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对1日龄黄羽肉鸡免疫新城疫与传染性支气管炎二联弱毒活疫苗——威支灵(即新威灵+H120),在21日龄进行新城疫强毒攻毒,与a疫苗(Mass株+La Sota克隆株)(保护率为86.7%)及c疫苗(LaSota+H120)(保护率为90%)免疫组相比,威支灵免疫组表现出了较高的保护力(保护率为96.7%),未免疫攻毒组的死亡率为40%。新城疫病毒HI检测结果表明强毒攻毒后的鸡群的新城疫HI抗体升高,同样证明了攻毒的有效性。 相似文献
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以禽霍乱蜂胶菌苗免疫2月龄和成年健康鸡,免疫期为6个月.193天保护率仍达50%.菌苗于4～8℃保存15个月,20～30℃保存4个月,免疫效力基本不变.以1.0ml 菌苗免疫2月龄健康鸡,分别功击5、10、20及40MLD强毒,保护率分别为100%、100%、100%和42.86%. 相似文献
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使用鸡新城疫-禽流感（H9N2 HP株）二联灭活疫苗分别免疫3、7、14日龄三组商品肉鸡各40羽,同时设一组空白对照组。各免疫组及对照组于3、7、14、21、28、35、42日龄采血检测新城疫、禽流感抗体,于21、28、35日龄进行禽流感病毒攻毒,对比不同日龄免疫组的抗体消涨情况及不同日龄禽流感攻毒结果。发现对照组随鸡日龄增加,新城疫与禽流感抗体逐渐下降,在42日龄时下降至0,而不同免疫组新城疫与禽流感抗体均先下降,21日龄左右开始上升,至35日龄新城疫与禽流感抗体升至6log2以上。3日龄免疫组的禽流感免疫保护效果最好,21、28、35日龄时禽流感强毒攻毒保护率均达100%;7日龄免疫组在21、35日龄时禽流感强毒攻毒保护率均达100%,28日龄时禽流感强毒攻毒保护率达70%;14日龄免疫组在28、35日龄时禽流感强毒攻毒保护率均达100%,21日龄时禽流感强毒攻毒保护率只达30%。试验表明,商品肉鸡选择3日龄免疫鸡新城疫-禽流感（H9N2 HP株）二联灭活疫苗时禽流感免疫保护效果最好,采用3日龄免疫程序可以提高新城疫与禽流感的免疫保护效果,减少养殖业的经济损失。 相似文献
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一、遗传因素 遗传因素是决定鹌鹑产蛋率高低的重要因素之一。不同的鹌鹑品种,在相同时期的产蛋率也会有很大的差距。肉用型鹌鹑(如迪法克)在产蛋高峰期,产蛋率仅有70%,而同一时期的蛋鹌鹑品种(如朝鲜龙城、南农黄羽)产蛋率可达85%,白羽鹌鹑则高达95%～98%。所以,要根据不同的饲养目的,饲养不同的鹌鹑品种。 二、年龄与疾病对 产蛋率的影响 (一)年龄对产蛋率的影响 蛋鹌鹑一般35～40日龄开始产蛋,45日龄产蛋率可达 50%,65～70日龄便可达产蛋高峰,且产蛋持久性很强,12月龄前,产蛋率可一直保持在 80% 以上。 12… 相似文献
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1 发病情况
2008年7月,河南焦作市修武县高村乡某鹌鹑养殖场饲养的1200只鹌鹑,50日龄时产蛋率达到25%,60日龄部分鹌鹑开始出现采食量下降,在70日龄时,产蛋率只有40%(同期正常产蛋率应至70%),少数鹌鹑精神沉郁,羽毛蓬松,站立困难、脚趾关节肿大、拉白色稀粪,场主误诊为白痢病,开始用2%的盐酸环丙沙星可溶性粉饮水,但症状没有改善.80日龄时.多数鹌鹑腿关节异常肿大,病鹌鹑出现死亡,死亡率达到10%,产蛋率已降至30%. 相似文献
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试验旨在研究日粮粗蛋白质水平对黄羽自别雌雄配套系父母代种鹌鹑产蛋性能和孵化性能的影响。选取75日龄产蛋栗羽鹌鹑1 080只、雄性黄羽鹌鹑300只,随机分为2组,以粗蛋白质水平分别为25%和21%的日粮作为2个处理,每个处理3个重复,每个重复180只产蛋鹌鹑、50只雄性鹌鹑。预试期15 d,正试期30 d。结果显示,25%蛋白组产蛋率和平均蛋重均显著高于21%蛋白组(P0.05);25%蛋白组料蛋比显著低于21%蛋白组(P0.05);相对于21%蛋白组,25%蛋白组入孵蛋孵化率和雏鹌鹑初生重指标都有显著提高(P0.05)。结果表明,种鹌鹑日粮蛋白水平由21%提高到25%,可提高种鹌鹑的产蛋性能和孵化效果。 相似文献
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为科学指导鸡新城疫基因Ⅶ型灭活标记疫苗（MG7株）的临床免疫剂量,通过测定免疫鸡HI抗体滴度和攻毒保护试验,进行了10日龄和30日龄SPF鸡最小有效免疫剂量的研究。动物实验使用10 μL、20 μL和40 μL三种不同免疫剂量,免疫疫苗后21 d检测HI抗体效价,10日龄SPF鸡001批次疫苗HI抗体平均效价依次为：4.8、6.2和6.5,攻毒保护率依次为80%、100%和100%,30日龄SPF鸡HI抗体平均效价依次为：5.0、6.3和6.5,攻毒保护率依次为70%、100%和100%,结果表明,新城疫灭活标记疫苗（MG7株）HI 抗体效价和保护效力呈正相关, 免疫剂量与HI 抗体效价和保护效力也呈正相关。用NDV基因Ⅶ型强毒G7株进行攻毒保护试验,两种日龄鸡在20 μL的免疫剂量下,疫苗仍能达到良好的免疫保护效果。 相似文献
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分别制备了源于鸡、鹅、鸽、鹌鹑、孔雀、画眉鸟、珍珠鸡的禽型副粘病毒(APMV-1)7个强毒分离毒株和商品弱毒疫苗株克隆30(C30)的灭活油乳剂苗,并用这8种灭活油乳剂苗和C30株的活疫苗分别在鸡、鹌鹑、鹅和鸽进行了免疫及交叉攻毒保护试验。免疫后(PI)分别测定试验禽血清的新城疫病毒(NDV)血凝抑制(HI)抗体的滴度,并于PI 5周用强毒株进行攻毒。结果表明,鸽的HI抗体几何平均滴度(MAT)为9.00~10.0 log2,鸡的为7.13~7.63 log2,鹌鹑的为5.00~5.13 log2,鹅对灭活油乳剂苗的为5.63~6.38 log2、而对C30株活疫苗的仅为3.38log2;除了C30株活疫苗免疫鹅提供的保护率比较低(20%)外,8种油乳剂苗都能对同源或者异源强毒株的攻毒提供比较高的保护率(66.75%~100%)。研究结果表明,经典疫苗株C30与近年来从各种不同禽类分离的致病性APMV-1野毒株之间、不同禽源分离株之间的抗原性,以及各种不同禽源分离株的之间的免疫原性差异均不大。 相似文献
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鹌鹑对新城疫病毒的易感性试验 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
用从新城疫病死鹌鹑中分离的新城疫病毒(NDV)株(QNDV-1)和鸡新城疫毒株(F_(48)E_8),对5日龄、10日龄、25日龄、35日龄和70日龄等不同日龄鹌鹑进行了感染试验,并用15日龄鹌鹑做了呼吸道、肌肉注射、皮下注射、脑内注射、静脉注射和消化道等不同途径的感染试验。结果表明:供试不同日龄鹌鹑均可被感染发病,并出现和自然病例同样的症状或死亡,随着日龄增长,死亡率有降低趋势,70日龄鹌鹑(成年产卵)出现同自然病例同样的产卵量下降和产出异常卵现象;不同途径均可使鹌鹑感染发病或死亡,其中以脑内注射和静脉注射所表现的发病或死亡最为急剧;从病死鹌鹑中可重新收回到新城疫病毒,发病耐过鹌鹑可产生特异性抗体。 相似文献
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Newcastle disease (ND) is a highly contagious disease of chickens causing significant economic losses worldwide. Due to the limitation in their efficacy, current vaccination strategies against ND need improvements. This study aimed to evaluate a new-generation ND vaccine for its efficacy in providing clinical protection and reducing virus shedding after challenge. Broiler chickens were vaccinated in ovo or subcutaneously at hatch with a turkey herpesvirus-based recombinant vaccine (rHVT) expressing a key protective antigen (F glycoprotein) of Newcastle disease virus (NDV). Groups of birds were challenged at 20, 27, and 40 days of age with a genotype V viscerotropic velogenic NDV strain. Protection was 57% and 81%, 100% and 95%, and 100% and 100% after the subsequent challenges in the in ovo and subcutaneously vaccinated chickens, respectively. Humoral immune response to vaccination could be detected from 3-4 wk of age. Challenge virus shedding was lower and gradually decreased over time in the vaccinated birds compared to the unvaccinated control chickens. In spite of the phylogenetic distance between the NDV F gene inserted into the vector vaccine and the challenge virus (genotype I and V, respectively), the rHVT NDV vaccine provided good clinical protection and significantly reduced challenge virus shedding. 相似文献
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S S Cloud J K Rosenberger H S Lillehoj 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》1992,34(3-4):353-366
To determine the functional impact of alterations in lymphocyte concentrations and ratios following infection with chicken anemia agent (CAA) alone or in combination with infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) on the immune system of young chickens, in vitro lymphoproliferation assays and in vivo responses to vaccination with several common viral agents were assessed at various time intervals post-inoculation (PI). Concanavalin A (Con A), phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and pokeweed mitogen (PWM) stimulation of splenic lymphocytes (SPL) collected from control birds could not be detected until 10-14 days PI. Infection with CAA was characterized by significantly higher PWM stimulation of SPL at 17 days PI and significantly lower PWM stimulation of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) at 14 days PI, compared with uninfected controls. Concanavalin A and PWM stimulation of SPL was significantly increased in birds inoculated with IBDV alone. Lymphocytes harvested from birds inoculated simultaneously with CAA and IBDV had significantly lower responses. Effects on humoral and cell-mediated immunity following CAA and/or IBDV were determined by evaluating vaccination responses to Newcastle disease virus (NDV), fowl pox virus (FPV) and infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) during the acute phase of CAA infection (2 weeks PI). Vaccination of birds 2 weeks following CAA infection at 1 day of age resulted in decreased protection against NDV (85.7%) and ILTV (7.1%) challenge compared with protection rates in control birds (100% and 53.3% respectively). Infectious bursal disease virus infection was associated with decreased protection against NDV (60%) only. Concomitant infection at 1 day of age resulted in a greater reduction in NDV challenge protection (33.3%), slightly decreased FPV protection (87.5%), increased numbers of persistent FPV vaccination lesions and increased protection against ILTV challenge (71.4%). Vaccination of birds 2 weeks following CAA infection at 2 weeks of age resulted in slightly decreased NDV humoral antibody, development of persistent FPV vaccination lesions (17%) and increased immunity to ILTV challenge compared with control birds (83.3% vs. 66.7%). Chickens inoculated with IBDV alone displayed a more severe depression in NDV antibody titers and only a slight decrease in ILTV protection. Vaccination following concomitant infection at 2 weeks of age resulted in a higher percentage of FPV persistent vaccination lesions (39%) and greatly enhanced immunity to ILTV challenge (100%). 相似文献
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Quail bronchitis was experimentally reproduced in captive-reared bobwhite quails (Colinus virginianus). Quails were inoculated with 10(6) mean tissue culture infective doses of quail bronchitis virus at 1,3,6, or 9 weeks of age by the intratracheal, intraperitoneal, or subcutaneous route. Clinical signs were minimal, but occasionally birds were ruffled, exhibited open-mouthed breathing, and developed "snicks." Mortality rates of quails inoculated at 1 or 3 weeks ranged from 7% to 87%. Quails inoculated at 6 or 9 weeks of age had mortality rates from 0% to 20%. Mean body weights of survivors that had been inoculated at 3 or 6 weeks were significantly less than those of controls (P less than 0.05). No significant differences in body weight were detected between quails inoculated at 1 or 9 weeks and their uninoculated controls. Antibodies to group I adenovirus were detected by agar gel precipitation in 87.5% of birds that survived infection. 相似文献
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旨在了解猪脾转移因子（TF）对新城疫病毒（NDV）弱毒疫苗LaSota株的免疫增强效果及机制。本研究分别采用不同剂量（10-2、10-3、10-4、10-5羽份） LaSota疫苗株单独（单独免疫组）、LaSota疫苗株与TF联合（联合免疫组）免疫SPF鸡,14 d后以NDV F48E9强毒攻毒,同时设立对照组（非免疫攻毒）和空白组（非免疫非攻毒）,并采用ELISA方法与蛋白质芯片技术分别测定外周血IL-4、IFN-γ与IL-12 P40浓度。结果显示,鸡免疫10-2、10-3、10-4、10-5羽份时疫苗攻毒保护率和半数保护量（PD50）如下：单独免疫组分别为100%、55%、0%、0%和0.000 8羽份,联合免疫组分别为100%、75%、0%、0%和0.000 5羽份,对照组和空白组死亡率分别为100%和0%。免疫10-3羽份疫苗后,联合免疫组IL-4和IFN-γ含量均高于其他组,并于第7、14天差异极显著（P<0.01）;攻毒后,联合免疫组IL-4、IFN-γ和IL-12 P40含量均高于其他组,IL-4于第1、14天,IFN-γ于第1、3天,IL-12 P40于第1天差异极显著（P<0.01）。综上表明,TF可增强IFN-γ、IL-12介导的细胞免疫和IL-4介导的体液免疫,提高LaSota株弱毒疫苗的免疫保护率,降低疫苗PD50;在抵抗NDV F48E9强毒攻击时,联合免疫组的免疫保护率明显高于单独免疫组。 相似文献
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Survival of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and Salmonella enteritidis serovar typhimurium (introduced as infected carcasses) in Lactobacillus-fermented edible waste material was studied to determine the ability of the fermentation to activate disease agents in carcasses. Two trials were conducted. In the 1st trial, the fermented wastes contained 20% infected carcasses (protein) consisting of equal numbers of chicken (NDV) and rat (Salmonella) carcasses, and the 2nd trial contained 40% carcasses (protein). Mixtures were incubated at 20 C, 30 C, and 40 C for 216 hours. Samples were obtained daily for quantitative virus and bacterial isolation. Temperature, pH, and redox potential were monitored. In both trials, pH and redox potential changes occurred between 24 and 48 hours depending on the incubation temperature. In both trials, NDV survived 4 days at 20 C, 2 days at 30 C, and 1 day at 40 C. Salmonella enteritidis serovar typhimurium survived 5 days at 20 C, 1 day at 30 C, and was not isolated from the 40 C samples after 24 hours in both trials. 相似文献
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用新支流三联苗（批号200701）免疫AA+父母代肉种鸡,子代雏鸡1日龄母源抗体的变化情况与其种鸡血清抗体的消长情况相似,呈强正相关。1日龄雏鸡母源抗体平均滴度越高,其15～17日龄后下降越迅速,至28日龄时已接近为0。结果表明,种鸡免疫后1～3个月,其子代在14日龄内的母源抗体可对ND的攻击获得全保护,传染性支气管炎母源抗体≥6log2。种鸡免疫后4～4.5个月,其子代对ND、IB的攻击在7日龄内能全保护。证明三联疫苗免疫种鸡后1～3个月可保护子代抵抗病毒攻击至14日龄;免疫后4～4.5个月,其子代可保护至7日龄;而免疫后5～6个月可保护子代至1日龄。 相似文献