fabrics treated with L/A were higher than those of the untreated as yarn number increased. However, it was found that there is no significant effect on the UV protection of the L/A treated hemp fabrics. 相似文献
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工业大麻作为一种重要的经济作物在世界上被广泛种植,在纺织、油用、建材、保健和医药方面具有较高的利用价值。水培工厂化生产是工业大麻产业发展的一个趋势,但关于适合工业大麻生长的专用水培营养液配方及浓度尚未报道。为获得适合工业大麻生长的专用水培营养液配方,利用标准霍格兰营养液(1H)和根据工业大麻需肥规律自主设计的不同浓度梯度营养液配方(1Z、1/2Z、1/4Z和1/8Z),研究了不同营养液配方对工业大麻幼苗生长形态及生物量的影响。结果表明:利用1Z和1H营养液培养工业大麻,其幼苗的生长发育无显著性差异;与1H相比,1/4Z显著提高了工业大麻幼苗功能叶的叶面积(约为1350 mm~2)和单株生物量(1.99 g),分别为1H培养条件下的5.8倍和2.2倍;1/8Z促进了工业大麻幼苗株高、根长和生根数的增长。综合考虑,1/4Z和1/8Z为该试验中工业大麻幼苗水培较适宜的营养液配方,研究结果为工业大麻水培专用营养液配方的研制提供参考,为实现工业大麻水培工厂化生产提供理论依据。 相似文献
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Thitirat Inprasit Kanjana Motina Penwisa Pisitsak Pisutsaran Chitichotpanya 《Fibers and Polymers》2018,19(10):2121-2126
Two functional compounds were successfully extracted from neem (Azadiracta indica): a tannin-rich natural dye and an antibacterial agent. The dye was extracted from the bark using water, and the antibacterial from the leaf using methanol. These were used to dye hemp fabrics. Higher color strength values (K/S) were found when dyeing was conducted at a higher dye concentration, elevated temperature, and longer dyeing time. Optimal results were achieved when using 5 %w/v of extracted powder at 100 °C for 60 min. The resulting fabrics appeared reddish-brown, and were rated as good to excellent for color fastness against washing, water, sea water, and perspiration. The antibacterial agent from the neem leaf was extracted by Soxhlet apparatus at 65 °C with methanol as solvent. The dyed and antibacterial-finished hemp fabrics were tested against Staphylococcus aureus, following the percentage reduction test of AATCC 100. The treated fabrics demonstrated a 99.99 % reduction in Staphylococcus aureus. 相似文献
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Mirjana M. Kostic Jovana Z. Milanovic Marija V. Baljak Katarina Mihajlovski Ana D. Kramar 《Fibers and Polymers》2014,15(1):57-64
The objective of this research was to impart antimicrobial properties to hemp fibers by incorporation of silver ions in hemp fibers by chemisorption. Sorption properties of hemp fibers were improved by non-selective oxidation using hydrogen peroxide and potassium permanganate. The optimal conditions for silver ions sorption by hemp fibers were determined by changing sorption conditions: pH value and concentration of aqueous silver nitrate solution, as well as duration of sorption. The maximum sorption capacity of modified hemp fibers was 1.84 mmol of Ag+ ions per gram of fibers. Antimicrobial activity of silver-loaded hemp fibers against different pathogens: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans was evaluated in vitro. Obtained silver-loaded hemp fibers show antimicrobial activity against tested pathogens. 相似文献
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“闪爆”处理对大麻脱胶及纤维性能的影响 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
采用“闪爆”新技术来处理大麻纤维，分析了闪爆处理前后大麻纤维脱胶、化学组分和理化性能的变化：结果表明，“闪爆”后的大麻纤维经水洗处理后，纤维素的比率显著增加，木质素等非纤维素成分明显降低，而且脱胶效果理想，大麻纤维的红外光谱闪爆处理以后在1510cm-1处吸收峰和在1736cm-1处吸收峰趋于消失，纤维的上染性能明显改善. 相似文献
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本文在汉麻纤维化学组分分析的基础上,利用中温活性染料,对多种纤维素纤维的染色性能进行了测定。研究了不同组成成分对汉麻纤维染色性能的影响,比较了汉麻纤维与其它纤维素纤维的上染百分率和上染速率的差异。结果表明,果胶和木质素的含量对汉麻纤维的染色性能均有不同程度的影响,但果胶的影响较木质素更为明显,汉麻纤维的染色性能与苎麻接近,但比棉纤维要差,更低于再生纤维素纤维。 相似文献
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Sunn hemp is a tropical, herbaceous annual legume that has potential as a cover crop during the summer in temperate climates. Due to the recent increased interest in sunn hemp breeding and seed production for temperate climates, there is a need for weed control in sunn hemp production. No herbicide product currently on the market specifically identifies sunn hemp as a tolerant crop. The aims of this research were 1) to evaluate herbicides with the intent of identifying a herbicide program that can assure near weed free sunn hemp intended for seed harvest and 2) to demonstrate and quantify sunn hemp-weed suppression. Pre-emergence applied treatments consisted of pendimethalin alone, imazethapyr alone, and pendimethalin plus imazethapyr. Pendimethalin alone provided consistent effective weed control and maximum sunn hemp biomass, but when yellow nutsedge was present, imazethapyr was required for effective control and greater sunn hemp biomass. The combination of pendimethalin and imazethapyr was detrimental to sunn hemp biomass yield. Results also established that sunn hemp is tolerant of 2,4-DB applied post-emergence, but was not necessary for weed control in these studies because of the lack of broadleaf weed pressure. In a separate study with variable sunn hemp densities, weed biomass reductions of ≥50% were obtained with sunn hemp densities of only 20 to 50 plants m−2. This degree of weed suppression obtained from relatively modest sunn hemp densities is likely indicative of the ability of sunn hemp to grow faster and taller than other plants. 相似文献
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《Industrial Crops and Products》2001,13(1):35-48
Fibre damages by the decortication process have to be avoided to achieve high quality of hemp fibres (Cannabis sativa L.) for industrial use. In addition, a well-defined separation of the single fibres by the subsequent degumming process is required. The objective of the present study is to determine the growth stage at which bark and shives can be separated from unretted industrial hemp (variety ‘Kompolti’) with as little fibre damage as possible. Furthermore, the chemical composition of the bark and the molecular weight of fibre cellulose have been analysed to estimate the fibre quality that can be achieved after a degumming process. For this, the fibres have been extracted by a standardised chemical degumming process. The investigations were carried out at nine growth stages of the plants reaching from vegetative stages to senescence. Considering only the mechanical decortication of green dry stems without degumming of the bark, the results reveal that a harvest time at the beginning of seed maturity leads to easier decortication without any effect on the tensile strength of the bast. For decortication of fresh stems including a subsequent degumming process, a harvest after the flowering of the male plants results in fibre losses during decortication and to fibres of reduced fineness. 相似文献
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Research and development of an innovative production system for hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) fibre for textile use requires the integration of multidisciplinary knowledge from cultivation technique to realization of end products. Research was carried out to study the effect of the agronomic factors cultivation year (2003–2004), genotype (Futura 75 and Tiborszallasi), plant population (120, 240 and 360 plants m−2) and harvesting time (beginning and full flowering) on fibre yield and quality in the whole hemp stem, and in the basal and apical stem portions separately. The study of separate stem portions was done to determine the effect on fibre quality of an innovative harvesting and processing system in which hemp stems are cut in two portions of approximately 1 m at harvest to enable processing on modern flax scutching lines. 相似文献