共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Yeast KEX2 endopeptidase correctly cleaves a neuroendocrine prohormone in mammalian cells 总被引：23，自引：0，他引：23
G Thomas B A Thorne L Thomas R G Allen D E Hruby R Fuller J Thorner 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1988,241(4862):226-230
Mammalian cell lines (BSC-40, NG108-15, and GH4C1) that cannot process the murine neuroendocrine peptide precursor prepro-opiomelanocortin (mPOMC) when its synthesis is directed by a vaccinia virus vector were coinfected with a second recombinant vaccinia virus carrying the yeast KEX2 gene, which encodes an endopeptidase that cleaves at pairs of basic amino acid residues. mPOMC was cleaved intracellularly to a set of product peptides normally found in vivo, including mature gamma-lipotropin and beta-endorphin1-31. In GH4C1 cells (a rat pituitary line), product peptides were incorporated into stored secretory granules. These results suggest that the inability of any particular cell line to process a prohormone precursor is due to the absence of a suitable endogenous processing enzyme. 相似文献
2.
Factors that regulate synaptic specificity were investigated with Aplysia buccal and bag cell neurons in primary cell culture. In the presence of fetal calf serum electrical synapses are formed between buccal-buccal or bag-bag cell pairs, but not between buccal-bag cell pairs. Instead, buccal neurons make inhibitory chemical synapses on bag cells. However, in the presence of nanomolar concentrations of the lectin concanavalin A this pattern changes, such that more than 75 percent of buccal-bag pairs exhibit electrical synapses and the frequency of occurrence of buccal-bag chemical synapses is reduced. Such changes in synaptic specificity may be important in determining the types of synapses formed during neuronal development and neurite regeneration. 相似文献
3.
Determination of junction avidity of cytolytic T cell and target cell 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
K L Sung L A Sung M Crimmins S J Burakoff S Chien 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1986,234(4782):1405-1408
A direct measurement of the avidity of the junction between a cytotoxic T lymphocyte and its target cell was achieved by using a biophysical approach. A micromanipulation technique was used to determine the force required to separate a cytotoxic T cell (human clone F1, with specificity for HLA-DRw6) from its specific target cell (JY: HLA-A2, -B7, -DR4, w6) prior to delivery of the lethal hit. The force required to separate the F1-JY pair is 1.5 X 10(4) dynes per square centimeter. This junction avidity for F1-JY pairs is 6 to 13 times greater than that for F1-F1 and JY-JY pairs; the F1-JY conjugate requires a stronger separating force and is more easily rejoined than the homologous cell pairs. This study provides an estimate of the avidity of cytotoxic T cells for their target cells and insights into the biophysical correlates of the molecular complexes formed in the interaction of cytotoxic T cells and their targets during the cytotoxic process. 相似文献
4.
用植物凝集素、秋水仙素预处理的方法,取河南产中华大蟾蜍股骨骨髓细胞进行染色体标本制作,并对其核型进行初步研究分析。结果表明骨髓细胞分裂指数平均达到1.71%,二倍体染色体数目为2n=22=9m+2sm,含6对大染色体和5对小染色体,各对染色体之间在形态上可区分,且各具特色。与甘肃产中华大蟾蜍染色体相比,各染色体着丝点类型一致,除第4及第9染色体为亚中部着丝点染色体外,其余均为中部着丝点染色体,随体位于第6染色体末端。 相似文献
5.
【目的】 研究玉米杂种优势类群划分高多态SSR引物筛选。【方法】 遴选均匀分布在玉米10个连锁群上160对SSR引物,在104份玉米自交系DNA中扩增,根据引物的染色体分布和PIC值,分别取40、30、20和10对高多态引物建立4套新引物体系,检测104份自交系的分类效果。【结果】 (1)160对引物中的63对引物带型稳定,多态性高,最高PIC值0.762 3,高于过去常用核心SSR引物,63对引物中过去常用核心SSR引物仅保留40%左右;(2)4套引物体系中,40和30对引物体系的分类结果与已知自交系类群高度吻合,20对体系与40对体系比较具90.5%一致性,10对体系与40对体系比较的一致性81.0%;(3)40对体系分类104份材料为5大类群,分别是瑞德、改良瑞德、兰卡斯特、黄改和和旅大红骨,与目前国内利用的优势群划分结果一致,也能鉴别出每个群中亲缘关系最远的亚群是相近群间二环系来源的混合基因型;(4) 各群的代表自交系是单一遗传结构成分,亚群是多遗传结构成分。【结论】 部分SSR引物的多态性在新自交系中会出现下降,建立的新的40对引物体系有精确的分类功能,可应用于类群划分,20对体系的分类精确性稍低,但检测工作量减半,在批量材料分类中有利用价值。 相似文献
6.
从NCBI网站下载4072 条油棕EST,结合文献报道的油棕果肉转录组序列信息,通过聚类拼接和处理,得到全长为32637.947 kb的无冗余序列20054条。在这些序列中共检索出4 538 个SSR袁检出率为22.6%遥其中以单核苷酸重复基序为主导类型袁出现频率为51.2%,二核苷酸、三核苷酸重复基序的出现频率分别为20.4%和17.9%。随机挑选了400对SSR引物进行PCR 多态性检测,获得29对PCR多态性引物,并随机选取11引物进行验证,在4种不同来源的油棕样本中表现出多态性。 相似文献
7.
采用PHA和秋水仙素体内注射,取鱼的肾细胞对唇鲮的染色体进行研究.结果表明,唇鲮染色体数目2n=50,其中有4对中部着丝点染色体(m);5对亚中部着丝点染色体(sm);6对亚羰部着丝点染色体(st)和10对端部着丝点染色体(t);其核型公式为2n=8m+10sm+12st+20t,NF=68.与所属的野鲮亚科其他鱼类染色体核型比较,唇鲮是本亚科鱼类中相对原始的类型之一. 相似文献
8.
以二倍体不结球白菜及其同源四倍体为材料,采用常规染色压片法进行核型分析。结果表明:二倍体不结球白菜核型公式为2n=2x=20=10m+8sm(2SAT)+2st,其中第1、2、3、4、6对为中着丝粒染色体,第5、7、8、9对为近中着丝粒染色体,第10对为近端着丝粒染色体,第5对染色体具有随体,核型类型属于2A型,为基本对称型;四倍体不结球白菜核型公式为2n=4x=20m+16sm(4SAT)+4st,核型特征与二倍体基本一致,仅染色体长度变异范围与二倍体相比略大。表明四倍体不结球白菜是由其二倍体加倍得到的,为同源四倍体。 相似文献
9.
When a cell replicates its DNA during S phase of the cell cycle, the sister chromatid pairs must stick together like glue until they are separated to opposite ends of the cell (and hence into separate daughter cells) at anaphase. How the cell achieves this is still unclear but, as Takahashi and Yanagida explain in their Perspective, new findings in yeast have identified one molecule, Trf4p, that may be involved both in DNA replication and sister chromatid cohesion (Wang et al.). 相似文献
10.
11.
White O Eisen JA Heidelberg JF Hickey EK Peterson JD Dodson RJ Haft DH Gwinn ML Nelson WC Richardson DL Moffat KS Qin H Jiang L Pamphile W Crosby M Shen M Vamathevan JJ Lam P McDonald L Utterback T Zalewski C Makarova KS Aravind L Daly MJ Minton KW Fleischmann RD Ketchum KA Nelson KE Salzberg S Smith HO Venter JC Fraser CM 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1999,286(5444):1571-1577
The complete genome sequence of the radiation-resistant bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans R1 is composed of two chromosomes (2,648,638 and 412,348 base pairs), a megaplasmid (177,466 base pairs), and a small plasmid (45,704 base pairs), yielding a total genome of 3,284, 156 base pairs. Multiple components distributed on the chromosomes and megaplasmid that contribute to the ability of D. radiodurans to survive under conditions of starvation, oxidative stress, and high amounts of DNA damage were identified. Deinococcus radiodurans represents an organism in which all systems for DNA repair, DNA damage export, desiccation and starvation recovery, and genetic redundancy are present in one cell. 相似文献
12.
银川平原芦苇群落植物种间关系研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以银川平原芦苇群落作为研究对象,运用野外调查法对芦苇群落进行研究,采用x2检验和Spearman秩相关分析检验研究银川平原芦苇群落的种间关联性,并对种间关联的结果进行生态分析.结果表明:银川平原芦苇群落主要的植物构成包括20种18属14科.银川平原芦苇群落主要种群种间呈显著或极显著相关的种对数较少,仅占总种对数的47.89％,其中呈显著正相关种对数的只有20.00％,所占比例均较小,负相关及不相关的种对数占总的种对数的80.00％,所占比重较大.按照其分布的环境条件可划分为4个生态种组,即水生植物种组、湿生植物种组、中生植物种组、中旱生植物种组. 相似文献
13.
以银川平原芦苇群落作为研究对象,运用野外调查法对芦苇群落进行研究,采用x2检验和Spearman 秩相关分析检验研究银川平原芦苇群落的种间关联性,并对种间关联的结果进行生态分析。结果表明：银川平原芦苇群落主要的植物构成包括20 种18 属14 科。银川平原芦苇群落主要种群种间呈显著或极显著相关的种对数较少,仅占总种对数的47.89%,其中呈显著正相关种对数的只有20.00%,所占比例均较小,负相关及不相关的种对数占总的种对数的80.00%,所占比重较大。按照其分布的环境条件可划分为4 个生态种组,即水生植物种组、湿生植物种组、中生植物种组、中旱生植物种组。 相似文献
14.
An alternative pathway for meiotic chromosome segregation in yeast 总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17
In meiosis I of most organisms, homologous chromosomes pair, recombine, and then segregate to opposite poles of the cell. Crossing-over is normally necessary to ensure the proper segregation of the homologs. Recently developed techniques have made it possible to study meiosis with highly defined artificial chromosomes. These techniques were used to demonstrate the existence of a system capable of segregating pairs of nonrecombined artificial chromosomes, regardless of the extent of their sequence homology. This system may contribute to the high fidelity of meiosis by mediating the segregation of pairs of natural chromosomes that have failed to recombine. 相似文献
15.
为了筛选出具有高多态性的cpDNA 和ITS序列引物,用于研究野生玫瑰自然种群的分子谱系地理,以野生玫瑰8个种群为试材,通过12对叶绿体基因组引物和4对核基因组ITS引物的PCR扩增和PCR产物测序,筛选出trnL-trnF、rpl20-rps12、rbcl、ITS1四对具有高多态性的引物。序列变异计算与系统发育树结果显示,8个野生玫瑰种群变异较低,可划分为2支。筛选出高多态性的cpDNA引物3对和ITS引物1对,适用于研究野生玫瑰系统发育和谱系地理结构,能够进一步探究濒危物种野生玫瑰的谱系地理。 相似文献
16.
利用荧光标记SSR绘制中国芍药品种分子身份证 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
为了开发芍药品种分子鉴定方法,本研究采用SSR标记技术,在目前芍药SSR引物开发较少的情况下,采用文献相关引物84对,并结合自行设计的27对引物,将6%非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶与四重荧光毛细管电泳技术相结合,从111对引物中筛选出29对扩增稳定、多态性高的核心引物;共检测到223个SSR等位位点,平均每对引物为7.69个,有效等位基因数(Ne)为3.658±0.328,Shannon多样性指数(I)为1.371±0.104,观测杂合度(Ho)为0.532±0.045,期望杂合度(He)为0.645±0.036,多态性信息含量PIC值介于0.20~0.84,平均0.60。基于最少引物鉴定最多种质的原则,按照PIC值由高到低顺序串联排序的方式,最终筛选出4对SSR引物(Pmg153、Knu73、Pmg209、J38)。结果表明:筛选出的4对SSR引物组合可以有效鉴定66个芍药品种;采用个位数字和大写英文字母结合对不同带型进行编码,成功绘制了66个中国传统芍药品种的分子身份证。本研究为芍药品种鉴定提供了一种快速、准确与高效的分子检测方法,也有助于中国传统芍药品种的遗传改良与芍药新品种保护。 相似文献
17.
吴一民 《扬州大学学报(农业与生命科学版)》1987,(2)
本文对两种类型“琼花”小孢子母细胞(花粉母细胞)减数分裂和芽尖体细胞有丝分裂进行了观察。结果表明,两者具有相同的染色体数目,2n=2x=18,並且两者的核型组成也相同。2对最大的染色体和4对较小的染色体为具中部着丝点染色体,1对较大的染色体和2对较小染色体为具近中部着丝点染色体。 相似文献
18.
Zimmermann S Wixforth A Kotthaus JP Wegscheider W Bichler M 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1999,283(5406):1292-1295
Photonic signals were efficiently stored in a semiconductor-based memory cell. The incident photons were converted to electron-hole pairs that were locally stored in a quantum well that was laterally modulated by a field-effect tunable electrostatic superlattice. At large superlattice potential amplitudes, these pairs were stored for a time that was at least five orders of magnitude longer than their natural lifetime. At an arbitrarily chosen time, they were released in a short and intense flash of incoherent light, which was triggered by flattening the superlattice amplitude. 相似文献
19.
Gap junctional conductance and permeability are linearly related 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
The permeability of gap junctions to tetraethylammonium ions was measured in isolated pairs of blastomeres from Rana pipiens L. and compared to the junctional conductance. In this system, the junctional conductance is voltage-dependent and decreases with moderate transjunctional voltage of either sign. The permeability to tetraethylammonium ions was determined by injecting one cell of a pair with tetraethylammonium and monitoring its changing concentration in the prejunctional and postjunctional cells with ion-selective electrodes. Junctional conductance was determined by current-clamp and voltage-clamp techniques. For different cell pairs in which the transjunctional voltage was small and the junctional conductance at its maximum value, the permeability to tetraethylammonium ions was proportional to the junctional conductance. In individual cell pairs, a reduction in the junctional conductance induced by voltage was accompanied by a proportional reduction in the permeability of the gap junction over a wide range. The diameter of the tetraethylammonium ion (8.0 to 8.5 A, unhydrated) is larger than that of the potassium ion (4.6 A, hydrated), the predominant current-carrying species. The proportionality between the permeability to tetraethylammonium ions and the junctional conductance, measured here with exceptionally fine time resolution, indicates that a common gap junctional pathway mediates both electrical and chemical fluxes between cells, and that closure of single gap junction channels by voltage is all or none. 相似文献
20.
油用亚麻F4农艺性状的综合评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
分析油用亚麻杂交后代株系的农艺性状对产量的贡献,可以为育种选择提供理论依据。试验分别考察了来自F。1个油用亚麻株系的主要农艺性状。分析结果表明,其农艺性状均存在丰富的遗传变异。通过相关分析,得出F4中有4对性状达显著或极显著相关。对F4杂交种的7个农艺性状按最短距离法进行聚类分析,结果表明可分为5类;通过进行主成分分析,分剐选取能代表全部遗传信息85％以上的5个主成分．并对各个性状在相应主成分中的贡献率进行分析,F5应选择单株粒重较大,果球数较多,株高、分枝数和分茎数适中的材料。 相似文献