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1.
ABSTRACT

Effect of 2,4-D and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) on fruit drop reduction in pummelo cv. Thong Dee was investigated in the pummelo growing areas of Nakhon Pathom province, Thailand. Five similar sized and aged of pummelo trees were selected to set up the experiment. Ten mature branches with the same size from each pummelo tree were randomly selected around the canopy for 2,4-D (20 and 40 mg L?1), NAA (20 and 40 mg L?1) application and control. All treatments were applied to selected pummelo branches 2 times at full bloom and 2 months after fruit set. The results showed that 20 mg L?1 NAA (14.84%) and 40 mg L?1 NAA (12.26%) gave significantly higher percent of fruit retention at 6 months after fruit set. However, leaf total nonstructural carbohydrate concentration analysis showed that 40 mg L?1 2,4-D (104.86 mg g?1) and 20 mg L?1 2,4-D (96.55 mg g?1) gave significantly higher total nonstructural carbohydrate than those in control (78.44 mg g?1). For fruit quality, 40 mg L?1 2,4-D and 20 mg L?1 2,4-D gave the highest peel weight with 435.55 and 358.57 g, respectively, and 40 mg L?1 2,4-D gave the highest peel thickness with 20.25 mm, while 20 mg L?1 NAA gave statistically higher total soluble solid than those in 20 mg L?1 2,4-D and 40 mg L?1 2,4-D. Therefore, 20 mg L?1 of NAA sprayed 2 times at full bloom and 2 month after fruit set effectively reduced fruit drop and increased percentage of fruit retention in pummelo cv. Thong Dee.  相似文献   

2.
In vitro embryo culture enabled satisfactory germination of immature seeds produced in crosses from early ripening sweet cherry varieties (Prunus avium L.). Three varieties —‘Rita’, ‘Bigarreau Burlat’ and ‘Carmen’— were crossed with ‘Early Star’ as male parent. Germination rate was affected by the developmental stage of both fruit and embryo. Fruit ripening stage was a critical factor for culture infection rate that increased with maturity. In-ovule embryo culture on Murashige and Skoog medium without hormones improved the embryo size but did not increase the germination rate due to a further increase in infection rate. Ex-ovule embryo culture on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with BA 1 mg L?1, NAA 0.5 mg L?1, 20 g L?1sucrose, 10 g L?1 sorbitol and 6 g L?1agar during the stratification time increased embryo length. Germination was performed on Brooks and Hough medium at the 22?±?1?°C with 16/8 h light/dark photoperiod. The highest germination rate (75?%) was reached in embryos that were 3?4 mm in length, after 30-days stratification at 4?°C. Embryos in fruits at green-yellow stage that were 3?4 mm long were morpho-physiologically developed to produce bipolar seedlings, without combined application of embryo culture and micropropagation.  相似文献   

3.
Chinese jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) is a major fruit crop in Asia. In this study, response surface methodology (RSM) was successfully employed to establish a highly efficient in vitro propagation and regeneration system for the ‘Teapot’ jujube via shoot organogenesis. Among the tested factors, gibberellic acid (GA3) concentration showed the most significant positive effect. The pre-culture darkness timing and medium were also important factors for highly efficient shoot regeneration of the ‘Teapot’ jujube. The highest regeneration (> 75%) was achieved by 1 week in darkness and culture on wood plant medium (WPM) containing 0.25 mg·L?1 GA3, 0.5 mg·L?1 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 0.1 mg·L?1 3-indoleacetic acid (IAA). In vitro-derived shoots rooted very well in the modified 1/2 Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 0.4 mg·L?1 3-indolebutyric acid (IBA), resulting in a 100% rooting rate. These findings suggest that the RSM can be employed to optimise the protocols needed for successful in vitro plant regeneration of jujube cultivars, with potential applications in plant genetic transformation practices, polyploidy induction and germplasm preservation.  相似文献   

4.
Cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) is a perennial deciduous shrub, widespread in forest populations in Southeast Europe with tolerance against some pests and diseases and rich in nutrients such as organic acids, carotenoids, anthocyanins, polyphenols, vitamin C and vitamin E. The aim of this paper was to determine basic pomological and technological characteristics of Cornelian cherry using three forest populations at Visegrad, Gorazde and Drvar in Bosnia and Herzegovina during the two years, 2010 and 2011. The Cornelian cherries weighted from 1.8 g (Gorazde in 2011) to 2.6 g per fruit (Drvar in 2010), did not ripen homogenously on a tree as shown by the large variation in their red colour CIE- a values of between 7.5 (Drvar), 14.2 (Gorazde) and 18.3 (Visegrad) and soluble solids between 16.1 (Visegrad) and 17.6?% (Gorazde). The most abundant organic acid in Cornelian cherry was malic acid with 35–43 g kg?1 FM, followed by tartaric (1.1–2.8 g kg?1 FM) and citric acid (0.1–1.8 g kg?1 FM) and smaller amounts of quinic, shikimic and fumaric acid below 0.05 g kg?1 FM each, resulting in sugar:acid ratios of 3.3:4.7 and slightly acidic or bitter flavour. The concentration of the phenolic compounds of the Cornelian cherry fruits, as determined by HPLC-MS, was influenced by the growing region with large concentrations of the anthocyanin procyanidin B1 (0.7–0.9 g kg?1 FM) and B2 (0.1–0.2 g kg?1 FM) and the peonidin 3-glucoside (0.2–0.7 g kg?1 FM) and the flavonol quercetin 3-O-robinobioside (1.8–2.6 mg kg?1 FM), which is larger than in many sweet and sour cherries, raspberry, red current and gooseberry.  相似文献   

5.
Bael [Aegle marmelos (L.) Correa], a medicinally important fruit tree grown on the Indian sub-continent, contains two bio-active furanocoumarins, marmelosin and psoralen, with pharmacological properties, plus two powerful groups of natural anti-oxidants, polyphenols and tannins. The present investigation aimed to measure the levels of these nutraceuticals at various stages of fruit development [150–345 days after fruit set (DAFS)] in two promising selections of bael from the Institute, CISH B-1 and CISH B-2, using a simple high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique. Marmelosin and psoralen were extracted from 5 g of homogenised fruit mesocarp using benzene, while tannins were extracted as tannic acid with 80% (v/v) methanol in water. Polyphenol concentrations were measured spectrophotometrically at 760 nm using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. The concentrations of marmelosin declined from 1,660 and 726 µg g?1 at 150 DAFS, to 523 and 170 µg g?1 at 345 DAFS in CISH B-1 and CISH B-2, respectively, whereas psoralen concentrations decreased from 216 and 41 µg g?1 to 102 and 9 µg g?1 during the same growth period in CISH B-1 and CISH B-2, respectively. Tannic acid concentrations decreased from 1.65 and 2.02 g 100 g?1 at 150 DAFS, to 1.52 and 1.54 g 100 g?1 at 345 DAFS in CISH B-1 and CISH B-2, respectively. The concentrations of total polyphenols did not show any significant changes in either bael selection over the same growth period. The concentrations of marmelosin and psoralen in CISH B-1 were highest in October (150 DAFS), while these values peaked in November (190 DAFS) in CISH B-2. The results suggest that fruit harvested at an early stage of growth (October–November) contained higher concentrations of nutraceuticals, increasing their suitability for fruit processing and use in the phyto-pharmaceutical industries.  相似文献   

6.
Mature green tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv Neang Pich) were exposed to 13.6 kJ m?2 UV-C or 0.5 μL L?1 1-MCP or combination of 13.6 kJ m?2 UV-C and 0.5 μL L?1 1-MCP, with appropriate untreated controls. After treatment, tomatoes were stored in air containing 0.1 μL L?1 ethylene at 20°C and 100% RH. The untreated fruit ripened significantly faster than those of all other treatments. UV-C treatment alone was able to delay fruit ripening by up to 5 days longer compared to untreated fruits whilst the additional of 1-MCP further delayed fruit ripening. UV-C and 1-MCP treatments alone or in combination had significantly slower ethylene production rates throughout the storage period. The fruit treated with the combination of 1-MCP and UV-C was significantly firmer and had higher total phenolic content compared to that of the other treatments. However, there was no difference between treatments in soluble solids content/titratable acids ratio, chlorophyll content, lycopene content and total antioxidant activity. These results show that UV-C and 1-MCP treatment delay ripening and improve the quality of tomatoes in the presence of low-level ethylene during storage. This new treatment could be used to extend the shelf-life of mature green tomatoes through the supply chain without the use of refrigeration.  相似文献   

7.
Hybrid breeding of Chinese jujube (Ziziphus jujube) is limited by embryo abortion. Improving the success of embryogenic progeny and immature embryo culture techniques could increase the breeding efficiency of new jujube varieties. We optimised the current immature embryo culture techniques by using immature embryos before the globular stage of Chinese jujube variety Lengbaiyu. The optimal growth media were as follows: for 30-day-old immature embryo growth, MS + IBA 0.8 mg·L?1 + ZT 0.5 mg·L?1 + GA3 7.0 mg·L?1 + NAA 0.2 mg·L?1 + LH 0.5 mg·L?1 + 5% sucrose, with 22.22% embryonic growth rate and 0.41% plantlet formation rate; and for young embryo differentiation, MS + TDZ (0.8 mg·L?1) + IAA (0.5 mg·L?1) + sucrose (3%), with 81.12% differentiation rate. Thus, regeneration via callus induction effectively improved the efficiency of embryo rescue from young immature embryos in Lengbaiyu, which might provide new approaches for breeding Chinese jujube.  相似文献   

8.
Plant growth regulators play a vital role in fruit growth and development. However, effects of compounds belonging to the group of brassinosteroids have not been fully investigated in sweet cherries. One relatively new and one commonly applied growth regulator, 22S, 23S-Homobrassinolide and GA3, respectively, were tested on ‘Summit’ and ‘Regina’ sweet cherries to determine the effects on fruit quality and physiological disorders. The substances were applied with a handgun sprayer at full bloom and at the beginning of fruit development (shuck split) for a 2-year period. GA3 was applied at the concentrations of 25, 50, 100 mgL?1 and 22S, 23S-Homobrassinolide at 0.05, 0.1, 0.5 mgL?1. A combined application of 100 mgL?1 GA3 + 0.1 mgL?1 22S, 23S-Homobrassinolide was also applied. Effects of GA3 and 22S, 23S-Homobrassinolide on fruit weight and size were evident for the concentrations applied and between the seasons for both of the cultivars. Combination of the both growth regulators and 100 mgL?1 GA3 alone produced longer fruits compared to the control trees in ‘Regina’. The 22S, 23S-Homobrassinolide applications increased the firmness of the flesh slightly, but not to a great degree, compared to the GA3 applications alone. The brightness of the red color was better with GA3 applications in ‘Summit’ and ‘Regina’. Brassinosteroid caused the fruits to have comparably dull red color. Total soluble solid contents of the cultivars were influenced by the substances and the year of the application. Stem resistance to separation from the fruit was under the influence of both treatments and seasons. In general, 22S, 23S-Homobrassinolide provided better stem resistance than the GA3 applications. There were no effects of the substances on the development of physiological disorders.  相似文献   

9.
In this study, the interaction between crop load and irrigation level on yield, fruit size, skin color and stem-end splitting fruit ratio in the apple cultivar ‘Gala, Galaxy’ grafted on rootstock M9 were investigated. Six irrigation programs were applied during the whole growth season: deficit irrigation (rates of 0.25 kc, 0.50 kc, 0.75 kc), full irrigation (rate of 1.00 kc), excess irrigation (rate of 1.25 kc) and non-irrigation (rates of 0.00 kc of “Class A” pan evaporation coefficient). Four crop loads in each irrigation application were performed by hand thinning after the June drop as a- a low crop load (3 fruits cm?2 TCA), b- a medium crop load (5 fruits cm?2 TCA), c- a heavy crop load (7 fruits cm?2 TCA), and d- an un-thinned crop load (>?7 fruits cm?2 TCA). The total tree yield increased with crop load and irrigation levels. Fruit size was significantly increased by the low crop load. Irrigation increased the fruit size compared to non-irrigation treatment. Further 0.75 kc, 1.00 kc and 1.25 kc irrigation treatments significantly increased the fruit length. Irrigation reduced the fruit flesh firmness. While the low crop load increased the skin red color, it decreased the fruit skin brightness. The yellowness of skin decreased with increasing in the irrigation amount. Irrigation reduced the skin brightness and yellowness, but it increased red color. Crop load and irrigation significantly affected the stem-end splitting fruit ratio. While the splitting fruit ratio increased with a decrease in the crop load, it decreased with an increase in irrigation amount, relatively. Consequently, the low and medium crop load treatments would be beneficial to increase the ratio of marketable fruits without any significant losses in yield for ‘Gala’ apple, especially under 0.75 kc deficit irrigation treatment.  相似文献   

10.
Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is one of the most important fruit crops in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. On the coast of Granada and Malaga (SE Spain), irrigated subtropical fruit species have been introduced and cultivated on terraces with a considerable economic importance as the only European production region. The subtropical fruit production in this zone is possible with intensive irrigation on terraces, which are economically more profitable than traditional rainfed crops (almond and olive), which have been replaced or abandoned. A 2-year monitoring period was conducted using drainage lysimeters to determine the crop coefficients (Kc) and fruit yield in mango (Mangifera indica L. cv. Osteen) orchards. Also, some quality parameters such as titratable acidity, total soluble solids, and vitamin C were evaluated under these conditions. The averaged Kc values of mango trees varied within production cycle of 0.43, 0.67, and 0.63 at flowering, fruit set, and fruit growth, respectively. In this study, the fruit yield under full water requirements (100% ETC) averaged 24.1 kg tree?1, amounting to 21.2 kg ha?1 mm?1 in terms of water-use efficiency. The quality parameters of the mango fruits harvested in the study area were satisfactory. Thus, this study highlights the need to optimize the irrigation-water use according to actual mango requirements, thereby achieving more sustainable Mediterranean subtropical farming in orchard terraces.  相似文献   

11.
Paclobutrazol (PBZ) is a member of the triazole plant growth inhibitor group that is responsible for inducing tolerance to a number of biotic and abiotic stresses. An experiment was, therefore, conducted to test whether PBZ application at various concentrations (0, 25, 50, or 75 mg L?1) through foliar spray or soil drench would protect pomegranate (Punica granatum) seedlings cv. Robab, subjected to freezing at ?3°C for 7 hours. PBZ improved the growth rate of pomegranate seedlings subjected to freezing stress and increased relative leaf chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence ratio, relative water content, soluble carbohydrate content, and enzyme activity of ascorbate peroxidase and guaiacol peroxidase compared with the control at the end of experiment. PBZ ameliorated the injury caused by freezing stress by inhibiting increases in proline content and leaf electrolyte leakage, which suggested that PBZ ameliorated the negative effect of freezing stress. The best protection was obtained from plants treated with PBZ at 50 or 75 mg L?1. The most evaluated parameters were not affected by PBZ application method.  相似文献   

12.
The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of pre-harvest aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) treatments on fruit quality parameters and bioactive compounds of sweet cherry fruits (Prunus avium L. cvs. ’0900 Ziraat’, ‘Regina’ and ’Sweetheart’). Whole trees were sprayed once with an aqueous solution containing AVG (0, 100 and 200?mg L?1) three weeks before the anticipated commercial harvest. Measurements were performed a week before anticipated harvest date, at anticipated harvest date and a week after anticipated harvest date. AVG treatments significantly maintained flesh firmness of all three sweet cherry cultivars. Harvest was delayed at least for a week through the keeping of flesh firmness with AVG treatments. The treatments slowed down the red skin color development in all three cultivars. The measurements performed over fruits collected at different ripening stages revealed that AVG resulted in decreased total phenolics and total anthocyanin and ultimately decreased antioxidant capacity in sweet cherry fruits. AVG treatments also decreased soluble solids content and increased titratable acidity of the fruits. This study revealed that pre-harvest AVG treatments were more effective in delaying sweet cherry fruit softening. The main advantage is to maintain the firmness of late-harvested fruit by retaining fruit quality attributes of sweet cherry fruit.  相似文献   

13.
Summary

Two ethylene experiments were designed to show the reaction of the pot plant Capsicum annuum ‘Janne’ to ethylene and to define the critical level of ethylene exposure. The ethylene exposure consisted of 72 h of darkness at 19°C, an ethylene duration of 6–72 h and ethylene concentrations of 0.05–5.0 µl l?1. After the plants had been exposed to ethylene they were placed in a post-production evaluation room. The response of capsicum to ethylene, as expressed by leaf and fruit abscission, was dependent on developmental stage, duration of ethylene exposure and ethylene concentration. Leaves were the most ethylene-sensitive plant parts, followed by the green and maroon fruits. Ethylene did not affect the rate of development into red fruits. The most developed plants were less sensitive to ethylene. Capsicum is very sensitive to ethylene, e.g. there was significant abscission of leaves after exposure to an ethylene concentration of 1.0 µl l?1 for 12 h and a significant abscission of leaves and green fruit after exposure to 0.05 µl?1 for 72 h. A critical ethylene exposure is suggested, dependent on plant sensitivity, duration of ethylene exposure and ethylene concentration.  相似文献   

14.
Zinc (Zn) deficiency is frequently observed in mangoes grown in calcareous soils. Inherent inability of mango to extract sufficient Zn from the soil exacerbates this situation. Therefore, mitigating effects of Zn application was investigated on flowering, fruit setting, yield and quality of mango cv. Samar Bahisht Chaunsa growing in calcareous soils. The experiment consisted of five treatments: control—no Zn, soil application of 50 and 100 g ZnSO4 per tree and foliar application of 0.5? and 1.0?% ZnSO4 solution. Zn was applied twice in the 2nd week of November, 2011 and 3rd week of March, 2012, respectively. The experiment was repeated on the same dates during the next growing season. Zn application significantly increased number of flower panicle, fruits matured panicle, leaf Zn concentrations, fruit size, peel thickness, fruit weights at harvest and after ripening and fruit yield tree, whereas it reduced malformed panicles and early fruit drop. However, flower sex ratio and fruit set remained statistically unaffected. Similarly, fruit quality in terms of total soluble solids, flesh color, aroma, flavor and overall acceptability significantly improved as compared to control. Foliar application mitigated Zn deficiency more effectively than the soil application in calcareous soils.  相似文献   

15.
Amana edulis (Miq.) Honda is an important medicinal plant with a variety of anti-cancer properties, and it is of great importance to improve its reproductive rate through micropropagation technology to meet increasing demand. In the present study, in order to establish a rapid in vitro bulblet propagation protocol for A. edulis, an L16 (45) orthogonal design was used to investigate the effects of sucrose, 6-benzyladenine (6-BA), α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), and macro-elements on bulblet induction. The results show that the sucrose concentration was the crucial factor for A. edulis bulblet initiation, followed by 6-BA and macro-elements, while NAA had the weakest effect. The optimal medium for in vitro bulblet induction was Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 0.1 mg·L?1 6-BA, 0.01 mg·L?1 NAA, and 100 g·L?1 or 80 g·L?1 sucrose (pH 5.8), in which A. edulis shoot clusters (without roots) were cultured at 5(±2)°C for 35 d or 60 d and then incubated at 23(±2)°C for 90 d. The entire cultivation process occurred in the dark. The present study demonstrates that this protocol can be used for the propagation of A. edulis.  相似文献   

16.
Zheng  Pufan  Zhang  Mei  Wang  Zhixue  Wang  Tongtong  Tang  Lili  Ma  Enfeng  Liu  Jinming  Shi  Fuchen 《Erwerbs-Obstbau》2022,64(2):219-227

To establish a quality evaluation system of the fruit quality of pear, 15 evaluation indicators of 9 main cultivars of pear (Pyrus spp.) in North China were analyzed. Analysis of variance (ANOVA), correlation analysis (CA), principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) were used to form a comprehensive evaluation model and select the characteristic indicators of the fruit quality. All of the 15 evaluation indicators showed significant differences from the results of ANOVA (P?<?0.05) among different cultivars. The values for coefficient of variation (CV) among 15 evaluation indicators ranged from 1.46% to 326.38%. There were different degrees of correlations between the evaluation indicators based on the results of CA. PCA was used to remove the overlapped information between the indicators, and then there were new variables with less information, so that the principal component comprehensive model was established. The rank of the 9 cultivars based on comprehensive scores of the fruit quality was listed as follows: ‘Mili’?>?‘Xuehua’?>?‘Hongxiangsu’?>?‘Daguoxing’?>?‘Yali’?>?‘Huangguan’?>?‘Yuluxiang’?>?‘Hongxiaoli’?>?‘Anli’. By combining HCA and principal component comprehensive model, titratable acid content, sugar-acid ratio, h* and fruit shape index were selected to be the characteristic indicators for the evaluation of the fruit quality of the main cultivars of pear in North China.

  相似文献   

17.
Green capsicums (Capsicum annum L.) were stored under low pressure (4 kPa) at 10°C for 5 and 11 days with 100% RH. The results showed that the incidence of stem decay under low-pressure storage for 5 and 11 days and storage at ambient atmosphere at 20°C for 3 days was lower compared to fruits that were stored at regular atmosphere at 10°C. Fruit that had been stored at low pressure at 10°C had no symptoms of flesh rots for up to 11 days, whilst fruit which had been stored at regular atmosphere at 10°C had 6% flesh rots after 11 days storage at 10°C.There was no difference in flesh firmness and colour retention between fruits stored at low pressure and regular pressure at 10°C. Capsicums stored at low pressure had higher overall acceptability compared to fruit that were stored at regular atmosphere at 10°C. These results demonstrate the potential of low pressure storage as an effective technique to manage capsicum fruit quality, however, there was no additional benefit when fruits were stored at low pressure for more than 5 days.  相似文献   

18.
ABSTRACT

In this communication, we have discussed and compared the different drying processes i.e. flat plate solar collector, open sun and mechanical dryer with the preservative solution of Sodium Benzoate. Loquats were pretreated with preservative solution and subject to the drying process. Drying kinetics in terms of moisture lost per hour and drying rate, texture and antioxidants retention were determined before and after drying. Statistical analysis of the data showed that the different drying process has significantly affected on the kinetics of loquat fruits with the confidence interval of (α ≤ 0.05), whereas the preservative solution showed a non-significant effect on texture and antioxidants retention. High moisture lost per hour (5.4%) was recorded in mechanical dryer followed by flat plate solar collector dryer (3.7 %) while minimum (1.8%) was recorded in open sun drying. Good textured dried loquat with optimum hardness (313 g) and stiffness (141 g mm?1) was found in flat plate solar collector dried samples. Similarly more antioxidants (52%) retained in samples dried with hot air using flat plate solar collector followed by the mechanical dryer (47%) while minimum (41%) was recorded in open sun drying. Although mechanical drying is fast, it does not help to maintain a good texture and more antioxidants. From the study, it was concluded that hot air drying using a flat plate solar collector is better for drying process to get valuable dried loquat with good texture and more antioxidants.  相似文献   

19.
Summary

Experiments were conducted to observe the effect of different concentrations of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on the post-harvest life and quality of ‘Allison’ kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa). Fruit were treated with 1-MCP at 0.5 µl l–1, 1.0 µl l–1, or 2.0 µl l–1, un-treated fruit served as controls. Each 1-MCP treatment was applied for 24 h at 20°C. After treatment, fruit were transferred to ambient temperature storage (22º ± 4ºC; 65 – 70% relative humidity) for 18 d, during which time observations on various physical, physiological, and biochemical parameters were recorded at 3 d intervals. Our results indicated that 2.0 µl l–1 1-MCP was the most effective treatment to delay softening and ripening in ‘Allison’ kiwifruit, as such fruit showed the lowest mean weight loss (9.8 ± 0.2%), the highest mean fruit firmness value (32.7 ± 0.2 N), and began to ripen only after 12 d in storage, whereas untreated fruit started ripening on day-6 of storage. The activities of fruit softening enzymes such as polygalacturonase (PG; 58.5 ± 0.3 µg galacturonic acid g–1 FW h–1), and lipoxygenase (LOX; 3.96 ± 1.3 µmoles linoleic acid oxidised min–1 g–1 FW h–1) were lower, and total phenolics (TP) contents (24.3 ± 0.3 mg 100 g–1) and anti-oxidant (AOX) activities (12.5 ± 0.03 µmol Trolox g–1 FW h–1) were higher in 1-MCP-treated fruit than in untreated fruit (PG, 98.3 ± 0.5 µg galacturonic acid g–1 FW h–1; LOX, 4.39 ± 1.0 µmoles min–1 g–1 FW h–1; TP, 5.3 ± 0.6 mg 100 g–1; AOX, 4.7 ± 0.02 µmol Trolox g–1 FW h–1, respectively). In addition, 1-MCP-treated fruit exhibited lower rates of respiration (48.3 ± 0.4 ml CO2 kg–1 h–1) and ethylene production (30.2 ± 0.02 µl kg–1 FW h–1) than untreated fruit (58.9 ± 0.6 ml CO2 kg–1 h–1; 38.7 ± 0.04 µl kg–1 FW h–1, respectively). Similarly, 1-MCP-treated fruit had higher titratable acidity (TA; 1.33 ± 0.3%) and ascorbic acid (AA) contents (115.9 ± 2.6 mg 100 g–1 pulp) and lower soluble solids contents (SSC; 8.33º ± 0.2º Brix) than untreated kiwifruit (TA, 1.0 ± 0.2 %; AA, 105.3 ± 2.2 mg 100 g–1 pulp; SSC, 13.7º ± 0.3º Brix, respectively). Thus, 2.0 µl l–1 1-MCP can be used for the post-harvest treatment of ‘Allison’ kiwifruit to enhance its shelf-life and marketability by approx. 6 d.  相似文献   

20.
Summary

Previous studies indicate that physical damage or wounding increases the preclimacteric production of ethylene in muskmelon fruit (Cucumis melo L., var. reticulatus Naud.) by inducing 1-aminocylopropane-l-carboxylic acid (ACC) synthase and ACC oxidase. In our experiments, ethylene production increased in the cylinders of preclimacteric fruit tissue from an undetectable level to 125 nl g?1 h?1 within 24 h after excision but declined to less than 50 nl g?1 at 48 h. Tissues subsampled from the inner portion of the original cylinder never exceeded 50 nl g?1 h?1 unless incubated for an additional 24 to 48 h after removal from the original cylinder. In contrast to ethylene production, ACC increased throughout all tissues in the original cylinder during the initial 48 h incubation. Wound induced increases in ACC were unaffected by inhibiting endogenous ethylene production with cobalt. The temporal and spatial patterns of wound induced ethylene production in preclimacteric muskmelon fruits are apparently determined by changes in the tissue’s ability to convert ACC to ethylene rather than the presence of ACC.  相似文献   

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