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胶质芽孢杆菌菌剂对四种蔬菜种子发芽及幼苗生长的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以胶质芽孢杆菌菌剂为研究对象,研究了其对黄瓜、番茄、茄子及辣椒4种蔬菜种子发芽率及幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:该菌剂处理的黄瓜、番茄、茄子和辣椒种子发芽率均高于对照组,依次是对照的1.10、1.10、1.07、1.07倍;处理组幼苗根长分别比对照增加3.76%、32.82%、1.50%和15.70%;处理组幼苗干质量分别比对照增加36.36%、-12.82%、3.13%、16.67%,G值、根冠比与对照无显著差异。综上所述,胶质芽孢杆菌菌剂能够提高4种蔬菜种子的发芽率,但对蔬菜幼苗根生长的影响因蔬菜种类不同而异。 相似文献
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从健康番茄植株根际土中分离筛选得到对番茄灰霉病菌和番茄叶霉病菌均有较强拮抗作用的生防细菌WXCDD51,通过形态特征、生理生化特征和16S r DNA序列分析鉴定其属于假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas sp.)。菌丝生长试验研究结果表明,该菌株的无菌滤液可以显著抑制番茄灰霉病菌和番茄叶霉病菌菌丝生长,抑制率分别为94.29%和94.06%;盆栽试验结果表明,该菌株可以有效防治番茄灰霉病和番茄叶霉病,防效分别为66.23%和69.45%;拮抗试验显示,该菌株对10种植物病原真菌均有不同程度的抑制作用,抑菌率在53.04%~94.59%;促生试验表明,该菌株对番茄种子萌发及幼苗生长均具有一定的促进作用,用浓度为10~6 cfu·mL~(-1)的菌液浸种处理,种子发芽率、胚根长度与对照相比分别增加80.0%和62.57%。用菌液(10~7 cfu·mL~(-1))灌根处理的番茄幼苗,其各项生理指标均显著高于对照;用菌液(10~7 cfu·mL~(-1))浸泡番茄果实可防止腐烂且对果实营养品质无不良影响。 相似文献
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以大白菜为试材,采用浸提液及秸秆腐解添加方法,研究了小麦秸秆添加对大白菜种子发芽及苗期生长的影响,以期为禾本科作物秸秆在蔬菜生产中的利用提供参考依据。结果表明:秸秆浸提液影响大白菜种子发芽,0.01g·mL~(-1)处理提高了大白菜种子发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数,0.02g·mL~(-1)处理增加了大白菜种子鲜质量,0.03g·mL~(-1)处理提高了大白菜种子发芽率及鲜质量;与对照(0%)相比,未腐解条件下,1.0%处理抑制大白菜出苗,抑制率为16.67%,对生长指标影响表现为对照0.5%1.0%1.5%2.0%,随着秸秆添加量的升高大白菜生长受到抑制;腐解试验中,1.0%与1.5%处理提高了出苗率,与对照相比分别提高了4.76%和19.04%,经过一定时间的腐解,幼苗生长受抑制程度降低,2.0%处理地上部鲜质量降低74.53%,干质量降低73.13%,而1.0%与1.5%处理对大白菜出苗率有一定的促进作用。 相似文献
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以辣椒品种"天椒11号"为试材,采用2.5%咯·恶霉灵、10%苯醚·嘧菌酯、10%甲霜·锰锌和17%多·福悬浮种衣剂包衣辣椒种子,以未包衣种子为对照,通过室内试验和田间试验研究不同种衣剂对辣椒幼苗生长和立枯病的防治效果,以期筛选出适于新疆辣椒生产的种衣剂,为辣椒高产栽培提供参考依据。结果表明:与对照相比,4种种衣剂处理均能提高辣椒种子发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数和活力指数,增加幼苗株高、根长、茎粗、叶龄、鲜干质量,抑制辣椒立枯病病菌效果较好,5种浓度下抑菌率在44.67%~91.33%,田间立枯病防效为61.97%~86.21%。综合各指标,10%苯醚·嘧菌酯悬浮种衣剂处理效果最佳。 相似文献
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以草地早熟禾为研究材料,研究了不同浓度的重金属离子镉(Cd~(2+))、铜(Cu~(2+))和铅(Pb~(2+))对其种子萌发、幼苗生长及光合特性的影响。结果表明:低浓度的Cd~(2+)(10mg·kg-1)和Cu~(2+)(100mg·kg-1)处理时,对草地早熟禾种子萌发有一定的促进作用,发芽率分别达到了96.2%和94.2%,发芽指数分别为9.8和9.7,均高于对照;当Cd~(2+)浓度高于10mg·kg-1、Cu~(2+)浓度高于100mg·kg-1时,种子发芽率和发芽指数均低于对照。当Cu~(2+)浓度低于200mg·kg-1时,随着浓度的增大,幼苗的株高、总根长和地上生物量以及叶绿素含量和Fv/Fm值有一定的增加;当Cu~(2+)浓度高于200mg·kg-1时,随着浓度的增大,则呈下降趋势。而随着Pb~(2+)浓度的增加,草地早熟禾种子的萌发、幼苗的生长及光合效率均逐渐下降,且低于对照。 相似文献
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以中间锦鸡儿和玉米、苏丹草、高丹草种子为试材,以蒸馏水为对照,采用培养皿滤纸法,研究了不同梯度(0.5、1.0、5.0、10.0、25.0mg·mL~(-1))中间锦鸡儿花水浸提液对3种受体作物种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响,以期对农林复合系统生产和构建提供理论依据和有益参考。结果表明:随着中间锦鸡儿花水浸提液质量浓度的增加,受体作物玉米、苏丹草、高丹草种子的平均发芽率和发芽指数均表现"低浓度促进,高浓度抑制"效应,但不同质量浓度水浸提液对3种农作物种子发芽的影响有差异性,在质量浓度为1.0mg·mL~(-1)时,3种农作物的种子相对发芽率间无显著差异(P0.05),除玉米外,另外2种受体作物种子的平均发芽率均表现为促进作用,且对高丹草的促进作用最大,RI=13.70%;在高浓度浸提液(C≥5.0mg·mL~(-1))处理下3种受体作物种子的发芽指数与对照均表现显著差异(P0.05)。玉米、苏丹草和高丹草的胚根、胚芽对中间锦鸡儿花水浸提液的化感效应均表现为"浓度效应";3种受体作物的苗高随着浸提液处理浓度的增大表现为"低促高抑",高浓度的浸提液对高丹草幼苗高度的抑制作用最强。花水浸提液对苏丹草和高丹草的幼苗干重化感效应表现为"低促高抑"效应,而对玉米幼苗干重表现为"高浓度抑制"效应。中间锦鸡儿花水浸提液对3种受体作物的化感作用综合效应大小依次为高丹草玉米苏丹草。 相似文献
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微量元素对番茄种子萌发的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以番茄种子做试验材料,以种子发芽势,发芽率,全株干重、G值、发芽指数、活力指数等作为指标,考查不同浓度的CuSO4、MnSO4、ZnSO4等常用浸种药剂对番茄种子萌发及幼苗生长发育的影响.结果表明:在一定的浓度范围内,所有CuSO4处理对番茄种子的萌发呈抑制作用,而浓度为0.1 g/L和0.5 g/L的MnSO4与ZnSO4浸种提高了番茄种子的发芽率和发芽势;3种试剂浸种均能促进番茄幼苗的生长发育,提高幼苗的质量;其中浓度为0.1 g/L的MnSO4处理浸种效果最佳,其全株干重、G值和活力指数与对照相比增加了76.01%、75.29%和85.75%.既促进了种子的萌发,又促进了其幼苗的生长发育. 相似文献
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The effects of combinations of salinity (no salt, 2000 p.p.m. or 4000 p.p.m. of CaCl2 and NaCl, 1:1) and water table (30 cm, 60 cm or 90 cm from the soil surface), on the vegetative growth and tolerance of ‘Golden Japanese’ plum and ‘Mit Ghamre’ and ‘Balady’ peaches were studied. The plants were grown in lysimeters. The growth of the trunk, total shoot length, the increase in shoot length per cm and the fresh weight of top, root and total plant were reduced with increasing salinity of the irrigation water. The effect was accentuated when the plants were maintained at high water table level. The salinity treatments resulted in the death of 43%, 73% and 76% of the plants in the plum, and the ‘Mit Ghamre’ and ‘Balady’ peaches, respectively, indicating that the plum is more tolerant to salinity than the peach. The plants of the salinity treatments showed various symptoms of salt injury, such as leaf burn, defoliation, shoot die-back and finally death. In the peaches, salt injury started to occur in the first growing-season, whereas the salt injury appeared in the plum in the second growing-season. The symptoms were more pronounced in the 4000 p.p.m. treatment than in the 2000 p.p.m. treatment and were more pronounced at the high water table level. The salinity level was the predominant factor and the effect of the water table on the vegetative growth diminished with increase in the salinity level of the irrigation water. 相似文献
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AIM：To establish a fast, accurate and economical technique for culturing mouse pulmonary arteriolar smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), and to explore the effects of hypoxia on the proliferation and apoptosis of the PASMCs. METHODS：In sterile condition, the pulmonary artery was isolated from the male BALB/c mice by digesting with collagenase I, and the cells were cultured in fetal bovine serum-coated flask. Centrifugal procedure was not used during the cell passage. The cell morphology was observed under an inverted phase-contrast microscope. α-Smooth muscle actin was identified by immunocytochemistry and immunofluorescence. The effects of hypoxia on the proliferation and apoptosis of the PASMCs were detected by CCK-8 assay and TUNEL assay. RESULTS：PASMCs were identified by the methods of immunocytochemistry, immunofluorescence staining and observation of morphology. Unlike the rat PASMCs with typical subcultured peak-vally pattern, the mouse PASMCs showed a lot different without a peak-vally pattern. The cells could be subcultured after 5 d to 7 d and there was 3 to 5 generations depending on the activity of the cells. CCK-8 assay demonstrated that the A values of PASMCs exposed to hypoxia increased after 24 h (P＜0.05) as compared with normoxia. TUNEL result showed that the apoptotic index of the PASMCs in hypoxia decreased after 24 h (P<0.05). CONCLUSION：This technique for obtaining cultured mouse PASMCs is simple, fast, accurate and economical. The digestion time is easy to control. Hypoxia promotes the proliferation and inhibits the apoptosis of PASMCs. 相似文献
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小檗碱和壳聚糖抗蔬菜病原真菌活性测定及复合膜制备 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
研究了小檗碱和壳聚糖对几种常见蔬菜病原真菌的抑制活性,以及以小檗碱和壳聚糖为主料制备复合膜的方法,并测定了该膜的药物释放效果。试验表明:低浓度(0.234 mg/mL)小檗碱即可抑制辣椒炭疽病菌(Vermicularia capsici)等5种蔬菜病原真菌的生长。20 mg/mL浓度壳聚糖对番茄灰霉病菌(Botrytis cinerea)的抑制率高达65%,而对其余4种果蔬病原真菌也有一定的抑制作用。为了集成这2种天然化合物的优点,制备了小檗碱-壳聚糖复合膜,该膜具有缓释功能,在模拟外部环境(磷酸缓冲液,pH 6.8)条件下,20 d小檗碱累计释放率接近25%,提示其在果蔬贮藏抗菌中的应用价值。 相似文献
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Fresh onion seeds desiccated to 6.0% seed moisture content (SMC) were stored in various packaging materials under different storage conditions. Seeds packed in aluminum-laminated pouches beside those stored with silica gel at 25 °C maintained satisfactory germinability and vigour after 12 months. Desiccated seeds stored in moisture impervious containers produced more vigourous seedlings. Germination potential of onion seeds increased with reduced SMC besides storage in moisture impervious packets along with desiccants as physiological and biochemical attributes are regulated. Seed viability and vigour decreased with accelerated ageing due to increased lipid peroxidation, decreased activities of several free radical and peroxide scavenging enzymes. Electrical conductance of seed leachates also increased with ageing. Thus, adoption of appropriate storage temperature and moisture control techniques would significantly affect onion seed quality, which was due to minimum accumulation of free peroxide radicals and enhanced activity of free radical scavenging enzymes. 相似文献
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以大荔县冬枣种植区采集的发病枣果为试材,采用常规组织分离法进行病原菌的分离纯化,通过柯赫氏证病法则、形态学观察及分子生物学分析,研究鉴定了冬枣黑斑病和炭疽病的病原菌种类,并采用田间调查法对2种病害为害特征进行比较分析,以期为田间有效区分冬枣黑斑病和炭疽病为害症状,并快速判断其病原类型,及进一步深入开展精准防控提供参考和指导.结果表明:陕西大荔冬枣黑斑病的病原菌为细极链格孢(Alternaria tenuissima),炭疽病的病原菌为胶孢炭疽菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides).2种病害均主要为害枣果实,在枣果果腰或果肩上形成黑褐色病斑,可能同时存在且症状相近极易混淆,但在病斑表面、皮下及久置表型3个方面存在明显区别. 相似文献
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钾肥在小白菜和萝卜上的施用效果 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
采用盆栽试验方法研究了施用钾肥对小白菜、萝卜生长发育、产量、品质及钾素含量的影响。结果表明 ,施用钾肥对小白菜和水萝卜的株高、叶片数无显著的影响 ,但可提高水萝卜块根的产量 ,提高幅度为 31.0 4 %～ 97.93%。施用钾肥可提高小白菜和萝卜的蛋白质和VC含量 ,降低硝酸盐含量 ,增加植株的钾素含量 相似文献