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1.
The development of resistance is the main threat to the long-term use of toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) in transgenic plants. Here we report the cloning of a Bt toxin resistance gene, Caenorhabditis elegans bre-5, which encodes a putative beta-1,3-galactosyltransferase. Lack of bre-5 in the intestine led to resistance to the Bt toxin Cry5B. Wild-type but not bre-5 mutant animals were found to uptake toxin into their gut cells, consistent with bre-5 mutants lacking toxin-binding sites on their apical gut. bre-5 mutants displayed resistance to Cry14A, a Bt toxin lethal to both nematodes and insects; this indicates that resistance by loss of carbohydrate modification is relevant to multiple Bt toxins. 相似文献
2.
使用Bt Cry毒素防治农业害虫是作物生产上的一个革命性的进步,受体与Bt杀虫蛋白结合能力的改变可能是昆虫对Bt产生抗性的主要原因。氨肽酶N(aminopeptidase N,APN)是一类存在于昆虫中肠内的Bt毒素受体蛋白,通过讨论APN与Bt毒素的结合作用,综述了APN基因变异与鳞翅目昆虫Bt抗性相关的分子机理,并介绍了(Bt)Cry毒素与APN相关的作用方式新模型。 相似文献
3.
转Bt基因抗虫棉Bt毒蛋白表达量的时空变化 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
采用抗体夹心ELISA技术 ,对转Bt基因抗虫棉植株中Bt毒蛋白含量进行了测定。结果表明 :Bt基因在所检测的器官中均有表达 ,但是不同器官中的Bt毒蛋白含量明显不同。在苗期全展功能叶中Bt毒蛋白含量最高 ,根、茎和叶柄中含量较低 ;不同生育期的功能叶中Bt毒蛋白含量差异显著。Bt毒蛋白含量在苗期叶片中最高 ,蕾期次之 ,花铃期最低。随着棉花生长发育进程的推进 ,Bt基因在叶片中的表达强度逐渐减弱。Bt基因在棉株体内的表达随着器官的不同 ,生育时期的不同而表现出时空动态变化。 相似文献
4.
昆虫Bt作物抗性与中肠类钙粘蛋白的关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Bt作物已在世界范围内广泛种植,为有效控制害虫的危害发挥了重要作用。靶标害虫的抗性问题是影响Bt作物长期利用的关键因素。通过分析Bt Cry1A毒素的主要受体类钙粘蛋白（cadherin-like）的生物学特性及其与Bt毒素的结合作用,讨论类钙粘蛋白基因突变与Bt抗性的关系,综述了基于基因突变的抗性分子检测技术的研究进展。 相似文献
5.
转Bt基因抗虫棉Bt基因表达的时空动态 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
以转Bt基因抗虫棉 33B为材料 ,利用ELISA检测方法 ,通过对棉株不同发育时期和同一时期的不同组织或器官Bt晶体蛋白含量的测定 ,研究了转Bt基因抗虫棉Bt基因表达的时空变化。结果表明 ,随着棉株生育进程的推进和株体的老化 ,Bt晶体蛋白含量随着植株体内可溶性总蛋白含量的逐渐降低而降低 ,而Bt基因的表达强度从苗期到蕾期随着棉株营养生长的加快而呈上升趋势 ,至蕾期达到高峰 ,以后逐渐减弱。不同组织或器官Bt晶体蛋白的含量也有较大差异 ,表现在幼嫩组织或器官的含量较高 ,成熟组织或器官次之 ,衰老组织最低。这说明Bt基因表达强度的减弱和Bt晶体蛋白含量的降低是转Bt基因抗虫棉生育后期抗虫性降低的根本原因 相似文献
6.
Genome editing of the SfABCC2 gene confers resistance to Cry1F toxin from Bacillus thuringiensis in Spodoptera frugiperda 
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下载免费PDF全文 Ming-hui JIN Jia-hui TAO Qi LI Ying CHENG Xiao-xu SUN Kong-ming WU Yu-tao XIAO 《农业科学学报》2021,20(3):815-820
ATP-binding cassette transporter C2(ABCC2) is known to be a receptor for Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt) toxins in several lepidopteran insects. Mutations in the ABCC2 gene have been genetically linked to field-evolved resistance to the Cry1 F toxin from Bt in Spodoptera frugiperda. Here we generated a SfABCC2 knockout strain of S. frugiperda using the CRISPR/Cas9 system to provide further functional evidence of the role of this gene in susceptibility and resistance to Cry1 F. Results from bioassays showed that the SfABCC2 knockout S. frugiperda strain displayed 118-fold resistance to Cry1 F compared with the parental DH19 strain, but no resistance to Vip3 A toxin from Bt. These results provide the first reverse genetic evidence for SfABCC2 as a functional receptor for Cry1 F. 相似文献
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8.
Engineering modified Bt toxins to counter insect resistance 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Soberón M Pardo-López L López I Gómez I Tabashnik BE Bravo A 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,318(5856):1640-1642
The evolution of insect resistance threatens the effectiveness of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins that are widely used in sprays and transgenic crops. Resistance to Bt toxins in some insects is linked with mutations that disrupt a toxin-binding cadherin protein. We show that susceptibility to the Bt toxin Cry1Ab was reduced by cadherin gene silencing with RNA interference in Manduca sexta, confirming cadherin's role in Bt toxicity. Native Cry1A toxins required cadherin to form oligomers, but modified Cry1A toxins lacking one alpha-helix did not. The modified toxins killed cadherin-silenced M. sexta and Bt-resistant Pectinophora gossypiella that had cadherin deletion mutations. Our findings suggest that cadherin promotes Bt toxicity by facilitating toxin oligomerization and demonstrate that the modified Bt toxins may be useful against pests resistant to standard Bt toxins. 相似文献
9.
Transgenic crops producing insecticidal toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) are widely used for pest control. Bt-resistant insect strains have been studied, but the molecular basis of resistance has remained elusive. Here, we show that disruption of a cadherin-superfamily gene by retrotransposon-mediated insertion was linked to high levels of resistance to the Bt toxin Cry1Ac in the cotton pest Heliothis virescens. Monitoring the early phases of Bt resistance evolution in the field has been viewed as crucial but extremely difficult, especially when resistance is recessive. Our findings enable efficient DNA-based screening for resistant heterozygotes by directly detecting the recessive allele. 相似文献
10.
Xiang ZHANG Ming-yuan ZHOU Ya-bing LI Zhen-yu LIU Yuan CHEN De-hua CHEN 《农业科学学报》2021,20(5):1229-1238
Cotton bolls exhibit the lowest insecticidal efficacy among all organs of Bt cotton, which would ultimately affect the yield formation. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different urea concentrations on the seed Bt protein contents, seed cotton yield and the corresponding protein metabolism mechanism. The experiments were conducted during 2017–2018 cotton growing seasons. Two cultivars, Sikang 3(hybrid, SK3) and Sikang 1(conventional, SK1), were treated with six urea concentrations and their seed Bt protein contents were compared during boll formation period. The urea spray concentration had a significant effect on the seed Bt toxin content and seed cotton yield. Spraying of either 5 or 6% urea led to higher insecticidal protein contents and higher seed cotton yield for both cultivars. Moreover, the highest amino acid and soluble protein contents, as well as GPT and GOT activities, and lower protease and peptidase activities were observed at the 5 to 6% urea levels. Significant positive correlations between the seed Bt toxin and amino acid contents, and between the seed Bt toxin content and GPT activities were detected. The lower boll worm number and hazard boll rate were also observed with the 5 to 6% urea treatments, which may be the reason why nitrogen spraying increased the seed cotton yield. Therefore, our results suggested that the seed Bt toxin content and insect resistance were impacted markedly by external nitrogen application, and 5 to 6% urea had the greatest effect on insect resistance. 相似文献
11.
转基因抗虫棉对棉铃虫抗虫性研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
用转Bt、CPTI基因的抗虫棉材料进行抗虫性试验。研究结果表明 :1 导入不同外源基因的转基因抗虫棉因其杀虫机理不同而对棉铃虫抗性存在差异 ;2 随种植世代一代、二代、三代、五代其对棉铃虫的抗虫性下降 ;3 转基因抗虫棉的蛋白毒性在棉铃虫体内具有一定的残效 ;4 棉铃虫四龄以上幼虫对转Bt基因抗虫棉产生明显的抗性。 相似文献
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南方主要土壤中铁铝氧化物对土壤吸附Bt蛋白的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
[目的]研究Bt蛋白与南方主要土壤(砖红壤、赤红壤、红壤和黄壤)的相互作用,探讨不同形态铁铝氧化物对吸附的影响.[方法]采用平衡吸附法研究Bt蛋白在不同土壤上的吸附特征,并用Langmuir方程进行拟合.[结果]Bt蛋白在去游离态铁铝砖红壤和红壤表面吸附曲线为H型,而在其它供试土壤表面的吸附曲线均为L型,可用Langmuir方程拟合;去除络合态铁铝土壤对Bt蛋白吸附量增加,而去除其它形态铁铝氧化物土壤上的吸附量均有不同程度的降低,且游离态铁铝对Bt蛋白吸附的影响最大;Bt蛋白在去除络合态铁铝土壤表面吸附亲和力最大,在去除游离态铁铝的供试土壤表面亲和力最小.[结论]除络合态铁铝外,游离态、非晶形态等铁铝氧化物能促进土壤对Bt蛋白的吸附,这将为Bt蛋白在土壤中环境风险评价提供参考. 相似文献
14.
棉铃虫氨肽酶N基因片段克隆、表达和内源蛋白检测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
氨肽酶N（APN）是苏云金芽孢杆菌杀虫毒素Cry在昆虫中肠中的一个重要受体。研究氨肽酶N在昆虫中肠中的分布特征对于阐明Cry毒素的杀虫机理和昆虫对Cry毒素的抗性机理具有重要的意义。通过RT-PCR的方法从棉铃虫中肠上皮细胞中克隆得到氨肽酶N的基因片段APN1551,并诱导表达纯化得到其重组蛋白APN517。以此蛋白为抗原,制备其抗血清。用该抗血清能检测到棉铃虫中肠上皮细胞中的APN蛋白。为研究Cry毒素的作用机理奠定基础。 相似文献
15.
高温对转基因抗虫棉中Bt杀虫基因表达的影响 总被引：13，自引：1，他引：13
Bt抗虫棉中Bt杀虫基因能否稳定表达是影响转基因抗虫棉应用前景和商品化生产的重要因素。以转基因双价抗虫棉139-20的R5代材料，通过不同温度处理，研究温度处理对Bt杀虫基因表达的影响。结果表明，温度变化影响抗虫棉早期的生长发育和Bt杀虫基因的表达，从而影响了抗虫棉生长发育过程中Bt杀虫蛋白含量降低的时间。高温处理后可使Bt杀虫基因在生长发育期中的沉默时间提前，导致Bt杀虫蛋白含量急剧降低，具体原因可能是由于转录后水平的基因表达调控，引起特异Bt 杀虫基因mRNA的降解。因此，在生产实际中，应予以提前采取措施，预防高温期棉铃虫危害。 相似文献
16.
苏云金芽孢杆菌的概况及其研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
苏云金芽孢杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis,Bt)杀虫剂是对人和环境友好的安全型细菌杀虫剂。目前Bt杀虫剂已被广泛应用,但因使用剂量较大,导致防治害虫时费用过高。若在生物防治中使用超高效的细菌杀虫剂,就可降低其使用剂量。Bt 00-50-5菌株是从美国引进的高效杀虫菌株,其晶体蛋白的特征分析尚未完成,其毒素的作用机理研究也未进行。本项目即将开展如下研究:(1)先用具有特异性杀虫功能的Bt 00-50-5菌株进行发酵,继续完成对防治中国害虫防治效果的评价;再分析细菌的编码杀虫毒素基因和毒素的生化特征;然后混合荧光标记毒素和中肠细胞,加入昆虫中肠蛋白酶(或单独加入氨肽酶、碱性磷酸酶、ATP酶、枯草杆菌蛋白酶、钠或钾离子代之)反应,用荧光显微镜观察细胞变化;最后阐明杀虫毒素对靶标细胞作用机制。(2)通过研究毒素分子与受体分子的作用关系,拟在分子水平上阐明毒素的作用机制。 相似文献
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Reduced square Bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal protein content of transgenic cotton under N deficit 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Yuan CHEN Zhen-yu LIU Leila I.M. TAMBEL Xiang ZHANG Yuan CHEN De-hua CHEN 《农业科学学报》2021,20(1):100-108
To clarify the effect of the N deficit on the amount of square Bt insecticidal protein, different N application rates(0, 75, 150, 225, and 300 kg ha–1) were imposed on the conventional cultivar Sikang 1(SK-1) and hybrid cultivar Sikang 3(SK-3) during 2015–2016 cotton growth seasons. Under different N application rates, the square number per plant, square volume and square dry weight reduced when the N rates decreased from conventional rate(300 kg ha–1) to 0 kg ha–1. And the square Bt protein content decreased accordingly. The analysis of N metabolism showed that soluble protein content, GPT and GOT activities decreased, free amino acid, peptidase and protease activities increased under N deficit. Correlation analysis indicated that the reduced Bt protein content under N deficit was related to altered N metabolism. In conclusion, square development and the amount of square Bt toxin both decreased under N deficit, indicating that promoting the square development under appropriate N application rate would also promote the insect resistance during squaring stage. 相似文献
18.
当前,利用生物基因工程技术将外源抗虫基因导入玉米,使玉米自身产生抗虫蛋白而达到抗虫目的成为可能。为了明确转基因玉米携带Bt蛋白参与微生物发酵的安全性与效应,利用乳酸菌复合系SFC-2对转Bt基因及非转基因玉米秸秆进行接种,通过对发酵过程的pH变化、纤维素降解率、分解产物定性定量分析、Bt毒蛋白含量进行全程检测,并采用DGGE(变性梯度凝胶电泳)方法在分子水平上对发酵过程中的微生物遗传物质进行监测。结果表明,乳酸菌复合系SFC-2对转基因与非转基因玉米进行接种并发酵后,4种玉米秸秆的气味具有甜酸香味、色泽好、质地松散,且pH符合发酵饲料的要求;发酵体系中pH变化情况没有显著差异;可溶性糖含量变化无显著差异;气质联机分析表明,转Bt基因和非转基因玉米秸秆发酵过程中发酵产物种类无差异,乙醇、乙酸、乳酸及甘油产生量无显著差异;转Bt基因玉米在发酵过程中秸秆的毒蛋白含量呈现不断下降的趋势。本研究结果为转Bt基因玉米的合理利用和安全性评价提供了初步依据。 相似文献
19.
氨肽酶N(APN)是昆虫中肠中主要的Bt毒素受体,它与Cry毒素特异结合后,毒素插入细胞膜,在膜上形成孔洞,细胞裂解,最终导致昆虫死亡.APN的变异导致昆虫对Bt敏感性下降甚至产生抗性.就APN的结构特征、分类、APN与Cry毒素的相互作用机制以及APN与昆虫Bt抗性的关系作一综述. 相似文献
20.
3种ELISA法检测Bt杀虫蛋白的比较研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
运用3种ELISA法对提纯的Bt杀虫蛋白进行检测,结果表明:直接法ELISA和夹心法ELISA的灵敏度相同,都为0.94 ng/孔,但直接法ELISA中Bt蛋白量与OD值间呈极显著的线性关系,夹心法ELISA中Bt蛋白量与OD值间呈显著的线性关系;间接法ELISA的灵敏度较前两者低,使用HRP-IgG的灵敏度为15 ng/孔,Bt蛋白量与OD值间呈显著的线性关系,使用AKP-IgG的灵敏度为3.75ng/孔,Bt蛋白量与OD值间呈极显著的线性关系。 相似文献