首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 562 毫秒
1.
Five dogs were diagnosed as having unilateral separation of the otic cartilages (auricular and annular). Four dogs had sustained prior trauma (hit by a car). Clinical signs were typical of ear canal stenosis and included swelling at the base of the ear (n = 2), periotic fistulation (n = 2), head tilt toward the affected side (n = 2), and pain when opening the mouth (n = 1). Palpation revealed separation of the horizontal and vertical ear canals. Otoscopic findings included a shallow ear canal and a pseudotympanic membrane across the proximal end of the auricular cartilage. Findings at surgery confirmed the diagnosis of cartilage separation and included an exudate-filled horizontal ear canal and a blind-ending vertical ear canal. Surgical treatment involved isolating the distal end of the annular cartilage (horizontal ear canal), opening and evacuating the horizontal ear canal, and suturing the open end of the annular cartilage to the skin. The length of annular cartilage was variable among the dogs, although each dog had sufficient horizontal canal to appose skin to otic epithelium. The vertical ear canal was not surgically dissected or manipulated. The mean follow-up period was 46 ± 14 months (range, 31 to 68 months). All five dogs had patent horizontal ear canals when examined at the follow-up examination.  相似文献   

2.
Objective— To determine the clinical course in dogs with aural cholesteatoma. Study Design— Case series. Animals— Dogs (n=20) with aural cholesteatoma. Methods— Case review (1998–2007). Results— Twenty dogs were identified. Clinical signs other than those of chronic otitis externa included head tilt (6 dogs), unilateral facial palsy (4), pain on opening or inability to open the mouth (4), and ataxia (3). Computed tomography (CT) was performed in 19 dogs, abnormalities included osteoproliferation (13 dogs), lysis of the bulla (12), expansion of the bulla (11), bone lysis in the squamous or petrosal portion of the temporal bone (4) and enlargement of associated lymph nodes (7). Nineteen dogs had total ear canal ablation–lateral bulla osteotomy or ventral bulla osteotomy with the intent to cure; 9 dogs had no further signs of middle ear disease whereas 10 had persistent or recurrent clinical signs. Risk factors for recurrence after surgery were inability to open the mouth or neurologic signs on admission and lysis of any portion of the temporal bone on CT imaging. Dogs admitted with neurologic signs or inability to open the mouth had a median survival of 16 months. Conclusions— Early surgical treatment of aural cholesteatoma may be curative. Recurrence after surgery is associated with advanced disease, typically indicated by inability to open the jaw, neurologic disease, or bone lysis on CT imaging. Clinical Relevance— Presence of aural cholesteatoma may affect the prognosis for successful surgical treatment of middle ear disease.  相似文献   

3.
The term para-aural abscess is used to describe the condition when suppuration has extended from the external ear canal or the middle ear cavity into the surrounding soft tissues. This report describes a series of 17 dogs and three cats in which otitis had advanced to the stage of para-aural abscess formation. The diagnostic procedures and subsequent treatments are rationalized but it is concluded that the prognosis is not favourable in most animals in which otitis has progressed to this state.  相似文献   

4.
This study compared three methods of pain relief in dogs that had total ear canal ablation with lateral bulla osteotomy. The hypothesis was that systemic opioids with preoperative local nerve blocks would provide superior pain relief. Thirty-one dogs with chronic otitis externa were included in the study. Dogs were randomly assigned to one of three protocols: systemic opioids alone (10 dogs, group 1), systemic opioids with bupivacaine splash block (11 dogs, group 2), and systemic opioids with preoperative local bupivacaine nerve blocks (10 dogs, group 3). Twenty-one dogs had bilateral ear ablation and 10 had unilateral ablation. Pain was assessed preoperatively, at extubation, 2 hours postextubation, and 1 day postoperatively by a single observer blinded to the analgesic protocol used. Pain scores were not significantly different within or between groups, nor did unilateral versus bilateral ablation have a significant effect on the score. Mean scores were less than 3 (scale 1 to 5) for all groups at all observation times. Rough recoveries were noted in 30% of group 1 dogs, 0% of group 2, and 20% of group 3 dogs. Ninety-four percent of dogs were moderately to heavily sedated at extubation. Sixty percent of group 3 dogs remained moderately to heavily sedated 2 hours postextubation. Rectal temperature, pulse rate, respiratory rate, and postoperative change in serum Cortisol levels were not significantly different between groups. Postoperative increase in blood glucose was significantly higher in groups 1 and 3 compared with preoperative levels. Twenty-three percent of the dogs required additional analgesia or tranquilization after surgery, as determined by the anesthetist; 1 dog in group 1, 2 in group 2, and 4 in group 3. Each of the three analgesic protocols provided similar pain relief in dogs undergoing total ear canal ablation.  相似文献   

5.
Objective— To report a surgical technique for primary repair of separation of the annular and auricular cartilages of the ear and long-term outcome.
Study Design— Case series.
Animals— Cats (3) and dogs (2) with ear canal separation.
Methods— Medical records (1998–2007) of dogs and cats with ear canal separation were reviewed. Long-term outcome was obtained by telephone interview of owners or referring veterinarians.
Results— Three cats and 1 dog had ear canal separation after being hit by a car; there was no history of trauma in 1 dog. Successful repair was achieved by a caudal approach to the ear canal, identifying and debriding separated cartilage edges and using primary repair. A patent ear canal was confirmed in all animals by otoscopy 4–12 weeks later and by ear canalography in 3 animals. Long-term outcome was excellent with no reported complications 10–90 months later (median 24 months).
Conclusions— Both acute and chronic separation between the annular and auricular cartilages, in the absence of middle ear disease, can be successfully treated using primary repair via a caudal approach to the ear canal, with excellent long-term outcome.
Clinical Relevance— Primary repair should be considered in animals with separation of the annular and auricular cartilages.  相似文献   

6.
Ventral bulla osteotomy was combined with total ear canal ablation for the treatment of chronic otitis externa and otitis media in 13 dogs (14 ears) that had been refractory to medical and surgical treatments. Resolution of disease occurred in 11 dogs (12 ears). One dog with unilateral disease underwent a second operation before achieving a good result. One dog was euthanatized for persistent unilateral disease after three surgical procedures. The recurrence of disease in these two dogs (15%) was associated with remnants of ear canal integument within the osseous horizontal canal or tympanic bulla. Facial paralysis occurred in four dogs (31%) and there were no complications in eight dogs (62%). This technique shows no advantage over lateral bulla osteotomy combined with total ear canal ablation for the treatment of chronic otitis externa and otitis media.  相似文献   

7.
The clinical results of 39 consecutive ear ablations (in 28 dogs and three cats) performed over a 15-year period were reviewed. Indications for ear canal ablation included hyperplastic tissue stenosis of the horizontal ear canal (23), failed lateral ear resections (13), and horizontal ear canal neoplasms (3). Ear ablation was successful in alleviating persistent signs of otitis in eight of 15 dogs with horizontal ear canal stenosis due to hyperplastic tissue, seven of 10 dogs with unsuccessful lateral ear resections, and two of five animals (three cats and two dogs) with horizontal ear canal neoplasms (follow-up time periods greater than 5 months). Surgical complications occurred following 82% of the ablations; wound infections (41%) and facial nerve damage (36%) were most common. Local wound and antibiotic therapy successfully treated prolonged drainage following ablation in five of nine dogs. Bulla osteotomy and drainage were successful in the treatment of three dogs (four ears) that were unresponsive to medical therapy with postoperative ear fistula following ablation, one of two dogs with prolonged ear drainage following ablation for failed lateral ear resection, and one dog with recurrence of signs of inner ear disease following ablation (follow-up period, 1 month to 4 years; mean, 3.4 years). Facial nerve damage caused by ablation was transient in nine of 14 ears, with most deficits returning to normal within 2 weeks.  相似文献   

8.
Previous reports describing the prevalence of ear diseases in dogs have primarily been based on dogs presenting with clinical signs of disease. The prevalence of subclinical ear disease remains unknown. The purpose of this cross‐sectional retrospective study was to describe the prevalence of lesions consistent with middle and external ear disease in dogs presented for multidetector computed tomography (CT) of the head and/or cranial cervical spine at our hospital during the period of July 2011 and August 2013. For each included dog, data recorded were signalment, CT findings, diagnosis, and treatment. A total of 199 dogs met inclusion criteria. Nineteen dogs (9.5%) were referred for evaluation of suspected ear disease and 27 dogs (13.5%) had histories or physical examination findings consistent with otitis externa. A total of 163 dogs (81.9%) had CT lesions consistent with external ear disease (i.e. ear canal mineralization, external canal thickening, and/or narrowing of the external canal). Thirty‐nine dogs (19.5%) had CT lesions consistent with middle ear disease (i.e. soft tissue attenuating/fluid material in the tympanic bullae, bulla wall thickening or lysis, and/or periosteal proliferation of the temporal bone). Findings from this study indicated that the prevalence of external and middle ear disease in dogs could be higher than that previously reported.  相似文献   

9.
A 13-year-old cocker spaniel presented with pain on opening the mouth. History of a previous left total ear canal ablation with lateral bulla osteotomy, left intermittent facial palsy and left intermittent head tilt suggested progression of a total ear canal ablation with lateral bulla osteotomy complication. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a large mass arising from the tympanic bulla. Cytology of aspirates revealed a chronic suppurative inflammatory reaction and numerous cholesterol crystals. The mass was removed by surgical excision and an active drainage system was placed for a few days. The head tilt, facial palsy and apparent pain were resolved by the surgery. Physical examination was unremarkable nine months postoperatively. Bacterial cultures of the collected fluid were negative and histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of a cholesterol granuloma.  相似文献   

10.
Objective- Compare passive wound drainage to primary closure of total ear canal ablation-lateral bulla osteotomy (TECA-LBO) in dogs.
Study Design- Retrospective analysis of medical records.
Sample Population- Fifty-nine dogs with end-stage otitis externa or neoplasia of the external and middle ear.
Methods- Medical records of dogs with TECA-LBO were reviewed. Dogs were divided into postoperative drain and primary closure groups. Statistical analyses were performed to identify differences in data for signalment, preoperative treatment, duration of hospitalization, immediate complications, and long-term complications between groups.
Results- No significant differences were detected in signalment, diagnosis, and duration of medical management between groups ( P >.05). Duration of hospitalization was greater for dogs in the drain group ( P <.05). Immediate postoperative complications occurred in 26 of 59 dogs and included ipsilateral facial palsy, incision swelling, vestibular signs, premature drain removal, and one dog died of aspiration pneumonia. Long-term (>6 months) complications were identified in 12 of 50 dogs and included dermatitis of the medial aspect of the pinna, chronic fistula formation, and permanent facial paralysis. No association between immediate or long term complications and method of closure was identified.
Conclusions- Primary closure is an acceptable alternative in dogs undergoing TECA-LBO when surgical wound dead space can be managed with meticulous hemostasis, complete debridement of devitalized tissue, and accurate apposition of tissue planes.  相似文献   

11.
In a series of 10 clinically affected and 6 clinically normal dogs, the technique of bulla curettage via the external ear canal, after lateral ear resection, was evaluated. In 5 of the 10 dogs with chronic otitis media and interna, the head carriage became normal 2 to 8 weeks after surgery and remained so for at least 18 months; 4 other dogs improved, but the improvement was either temporary or incomplete. In the clinically normal dogs, postsurgical complications were minimal; the tympanic membrane healed completely in 4 of the 6 dogs.  相似文献   

12.
The objective of this retrospective study was to investigate in 100 dogs with otitis externa (OE) the possible associations between signalment, history, clinical and laboratory findings and the various primary, secondary and perpetuating causative factors of ear canal inflammation. The age of the dogs ranged from 3 months to 14 years (median: 4.75 years) and they included 45 males and 55 females. Cocker spaniels, Jura des Alpes and Brittany spaniels were significantly overrepresented among dogs with OE when compared to the hospital canine population. In the majority of the cases, OE was chronic-recurrent (63%) or bilateral (93%). Allergic dermatitis (43/100 dogs), grass awns (12/100) and otoacariasis (7/100) were the most common primary causative factors; no primary factor could be incriminated in 32 cases and more than one was found in three dogs. Malassezia spp. (66/100 dogs), cocci (38/100) and rods (22/100) were the secondary causative factors, while ear canal stenosis (38/100) and tympanic membrane perforation-otitis media (25/100) were the most important perpetuating factors. Atopic dermatitis and adverse food reactions-associated OE was more common in females and dogs with a history of pruritic skin disease, while grass awn-induced OE occurred in cocker spaniels and acute cases. Tympanic membrane perforation was less frequent in atopic dermatitis and adverse food reactions-associated OE, but more common when otoscopic and ear canal cytological examination revealed the presence of grass awns and rods, respectively. Finally, cocci overgrowth was positively associated with ear canal stenosis.  相似文献   

13.
Microscopic anatomy of the horizontal part of the external ear canal was evaluated in 24 dogs. Sixteen dogs were from breeds known to have a predisposition to otitis externa. The remaining 8 dogs were from breeds that do not have a predisposition to otitis externa. Dogs were separated into groups according to predisposition to otitis externa: group 1-predisposed dogs without otic inflammation, group 2-predisposed dogs with otic inflammation, and group 3-nonpredisposed dogs without otic inflammation. Qualitative microscopic evaluation of distribution of hair follicles revealed hair within proximal, middle, and distal regions of the horizontal ear canal in all breeds. The degree of keratinization was directly proportional to the presence of otic inflammation and was excessive in group-2 dogs. Quality of sebaceous glands within the horizontal ear canal was similar among dogs with and without otitis externa, whereas the quantity of apocrine tubular glands was significantly increased (P less than 0.05) in dogs with otitis. Quantity of apocrine tubular glands was also greater in group-1 dogs than in group-3 dogs. Thickness of the soft tissue in the external ear canal increased in direct proportion to the progression of disease and was greatest in the proximal region of the affected ear canal. Soft tissue located caudally between nonopposing ends of the annular cartilage, within the proximal region of the horizontal ear canal, contained few glands and hair follicles in dogs without otitis externa. In dogs with otitis externa, this region was infiltrated by distended apocrine tubular glands.  相似文献   

14.
Ear canal ablation combining bulla osteotomy and curettage was performed on 44 dogs (n = 72 ears). Indications for the procedure included one or more of the following: chronic nonresponsive otitis externa and/or media (n = 71), tumor in the horizontal portion of the ear canal (n = 1), failed lateral ear resection (n = 11), ossified auricular cartilages secondary to chronic otitis externa (n = 22), failed previous total ear canal ablation (n = 1), and otitis interna (n = 1). In 40 dogs, the surgery was successful in alleviating all clinical signs of otitis externa and media. During the immediate postoperative period, 2 dogs died of causes unrelated to otitis. Complications related to the surgery developed in 9 of the surviving 42 dogs. Ultimately, 95% (40 of the surviving 42) of the dogs were cured by use of this procedure. Surgery successfully resolved the original problems in 97% (66 of 68) of the surgically treated ears of these dogs.  相似文献   

15.
Bilateral ear canal infections are common in dogs. Ear canal neoplasia is usually associated with unilateral problems, and is uncommon in dogs. To the best of the author's knowledge, bilateral aural neoplasia has not been reported in dogs, and only four case reports were found in the human literature. This report presents three dogs that had bilateral tumours in their ear canals. They were presented with bilateral otitis externa. All three dogs exhibited tissue proliferation of both ear canals that did not respond to glucocorticoids. Treatment consisted of total ear canal ablation, and tissues were submitted for histopathological evaluation. Case # 1 (a 10-year-old, male cocker spaniel) was diagnosed as ceruminious gland carcinoma. Cases # 2 and 3 were diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma. Case # 1 was diagnosed 4 years earlier as having keratinization disorder, which was causing its chronic ear problems. Case # 2 (a 5-year-old, female French bulldog) was diagnosed 4 years earlier as having atopic dermatitis, which did not respond to hyposensitization, and only partially responded to glucocorticoids therapy. Case # 3 (a 9-year-old, male German shepherd) was diagnosed by the referring veterinarian as having unilateral ear canal proliferation 2 months prior to presentation. However, otoscopic examination showed bilateral proliferation that obstructed both canals. In summary, bilateral ear canal neoplasia should be considered in cases of nonresponsive, proliferative aural pathology.  相似文献   

16.
Background: Medical treatment of clinical otitis media and interna in guinea pigs is often unsatisfactory. Total ear canal ablation and lateral bulla osteotomy are used successfully in dogs, cats, and rabbits to treat chronic, medically nonresponsive ear disease. However, in guinea pigs this surgery can cause death. This study aimed to evaluate and describe a standardized myringotomy technique to treat guinea pigs with otitis media and interna. Methods: Ear dissections and endoscopically assisted myringotomy were evaluated on guinea pig carcasses to choose the most suitable endoscope and optics. Three client-owned guinea pigs with chronic otitis media and interna had a myringotomy with bacteriological sampling and therapeutic irrigation of the tympanic cavity performed. Anesthesia for the procedures was 25 minutes, the patients were recovered and eating within 2–6 hours, and discharged on targeted antibiotic therapy within 24 hours. Videotoscopy was performed at 7- and 14-days follow-up to assess the ear canal, healing of the tympanic membrane, and to evaluate the tympanic cavity. Repeat lavaging of the tympanic cavity was performed until the tympanic membrane incision was healed. Further follow-up occurred at 21- and 154-days postmyringotomy. Results: Two out of three guinea pigs had complete resolution of clinical signs, and the other showed clinical improvement from a 90° head tilt to a 30° head tilt. Conclusions and case series relevance: Videotoscopy assisted myringotomy under general anesthesia was a quick and straightforward endosurgical technique in three guinea pigs with chronic otitis media and interna. It allowed the collection of fluid for bacteriological culture and provided symptomatic relief.  相似文献   

17.
A modified technique for performing total ear canal ablations is described. This technique requires less dissection than the standard technique and maintains a portion of the distal vertical ear canal. Subtotal ear canal ablations were performed in 18 dogs and one cat for the treatment of otitis externa or masses of the horizontal ear canal. Animals with otitis externa had minimal involvement of the distal ear canal. Dermatological problems associated with the remaining ear canal and pinnae occurred in eight animals and resolved with medical management. Normal ear carriage was maintained in all animals with erect ears. Further investigation is required before the procedure can be recommended as a treatment for otitis externa not caused by masses or anatomical abnormalities of the horizontal ear canal in dogs with pendulous ears.  相似文献   

18.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate effects of ear type, sex, age, body weight, and ambient climatic conditions on external acoustic meatus (external ear canal) temperatures in dogs. ANIMALS: 650 dogs without clinical signs of ear disease. PROCEDURE: Dogs were assigned to 5 groups on the basis of auricular conformation and amount of hair in the external ear canal and 4 groups on the basis of body weight or age. External ear canal temperatures (EECT) were measured, using an infrared thermometer. Mean EECT determined for each group were compared to evaluate effects of ear type, age, weight, and sex, and EECT measured at different ambient temperatures and humidities were compared to determine climatic effects. RESULTS: Dogs with hirsute ear canals had significantly lower EECT than dogs with hairless ear canals, whereas significant differences were not detected between dogs with erect and pendulous auricles. Dogs < 6 years old had higher EECT than older dogs, and dogs that weighed < 6 kg had lower EECT than larger dogs. External ear canal temperatures measured when ambient temperatures were < 25 C were less than those measured at warmer temperatures. Sex and relative humidity did not affect EECT CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: EECT of dogs without ear disease were affected by weight and age, amount of hair in the external ear canal, and ambient temperature. However, hirsute ears had lower, not higher, EECT than hairless ears, suggesting that EECT may play less of a role in the development of otitis externa than believed.  相似文献   

19.
Background: Age‐related hearing loss (ARHL), or presbycusis, is the most common form of acquired hearing loss in dogs. Middle ear implants have been used successfully in people with ARHL who cannot benefit from conventional hearing aids. Hypothesis: Audibility improves in dogs with ARHL after implantation of the Vibrant Soundbridge (VSB) middle ear implant. Animals: Three Beagle dogs with ARHL, mean age 11.1 years. Methods: The dogs were assessed pre‐ and postoperatively by brainstem‐evoked response audiometry (BERA), otoscopy, and computed tomography scans of the ears. A VSB middle ear implant was implanted unilaterally. Three months later the functionality of the implants was assessed by auditory steady‐state responses (ASSRs), after which the dogs were euthanized for histopathological examination. Results: The VSB was implanted successfully in all dogs. Recovery from surgery was uneventful, except for transient facial nerve paralysis in 2 dogs. ASSRs showed that hearing improved after activation of the implants with a mean of 20.7, 13, and 16.3 dB at 1, 2, and 4 kHz, respectively. The implantation procedure did not affect residual hearing (with inactive implants) as measured by BERA. Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Implantation of the VSB resulted in lower ASSR thresholds, but only at the higher gain settings of the audioprocessor. As in humans, a more powerful audioprocessor is required to treat sensorineural hearing loss exceeding 20 dB in dogs. A substantial improvement in patient‐owner communication will have to be demonstrated in future studies before the procedure can be recommended in clinical practice.  相似文献   

20.
Current therapeutic regimes of outer ear infections in dogs and cats aim at the application of efficient local therapeutics after cleaning of the acoustic meatus. One so far insufficiently answered question is if the local application of these substances results in an individually suitable drug concentration in the external ear canal. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to develop a finite element model to calculate the values of the different areas of the external acoustic meatus in dogs and cats in order to provide a tool for the benefit of an appropriate local drug dosage determination. A 3D finite element model (FEM), based on computer tomographic (CT) data sets of four dogs and two cats, was generated to determine areas and volumes of the outer ear canal. Furthermore, various ear therapeutics and cleansers were tested concerning their optimal distribution on 5 cm2 dog and cat skin. The data shows major variations of the area values of the external auditory canal in case of the different dogs but not in the examined cats. These results suggest that manufacturer's recommendations of the pharmaceuticals might be insufficient in terms of achieving an optimal drug concentration in the outer ear canal especially in larger dogs. In conclusion, the developed finite element model has shown to be suitable to calculate areas of the outer ear canal in cats and dogs and could be of help in context with the definition of optimal drug concentrations for a local drug delivery.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号