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海水养殖业作为海洋渔业的重要支柱,而海洋环境则为海水养殖提供广阔的空间资源,并影响其持续发展。本文在深入剖析南海海水养殖环境污染现状的基础上,指出南海海水养殖环境管理的重点是实现海水养殖业转型升级,并从产业发展与环保关系、立法和创新执法难题、政府与社会的关系、技术与人才瓶颈等方面指明其难点。进而提出构建多主体联合、多区域参与、多管理方式、高协调度的"三高一多"的南海海水养殖环境集成管理模式,以期实现南海海水养殖环境及其管理的优化。 相似文献
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河北省水产养殖业现状与展望 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文着重讲述了河北省海水养殖浅海区和沿海滩涂分布概况.海水养殖区的浅海水域的养殖面积利用,沿海岸各市滩涂养殖面积的利用,渔业和养殖业、水产品养殖业现状,陆基型海水工厂化集约式室内苗种生产和养殖品种、养殖生产方式组成及其存在(1)海水养殖生产模式的调整;(2)海域(水源)养殖环境净化的调整;(3)各种疾病的发生;(4)科技力量不足、经费匮乏、学位和成果等良莠不齐;(5)开发海水养殖业的健康和生态系养殖工程;(6)增加海水养殖业的基础性设施建设投资诸问题与展望进行了全面的分析. 相似文献
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近年来海水养殖业发展迅猛,其在渔业经济中的地位日显突出,但随着社会经济的发展,养殖环境和条件也随之发生变化,出现了许多妨碍海水养殖业发展的新情况、新问题。文章就广西海水养殖业的发展状况与存在问题,从加强养殖环境整治和养殖容量研究、实施良种工程和科技兴渔战略、建设病害防治体系、严格规范养殖行为等方面,提出几点有针对性的对策。 相似文献
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海水养殖业自身污染不仅制约了我国海水养殖业的发展,也对养殖区及其毗邻海域的生态环境产生了影响。本文在综述海水养殖自身污染现状的基础上,提出控制海水养殖自身污染的相应对策。 相似文献
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近年来,我国的海水养殖业发展迅速,海参养殖产量连续15年位居世界第一,海参养殖已成为海水养殖业的重要组成部分,海水养殖业的快速发展为海参养殖产业的发展奠定了坚实的基础。实际上,我国海参养殖存在着一些难以突破的问题,比如养殖技术不到位,养殖成本过高等,这些问题都会限制海参养殖产业的发展。现分析海参养殖现状的相关文献,对目前我国海参养殖产业的发展做出总结归纳。 相似文献
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当前在海洋捕捞资源逐渐减少的情况下,海水养殖业的发展显得尤为重要。近年来,山东省积极转变海水养殖发展方式,以推进海水健康养殖示范区建设为切入点,大力提高养殖水产品质量安全水平。但随着海水养殖业的不断发展,对环境产生的负面影响也逐渐显现,如因海水养殖使用过多的饲料和药物污染了海岸和海水环境;海水养殖业的发展影响了生物多样性, 相似文献
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文章对南非共和国海水养殖业的发展概况、海水养殖的经济种类、产地分布、养殖产量和科研水平等进行综述,并对中南两国在海水养殖领域未来的合作前景作一展望,旨在为相关专家、学者了解南非海水养殖业的发展现状提供参考。 相似文献
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浙江温州地区海水养殖业风险状况及对策研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
水产养殖业是一个高投入、高产出、高风险的产业,养殖过程中面临的各种自然、市场和技术风险都会给渔业生产造成不可估量的损失。温州地处亚热带海洋性季风气候区,海水养殖业在当地农村经济建设中发挥了重要作用,全面评估当地海水养殖业中存在的各种风险因素和风险程度,积极探索和研究行之有效的应对机制,对于促进当地海水养殖业持续、健康、快速发展以及渔区的和谐与稳定具有重要的现实意义。 相似文献
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海水网箱养殖中的排污收费问题研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
网箱养殖是近年来海水养殖业发展的主流趋势,在其带来巨大经济效益的同时,也对周边生态环境造成巨大的威胁和破坏。文章通过探析其经济学原因,提出通过排污收费的手段来解决高密度海水网箱养殖带来的环境问题,并建立确定排污税率标准的模型,以部分黄渤海地区的数据进行实证计算,得出各地区的排污税率以供参考。 相似文献
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池塘养殖是我国海水养殖的传统方式，也是当前陆基海水养殖的主体。自20世纪70年代，海水池塘养殖经历了粗放式、半集约、集约化和多营养层次生态养殖的发展历程。然而，海水池塘养殖产业中仍存在养殖生物生态适应性机制不清、养殖系统产出不稳定、营养物质利用效率低等“瓶颈”问题，严重制约了海水池塘养殖产业的发展。因此开展海水养殖虾蟹良种与生态环境的互作机制解析，研发养殖生态系统结构优化和营养物质资源化高效利用技术，搭建养殖信息采集与智能化管控平台，创建生态工程化养殖新模式，实现养殖系统高效可持续产出，是我国海水池塘养殖产业绿色高质量发展的关键。 相似文献
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Robert A. Robertson Erika L. Carlsen Alan Bright 《Aquaculture Economics & Management (Blackwell Science)》2013,17(1-2):117-126
Abstract Social science can make important contributions to understanding the prospects for offshore marine aquaculture development because many of the potential barriers that may restrict its development are social and institutional rather than biological or technical. This study collects baseline data on attitudes towards offshore marine aquaculture held by a key stakeholder group. It also investigates the influence of information on attitudes towards marine aquaculture. Data reported in this study were collected from visitors to a seafood festival in coastal New Hampshire. The formal objectives of this research were to determine what effect, if any, two‐sided information on the potential advantages and disadvantages of marine aquaculture has on attitudes towards marine aquaculture and how prior familiarity with aquaculture moderates the effect of information. The findings from this study indicate that two‐sided information has a negative effect on attitudes, especially among individuals who are unsure of their level of familiarity with the issue. 相似文献
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我国离岸养殖工程发展策略 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
发展离岸养殖工程对于保障水产品供给、开发蓝色国土资源、实现海洋水域资源的合理利用与有效开发具有重大意义。本文阐述了我国网箱养殖工程发展现状和面临的主要问题,介绍了国外在深水抗风浪网箱和养殖工船方面的研发进展,指出未来离岸养殖工程发展趋势是养殖设施系统大型化、养殖环境生态化、养殖地域外向化、养殖过程低碳化,提出了我国离岸养殖工程发展战略目标是:至2020年,全面形成面向深海、合理分布于主权海域的海上水产品养殖生产与流通体系,实现海洋渔业由"捕"向"养"的根本性转变,建立领先于世界的工业化蓝色农业生产体系。 相似文献
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营养盐作为海水生物的基本生源要素,其含量与分布显著影响渔业资源分布与渔业活动。为了探究海洋牧场生态环境分布状况,并为海洋牧场的开发管理提供科学指导,于2017年12月—2018年9月对小竹山岛海洋牧场区进行4个航次的季度调查,分析并讨论了该海区营养盐分布特征,并针对虾夷扇贝(Patinopecten yessoensis)和深水网箱增养殖活动,选取海水营养水平指数、叶绿素a浓度、温度、盐度、水深和底质类型等指标,对增养殖适宜性进行了探究。结果显示,活性磷酸盐(DIP)浓度为冬季>夏季>秋季>春季,浓度值分别为0.032、0.021、0.017和0.015 mg/L。无机氮(DIN)浓度为秋季>冬季>夏季>春季,浓度值分别为0.26、0.21、0.20和0.18mg/L。DIP和DIN浓度在4个季节间差异明显,但季节内分布均匀。受到地形坡度和人工鱼礁投放的影响,在人工鱼礁投放区域的中下层水体有较高的营养盐浓度。增养殖适宜性结果显示,虾夷扇贝增养殖适宜性指数在冬季和夏季较高,适宜在海洋牧场西部区域进行增养殖活动。深水网箱增养殖适宜性指数在夏季和秋季较高,... 相似文献
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我国大黄鱼产业的发展现状与对策 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文综述了大黄鱼在我国海洋生态与渔业中的地位,以及大黄鱼养殖产业的发展历程、技术研究成果和存在问题,提出了年产值百亿元产业规模的发展目标和相关对策。 相似文献
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John Bostock Alistair Lane Courtney Hough Koji Yamamoto 《Aquaculture International》2016,24(3):699-733
This review paper examines the structure of the EU aquaculture sector, the contribution it makes to the EU economy and the policy environment for past and future development. The primary analysis uses statistical data from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations which has been re-categorized according to species groups established by the European Aquaculture Technology and Innovation Platform (EATiP) and by culture system type using expert knowledge. Additional data sources for the analysis include the European Market Observatory for Fisheries and Aquaculture Products (EUMOFA) and the European Commission Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries. EU aquaculture production was 1.34 million tonnes in 2012 with a first sale value of €4.76 billion. Shellfish comprised 45 % by volume and 28 % by value; marine fish 30 % by volume and 53 % by value; and freshwater fish 25 % by volume and 19 % by value. The total production volume has actually fallen slightly from 1.4 million tonnes in 2000, whilst the value has increased significantly from 2.79 billion in 2000, mainly due to a growth in Atlantic salmon production. Five countries accounted for around 78 % of the direct output value of EU aquaculture in 2012, the UK, France, Greece, Italy and Spain. Around 50 % of the direct output value was generated using marine cage systems (28 % by volume), whilst less than 3 % of value was generated in recirculated aquaculture systems (<1.5 % by volume). Around 5 % of value was contributed by extensive to semi-intensive inland and coastal pond systems. STECF (2014) estimates there are between 14,000 and 15,000 aquaculture enterprises in the EU employing around 80,000 people, approximately 40,000 full-time equivalent (FTE). The greatest number of jobs (FTE) is provided by the freshwater pond and suspended shellfish sectors due to much lower productivity figures. This could be seen as a social benefit in rural and coastal regions, but corresponding low wages could also discourage young entrants to the industry and lead to dependency on migrant workers. Where efficiencies can be improved through capital investment there is likely to be significant scope for consolidation of ownership as can be observed in the marine fish sector. The output from aquaculture has to find a place within the wider fish and seafood market where volumes are generally inversely related to price. The potential growth of the sector is therefore constrained both in relation to the overall market and with respect to competition from substitute products. These include product from EU capture fisheries as well as imports from third countries (sourced from aquaculture and capture fisheries). Whilst interactions between individual products can be hard to demonstrate, any increase in production costs is likely to lead to lower output volumes, whilst improvements in production efficiency can lead to increased output volumes. With around 60 % of EU fish and seafood supply obtained through imports, and little prospect of increasing outputs from capture fisheries, EU policy is generally supportive of sustainable aquaculture development for reasons of food security and economic development. The underlying basis for this is maximizing the quality and health benefits of farmed products, whilst improving resource efficiency and minimizing impacts. This is expressed through funding support for research and technological development and structural funds to the fisheries and aquaculture industries. However, constraints to growth also exist in the form of regulatory barriers and costs that reduce industry competitiveness. Changing market requirements are also a factor. Prospects for growth have been assessed using the results of EATiP stakeholder workshops combined with the analysis of the sector by system type. These suggest an overall increase in production by 55 % is possible by 2030 based mainly on expansion of marine cage-based farming using larger systems in more exposed sites and similarly shellfish farming using larger-scale suspended systems. Expansion of recirculated aquaculture systems appears likely based on entrepreneurial and European policy for research and technological development activity, although constrained by currently low competitiveness. 相似文献