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火炬松不同种源纸浆材材性的变异 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
1983年火炬松31个种源引种栽培在浙江富阳中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所实验林场,研究表明该批种源间10年生树木生长量和纸浆材材性因子如晚材率、管胞形态特征值(管胞长度、宽度、腔径、壁厚、长宽比、腔径比、壁腔比)、管胞S2层微纤丝角和木材基本密度存在着显著差异,木材主要化学成分中纤维素和木素含量种源间存在着显著差异,而戊聚糖和苯醇浸提物含量种源间差异不显著.这些材性特征除了木材化学性状因子外,均受中等以上程度遗传控制.木材纤维素、木素、戊聚糖和苯醇浸提物含量的广义遗传力分别为0.088、0.003、0.340和0.307,其余性状广义遗传力均大于0.50.引种地栽培环境对木材性状有显著影响.种源原产地纬度与树木生长量、管胞宽度、管胞直径和管胞微纤丝角呈负相关,与晚材率、木材密度呈正相关.31个种源树木胸高直径与管胞长宽比、管胞壁腔比、木材密度呈显著负相关,与管胞宽度、管胞直径、管胞腔径比呈正相关. 相似文献
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不同种源思茅松人工林林木干材管胞形态特征的差异研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
对思茅、墨江、镇沅、景谷、宁洱5个种源13年生的思茅松人工林林木干材管胞的形态特征进行了显微观测并对其的差异作了分析研究.结果表明:5个种源间的思茅松人工林其林木干材各年轮的管胞长度、宽度、长宽比在F0.05水平上差异不显著,在种源选择时可不考虑管胞形态特征等因子的影响;从其干材管胞长度和长宽比上看均符合造纸材的要求;种源内和种源间,其林木干材各管胞的形态特征值与年龄都有很好的相关性,由此建立了相应的回归方程,其回归效果较理想. 相似文献
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杂种落叶松F2代自由授粉家系纸浆材遗传变异及多性状联合选择 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
对17年生7个杂种落叶松自由授粉家系和3个对照子代测定林(共10个处理)的生长和材性性状进行遗传变异分析、相关分析、综合指数评价与选择.结果表明:生长与材性性状家系间、家系内均存在较大的变异,除单位面积管胞数量外,其他性状晚材的变异系数均大于早材;材积、管胞长宽比和树脂道比量变异系数较大(26.2%～85.3%).基本密度、早材微纤丝角、管胞比量变异系数较小(1.4%～8.1%).方差分析表明:处理间综纤维素含量,早、晚材微纤丝角,管胞长宽比,晚材径向直径、胞壁率、壁腔比,管胞比量差异显著;材积、管胞长、弦向直径、早材和晚材单位面积管胞数量差异极显著,家系遗传力为59.3%～92.7%,家系水平的材性改良潜力较大.材积与综纤维素含量成极显著正相关,与早材和晚材微纤丝角、弦向直径、晚材壁腔比和管胞比量成正相关,与管胞长宽比和晚材单位面积管胞数量成负相关;基本密度与材积成微弱的负相关,与综纤维素含量成显著的负相关,与管胞长宽比、早材微纤丝角、晚材单位面积管胞数量成正相关;综纤维素含量与管胞长宽比和晚材单位面积管胞数量成负相关;管胞长宽比与晚材壁腔比成极显著负相关;晚材微纤丝角与管胞比量成显著的正相关.对生长和材性进行综合评价,选出I3,I4,I93个比较理想的多性状指数方程.适合作纸浆林培育的家系为兴7×日77-2、日5×长77-3和日3×兴9.入选率30%时,各性状家系遗传增益分别为:材积34.7%,综纤维素含量7.5%,晚材壁腔比11.0%,晚材胞壁率6.2%,管胞长宽比4.5%,晚材微纤丝角3.2%,管胞比量0.3%. 相似文献
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对广西杉木(Cunninghamia lancelata)良种及普通种8年、9年、10年、11年和16年生木材的管胞长度、管胞宽度、管胞长宽比、管胞双壁厚、管胞腔径比和管胞壁腔比进行了测定和分析。结果表明:杉木材性与林龄呈正相关,不同林龄之间其管胞长度、宽度、长宽比和双壁厚差异均显著,但良种杉木材的管胞腔径比和壁腔比无显著差异;良种杉木材性未随着生长量的快速增加而变差,8~11年生良种杉木的材性指标明显优于普通种,其木材利用率也相应高于同龄的普通种杉木材;10年生以后良种杉木的管胞形态综合评分处于中上水平,即使进行短周期经营其材性指标也符合相关加工利用参数要求。 相似文献
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方文彬 《中南林业科技大学学报(自然科学版)》1985,(2)
对赞比亚五种造纸材纤维形态数值进行量定分析,结果表明:四种松木管胞长度为3335—4088μm,平均3800μm,宽度为35—43μm,平均39μm。管胞长宽比为82—121,平均99;壁腔比为0.24—0.33,平均0.28;柔性系数为0.77—0.82,平均0.80;差异壁厚为1.1—2.1,平均1.7。与马尾松比较。平均管胞长度和平均差异壁厚相同;平均长宽比和平均壁腔比较马尾松大;柔性系数较马尾松小。友桉的木纤维长度中等,为1133μm,宽度为14μm。木纤维长宽比81,壁腔比0.75,柔性系数为0.55,差异壁厚为1.1。上述分析结果,说明赞比亚五种木材是优良的造纸材。其中以苏门答腊松最好,米却肯松和卵果松次之,卡西亚松稍差。友按比柳桉(造纸材)优良。因此,建议在我国南方各省进行引种,以扩大连纸材和纤维工业用材来源。 相似文献
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马尾松无性系种子园半同胞子代变异分析和家系选择 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
以福建省漳平五一林场马尾松无性系种子园自由授粉子代半同胞家系为研究对象,分析其树高、胸径、材积、冠幅、通直度、高径比、冠径比、木材基本密度、管胞长度和宽度、管胞长宽比等性状,发现家系间除管胞长宽比性状差异显著,其余性状均达差异极显著,暗示着马尾松种子园半同胞家系间存在较为丰富的变异,具选育潜力。8年生林分内各性状的家系遗传力以树高性状为最高(0·691),其次是木材基本密度(0·640)。各性状间的相关性分析结果表明,生长量性状的改良可间接改善通直度,且生长量性状与木材基本密度存在显著正相关关系,木材基本密度与管胞长度和宽度不相关。采用10%入选率,发现5年生林分和8年生林分入选家系一致,材积遗传增益分别达19·74%和19·23%,且5年生林分和8年生林分生长量性状的遗传相关极显著,认为马尾松制浆造纸材短轮伐期的初选年龄可确定为5年生;根据性状遗传力的相对大小和典型相关分析的结果,认为马尾松家系选择可适当注重树高生长量指标。以树高和材积为选择指标,按照10%入选率,兼顾材性和种子园内无性系的开花结实情况,筛选出制浆造纸材短轮伐期优良家系12个。 相似文献
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不同湿地松种源木材材性遗传变异的研究 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
本文对浙江省长乐林场的湿地松 (Pinuselliottii) 18个种源的木材性质进行测定与分析。结果表明 ,种源间木材气干密度、抗弯强度、抗弯弹性模量和顺纹抗压强度差异极显著 ;管胞长度与宽度、冲击韧性差异显著 ,而管胞壁厚及胞壁率差异不显著 ;种源内木材气干密度、力学强度及胞壁率差异不显著 ,管胞长、宽和壁厚的差异均显著且高于种源间的差异。实验结果表明在种源水平上 ,进行木材气干密度、力学强度和管胞形态的种源选择 ,可取得良好的效果 ;种源内个体管胞形态 (管胞长、宽和壁厚 )变异大于种源间的差异 ,表明湿地松种源材质改良如在种源选择基础上进行个体改良会取得更好的增益。 18个种源木材管胞长度及宽度、管胞壁厚、胞壁率的广义遗传力分别为 :0 36 15、0 5 993、0 74 73、0 16 98;木材气干密度、抗弯强度、抗弯弹性模量、顺纹抗压强度与冲击韧性的广义遗传力分别为 :0 4 14 2、0 2 6 4 6、0 10 82、0 2 977和 0 12 4 6 ;种源树高及胸径的广义遗传力为 :0 4 0 5 7和 0 4 74 7;说明湿地松种源木材管胞性状、木材气干密度及树木生长性状 (胞壁率除外 )受中度或弱度遗传控制 ,通过一定强度的选择 ,能获得较高的遗传增益。本研究还从树木生长性状与管胞形态、力学强度方面对 18个种源进 相似文献
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对10个10年生日本落叶松无性系的木材基本密度、管胞参数进行了测定.结果表明:木材基本密度,早、晚材管胞宽度和早材长宽比无性系间差异显著;木材基本密度,早、晚材管胞长度,早晚材管胞宽度和早晚材长宽比径向变异模式相似,即从髓心向外以曲线形式不断增加,有时亦有起伏;早材从髓心向外以近似直线的形式缓慢增加,晚材从髓心向外以曲线形式增加,初期增加幅度较大,到一定年龄后趋于水平变化并略有波动;材质性状与树木年轮间的关系以对数方程、幂函数方程、指数方程拟合效果较好;除了晚材壁腔比和早材壁厚外,其它木材性质的重复力均在0.5以上,受中度或中度以上的遗传制约,按照20%的选择率,长宽比和晚材管胞长能获得较高的遗传增益. 相似文献
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采用胸径木芯与伐倒木取样方法,对24年生长白落叶松优树子代测定林14个处理的生长性状、木芯材质性状、解析木材质性状及其制浆造纸特性进行了研究,结果表明:生长性状、木芯基本密度、木芯管胞性状均存在丰富的变异;家系间生长性状差异极显著;木芯基本密度、木芯管胞性状差异显著,家系遗传力在0.56 0.80之间;解析木基本密度、早材微纤丝角、管胞长度、早材壁腔比、木质素、阿拉伯糖含量、抗张强度、撕裂度等差异极显著,家系遗传力在0.64 0.86之间;晚材率、管胞长宽比、综纤维素含量等差异显著,家系遗传力在0.51 0.61,家系水平的材性改良潜力较大。生长性状与木芯管胞长度呈极显著正相关,与木芯基本密度、管胞长宽比相关不显著;木芯基本密度、管胞长度、管胞宽度以及管胞长宽比与解析木相应性状呈极显著正相关关系,且回归模型较为理想,可以利用胸径木芯各性状值预测其单株值,间接选择和评价纸浆材优良家系。通过生长性状、木芯基本密度和木芯管胞长宽比综合分析选出166、169为优良家系,根据解析木生长、材质以及纸张物理性状选出的优良家系与其结果一致。优良家系材积、木芯基本密度和木芯管胞长宽比的遗传增益(超过对照)分别为48.34%(38.80%)、14.01%(3.63%)和19.89%(6.42%)。 相似文献
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P. K. Chandrasekhara Pillai R. C. Pandalai T. K. Dhamodaran K. V. Sankaran 《New Forests》2013,44(4):521-532
The effect of nitrogen addition and weed management on fibre properties of wood from 6.5-year-old Eucalyptus grandis and E. tereticornis from intensively managed short-rotation plantations were investigated. Trees for analyses were sampled from plots with zero nitrogen input (n = 4), plots with high level (187 kg N ha?1) nitrogen input (n = 4), plots from which weed growth was not removed throughout the rotation (n = 4) and plots from which weeds were removed periodically (n = 4). Fibre characteristics were evaluated on wood samples collected from base, breast height, 50, 75 and 100 % of merchantable bole height of trees. Though N input and weed management improved tree growth significantly irrespective of species, the treatment effects did not cause any significant change in fibre characteristics such as fibre length, fibre diameter, lumen width and wall thickness. Longest and widest fibres were observed at the outer most radial portion of wood in all cases. In general, within tree fibre length varied significantly along the radial direction of wood. Fibre diameter, lumen width and wall thickness lacked any specific pattern between species and treatments. Runkel ratio and felting and flexibility coefficients values showed high pulping quality of wood irrespective of species and treatments. The study concluded that the fibre properties that influence pulpwood quality of Eucalyptus have not been affected by silvicultural practices, like fertilizer input and weed management, aimed at improving productivity of short-rotation eucalypt plantations. 相似文献
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日本落叶松纸浆材优良家系多性状联合选择 总被引：15，自引：1，他引：15
以12年生日本落叶松自由授粉家系子代测定林为研究对象,对生长、干形和材性性状进行相关分析、通径分析及间接选择研究,利用综合选择指数法开展了日本落叶松纸浆材优良家系选择,并为湖北等亚热带高海拔山区筛选出一批生长、干形和材性兼优的家系,最后提出了日本落叶松纸浆材选育指标及优良家系利用途径。研究表明:生长性状与纤维长度之间存在显著正相关关系,与壁腔比之间存在显著负相关关系,与木材密度、1%NaOH抽出物、综纤维素含量间相关不显著;木材密度与主枝长之间,纤维长度与主枝长、主枝粗和新枝粗之间,晚材壁腔比与主枝粗、主枝长、皮厚、冠幅、新枝数之间,1%NaOH抽出物与主枝长之间存在显著正相关关系。各控制性状对单木材积直接作用的大小依次为:胸径、树高、主枝长、壁腔比、主枝粗、皮厚、冠幅、晚材纤维长和早材纤维长,其中胸径和树高2个性状对单株材积性状的直接作用占材积总变异的63%,虽然冠幅、壁腔比等性状对单木材积的直接控制作用很小,但这些性状通过胸径对单木材积具有很大的间接遗传控制作用,由这9个性状组成的控制系统可以说明单木材积变异的98.66%。 相似文献
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对13个桉树无性系的生长性状、木材纤维形态和化学组分等性能进行测定与分析,并经多性状综合评判,选择出生长量、生物量和纤维产量高且材质优良,可作为纤维材在闽南山地重点推广应用的优等无性系C1、C6、C9和C10,近4年生平均树高、胸径、杆材重量、纤维产量分别可达16.0 m、13.9 cm、47.5 kg.株-1和21.9 kg.株-1,木材基本密度、纤维长度、长宽比分别为0.569 g.cm-3、0.926 mm和56.3;选出生长量(产量)较高且材质优良的无性系有EC1、C2、C3、C4,这些无性系可根据闽南山地的具体立地条件有选择地应用。 相似文献
15.
The extent of genetic variation in seed length, width, thickness, weight and germination percentage and seedling traits among
and within 12 African provenances of Faidherbia albida was examined. The regional provenances showed a consistent variation
in seed length, seed width and seed weight: the southern African provenances had the largest seeds and west African provenances
the smallest. Seedling height, stem collar diameter and true leaf number differed (P = 0.05) among the provenances 90 days
after germination. The seedlings from west Africa were shorter, had smaller stem collar diameter and fewer leaves. In contrast,
the southern and east African provenances had taller seedlings with bigger seedling diameter and more leaves per seedling.
Seedling traits did not show clear-cut divisions between southern and east African provenances, but the west African provenances
formed a distinct group. Positive correlations were found in some of the seed characteristics and seedling height among provenances,
which could be an important criterion for early provenance selection. Greater variation was observed for seed and seedling
traits among than within provenances suggesting that selection among provenances might result in rapid genetic gain for the
traits studied.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
16.
《林业研究》2017,(5)
Cordia africana is a very important indigenous tree species for timber and other products and services in Ethiopia.Seed traits and seedling vigour of seeds from 12 provenances of the species were compared.Mean seed mass for each provenance was assessed for 1000 seeds in10 replications,and seed length and width were measured for 100 seeds in four replications per provenance.Germination was assessed in a glasshouse taking 400 seeds from each provenance.Root collar diameter and height of 440 seedlings grown in a nursery for 290 days in Addis Ababa were measured.Seed length,seed width,seed mass,and shoot height and root collar diameter of seedlings showed significant differences(P0.001) among provenances.Correlation analysis between seed and seedling traits and environmental variables revealed significant positive correlations between seed width and germination percentage,seed width and altitude,seed width and longitude and seed length and latitude.Negative correlations were obtained between seed width and temperature,seed width and rainfall,seed mass and temperature,and germination and temperature of the seed source.As expected,differences in seed trait did not explain the variability in seedling vigour.Determining quantitative variations in seed traits and seedling vigour among provenances and the patterns along environmental gradients are essential for informing decisions on the tree improvement programme of the species. 相似文献
17.
ZHAO Rongjun FEI Benhua JIANG Zehui Research Institute of Wood Industry Chinese Academy of Forestry Beijing P.R.China 《中国林业科技(英文版)》2007,6(3):33-39
In order to better understand the reasons why eucalypt veneer checks easily and severely, wood samples of three eucalypt species were selected, and their anatomical and physical properties were examined according to conventional methods and the national standards. The effects of variances in cell wall thickness of wood fibre and vessel, and diameter of the cell lumen as well as the tissue ratio on the quality of plywood veneer were analysed. The results show that： 1） There is a great difference in fibre cell wall thickness and diameter of the cell lumen between early wood and late wood of Eucalyptus delegatensis. 2） E. obliqua has a high wood fibre tissue ratio and the thickest fibre cell wall, but the difference inthe fibre cell wall thickness between early wood and late wood is the smallest. 3） The wood fibre tissue ratio of E. regnans is smaller than that of E. obliqua, and its wood fibre cell wall isthe thinnest and there is only a very small difference in fibre cell wall thickness between early wood and late wood. The difference inthe diameter of wood fibre cell lumen among early wood, transition area and late wood is also small： 4） E. delegatensis has the highest tangential shrinkage rate and radial-tangential shrinkage rate, andE. obliqua has the lowest. It is the variability of wood anatomical properties of these species that cause the difference in the veneer shrinkagei and then affects plywood veneer quality. 相似文献
18.
Wood quality data from 33 sites aged between 15 and 18 years old were analysed to determine the effect of prior land use (pasture, cleared grazing land or timber) on wood density, wood stiffness, fibre length and kraft pulp yield. Sampling sites covered 6 different forest areas within the estate. Prior land use (PLU) significantly affected wood stiffness, density and fibre length but not the kraft pulping traits. In contrast, differences were found between different forest areas for the kraft pulping traits plus fibre length but not for stiffness or density. 相似文献
19.
Cordia africana is a very important indigenous tree species for timber and other products and services in Ethiopia. Seed traits and seedling vigour of seeds from 12 provenances of the species were compared. Mean seed mass for each provenance was assessed for 1000 seeds in 10 replications, and seed length and width were measured for 100 seeds in four replications per provenance. Germination was assessed in a glasshouse taking 400 seeds from each provenance. Root collar diameter and height of 440 seedlings grown in a nursery for 290 days in Addis Ababa were measured. Seed length, seed width, seed mass, and shoot height and root collar diameter of seedlings showed significant differences (P < 0.001) among provenances. Correlation analysis between seed and seedling traits and environmental variables revealed significant positive correlations between seed width and germination percentage, seed width and altitude, seed width and longitude and seed length and latitude. Negative correlations were obtained between seed width and temperature, seed width and rainfall, seed mass and temperature, and germination and temperature of the seed source. As expected, differences in seed trait did not explain the variability in seedling vigour. Determining quantitative variations in seed traits and seedling vigour among provenances and the patterns along environmental gradients are essential for informing decisions on the tree improvement programme of the species. 相似文献