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铜及其蛋氨酸螯合物对中国对虾生长的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究了饵料中添加硫酸铜和蛋氨酸铜对中国对虾生长的影响，结果：1kg饵料中铜添加量以20mg为宜，随铜添加量增加；对虾生长率和成活率明显下降。随着蛋氨酸铜含量的增加，对虾体内铜的沉积量直线上升；而硫酸铜的添加量在80mg/kg以下时，虾体内铜的沉积量直线上升；在120mg/kg以上时，虾体内铜的沉积量开始下降。 相似文献
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将40头仔猪分为5组,并在仔猪日粮中补充80、240、1000、3000、5000mg/kg锌,研究日粮补锌对仔猪血清锌、铜、铁的影响;血清样品采用湿法消解,利用ICP法分析测定仔猪补锌后血清中锌、铜和铁含量。研究结果显示:ICP法简便、快速、准确度高,适于大批量的样品分析;仔猪补锌后血清锌含量随日粮增加而升高(P<0.05),高锌1000、3000和5000mg/kg对血清铜、铁含量有显著抑制作用(P<0.05)。 相似文献
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尼罗罗非鱼幼鱼在７０ｄ中投喂具有和没有补充锌的饵料，其锌含量范围为０～１００ｍｇＺｎ／ｋｇ饵料。投喂含有１ｍｇＺｎ／ｋｇ基础饵料的尼罗罗非鱼发育不佳，如厌氧和生长差。投喂补充锌最低含量（０和５ｍｇＺｎ／ｋｇ饵料）饵料具有最差的生长和最高的死亡率，而过３０ｍｇ／ｋｇ含量则表明死亡率减少和明显地改进了生长。饵料锌水平与全身锌浓度有显著相关，也观察到饵料锌和全身铁浓度有强烈的负相关。其增重百分数，饵料效 相似文献
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维生素B1对中国对虾生长影响的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
研究了中国对虾饵料中维生素Ｂ１的适宜含量，当１００ｇ饵料含６ｍｇＶｂ１时，中国对虾增长率和存活率最高；ＶＢ１缺乏或过量，都影响对虾的生长和存活，ＶＢ１在对虾组织中的含量随饵料中ＶＢ１含量的增加而增加，以６ｍｇＶＢ１／１００ｇ饵料最高，如过量欺一反而降。ＶＢ１可影响对虾肝胰脏α－淀粉酶的活性，当１００ｇ饵料含６ｍｇＶＢ１时，这种酶活性最高，对虾生长也最好。 相似文献
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根据物料平衡规律,通过对鱼苗至成鱼养殖过程中增加的总氮、总磷、铜、锌含量及养殖期间投喂饵料中总氮、总磷、铜、锌含量的检测,估算获得残饵中总氮、总磷、铜、锌含量,以此来估算进入水环境中总氮、总磷、铜、锌含量。研究结果显示,合成纤维网衣网箱养殖过程中残饵中总氮、总磷、铜、锌相对投喂饵料的比值分别为12.5%、22.5%、21.3%、33.1%,金属网衣网箱养殖过程中残饵中总氮、总磷、铜、锌相对投喂饵料的比值分别为4.5%、9.7%、-11.4%、28.8%。表明金属网衣网箱养殖对水环境的影响要小于合成纤维网衣网箱养殖。 相似文献
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<正> 本文主要研究适合对虾生长的饵料中脂肪的最适含量,以及对虾的脂肪酸组成。选用绿鳕鱼肝油、乌贼鱼肝油、豆油为原料作为饵料中的脂类添加剂。试验用对虾,平均体重大约0.4克和1.9克。投喂混合饵料,混合暂养一周后进行分组。每个实验组放养25尾对虾,实验容器为70公升的塑料水槽,水体pH值为6.5～6.7,水温范围为23—26℃。饵料的制作过程 相似文献
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铬对中国对虾仔虾的急性致毒效应及其与铜锌锰相互关系的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在室温适宜、食物充分和氧气充足的条件下,采用目前国内外通用的鱼类毒性试验方法,进行重铬酸钾(K_2Cr_2O_7)对中国对虾仔虾的急性致毒实验以及铬与铜锌锰之间关系的研究。测定了铬(Cr)对中国对虾仔虾的半致死浓度(LC_(50)),并确定了铬与铜、锌、锰之间的拮抗关系。从而,为补充我国“渔业水质标准”和评价水质提供了科学依据。 相似文献
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通过在饲料中分别加入不同水平的硫酸铜,初步研究了饲料铜的添加量与南美白对虾(Litopenaeusvannamei)生长、血液免疫因子及组织中铜分布的关系。饲料铜元素的添加量分别为0、7.5、15、30、45mg/kg。研究结果表明,铜的含量对南美白对虾生长影响显著,添加水平30mg/kg的实验组生长速度显著高于其他组(P<0.05),成活率各组间差异不显著。实验组对虾的酚氧化酶(PO)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活力都高于对照组,其中当添加水平为30mg/kg时,两种酶的活力均最强。对虾肌肉铜的含量各组间无显著差异,为(4.27±1.83)mg/kg,个体间差异非常大;肝胰脏(包括淋巴器官)铜的最高含量为210.36mg/kg,最低为33.78mg/kg(空白对照组),明显高于肌肉中的含量。研究结果表明,饲料铜的含量对对虾生长影响显著,并影响对虾的免疫能力;肝胰脏是对虾体内铜的主要积累器官。 相似文献
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水体铜对中华绒螯蟹体内铜分布和消化酶活性的影响 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
采用生态学单因子梯度试验,研究在不同铜（Cu^2＋）浓度梯度的水环境中中华绒螯蟹体内Cu^2＋分布的变化及其与生长相关的消化酶活性的影响。在未添加Cu^2＋的对照组中,中华绒螯蟹中Cu^2＋含量以鳃为最高,表皮次之,肝胰腺最低。随着水环境中Cu^2＋浓度的增高,相应组织中的Cu^2＋含量呈现不同的变化趋势,肝胰腺增加最快,鳃次之,表皮则最慢。显示在高Cu^2＋水环境下,肝胰腺是Cu^2＋主要的累积场所。不同浓度的Cu^2＋对肝胰腺类胰蛋白酶、胃蛋白酶、淀粉酶和纤维素酶活性均有不同程度的抑制,且Cu^2＋浓度越高,抑制作用越明显．对脂肪酶活性则有浓度依存的增强作用。表明随着水环境中添加的Cu^2＋浓度的增加,肝胰腺将是最主要的Cu^2＋积累和代谢器官,其代谢酶活性的变化可以灵敏地反映Cu^2＋的胁迫程度和毒性。 相似文献
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Purified diets with 15 and 150 mg supplemental copper/kg with dietary copper: zinc ratios of 1:1 and 1:4 were fed for 20 weeks to rainbow trout of mean initial weight 15 g. No gross pathologies were noted in any group of fish; growth and feed conversion were the same in all groups of trout. Plasma zinc levels were positively correlated with dietary zinc intake but dietary copper level had no effect on plasma copper. Hepatic levels of copper and zinc were also related to the dietary intake of the respective minerals. The dietary copper: zinc ratio caused some small changes in the plasma and hepatic levels of a few minerals, but no evidence was found to suggest any zinc—copper antagonism in rainbow trout. The activity of the copper, zinc metalloenzyme superoxide dismutase in liver was unaffected by dietary copper or zinc intake. 相似文献
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Common carp were exposed to two routine therapeutic concentrations of copper sulfate (10 mg/l in 1 h and 1 mg/l in 24 h).
At different times after the copper sulfate bath (1, 2, 3, 7, 14 and 30 days), the copper concentrations in liver and muscle
of carp was determined by means of an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results showed that the concentration of copper
is significantly higher in liver than in muscle in all groups (p < 0.01). Concentrations of copper in liver and muscle in long-term bath groups were also significantly higher than short-term
bath (p < 0.05). The concentration of copper in the livers of the control group was 174.2 ± 5.2 mg/kg. This value was significantly
lower than the experimental groups even at 30 days after long-term baths (p < 0.01) but was not significantly higher than short-term bath (p > 0.05). The concentration of copper in the muscle of the control group was 22 ± 3.2 mg/kg, this value was significantly
lower than for the short-term and long-term groups (p < 0.01). In livers, copper concentrations in short and long-term bath increased to an average of 281.6 ± 17.1 and 397.8 ± 31.2 mg/kg,
respectively, by day 1 of treatment and then significantly declined to 189.8 ± 9.6 and 203.5 ± 8.9 mg/kg by 30 days post-treatment
(p < 0.05). In muscles, copper concentrations in short-term bath increased from 39.1 ± 4.7 in first day of treatment to 50.8 ± 6.5 mg/kg
in 30th day, but not significantly (p > 0.05), while in long-term bath it decreased significantly from 127 ± 13.6 to 43.2 ± 2.7 mg/kg (p < 0.05).
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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铜合金网衣在海水养殖中的应用研究进展 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
铜合金网衣在渔业工程领域特别是网箱和围栏网海水养殖中得到了广泛的应用,并取得良好效果。铜合金网衣具有"0"生物附着、高效低碳、健康环保等特点。本文结合国内外在海洋、环境和金属材料等领域对铜合金研究已取得的成果,探讨了铜合金网衣在海洋中的抗污、耐腐蚀机理;通过介绍几种铜合金网衣类型,描述了两种结构类型的铜合金网衣网箱的制作方法以及在网箱养殖应用中常见的问题,并分析了其结构、力学特性和抗风浪能力等作业性能的关系,对铜合金网衣网箱在渔业上的应用情况及研究进展进行了梳理,以期为铜合金网衣网箱的进一步研究和应用提供参考。 相似文献
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将文蛤暴露在不同浓度(0.005、0.010、0.025、0.05mg/L)Cu2+溶液里35d后,移入自然海水代谢45d,测定文蛤体内Cu含量变化,研究文蛤对Cu2+的富集和排出能力。富集试验结果表明,4个处理组中暴露溶液Cu2+浓度与文蛤死亡数、死亡峰值出现时间无相关;0.025、0.05mg/L处理组文蛤体内Cu含量增加显著;平均富集速率最高达1.765mg/kg.d;文蛤富集Cu达到平衡时间与Cu2+浓度相关性不大。排出试验结果表明,0.025、0.05mg/L处理组文蛤体内Cu含量降低显著;最高排出率达88.7%。应用双箱动力学模型分析显示,0.01、0.025、0.05mg/L处理组中富集参数k1、k2、BCF均随着暴露水体Cu2+浓度的增加呈先增加后减小;Cu在文蛤体内的生物半衰期较短;富集平衡状态下CAmax随着外部水体Cu2+浓度的增大而增大,基本正相关。 相似文献
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采用单因子试验方法,在常温、充分暴气的静水条件下,使用低于安全浓度的3种不同浓度硫酸铜对中华倒刺鲃肌肉、鳃、肝脏和鳞片的富集情况进行了试验。结果表明:铜在中华倒刺鲃肌肉、鳃、肝脏和鳞片的富集因数依次是13.92、55.03、153.28、10.41。 相似文献
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Supplementing copper to a fish meal based diet fed to Atlantic salmon parr affects liver copper and selenium concentrations 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The present experiment was conducted to study growth and tissue responses in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., fed a fish meal based diet supplemented with copper (Cu). The findings of the experiment were used to evaluate the need for dietary Cu supplementation. Atlantic salmon parr, initially weighing ≊ 7.5 g, were randomly distributed among 10 tanks, with 300 fish in each tank. Duplicate groups of fish were fed a fish meal based diet containing 3.5 mg Cu kg−1 , or this diet supplemented with 5, 10, 50 or 100 mg Cu kg−1 (as CuSO4 *5 H2 O) for 12 weeks. Growth was recorded and blood haemoglobin measured. The Cu concentrations in whole body, liver, serum and selected muscle samples were measured, as was liver selenium (Se) concentration.
There were no difference in growth among the dietary treatments. There were, however, significant differences among the dietary groups in liver Cu and Se concentrations. The fish fed the diet supplemented with 5 mg Cu kg−1 had increased liver Cu concentration compared with the other groups. Similar trends were found for serum Cu concentration and whole-body Cu concentration, but these effects were not significant. Liver Cu and Se concentrations were positively correlated and liver Se concentrations were inversely correlated to dietary Cu concentration, confirming an interaction between these two elements in salmon.
There may be a positive effect of a modest Cu supplementation level, and we suggest that a small amount of Cu (5–10 mg kg−1 ) should be added to fish meal based diets. 相似文献
There were no difference in growth among the dietary treatments. There were, however, significant differences among the dietary groups in liver Cu and Se concentrations. The fish fed the diet supplemented with 5 mg Cu kg
There may be a positive effect of a modest Cu supplementation level, and we suggest that a small amount of Cu (5–10 mg kg
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Solange de Carvalho Maria José Tavarez Ranzani Paiva Jakeline Galvão de França Francisco Filipak Neto Ciro Alberto de Oliveira Ribeiro Julio Vicente Lombardi 《Aquaculture Research》2014,45(4):736-741
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of two concentrations of copper (0.13 and 0.5 mg L?1) on juveniles of tilapia, Oreocromis niloticus (Linnaeus), using two toxicological assays (I‐ copper exposure and II‐ copper exposure followed by recovery). Doses were taken from the liver of the test organisms to determine the concentrations of copper, reduced glutathione, activities of glutathione S‐transferase and catalase, and lipid peroxidation. Exposure to copper in both assays resulted in significant accumulation of this metal in the analysed tissue and in decreased concentration of reduced glutathione. There was no alteration in the activities of catalase and glutathione S‐transferase and in lipid peroxidation. 相似文献
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龙须菜对铜、镉的富集特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过以人工培育的龙须菜在低浓度Cu2+、Cd2+污染水体中对铜(Cu)、镉(Cd)富集与释放的模拟实验,探索龙须菜对Cu、Cd污染水体的修复作用。富集实验结果表明,龙须菜对Cu2+、Cd2+有较强的富集能力,龙须菜中Cu、Cd的含量与水体中Cu2+、Cd2+的浓度以及暴露时间呈显著正相关关系。在Cu2+、Cd2+共存的环境中,龙须菜Cu、Cd的含量均比Cu2+、Cd2+单独存在的环境中高。应用双箱模型,对富集和释放实验的数据进行拟合,得到龙须菜富集Cu2+、Cd2+的速率常数和释放速率常数。拟合结果显示,龙须菜对Cu的富集能力高于对Cd的富集能力。龙须菜的富集能力随水体中Cu2+、Cd2+浓度的升高而降低。释放实验结果表明,离子交换和络合是龙须菜富集Cu2+、Cd2+的重要途径,被龙须菜吸附的Cu2+、Cd2+通过解吸能重新被释放。 相似文献