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浅议工厂化养殖中的节能减排措施(一) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在一些发达国家,工厂化养鱼被认为是水产领域的一种先进模式。工厂化养鱼设施、技术日趋普及化、智能化和产业化。能代表工厂化养殖发展方向的,主要有两大方面:一是养殖工艺和设施的改进,包括养殖设备、仪器的自动化、智能化和养殖设施向节约型、环保型的改进;另一方面是养殖品种的改良,包括养殖品种数量的增多和养殖品种质量的提高。 相似文献
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可溯源与无线传感网技术在工厂化水产养殖中的应用研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了实现工厂化水产养殖中环境因子准确测控和水产品质量有效保障的目的,研发了一种基于无线传感网和可溯源技术相结合的智能系统在工厂化水产养殖中的应用方案系统利用无线射频识别技术(RFID)实现了可溯源功能,利用无线传感网技术实现了数据的采集与传输,利用计算机技术实现了对数据的处理分析,并得到控制信号.通过试验,溶解氧、温度、酸碱度(pH)等水环境因子参数控制范围达到了设计要求,可溯源信息写入与读取正确,能够满足工厂化水产养殖智能化的需要. 相似文献
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为了减少水产养殖污染,保证养殖生态系统的安全,提高生态环境质量,利用物联网技术设计并实现一种水产养殖智能监控系统。该系统通过智能传感器终端实现对养殖区域水质的溶氧、pH、水温、光照度、环境温度、环境湿度等参数的实时采集、远程显示和自动控制,实现远程智能养殖。同时,系统利用树莓派作为边缘算力设备,从感知层、传输层、边缘计算层、应用层四个主要方面对系统进行说明,通过智能算法实现实时精细化管理资源的目标,使数据可视、可信,进一步探究水产养殖方面进行智能化协同化的可行性。研究表明,该系统在实物模型上运行稳定、感知准确、控制及时和扩展性强等优点,可在水产养殖中进行推广和应用。 相似文献
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为明确叶尔羌河流域4种裂腹鱼的表型差异，实验整合传统形态学和框架分析法2个数据体系，利用多变量形态学统计分析法对叶尔羌河流域裂腹鱼类(4种，494尾，48组参数)开展分析。单因子方差分析结果显示，9个参数同时在4种裂腹鱼中存在显著差异，差异主要位于头部、前躯干部和后躯干部；主成分分析结果显示，重唇裂腹鱼与厚唇裂腹鱼形态数据在PC1轴上差异显著，主要反映头部特征；而框架数据结果显示，塔里木裂腹鱼和宽口裂腹鱼在第一主成分上差异较大，主要体现在后躯干部；2个数据体系逐步判别分析分别选取8个和6个主要参数建立判别公式，初始判别成功率分别为85.7%和75.7%，散点图组质心分离，样品重叠少；聚类分析结果显示，2个数据体系均分为2个分支，其中重唇裂腹鱼单独成一支，塔里木裂腹鱼与厚唇裂腹鱼在形态上距离较近，与宽口裂腹鱼次之。研究表明，2个数据体系中，形态数据表现较优于框架数据；叶尔羌河流域4种裂腹鱼外部形态存在显著差异，利用多元统计方法可以较好区分，但仍存在一定的重叠。 相似文献
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Je-Hyuk Lee 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(3):227-240
Among 51 marine algae distributed along the Korean coast, Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt, Ishige okamurae Yendo, Ecklonia cava Kjellman, Polysiphonia morrowii Harvey, Dictyopteris undulata Holmes, Sargassm micracanthum (Kutzing) Endlicher, and Sargassum macrocarpum C. Agarch were found to have potent antioxidant activity. Additionally, the reducing power of marine algae-extracts was consistent with diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. Because little is known about Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt, Ishige okamurae Yendo, Ecklonia cava Kjellman, Polysiphonia morrowii Harvey, Dictyopteris undulata Holmes, Sargassm micracanthum (Kutzing) Endlicher, and Sargassum macrocarpum C. Agarch, these marine algae may act as candidates for potent antioxidant food materials and are expected to have functional activity for foods and pharmaceuticals for treating oxidative diseases. 相似文献
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Positional distribution of fatty acids in triacyl-sn-glycerols (TAG) of the flathead flounder Hippoglossoides dubius has been reinvestigated in order to accurately determine the contents of tetracosahexaenoic acid (24:6n-3) in the sn-1, sn-2, and sn-3 positions. Flesh TAG obtained from three flounders were subjected to stereospecific analysis using a suitable procedure
for fish TAG analysis. The 24:6n-3 acid was found in the three positions at the concentrations of 0.3–5.5 mole% (the sn-1 position), 1.6–23.3 mole% (the sn-2 position), and 0.6–8.9 mole% (the sn-3 position). In contrast to a previous analysis, the present analysis revealed that 24:6n-3 is preferentially esterified
in the sn-2 position followed by the sn-3 and sn-1 positions. Other polyunsaturated fatty acids, docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3; DHA) and docosapentaenoic acid (22:5n-3; DPA),
showed a similar distribution pattern. These results indicate that the general tendency observed for long-chain polyunsaturated
fatty acids in marine fish TAG can be extended to the distribution of 24:6n-3 in flathead flounder TAG. Because the use of
flathead flounders is entirely for human food, we thus intake 24:6n-3 concentrated in the sn-2 position of their TAG. 相似文献
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Common carp were exposed to two routine therapeutic concentrations of copper sulfate (10 mg/l in 1 h and 1 mg/l in 24 h).
At different times after the copper sulfate bath (1, 2, 3, 7, 14 and 30 days), the copper concentrations in liver and muscle
of carp was determined by means of an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results showed that the concentration of copper
is significantly higher in liver than in muscle in all groups (p < 0.01). Concentrations of copper in liver and muscle in long-term bath groups were also significantly higher than short-term
bath (p < 0.05). The concentration of copper in the livers of the control group was 174.2 ± 5.2 mg/kg. This value was significantly
lower than the experimental groups even at 30 days after long-term baths (p < 0.01) but was not significantly higher than short-term bath (p > 0.05). The concentration of copper in the muscle of the control group was 22 ± 3.2 mg/kg, this value was significantly
lower than for the short-term and long-term groups (p < 0.01). In livers, copper concentrations in short and long-term bath increased to an average of 281.6 ± 17.1 and 397.8 ± 31.2 mg/kg,
respectively, by day 1 of treatment and then significantly declined to 189.8 ± 9.6 and 203.5 ± 8.9 mg/kg by 30 days post-treatment
(p < 0.05). In muscles, copper concentrations in short-term bath increased from 39.1 ± 4.7 in first day of treatment to 50.8 ± 6.5 mg/kg
in 30th day, but not significantly (p > 0.05), while in long-term bath it decreased significantly from 127 ± 13.6 to 43.2 ± 2.7 mg/kg (p < 0.05).
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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吉富罗非鱼与奥利亚罗非鱼完全双列杂交后代生长性能与肌肉营养成分的比较 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
以吉富罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)与奥利亚罗非鱼(O.aureus)为繁育亲本,采用完全杂交进行配组,分别对吉富罗非鱼奥利亚罗非鱼纯繁与正反交后代生长性能和肌肉营养成分进行了比较,并且研究了脂代谢相关基因mRNA水平与肌肉脂肪含量的相关性。将初始规格基本一致的4组F1罗非鱼饲养100 d后,吉富罗非鱼纯繁组F1特定生长率最高(P0.05),吉富罗非鱼奥利亚正反交组合无显著差异(P0.05),奥利亚纯繁组F1特定生长率最低(P0.05)。同时,奥利亚纯繁组F1的饲料转化率、肝体比与内脏比指数显著高于其他实验组(P0.05)。各实验组水分、灰分与粗蛋白含量间无显著差异(P0.05),吉富纯繁组F1的粗脂肪含量显著高于其他组合(P0.05)。奥利亚纯繁组F1的必需氨基酸、呈味氨基酸与氨基酸总含量均显著低于其他实验组(P0.05),4组F1的肌肉必需氨基酸组成均符合FAO/WHO的标准。吉富纯繁组F1的饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸、多不饱和脂肪酸以及n-6多不饱和脂肪酸含量均显著高于正反交组合与奥利亚纯繁组F1(P0.05)。肌肉FAS、LPL、HSL和G6PD mRNA水平与脂肪含量的相关性分析表明,FAS与G6PD mRNA水平与肌肉脂肪含量呈负相关,相关系数(R2)分别为0.761 5(P0.01)和0.538 7(P0.05);LPL和HSL mRNA水平与肌肉脂肪含量呈正相关,相关系数分别为0.782 5(P0.01)和0.562 4(P0.05)。研究结果表明,奥利亚纯繁组F1的生长与肌肉营养成分明显劣于其他实验组,证明杂交能够提高后代的生长性能,改良肌肉品质,增加选育的综合效果。同时,吉富罗非鱼奥利亚正反交组合间LPL与G6PD mRNA水平间无显著差异(P0.05),增加肌肉脂肪含量有助于提高LPL和HSL mRNA表达水平。 相似文献
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P. L. Lalrinsanga S. K. Chakraborty Alkesh Dwivedi Nimai Barman Niraj Kumar 《Journal Of Applied Aquaculture》2013,25(4):250-262
The effects of cryoprotectants and their concentrations, prefreezing temperature, equilibration time, thawing temperature, and the regenerative efficacy of cryopreserved vegetative thalli (apical tips) of Gracilaria corticata J. Agardh., Ulva lobata Duetzing, and Hypnea musiformis (Wulfar) Lamouroux were evaluated. The apical tips were suspended in various cryoprotective solutions and slowly cooled to ?40?C over a period of 4 h. After the slow cooling step, the suspensions were immediately immersed in liquid nitrogen (LN), which were thawed after 2 days. Both U. lobata and H. musiformis survived maximally in 10% DMSO, whereas 10% glycerol was found most suitable for G. corticata. A slow cooling temperature of ?40?C and thawing temperature of 40?C were found most suitable irrespective of the species. The equilibration time of 60 min was found most suitable for G. corticata, while 45 min was sufficient for both H. musiformi and U. lobata. Cryopreserved vegetative thalli were then successfully regenerated, though the survival was considerably reduced up to a period of 28 days after which it was stabilized. 相似文献
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Yoko Matsuo Yasushi Kasahara Atsushi Hagiwara Yoshitaka Sakakura Toshihisa Arakawa 《Fisheries Science》2006,72(5):948-954
The aim of this study was to develop an acute test for larval quality in the viviparous scorpionfish Sebastiscus marmoratus. Rearing experiments until day 13 post parturition were conducted to investigate the survival of larvae for 13 different
batches, and tolerance to starvation of larvae was examined and expressed by the survival activity index (SAI). The morphological
characters, enzyme activity, and swimming behavior of larvae on day 0 and 1 were also observed, followed by the correlation
analysis between SAI. Larvae with high SAI (≥26) showed significantly higher survival on day 13 than larvae with low SAI,
which confirmed that SAI is a reliable index that can be used to evaluate larval quality, similar to the former findings.
The esterase activity (r=−0.713, P<0.01), swim frequency (r=−0.735, P<0.01) and swimming speed (r=−0.588, P<0.05) of larvae on day 0 were significantly and negatively correlated with SAI. It was concluded that enzyme activity and
behavioral characters of larvae just after parturition can be a real-time index for evaluating the larval quality of this
species. 相似文献
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A total of 180 Labeo rohita fry (≈1 g) were distributed into six treatment groups with three replicates each. Six isoenergetic (15.8 kJ g?1) diets were prepared with varying levels of protein (CP) and gelatinized carbohydrate (GC), viz. D1: 450 g kg?1 CP, 258 g kg?1 GC; D2: 400 g kg?1 CP, 302 g kg?1 GC; D3: 350 g kg?1 CP, 399 g kg?1 GC; D4: 301 g kg?1 CP, 447 g kg?1 GC; D5: 249 g kg?1 CP, 517 g kg?1 GC and control diet, D6: 400 g kg?1 CP, 468 g kg?1 GC and these were fed to fish at 40 g kg?1 wet body weight per day for 60 days. Highest growth was recorded for fish fed D4, decreasing for D5. Protein utilization, amylase activity and carbohydrate digestibility were significantly positively correlated with GC (P < 0.05) and were highest in fish fed D5. Hypertrophy of hepatic cells was only recorded for D5. Lysine, which may be affected during gelatinization, was estimated in diets and found to be above the minimum level required. Survival rate was unaffected by diet. The results of the present study indicate that a diet containing 450 g kg?1 GC and 300 g kg?1 CP was efficiently utilized by L. rohita fry. 相似文献
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解放眉足蟹形态性状对重量性状影响的效果分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为研究解放眉足蟹(Blepharipoda liberate Shen)形态性状与重量性状的关系,测量了解放眉足蟹甲高(C)、体长(L)、甲长(L_1)、甲棘长(L_2)、棘间长(L_3)、棘间宽(W_1)、甲宽(W_2)、甲基宽(W_3)、第一腹节长(F_1)、第一腹节宽(F_2)、螯长(A_1)、螯棘长(A_2)、湿重(W_W)、干重(W_D)等14个生物学指标,通过相关分析、通径分析和回归分析等方法进行了研究。结果表明解放眉足蟹雌性个体在14个数量指标上显著高于雄性(P0.01),重量指标的变异系数大于形态指标,形态指标和重量指标呈极显著的相关关系(P0.01)。对于雄性个体而言,体长(L)、甲棘长(L_2)、棘间宽(W_1)对湿重、干重的直接作用和直接决定系数较大;对于雌性性个体而言,体长(L)、甲宽(W_2)对湿重、干重的直接作用和直接决定系数较大。雄性和雌性个体形态性状对湿重的回归方程分别为Y=-4.992+0.238L和Y=-9.903+0.285L+0.167W_2。雄性和雌性个体形态性状对干重的回归方程分别为Y=-1.523+0.082L-0.04W_1和Y=-2.65+0.098L。本研究可为解放眉足蟹选育评价提供相关参考。 相似文献