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为探索灯诱栗山天牛成虫更加经济有效的方法,利用太阳能灯诱灭虫器装上诱集效果最好波长的灯管和食物源引诱剂,对栗山天牛成虫进行了林间诱杀试验。结果表明:2017年栗山天牛成虫在辽宁省宽甸县出现的高峰期是7月21日,每日单灯平均诱集量最高达212.7头。7月12日的雌性比率均值最低(0.50),栗山天牛发生前期诱集雄虫较多;而7月16日至8月9日的雌性比率均值都大于0.50,诱集雌虫较多;7月26日以后诱虫数量开始下降;诱杀成虫的最佳时间是7月16-26日。采用太阳能灯诱灭虫器并结合使用食物源引诱剂能自动淹杀诱来的天牛成虫,诱杀效率高,值得在生产中大面积推广应用。 相似文献
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以栗山天牛[Massicus raddei(Blessig)]为研究对象,探讨诱捕器挂置高度、放置坡度和颜色3种因素对诱捕数量的影响。结果可知,诱捕器挂置在4 m高度下,诱捕栗山天牛的数量最多;诱捕器放置在山腰处,诱捕栗山天牛的效果较好;褐色诱捕器影响栗山天牛的视觉信号上效果显著,防治效果最好。 相似文献
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《辽宁林业科技》2016,(5)
为进一步搞清栗山天牛Massicus raddei成虫的生物、生态学习性,围绕成虫补充营养、雌雄成虫简易区别方法及行为学等方面展开了研究。结果表明,栗山天牛成虫喜食酸甜的水果,嗜食性程度按由大到小的排序为:桃梨=李=杏苹果。栗山天牛雄虫具有2型现象:第1种类型体形较大,长约40 mm,鞘翅满被污黄色绒毛,体色较黄;第2种类型体形较小,长约30 mm,鞘翅满被黄黑色绒毛,体色较黑;雌虫均为第一种类型,大小及体色与雄虫相似。栗山天牛成虫具有多次交尾的习性,其产卵习性也很特殊,不咬刻槽,而是直接将卵产在树皮裂缝中,并分泌胶状物将卵包埋,只露出椭圆形胶块,因而在野外不易找到。 相似文献
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栗山天牛的生物学特性及生物防治技术研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
结合野外观察和室内试验,对栗山天牛的生物学特性进行了观察研究。结果表明,栗山天牛羽化后未交配的雌成虫75.86%,怀有未成熟卵粒,平均未成熟卵为8.53粒/♀;成熟卵平均23.76粒/♀。产卵前期平均为4.6d,产卵期平均14.8d,产卵量平均33.2粒/♀。雌虫寿命平均22.3d,雄虫寿命略短,平均19.1d。栗山天牛危害主要分布在上坡、山脊和阳坡的栎树。人工捕捉是目前较为成熟的成虫防治技术,前期和盛期捕捉到的雌虫大多数怀卵量较大。利用寄生性天敌花绒寄甲防治天牛幼虫和蛹是主要的防治技术,前景广阔。 相似文献
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Lewis Clifford E. Burton Glenn W. Monson Warren G. McCormick W. C. 《Agroforestry Systems》1983,1(4):277-297
Agroforestry Systems - Native forages of southern United States are frequently low in nutrients and poorly digestible, while improved pastures are the opposite. Since this area produces rapid... 相似文献
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Field studies of damage and mortality were carried out through 16 years in six young plantations, mostly of Pinus contorta, but also P. sylvestris and P. sibirica. Differences between pine species, P. contorta provenances, sites, and soil treatments are reported and discussed, as are influences of environment, climatic conditions, snow cover, and nutrient deficiency. Gremmeniella abietina was by far the most important cause of mortality; there were great differences between the sites as to development and seriousness. Other important causes of mortality and damage were Phacidium infestans, elk (Alces alces L.), voles, and snow pressure. 相似文献
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Sarah Taylor Lovell V. Ernesto Mendez Daniel L. Erickson Chloe Nathan S’ra DeSantis 《Agroforestry Systems》2010,80(2):153-171
Agroecosystems can serve as multifunctional landscapes when treed habitats such as woodlots, hedgerows, riparian buffers,
windbreaks, and orchards, are conserved on farms. We investigated the extent, pattern, and multifunctionality of on-farm treed
habitats for 16 Vermont farms in the Lamoille watershed of the Lake Champlain Basin. The site was selected because the land
use pattern is representative of the region, containing a mixture of agriculture and forest in different habitat types. We
used a GIS-based approach to delineate treed habitats on farms and conducted semi-structured interviews with farmers to explore
their perception of the functions of treed habitats. Through an evaluation of the relationship between farm characteristics
and spatial attributes of treed habitats, we found farm size to be an important variable. Larger farms had more land in treed
habitats, while the pattern of these habitats was more complex on smaller farms. Average elevation of the farm, an indicator
of biophysical conditions, was a stronger predictor of the extent of treed habitats than farm characteristics. From interviews,
we found that farmers benefited from alternative forest products, both for direct consumption and sale, including firewood,
timber, maple sugar, edible fruits and nuts, and wood crafts. Most farmers also recognized cultural and ecological functions
provided by treed habitats. These results have implications for developing policies to promote the conservation of treed habitats,
considering the preferences of the landowner or farmer. 相似文献
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为研究茂名小良水保站桉树的化学成分,测定了小良5种桉树的8种营养元素的含量,其中K、Ca、Mg、Cu、Fe、Mn、Zn的含量采用火焰原子吸收光谱法进行测定,P含量采用钼酸铵分光光度法测定。结果表明：同一品种桉树同一器官中各营养元素含量比较,四种大量营养元素含量总体表现为K>Ca>Mg>P,四种微量营养元素含量绝大部分植物以Mn含量最高,Cu含量最低;四种大量元素P、K、Ca、Mg含量都表现为叶最大,枝次之,根和干中的含量较小;而四种微量元素Cu、Fe、Mn、Zn在植物各器官含量的高低排序缺乏一致规律;不同种桉树间的营养元素含量差别总体上缺乏一致规律。 相似文献
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Spatial distribution of heavy metals (Cu,Pb, Zn,and Cd) in sediments of a coastal wetlands in eastern Fujian,China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Lili Zhao Weibin You Haiqing Hu Wei Hong Xiaojuan LIAO Shihong Xiao Ren Wang Jinbiao Cai Xuncheng Fan Yong Tan Dongjin He 《林业研究》2015,(3)
We investigated the spatial distribution (horizontal and vertical concentrations) of copper (Cu), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), and cadmium (Cd) in five wetland types (mudflat, aquaculture wetland, water area,... 相似文献
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Seeds of Celtis australis were collected from 13 different sources, ranging from 550 to 1980 masl, in Central Himalaya, India. Significant (p = 0.05) variations were observed for seed traits among provenances. However, among various characters, seed weight exhibited
maximum variation between seed populations compared to other morphological characters. Between provenances, seed weight ranged
from 47.8 to 83.1 g/1000 seed, with mean value of 66.9 ± 10.7 g/1000 seed. Significant (p = 0.01) positive correlation was found between morphological characters of seeds including seed weight and elevational range
of seed source. For one year old seedlings, average shoot and root growth was 61.1 ± 13.3 and 30.5 ± 5.4 cm, respectively,
irrespective of provenance variation. Inter-comparing biomass yield of the seedlings with altitude, average biomass production
was 8.4 ± 2.5, 9.4 ± 3.3 and 12.7 ± 1.7 g/plant, respectively, for low (550–1000 masl), middle (1050–1250 masl) and high (1350–1980 masl)
altitudinal populations. Significant (p = 0.01) positive correlation between growth performance of seedlings and altitude of the seed source was recorded. Across
the provenances, shoots had the highest proportion of total biomass (42.3%), followed by leaves (32.6%) and roots (24.6%).
Among various provenances, Badiyargaon, Agroda, Guptakashi, Jakholi, Gajeli, Srinagar and Palampur populations produced heavier
seedlings and grew faster compared to seedlings of other sources. 相似文献
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In the United States, diseased oaks (Quercus species) exhibit tip blight, branch and stem cankers, and dieback often attributed to Diplodia species or related fungi. Emergence of Diplodia corticola as a pathogen of European oaks, and reports of this fungus in the eastern and western United States, prompted re‐examination of strains from Wisconsin. These had been obtained in the late 1990s and early 2000s and previously identified only as Diplodia species. Nuclear ribosomal ITS sequences were obtained from the Wisconsin strains and analysed with other sequences from GenBank. Wisconsin strains confirmed as D. corticola were from northern red oak (Q. rubra), black oak (Q. velutina), white oak (Q. alba) and bur oak (Q. macrocarpa). Other strains from oaks in Wisconsin were D. mutila and D. seriata. Wound inoculation of northern red, white and bur oak seedlings with D. corticola in a greenhouse resulted in shoot death and stem lesions, from which the pathogen was reisolated. We conclude that D. corticola has been present in the northcentral United States for at least two decades and report two previously unrecognized hosts of this pathogen: white oak and bur oak. The roles of D. corticola, related fungi and influences of other environmental factors in deterioration of oak health in North America merit additional investigation. 相似文献
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Uluguru forests are globally recognized as important biodiversity hotspots, but anthropogenic pressure threatens their value. This study examined species diver-sity, abundance, and structure of trees i... 相似文献
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广州从化市江埔风水林主要群落类型及其多样性初步研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
基于广州从化江埔地区的5个群落类型9个400m^2的样地数据,对该地区风水林的植物群落结构及其物种多样性特征进行了初步研究。结果显示：9个风水林群落样方中,共统计有维管植物96种,隶属于48科。群落类型主要有荷木林、藜蒴林、中华锥林、黄桐林和黄樟林,乔木层常见树种为荷木（SchimaSU—perba）、藜蒴（Castanopsisfissa）、中华锥（Castanopsischinensis）、黄桐（Endospermumchinense）、黄樟（Cinnamo—mumparthenoxylon）等;灌草层以罗伞树（Ardisiaquinquegona）、九节（Psychotriaasiatica）、疏花卫矛（Euonymuslaxiflorus）、华山姜（Alpiniachinensis）、半边旗（Pterissemipinnata）等植物为优势种。乔木层多样性指数从大到小依次为荷木林〉中华锥林〉黄桐林〉黄樟林〉藜蒴林,灌草层多样性指数由大到小依次为中华锥林〉黄桐林〉荷木林〉黄樟林〉藜蒴林。藜蒴林群落乔木层和灌草层种类较单一,生物多样性较低。 相似文献