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为了解近年来湖南省长沙市羊布鲁氏菌病（以下简称布病）流行情况,2018—2022年采用血清检测、现场调查、“知信行”问卷调查等方法,对全市羊养殖场户及交易市场开展了流行病学调查。结果显示:近5年长沙市羊布病平均群体阳性率和个体阳性率分别为0.42%和0.30%;布病主要传播风险因素是违规调运引进病羊和引入后不隔离饲养立即混群;被调查场户对布病知晓率较高（85.71%）,且日常工作中非常注重对布病的自身防护。结果表明:长沙市羊布病流行率较低,防控效果较好,部分县（市、区）已达到稳定控制标准,但布病病原已定殖,部分场户仍有传播布病的高危行为,疫情零星散发风险及对公共卫生的威胁依然存在。应进一步加强羊只调运的检疫监管,强化宣传教育,提高从业人员的布病防控意识,持续推进布病净化,逐步消灭布病,守护人民群众生命和财产安全。 相似文献
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2021年5月，湖南省长沙市发生一起人布鲁氏菌病疫情，确诊病例有共同暴露史，均接触或食用同一养殖场的羊胎衣。为确定疫情源头，防止疫情蔓延，消除疫情传播风险，通过现场走访询问、实验室检测等方式，对人确诊病例的共同暴露养殖场开展了畜间流行病学调查。调查结果显示：该养殖场饲养的山羊为外地调入且未经检疫，调入后出现疑似布鲁氏菌病症状并死亡；经实验室检测，存栏山羊的布鲁氏菌抗体阳性率为89.66%；相关人员普遍缺乏布病认知，防范意识不足，存在徒手接触羊流产物等情况，以及有食用羊胎衣的习俗。调查认为，养殖户外购未经检疫的羊是本次疫情的源头，相关人员布病防护意识低，对布病缺乏认知，导致感染。疫情确诊后，当地兽医主管部门按规定对存栏羊群进行全部扑杀和无害化处理，对栏舍进行全面彻底清洗消毒，依法查处违规调运等行为，使疫情得到有效控制。本次疫情警示，需要严格落实动物检疫和调运监管制度，做好监测预警，深化健康教育，提高群众自我防护意识，逐步净化消灭布病。 相似文献
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采用现代流行病学理念和方法,通过准确把握抽样科学性、监测准确性和精确性,科学选定试验目标群,规避试验选择性偏倚,系统地对榆林市布鲁菌病(下称布病)流行率、风险因素进行研究,提出实施基于风险的布病预测模型。结果表明,2015年全市陕北白绒山羊布病群体流行率为27.42%,个体流行率为0.934%;2016年全市陕北白绒山羊布病群体流行率为14.09%,个体流行率为0.21%。陕北白绒山羊布病发生相关的诸多假定风险因素中,外购混养的饲养模式、随意丢弃流产物、产羔地不严格消毒、近1年内有羊只引进、生产区与生活区不分离、2011年以后的新建养殖场等因素是布病发生的核心风险因素(P0.05)。通过风险因素研究成功构建了陕北白绒山羊布病发生的预测模型,对探索有效的布病防控模式和确保畜牧业健康发展与公共卫生安全具有重要意义。 相似文献
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2021年5月1日,绵阳市动物疫病预防控制中心接到南充市动物疫病预防控制中心通报,南充市某布鲁氏菌病(以下简称“布病”)患者将其饲养的山羊贩卖给绵阳市盐亭县富驿镇某村民。为及时评估布病传入及传播风险,保障公共卫生安全,绵阳市和盐亭县两级动物疫病预防控制中心工作人员采取实地查看、走访座谈、实验室检测等方式开展了畜间布病紧急流行病学调查。经检测,该羊场布病阳性率为43.75%;经调查,从外地购入风险羊只是导致疫情发生的主要原因,母羊到外配种导致一定传播扩散风险。本次疫情提示:应加大布病监测力度,强化检疫和调运监管,加强兽医基层体系建设,促进布病防控知识宣传。 相似文献
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为了解云南省曲靖市羊布鲁氏菌病传播风险因素，以2021年布鲁氏菌病监测数据为基础，采用病例对照研究方法，对曲靖市8个县（市、区）181个羊养殖场开展问卷调查，并对养殖场饲养管理状况、生物安全措施等方面的18个风险因素进行单因素分析、多因素二元Logistic回归分析，构建回归方程，计算模型的预测概率，建立ROC曲线。结果显示：共回收有效问卷155份，涉及54个阳性场、101个阴性场；经单因素分析，从18项风险因素中选出13项P <0.05的因素；经多因素二元Logistic回归分析，“外购混养”（OR=9.006,95%CI:2.844～28.524）、“养殖场门口不消毒”（OR=7.835,95%CI:1.303～47.110）、“与邻居共用运输工具”（OR=13.087,95%CI:1.774～96.535）、“交通工具不消毒”（OR=4.263,95%CI:1.294～14.043）在病例组和对照组之间差异显著（P <0.05）,ROC曲线下面积为0.815(95%CI:0.743～0.887)，模型预测性尚好。结果表明，“外购混养”“养殖场门口不消毒”“与邻居共用运... 相似文献
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为了解西安市牛羊布鲁氏菌病传播风险因素,以2019—2020年布鲁氏菌病监测数据为基础,采用病例对照研究方法,对西安市12个区县360个养殖场点开展问卷调查,然后对引种、饲养管理、消毒等17个风险因素进行单因素分析,并将与养殖场阳性有关联的因素进行卡方检验及多因素二元Logistic回归,构建回归模型,计算模型的预测概率,建立ROC曲线。结果显示:共回收有效问卷322份,涉及285个阴性场点、37个阳性场点;西安市牛羊布鲁氏菌病传播的主要风险因素为"曾引进动物"(OR=13.8,95%CL:3.8～50.1)、"混群前未隔离观察"(OR=16.7,95%CL:5.1～54.4)、"车辆入场不消毒"(OR=4.6,95%CL:1.3～15.9);回归模型的拟合度较好,ROC曲线下面积为0.92(95%CI:0.87～0.97),模型预测性尚好。结果提示,牛羊养殖应坚持自繁自养,确需引进动物时,要规范引种,混群前隔离饲养,同时养殖场做好运输车辆消毒,相关部门要加强动物流通环节的检疫与监管,以降低布鲁氏菌病传播风险。 相似文献
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为了解辽宁省牛羊养殖场户布鲁氏菌病(简称“布病”)“知信行”水平,以便为今后调整和完善畜间布病综合防控策略提供依据,基于问卷调查的横断面研究,对辽宁省牛羊养殖场户进行抽样调查,数据录入“问卷星” APP,使用SPSS软件进行统计分析,查找影响“知信行”水平的因素。结果显示:牛羊养殖场户的布病平均知晓率为75.44%,布病防控态度积极率为51.31%,个人防护行为积极率较高,养殖环节防护行为积极率较低;单因素Logistic回归分析可见,牛羊养殖场户的“知信行”水平与其年龄、从事养殖年限以及牛羊购入方式有关(P<0.05);获得布病知识的主要途径是通过兽医、宣传资料和手机网络。结论表明:应加强患病动物临床症状、传播途径、流行特点等方面知识的宣讲,采用丰富的宣传渠道和宣传手段,以从源头有效防控布病。 相似文献
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为了解我国北方地区羊群生产、调运和交易等环节卫生状况,分析不同环节生物安全风险因素,2016年对内蒙古等15个省份,以及新疆生产建设兵团和黑龙江农垦进行了羊群卫生状况调查。数据显示,我国北方地区羊养殖规模化水平不断提高,2010—2015年羊养殖场户数减少了20.3%,出栏量增加了5.6%。养殖方式上,以放养和放圈养结合为主;繁育方式上,68%的场户为自繁自养。养殖场生物安全防护水平整体较低,羊个体发病率为8.9%,死亡率为2.7%。平均每县有2个活羊市场,每个市场日均交易活羊813只;活羊交易市场卫生状况总体较差。跨县境调出羊数量约占出栏量的56%;饲养用活羊长距离跨省调运范围广且呈聚集性分布;经纪人在羊只调运环节中起重要作用。 相似文献
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为了解四川省达州市山羊场布鲁氏菌病传播的风险因素,根据阳性养殖场分布情况,采用病例对照研究的方法,在全市6个区(县)的58个阳性场(病例)和387个阴性场(对照)进行问卷调查,对养殖场基本情况、饲养管理状况、生物安全措施等方面的25项风险因素进行单因素分析、Pearson相关性检验和多因素Logistic回归分析,同时构建Logistic回归方程,计算模型的预测概率并建立ROC曲线。结果显示:该市羊场感染布鲁氏菌的风险因素为:"养殖场存栏量在50头以上"(OR=9.08,95%CI:2.91~28.39,P0.01);"养殖场启用年限在2012年前"(OR=12.57,95%CI:3.69~42.85,P0.01);"养殖场近1年内引入过羊只"(OR=9.11,95%CI:1.08~77.29,P=0.04);"从达州市以外地区引羊"(OR=19.30,95%CI:1.94~192.41,P=0.01);"新购入羊只不隔离直接混群"(OR=6.78,95%CI:1.33~34.45,P=0.02);"临产母羊不隔离饲养"(OR=5.63,95%CI:1.61~19.72,P=0.01)。拟合回归模型的ROC曲线下面积为92.6%(95%CI:88.9%~96.4%),说明该模型预测羊场是否感染布鲁氏菌的能力较好。研究结果表明,达州市山羊场感染布鲁氏菌的主要风险因素为对外引羊,以及养殖场户生物安全意识和布鲁氏菌病认知度较差。这提示相关部门应重点加强羊只移动的检疫监管,积极对养殖场户开展布鲁氏菌病宣传干预。 相似文献
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Owen J Slocombe D McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1986,27(9):324-328
In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%).
Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada.
相似文献12.
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1989,30(6):504-508
In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%). 相似文献
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Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1985,26(10):323-327
In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal.
Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection.
相似文献14.
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Slocombe JO Villeneuve A 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1993,34(10):630-633
In late November 1991, 1883 clinics in Canada were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in 1991 and there was a 60.0% response. There were 344,031 dogs tested for heart-worm (HW), 627 were found infected and the prevalence of HW infection was 0.18%. There were 417 dogs with HW in Ontario, 116 in Manitoba, 38 in Quebec, 53 in British Columbia, three in Alberta, and one in Nova Scotia. In British Columbia, all of the infected dogs but one were from the Okanagan valley which, as from 1991, is a new focus of infection in Canada. Most dogs with HW had not been on preventive medication in 1990, and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 0.59%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Companion dogs, over three years of age and maintained primarily outdoors in rural areas, were most frequently infected. One cat was diagnosed with D. immitis and 33 dogs had Dipetalonema reconditium. 相似文献
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In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated.
Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively.
相似文献17.
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1988,29(8):641-646
In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%). 相似文献
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Owen J Slocombe D McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1987,28(8):491-495
In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%).
Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada.
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Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1984,25(9):347-350
In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario.
Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously.
相似文献