共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
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2008年初,海南省遭受持续24 d低温阴雨,对海南省海口、儋州等14个市县的行道树印度紫檀造成不同程度的危害。通过对印度紫檀寒害的情况调查,分析寒害的症状,介绍了寒害前预防和寒害后补救措施。 相似文献
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指出了在大力发展海南天然橡胶种植的过程中,注重生态环境的保护是必不可少的,但是,海南天然橡胶种植过程中的生态保护并没有相关的法规予以明确的规定,还存在布局不合理、种植者素质不高等问题。从修改《海南省天然橡胶保护管理暂行条例》,对天然橡胶进行绿色补贴,积极发展替代性资源等方面,提出了海南省天然橡胶种植中的生态保护对策,最终建立海南天然橡胶生态保护法律制度。 相似文献
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天然橡胶产业链是将天然橡胶种植、加工、贸易等环节连成的有机整体。有效的产业链管理是天然橡胶产业健康持续发展的根本。本文选取海南省天然橡胶产业链作为研究对象,使用海南省134家天然橡胶种植户与加工企业的问卷调查数据建立结构方程模型,实证分析了天然橡胶产业链组织效率的影响因素及因素间的相互关系,为加强天然橡胶产业链的组织合作提供参考。 相似文献
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海南橡胶一定种植保有量的法律思考 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
文章通过分析海南橡胶种植面临的困境,从修订《海南省天然橡胶保护管理暂行条例》、完善橡胶种植扶持制度、形成技术植胶的保证机制及建立政策性天然橡胶农业保险等方面,提出海南橡胶一定种植保有量的法律保护对策. 相似文献
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<正>在我国发展天然橡胶,寒害是个突出的问题。为解决这一问题采取的各种措施中,胶林人工落叶已作为防寒新途径之一而引起注意。本文就橡胶林落叶期气象效应与防寒问题提出一些看法。 相似文献
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《热带农业科技》2015,(3)
要:通过对2013年云南河口植胶区4个农场橡胶幼林普查资料和2000年以后多次低温寒害的分析表明:橡胶林更新时间和面积与寒害出现时间及危害程度有关;2000年后新植和更新种植的幼林普遍大量种植云研77-4新品种,过于单一的品种结构为植胶业留下新的隐患。针对橡胶林更新现状,提出要提高对胶园更新的正确认识,合理规划,多品种配置植胶,提高橡胶树群体抗御自然灾害的能力,及建设新一代高产稳产胶园的建议;并对在寒害频繁的河口地区如何巩固和发展天然橡胶产业进行了探讨,认为要转变理念,重新科学定位和规划植胶区域,探索经济、社会、生态效益更好的种植和经营模式,创建与其它产业经济互利共存的环境友好型生态胶园。 相似文献
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Tapping-tree density in rubber plantations affects the production of dry rubber. Farmers can estimate rubber productivity when they know with certainty the number of tapping trees within a plantation and can therefore increase productivity through optimized planting schematics. Historical data on planting distance between trees and between rows, planting density (trees/ha) and tapping-tree density (number of trees under tapping for latex harvest per hectare) from 1952 to 2014 have been collected for plantations in the Hainan, Yunnan and Guangdong provinces of South China. A plantation survey was conducted to collect more detailed data on current tapping tree and planting densities in various plantations in the three provinces. Planting density and row spacing are found to have increased with rubber tree planting time and plant spacing to have declined from 1952 to 2014. Tapping-tree density of rubber plantations from 1955 to 1995 in South China ranges from 270 to 345 tree/ha, averaging 300 trees/ha. Strong typhoons and cold snaps are important drivers of fluctuations in tapping-tree density. The factors driving tapping-tree density are similar across the three provinces but the degree of change differs between provinces. Tapping panel dryness (due to tapping beyond the natural limit of the rubber tree productivity), severe wind damage and cold damage are the major factors resulting in loss of tapping trees in plantations in South China. These results suggest that a combination of environmental management for extreme weather and targeted breeding could improve tapping-tree density in rubber plantation and therefore dry rubber yield per unit area. 相似文献
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橡胶树风灾保险处理实践与改进 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
简要描述了热带风暴"天鹅"对海南农垦橡胶树造成的灾害,分析了风灾保险的处理过程和发现的问题,探讨保险条款释义和实务操作等环节上的改进,以期完善海南橡胶树风灾保险工作。 相似文献
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Currently, the one of great threats to tropical biodiversity is the conversion of natural ecosystems to agriculture, and this threat is particularly critical on Hainan, the largest tropical island in China and a global biodiversity hotspot. Rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) has been planted on Hainan since the 1950s, resulting in extensive replacement of native forest, and the rate of this transformation has increased with latex prices since the 1990s. Rubber plantations now cover ca. 506,680 ha on Hainan and reach ca 1,000 m in elevation. To investigate the effect of this land-use change, we compared avian communities between a rubber plantation and a native secondary semi-deciduous monsoon forest. We found that species richness was higher in the native forest than in rubber, and that community composition differed greatly between the two habitats. No strict frugivores were recorded in rubber and no granivores in semi-deciduous monsoon forest. In both richness and abundance, more nectarivores and fewer insectivores occurred in rubber than in the native forest. Some common forest species, as well as protected species, were found only in native forest, including Hainan Partridge (Arborophila ardens), Red Junglefowl (Gallus gallus), Emerald Dove (Chalcophaps indica), Black-browed Barbet (Megalaima oorti), Blue-rumped Pitta (Pitta soror), Puff-throated Bulbul (Alophoixus pallidus), and Chestnut Bulbul (Hemixos castanonotus). Although ten babbler species were found in the native forest, only two were in rubber. Among the species missing in rubber was the endemic Hainan species Grey Laughingthrush (Garrulax maesi). Its endangerment through habitat conversion is of particular conservation concern. 相似文献
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Economic Analyses of Rubber and Tea Plantations and Rubber-tea Intercropping in Hainan, China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This study uses land expectation value (LEV) as a criterion to conduct economic analyses of natural rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) and tea (Camellia sinensis var. assamica) monoculture, and rubber-tea intercropping. We calculated LEV by using the Faustmann model that combines annual revenue flow
from latex production with final timber harvest of rubber trees. Production and cost data were collected from Xinwei Farm
in Hainan, China. We found that rubber-tea intercropping generated higher LEV than rubber and tea monoculture under current
socio-economic circumstances. Sensitivity analysis has been conducted to examine the impacts on land expectation value by
interest rate, prices of natural rubber and tea, and labor costs. 相似文献
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滇东南橡胶树寒害后次期性害虫危害状况调查 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
调查了2011年1月云南滇东南橡胶树遭受特大寒害后,引发了以橡胶树小蠹虫类为主的次期性害虫的严重发生和危害,共调查橡胶树6 541株,其中受小蠹虫危害株418株,橡胶树虫蛀率6%,共采集成虫标本232头,种类分属小蠹科Scolytidae、长小蠹科Platypodidae、锯谷盗科Siovanidae、露甲科Nitidulidae等4科4属5种,暗翅材小蠹(Xyleborus semiopacus)和对粒材小蠹(Xyleborus perforans)为优势种;调查还对由于频繁的自然灾害和长年的营养失衡导致橡胶树群体衰退是橡胶林次期性害虫大发生的潜在和根本的原因进行探讨;提出需要对滇东南植胶环境重新研究和评价,对植胶半个多世纪所依循的技术体系和经营体制进行重新审视,以期实现重大变革,使滇东南植胶业得以持续发展。 相似文献
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Hua Wu Yingwen Pan Rong Di Qiguang He Mamy Jayne Nelly Rajaofera Wenbo Liu Fucong Zheng Weiguo Miao 《Forest Pathology》2019,49(5)
Powdery mildew is a foliar disease of rubber trees. It is one of the most important leaf diseases in rubber plantations worldwide. The causal agent of this powdery mildew, previously known as Oidium heveae, has been identified under various names. To precisely identify the causal agents of this disease, 57 conidial samples were collected from 2013 to 2017 in Hainan, Yunnan and Guangdong provinces, the main rubber tree planting regions in China. Based on morphological observations using light and scanning electron microscopy, pathogenicity testing, and nrDNA ITS and 28S sequences, Erysiphe quercicola is suggested as the only causal agent of rubber tree powdery mildew in China. 相似文献
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橡胶树冷应答转录组cDNA-AFLP分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以橡胶树11个抗寒无性系和12个不抗寒无性系为研究对象,利用cDNA-AFLP技术对23个橡胶树无性系低温处理前后的基因表达谱进行差异分析。结果表明:通过100对引物组合的扩增筛选,共获得12条在2组材料中表现一致的差异片段(GenBank登录号:GO269543-GO269554);BLASTn和BLASTx比对分析显示,TDF7-8,TDF5-15,TDF16-103条片段分别与植物抗逆相关的ABC转运蛋白、3-脱氧-D-阿拉伯庚酮糖-7-磷酸合成酶(DAHPS)、WRKY基因有较高相似性,其余9条片段在GenBank未比对到同源序列。 相似文献