共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
桑皮纤维脱胶工艺初探 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
为从桑树韧皮中提取出桑皮工艺纤维，对桑树韧皮采用化学脱胶法和生物-化学联合脱胶法分别进行了脱胶试验。结果表明：采用生物化学联合脱胶法能降低桑皮工艺纤维的残胶率，且对纤维损伤小。制得的工艺纤维长度为52．7mm，细度为1．33tex。经与大麻工艺纤维对比，认为桑皮纤维物理指标接近大麻纤维，其脱胶、制纤工艺可参考大麻纤维的加工工艺。 相似文献
2.
Dark brown Alpaca fiber was reduced in shade via selective bleaching with peroxide. Two selective oxidative bleaching methods
were tested on alpaca top to assess their effectiveness for color removal and fiber quality properties. Color change, bundle
strength, weight loss, fiber diameter, surface modification, dye-ability and dye wash fastness were assessed for both methods
and compared with the original brown top. Bleach method 1 (BL-I) showed little surface modification, 5.8 % weight loss and
2.4 % strength loss. D1925 yellowness index was reduced to 74.3 from 83.1 and provided a good base for the dyeing of medium
to deep shades. Bleach method 2 (BL-II) displayed considerable surface modification, 7.8 % weight loss and 18 % strength loss.
BL-II also resulted in a mean diameter reduction of 1.9 micron during bleaching. Yellow-ness was reduced to 64.5 from 83.1
and provided a very good base for the dyeing of medium to deep shades. BL-I showed better exhaustion of the pre-metallised
dye Lanaset Violet B than BL-II. Wash fastness for BL-II was 1 grey scale unit poorer than BL-I. BL-II showed far better color
clarity at pale depths however the wash fastness of the finished product was not good enough to maintain the depth or clarity
of the color. BL-I showed poorer clarity of color but exhibited better wash fastness results. 相似文献
3.
The compressive and flexural properties of hemp fiber reinforced concretes (FRC) were examined in this paper. Natural hemp
fiber was mixed using dry and wet mixing methods to fabricate the FRC. Mechanical properties of the FRC were investigated.
The main factors affecting compressive and flexural properties of the FRC materials were evaluated with an orthogonal test
design. Fiber content by weight has the largest effect. The method for casting hemp FRC has been optimised. Under the optimum
conditions, compressive strength increased by 4 %, flexural strength increased by 9 %, flexural toughness increased by 144
%, and flexural toughness index increased by 214 %. 相似文献
4.
Marija Vukcevic Biljana Pejic Mila Lausevic Ivana Pajic-Lijakovic Mirjana Kostic 《Fibers and Polymers》2014,15(4):687-697
Short hemp fibers, acquired as a waste from textile industry, were used as an efficient biosorbent for removal of zinc ions from polluted water. In order to obtain the material with better sorption properties, short hemp fibers were subjected to oxidative and alkali treatment. The following factors that may influence the sorption properties of short hemp fibers were examined: fiber structure and morphology were characterized by iodine sorption, water retention and scanning electron microscopy, while specific surface area was determined by BET method. Additionally, the amount of carboxyl groups was determined by calcium-acetate method, and the point of zero charge of the short hemp fibers samples was determined by the solid addition method. Biosorption of zinc ions was evaluated through the total uptake capacity, equilibrium and kinetic data. Obtained data were analyzed by nonlinear Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms, as well as pseudo-first and pseudo-second order kinetic models, and the best fitting model was chosen using Akaike information criterion. Chemical modification, used in this work, leads to structural and morphological changes of short hemp fibers, and improvement of their sorption properties. It was found that sorption properties of short hemp fibers are predominantly influenced by surface acidity and the amount of functional groups, while fiber structure and specific surface area have a secondary role in the biosorption of zinc ions. Akakike information criterion values showed that biosorption of zinc ions on all tested hemp fiber samples obey the pseudo-second order adsorption kinetics, while experimental isotherm data fit better with Langmuir model. Biosorption of zinc ions on the hemp fibers is a predominantly chemical process, which mainly follows the mechanism of ion exchange on acidic functional groups, and occurs through the fast surface adsorption, intraparticle diffusion and final equilibrium stage. 相似文献
5.
Kwon Sun Lee Beom Soo Lee Young Hwan Park Yoon Chul Park Yong Min Kim Sung Hoon Jeong Sung Dong Kim 《Fibers and Polymers》2005,6(1):35-41
Research and development of nano fiber products is very active over the world. Physical characteristics and dyeing properties
of nylon 66 nano fiber were investigated in this study. X-ray diffraction, DSC, analysis of amino end group, and water absorption
were performed to get information concerning physical properties of nano fiber. Nylon 66 nano fiber was dyed with high molecular
mass acid dyes. Effects of dyeing temperature, pH of dyeing solution, and concentration of acid dyes on dyeing properties
such as rate of dyeing and the extent of exhaustion, were examined and compared to those of regular fiber. It was found that
nano fiber adsorbed acid dyes at lower temperature, got rapidly dyed, and its extents of exhaustion at specific dyeing temperature
were higher than regular fiber. It was also observed that nano fiber could adsorb a large amount of acid dye without a significant
loss in the extent of exhaustion. Washing fastness of the dyed nano fiber was lower by 1/2∼1 grade, light fastness by 1 grade
than the dyed regular fiber. 相似文献
6.
Influence of chitosan on the effects of proteases on wool fibers 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Textile processes generally produce a large amount of wastewater and cause a negative environmental impact. The use of proteases
in wool finishing could be an appropriate alternative to classical finishing methods. However, the enzymatic treatment could
cause excessive fiber damage. The application of biopolymer chitosan on wool fabrics prior to proteases treatment in attempt
to overcome the damage promoted by the enzymes has been studied. The treatments based on chitosan application followed by
enzymatic treatment reduce felting shrinkage, enhance whiteness degree, and improve dyeability of wool. Moreover, it plays
an important role in minimizing the wool fiber damage. 相似文献
7.
Characterization of castor oil/polycaprolactone polyurethane biocomposites reinforced with hemp fibers 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Nari Lee Oh-Jin Kwon Byoung Chul Chun Jae Whan Cho Jong-Shin Park 《Fibers and Polymers》2009,10(2):154-160
Abstact The thermal and mechanical properties of castor oil/polycaprolactone-based polyurethane (CPU) films and polyurethane biocomposites
reinforced with hemp fibers (HCPU) were investigated. Although similar films can be synthesized from petroleum, the main interest
in studying these biomass-based composites is based on the fact that both fiber and matrix are derived from renewable resources.
In this study, castor oil was used as a polyol for polyurethane films and hemp fiber was used to reinforce the biocomposites.
To control the mechanical properties of CPU and HCPU, polycaprolactone diol (PCL) was added to the polyol mixture. Varying
the mixing ratio of castor oil and PCL, the thermal and mechanical properties of the CPU and HCPU samples were investigated
by using FT-IR, DSC, DMTA, Minimat, and SEM. In an attempt to improve interfacial adhesion between the fiber and matrix biocomposites,
hemp fiber was reacted with MDI. FE-SEM micrographs showed that the surface of the hemp fiber became smoother after reaction
with MDI. Urethane bonding formation was confirmed by FT-IR. 相似文献
8.
“闪爆”处理对大麻脱胶及纤维性能的影响 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
采用“闪爆”新技术来处理大麻纤维，分析了闪爆处理前后大麻纤维脱胶、化学组分和理化性能的变化：结果表明，“闪爆”后的大麻纤维经水洗处理后，纤维素的比率显著增加，木质素等非纤维素成分明显降低，而且脱胶效果理想，大麻纤维的红外光谱闪爆处理以后在1510cm-1处吸收峰和在1736cm-1处吸收峰趋于消失，纤维的上染性能明显改善. 相似文献
9.
Most materials used in daily life are polymeric materials based on petrochemistry. The used polymeric materials can cause land pollution and air pollution after landfill or incineration. In contrast, natural fiber reinforced (NFR) composites are more suitable for the environment, however the reliability in terms of the durability and weatherability of NFR composites is still lacking. Thus, NFR composites require the reliability involved with durability and weatherability. In this work, poly(butylene terephthalate-co-glutarate) (PBTG), with a chemical structure similar to biodegradable PBAT, was used as the matrix in the composites, and hemp fibers were used as the reinforcement. Hemp/PBTG composites were fabricated by stacking hemp-fiberwebs and PBTG films with various fiber contents and thermal exposure times. Characteristics of the composites, such as the morphological structure, chemical structure, tensile properties, compressive properties, flexural properties, and impact strength, were analyzed to obtain the effects of fiber volume fraction and thermal exposure. As a result, hemp/PBTG composites were hardened in proportion to fiber volume fractions, and the hardening behavior of the composites increased tensile strength and flexural strength. However, the hardened structure of the composites decreased the impact strength and compressive strength of the composites. On the other hand, the mechanical properties of hemp/PBTG composites with thermal exposure times, were governed significantly by the brittleness behavior of the resin and the increased crystallinity of hemp fibers. Thus, the hemp fibers contributed to the improvements on structural stability, tensile strength and flexural strength of the hemp/PBTG composites, and increased the thermal durability of the composites with various thermal exposures. 相似文献
10.
C. W. Kan 《Fibers and Polymers》2006,7(3):262-269
In this paper, the effects of low temperature plasma (LTP) treatment on the dyeing properties of the wool fiber were studied.
The wool fibers were treated with oxygen plasma and three types of dye that commonly used for wool dyeing, namely: (i) acid
dye, (ii) chrome dye and (iii) reactive dye, were used in the dyeing process. For acid dyeing, the dyeing rate of the LTP-treated
wool fiber was greatly increased but the final dyeing exhaustion equilibrium did not show any significant change. For chrome
dyeing, the dyeing rate of the LTP-treated wool fiber was also increased but the final dyeing exhaustion equilibrium was only
increased to a small extent. In addition, the rate of afterchroming process was similar to the chrome dyeing process. For
the reactive dyeing, the dyeing rate of the LTP-treated wool fiber was greatly increased and also the final dyeing exhaustion
equilibrium was increased significantly. As a result, it could conclude that the LTP treatment could improve the dyeing behavior
of wool fiber in different dyeing systems. 相似文献
11.
This paper reports the effects of bleaching of alpaca tops and dyeing of bleached alpaca tops/yarns on the quality of tops
and yarns. A dark brown alpaca top was bleached with hydrogen peroxide. Two bleaching methods were tried for effectiveness
of color removal. A portion of each bleached top was dyed after bleaching. Color parameters were examined for unbleached,
bleached and bleached/dyed tops, these tops were then converted into yarns of different twist levels and counts using a worsted
spinning system. Some of the bleached yarn from each bleaching method was dyed in a package dye vat to compare the difference
of top dyeing versus yarn package dyeing on yarn quality. Fiber diameter, yarn strength, yarn evenness, yarn hairiness and
fiber degradation were tested to examine the effects of bleaching and dyeing on these properties at top and yarn stages. A
processing route for bleaching and dyeing alpaca fiber was recommended. 相似文献
12.
The effects of yarn number and liquid ammonia (L/A) treatment on the physical properties of woven fabrics prepared with pure hemp spun yarns were investigated. As a result of L/A treatment, the crystal structure of hemp fiber was changed from cellulose I to the mixtures of cellulose III and cellulose I and its crystallinity was slightly decreased by 13 %. The crease recovery of hemp fabric treated with L/A was improved upto 78 %. The washing shrinkage of hemp fabric treated with L/A decreased significantly to less than 0.4 %, while the washing shrinkage of hemp fabric prepared with the fined yarn was superior to that of hemp fabric prepared with the coarsed yarn. Especially, the wicking speed and drying ratio of hemp fabrics treated with L/A were higher than those of the untreated as yarn number increased. However, it was found that there is no significant effect on the UV protection of the L/A treated hemp fabrics. 相似文献
13.
The composition, structure, physicochemical properties, and optical properties of the raw jute and the treated jute were studied
in this work. The results of FT-IR and SEM indicated that both alkali scouring and hydrogen peroxide bleaching exhibited good
ability to remove non-cellulose materials, and the results were further confirmed by the composition analysis. Changes in
fineness and moisture regain were obviously affected by the degree of non-cellulose removal. The XRD results showed that there
was no crystalline transformation of the crystalline structure when the jute was treated under the applied condition. However,
the crystallinity index of all the treated samples increased in comparison with the raw jute, which induced the change of
mechanical properties. The brightness index and the whiteness index were greatly affected by bleaching rather than alkali
scouring. Furthermore, there was a formidable decrease in the yellowness index when the jute was bleached. 相似文献
14.
本文在汉麻纤维化学组分分析的基础上,利用中温活性染料,对多种纤维素纤维的染色性能进行了测定。研究了不同组成成分对汉麻纤维染色性能的影响,比较了汉麻纤维与其它纤维素纤维的上染百分率和上染速率的差异。结果表明,果胶和木质素的含量对汉麻纤维的染色性能均有不同程度的影响,但果胶的影响较木质素更为明显,汉麻纤维的染色性能与苎麻接近,但比棉纤维要差,更低于再生纤维素纤维。 相似文献
15.
The coloration of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) fiber with 18 carbocyclic monoazo disperse dyes bearing a hydrolyzable phthalimide
ring fused to the aromatic ring of their diazo components has been investigated. The phthalimidyl nitrogen atom was substituted
with either a n-butyl, sec-butyl, or isopropyl group, while the adjoining phenyl ring bore a substitution pattern typical of commercial colorants. There
was a broad correlation between percentage dye exhaustion onto PLA and that onto polyester (PET) fiber, although significant
differences in certain instances were apparent with no clear trends regarding dye structure. Attempts to explain the observed
percentage exhaustion values by mapping them to calculated partition coefficient or solubility parameter values were unsuccessful.
Wash fastness was relatively good compared to that of some conventional disperse dyes applied to PLA. As was found to be the
case with PET, the wash fastness of dyes on PLA tended to be highest when their diazo ring was substituted with electron acceptors. 相似文献
16.
17.
Dyeing characteristics and fastness of 100 % m-aramid fiber with some commercial dyes were investigated on various dyeing conditions, such as using a swelling agent and
electrolyte as auxiliaries. Among commercial dyes used, the basic dyes showed comparatively higher exhaustion yield comparing
to those of disperse dyes and acid dyes. Under acidic conditions in the range pH 3 to 5, preferably between pH 3 and 4, the
stability of cationic dyes could be enhanced leading to higher adsorption. Dye exhaustions of trichromatic dyes were increased
proportionally to concentration of swelling agents ranging from 1 to 4 g/l. The addition of electrolyte provided increased K/S values after washing process compared with those of blank dyeings, where the greatest effect was observed with NaNO3. 相似文献
18.
工业用大麻纤维具有广阔的应用前景。本研究系统地分析了我国纺织、造纸用纤维原料的现状以度工业用大麻纤维的产业化前景，并阐述了工业用大麻纤维产业的最新研究进展。 相似文献
19.
大麻纤维受热过程中内部结构和物理性能的变化规律是大麻纺织、染整和大麻纤维增强复合材料加工工艺的理论依据,本论文通过对工业用大麻精干麻、原麻纤维的热学性能测试和受热后其束纤维相对断裂强度变化的测试实验,分析了工业用大麻纤维的分解温度、分解阶段和相对断裂强度的变化规律. 相似文献
20.
工业用大麻纤维具有广阔的应用前景。本研究系统地分析了我国纺织、造纸用纤维原料的现状以及工业用大麻纤维的产业化前景,并阐述了工业用大麻纤维产业的最新研究进展。 相似文献