首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 734 毫秒
1.
Summary

Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to estimate genetic diversity among 24 cultivars of short-day onions. Total genomic DNA was extracted and subjected to RAPD analysis using 90 arbitrary 10-mer primers. Of these, 15 primers were selected which yielded 137 bands, 91.24% of which were polymorphic. None of the primers produced a unique banding pattern for each cultivar. RAPD data were used to calculate a Squared-Euclidian Distance matrix which revealed a minimum genetic distance between cultivars ‘AFLR-722’ and ‘PBR-140’, and a maximum genetic distance between cultivars ‘PBR-139’ and ‘A.Kalyan’, and ‘MS-48’ and ‘A.Kalyan’. Based on the distance matrix, cluster analysis was done using a minimum variance algorithm.The dendrogram thus generated, based on Ward’s method, grouped the 24 onion cultivars into two major clusters. The first cluster consisted of cultivars from the northern region, and the second of cultivars from the southern region of India. The present study shows that there is high diversity among the onion cultivars selected and indicates the potential of RAPD markers for identification and maintenance of onion germplasm for crop improvement purposes.  相似文献   

2.
Knowledge about the extent of genetic diversity/relatedness in mango germplasm is vital for developing coherent strategies for future gains in productivity. The genetic diversity/relatedness among mango cultivars/genotypes developed in Pakistan has not been investigated previously. We have assessed the genetic diversity among 25 mango genotypes/cultivars using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Sixty random ten-mer primers were surveyed, out of which 45 yielded amplicons in all the genotypes. Genetic similarity between genotypes/cultivars was in the range of 64–89% with an average of 74%. Similarly, the genetic relatedness among all variants derived from a mango cultivar Chaunsa was in the range of 81.18–88.63%. These coefficients were utilized to construct a dendrogram using the unweighted pair group of arithmetic means (UPGMA). The genotypes were grouped into three (A, B, C) clusters. Generally, genotypes originating from Pakistan were grouped in cluster ‘A’ while cluster ‘B’ primarily composed of southern India as well as Florida cultivars. Kensington Pride was the most distantly related genotype which grouped with Maya and Yakta, forming a distinct cluster ‘C’.  相似文献   

3.
杧果种质遗传多样性的RAPD分析   总被引：15，自引：2，他引：15  
对杧果不同生态型、不同胚性、不同果形与果色的38份品种和1个近缘种—扁桃进行了RAPD分析,19个引物在39份种质中共扩增出223条带,其中多态性带为196条,多态性带的百分率为87.89%,表明品种间存在着广泛的遗传基础。利用UPGMA进行聚类分析,在相似性系数0.755的水平上将38个品种分成3组,该结果与传统上以胚型为依据进行品种类群划分比较吻合。发现了多个与胚性密切相关和1个与果皮颜色密切相关的RAPD标记,并就部分品种的系谱关系、胚性和果皮颜色的遗传进行了探讨。  相似文献   

4.
Summary

Three different PCR methods [Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD), Inter-Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR), and Directed Amplification of Minisatellite DNA (DAMD)] were used to analyse genetic diversity and parentage among 20 mango cultivars, including 18 landraces and two hybrids (‘Amrapali’ and ‘Mallika’). These hybrids together with a third hybrid (‘Ratna’), and an out-group species (Mangifera sylvatica) were also analysed for parentage. Fifteen, seven and four primers were used to amplify a total of 158, 69 and 59 distinct DNA fragments by RAPD, ISSR and DAMD, respectively. Of these, approx. 85%, 64% and 90% were polymorphic, respectively. Genetic distances between pairs of mango cultivars were measured separately by each method and depicted graphically as a Neighbor Joining (NJ) tree. The three methods revealed different groupings of cultivars and hybrids. A NJ tree based on the cumulative data from all methods correlated well with the parentage of the mango hybrids, and the grouping of cultivars on a regional basis. Genetic markers likely to be associated with important agronomic traits were identified by further analysing the hybrids, with their respective parents, using all three methods. On the basis of the highest number of polymorphic bands observed (90%), DAMD was judged to be the best method with which to analyse mango germplasm.  相似文献   

5.
  相似文献   

6.
Summary

A rapid molecular typing method is described in this work. RAPD amplification products are very dependent upon various factors such as source of taq DNA polymerase, thermocycling programmes and DNA concentrations. This issue has been consequently been examined to establish a suitable experimental protocol. Subsequently, genomic DNA from 25 cultivars of rose were amplified using RAPD techniques with twenty 10-mer primers (Operon Kit A). The data obtained reveal no variability within cultivars and a high degree of variation between cultivars. With the patterns obtained with two of the primers (OPA-11 and OPA-17) all the rose cultivars were unequivocally identified. The results suggest that RAPD profiles provide a simple and efficient way to identify rose cultivars.  相似文献   

7.
香石竹品种的RAPD 标记   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13  
苏友波  林春  毛静  莫锡君  杨明 《园艺学报》2004,31(1):109-112
 用随机扩增多态DNA (RAPD) 技术, 选用4 个随机引物, 对87 个大花型香石竹品种总DNA进行随机扩增。4 个引物均得到了稳定的RAPD 图谱。扩增出的片段分子量在500～4300 bp 之间, 每个随机引物扩增出的条带数在8～12 条之间, 共扩增出2113 个条带, 平均每个引物扩增的DNA 条带数为915 条。根据DNA 谱带计算品种间遗传距离, 对87 个品种进行了聚类分析, 分为10 个组群, 组群间差异较大, 组群内差异较小。  相似文献   

8.
Three DNA molecular marker systems, RAPD, ISSR and SSR, were used to test seed genetic purity of two commercial hybrid tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) cultivars ‘Hezuo 903’ and ‘Sufen No. 8’. Genomic DNA from the two F1 hybrid cultivars and their corresponding parental lines was screened with 218 RAPD decamer primers, 54 ISSR primers and 49 SSR primers. Among the 321 primers, 4 primers for ‘Hezuo 903’ and 3 for ‘Sufen No. 8’, which could produce both female and male parent-specific markers, were selected for testing the genetic purity. A total of 210 hybrid individuals of each cultivar were analyzed using the identified primers. The combined results of the marker analysis showed that eight of the 210 F1 plants in ‘Hezuo 903’ and 13 of 210 in ‘Sufen No. 8’ were false hybrids, and the overall genetic purity of the two F1 hybrid seed lots was 96.2 and 93.8%, respectively. This study showed that RAPD and SSR markers could provide a practical and efficient tool in quality control of the tomato commercial hybrid seeds.  相似文献   

9.
RAPD技术在石榴品种分类上的应用   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  
以55个石榴栽培品种为试验材料,利用15条多态性好的随机引物进行RAPD分析,共扩增出125条带,其中多态性条带92条,多态性百分率73.6%,说明品种间有变异。应用TFPGA软件计算55个石榴品种间的Nei’s遗传距离,并用UPGMA法构建聚类图,将55个石榴品种分为4个类群,从DNA水平上揭示了石榴品种之间的亲缘关系。结果表明,采用UPGMA法聚类的结果与形态上的分类存在着一定的差异,即与根据花色和果味进行的分类没有相关性而与瓣型进行的分类有一定的相关性。  相似文献   

10.
In present study, an attempt has been made to assess the genetic diversity among 34 accessions of Benincasa hispida using quantitative traits and RAPD data. Variability was observed for characters like days to first female flower, fruit weight, equatorial and polar diameter. Cluster analysis based on quantitative traits revealed a high degree of diversity among the accessions. RAPD-based dendrogram showed dissimilarity values 0.64–0.943 suggesting that the accessions represent a genetically diverse population. A non-significant correlation was observed between the clustering based on quantitative traits and RAPD markers. But the accessions like IVAG-107 and IVAG-81 clearly separated from rest of the accessions based on the quantitative traits and as well as RAPD primers. Both the dendrogram revealed that the accessions from northeastern region of India are diverse from the accessions of other parts of India, as they cluster together in both the dendrogram. The information generated could be utilized in developing cultivars/hybrids for specific traits.  相似文献   

11.
Summary

To assess genetic relatedness in thornless blackberry (Rubus spp.), 11 different blackberry cultivars were screened using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. The blackberries selected represented four different thornless backgrounds. Genetic similarity was estimated using 140 random primers, and the cluster analysis conducted using the RAPD data grouped the cultivars into three distinct clades. Ninety-eight primers produced 113 cultivar-specific RAPD fragments capable of identifying each cultivar. In addition, reproducible polymorphism using two primers was observed within the ‘Evergreen’ (R. laciniatus) clade that consisted of the pure thornless blackberry ‘Everthornless’, the chimeral ‘Thornless Evergreen’, and their thorny progenitor ‘Evergreen’. All three plants are believed to be identical, except for a single mutational event that caused the phenotypic change from thorny to thornless. The R. laciniatus RAPD marker data provide information that may eventually be useful to identify the gene(s) responsible for thornlessness in that species.  相似文献   

12.
Genetic variation within specific fruit tree germplasms is an important tool in fruit tree breeding programs. In the present work, the genetic relationship of 31 European and Iranian (Pyrus communis L.) and Asian (Pyrus serotina Rehd) genotypes of pear were studied using 19 randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers. Fifteen out of the 19 primers used in this study amplified 3373 clear and reproducible bands associated with 150 loci and many of them were polymorphic. The dendrogram resulting from the unweighted pair-group method of arithmetic cluster analysis separated the cultivars into eight groups. The correlation coefficient between the cophenetic matrix and the similarity matrix was 0.82 (r = 0.82). There was a significant difference between populations and most studied genotypes clustered closely together based on their geographic origin and Iranian pears placed between two groups of pears. Results showed the suitability of RAPD analysis in genetic diversity study of pear.  相似文献   

13.
The objectives of this study were to investigate genetic variation and relationships between Indonesia-, Australian- and European-based cultivars and to evaluate variation within Indonesia cultivars as all cultivars are open-pollinated. Eight cauliflower cultivars collected from three production regions in Indonesia and four F1 hybrids cultivars grown in Australia were evaluated using RAPD and ISSR markers. DNA polymorphisms generated from 10 polymorphic RAPD primers were used to construct a dendogram using the unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic averages (UPGMA) and to generate a fingerprinting key. ISSR marker analysis using 14 primers were attempted but DNA polymorphisms could not be clearly identified. The RAPD technique indicated that variation occurred both within and between Indonesian cultivars. Comparison between Indonesian-, Australian- and European-based cultivars showed that Indonesian cultivars have unique genotypes and would be good sources of genes for future crop improvement.  相似文献   

14.
Three molecular marker systems, RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA), ISSR (inter-simple sequence repeat) and SRAP (sequence-related amplified polymorphism), were employed for identification and genetic diversity analysis of 35 elite late-bolting radish cultivars. Detected by 35 RAPD primers, 22 ISSR primers and 17 SRAP primer combinations, the proportions of polymorphic bands were 85.44%, 85.2% and 85.41%, respectively, and the mean genetic similarity coefficients between pairs of genotypes were 0.781, 0.787 and 0.764, respectively. Each of the three molecular marker systems can identify all the cultivars. Five sets of three-RAPD primers, 3 sets of three-ISSR primers and 16 sets of three-SRAP primer combinations were able to distinguish all the cultivars. A linear relationship was observed between Resolving power (Rp) of a primer and its ability to distinguish genotypes. The 35 cultivars were clustered into three major groups based on the RAPD, ISSR and marker combination data with UPGMA, which are in high accordance with their own origins and main characteristics. The results demonstrated that these three marker systems could be useful for identification and genetic diversity analysis of radish cultivars.  相似文献   

15.
Summary

RAPD markers were used to estimate genetic diversity in 12 high-yielding jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lamk.) accessions obtained from different locations in southern India. Marker data were compared with morphological data obtained over three successive seasons. PCR-amplifiable DNA was isolated using the CTAB method and 171 amplified fragments were obtained using 23 random primers. The genetic dissimilarity matrix was calculated based on Squared Euclidian Distances, which revealed a maximum genetic distance of 7.9% between a clone of ‘Mottavarica’ (‘M0’), and ‘Chandrahalasu’ from distant locations, while the minimum genetic distance (5%) was between the genotypes (‘M0’) and ‘Kerala’, indicating their similar geographical origin. Ward's method of cluster analysis grouped all individuals on the dendrogram into two major clusters according to their geographical location. The present study showed low-to-moderate genetic diversity among the 12 jackfruit accessions, which will assist in the identification and management of jackfruit germplasm for breeding purposes.  相似文献   

16.
梨品种资源遗传差异的RAPD分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
明确种质间的遗传差异,对杂交育种中亲本的选择和搭配具有重要意义。利用随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)技术,从40个随机引物中筛选出了33个多态性好的引物,在21个品种间进行了分析,最终得到339个清晰稳定的扩增位点,其中多态性位点为292个,占86.1%。利用UPGMA(非加权配对算术平均)法进行了品种间相似系数的计算以及聚类分析,揭示了这些品种间遗传上的差异程度。  相似文献   

17.
Summary

Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to evaluate genetic similarity and inter-relationship among31 acid citrus species and cultivars, including sour oranges (six accessions); ‘Yuzu’ (four accessions) andits relatives (21 accessions). Out of the 60 decamer primers screened, 27 were selected which produced 108 markers; 76 of which were polymorphic. Species or cultivar-specific RAPD markers were also found. A dendrogram based on genetic distance implied that sour oranges were very distinct from ‘Yuzu’ and its relatives. ‘Yuzu’ accessions were very closely linked to each other, however; for the other specimens genetic polymorphism could easily be detected by RAPDs and the genetic variation between accessions was quite high and revealed their different origins. In this study some RAPDs allowed the distinction of very close cultivars, for instance ‘Kabosu’ from ‘Aka kabosu’.  相似文献   

18.
桃种质亲缘演化关系的RAPD分析   总被引：18，自引：2，他引：16  
利用 ＲＡＰＤ技术对 ４８个桃品种类型的遗传变异进行了研究，筛选出的 ２０个引物共扩增出 １６５条带，其中多态性带８３条，占５０．３％。经聚类分析，４８个供试材料共分为五类。其中甘肃桃，山桃，部分古老的以北方蜜桃、硬肉桃为代表的北方品种，以美国油桃为代表的油桃品种，以及以南方水蜜桃为代表的品种各自聚为一类。据此对桃种质的演化及分类地位进行了尝试性的探讨。传统的古老品种具明显的地域特色，而现代品种间遗传背景相近，地域差异不显著。美国油桃单独聚为一类，可能存在一条古老的进化途径。新疆桃与北方古老品种亲缘关系相近，可能共同起源于硬肉桃。  相似文献   

19.
Floral morphology, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) were used to characterize and verify genetic diversity within a white sapote cultivar collection and to develop molecular markers for germplasm identification. On the basis of floral morphology, the cultivars were classified into three types: type I included 23 cultivars with large ovaries and small anthers; type II included 13 cultivars with small ovaries and large anthers; and type III included one cultivar, named ‘Maltby’, with a large ovary and large anthers. DNA was isolated from 39 cultivars of white sapote and subjected to RAPD and AFLP analysis using 24 and 7 primers, respectively. One hundred and sixty-eight RAPD and 286 AFLP bands were used to assess genetic characterization among white sapote. Sixty percent of the RAPD and 77% of the AFLP amplification products were polymorphic among accessions. RAPD or AFLP markers differentiated all white sapote cultivars effectively. Moreover, each flower type was characterized as specially associated with two RAPD bands. UPGMA dendrograms based on RAPD and AFLP data, showed the majority of the cultivars from flower type I and flower type II clustering together. Finally 101 RAPD markers and 220 AFLP markers were used to construct a neighbor-joining dendrogram. This showed that the 37 cultivars could be classified into six distinct clusters, between which the similarity coefficient was as low as 0.00–0.55, even though the cultivars were morphologically very similar. The remaining two cultivars namely ‘Smathers’ and ‘Maltby’ were found genetically very distant from the other cultivars in RAPD, AFLP or combined RAPD and AFLP based dendrograms. The results suggested that the level of genetic variation among white sapote cultivars is diverse and the morphological and molecular data may lead to representation of the cultivar relationships as well as flower type discrimination.  相似文献   

20.
就RAPD的特点、操作及其在果树品种鉴定、遗传多样性检测、系谱解析和遗传图谱构建等方面的应用和进展进行了简要的阐述。  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号