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1.
High nitrogen fixing, phosphate solubilizing, phytohormones producing isolates of Azotobacter, Azospirillum, Acetobacter and Pseudomonas were used as inoculants for cotton. Important cultures were selected on the basis of their effect on root/shoot length and chemotactic behaviour. Selected bioinoculants were earlier tested for their beneficial properties like nitrogen fixation (ARA), ammonia excretion, IAA production etc. These bio-inoculants were further tested for phosphate solubilization property. Various chosen strains were tested with Desi (HD 123) and American (H 1098) cotton under field conditions (as for wheat). Plant height and boll weight were determined at the time of harvesting whereas survival rate of inoculated bacteria was determined after 30, 80 and 130 days respectively. In the year 2000–01, on the basis of boll number and boll weight plant?1 AVK 51 (36; 76.2?g plant?1), HT 57 (27; 56.9?g plant?1), AC18 (33; 61.5?g plant?1), Ala 27 (36; 61.4?g plant?1) and Pseudomonas (34; 71.3?g plant?1) were identified as significant both for American and desi cotton varieties. Highest survival rate was observed with Mac 68 (33.4 × 105) followed by HT54 (31.5 × 105) after 30 days of sowing, which decreased after 80 days and remained constant up to 130 days. This trend was observed with all the cultures. Similar results were observed in 2001–02. 25?kg ha?1 N saving was observed with A. chroococcum (AVK51) bioinoculant for cotton crop.  相似文献   

2.
Almost 900 fungal isolates were obtained from eight coffee plantations in Colombia and Mexico. Of these, 76 isolates showed activity to solubilize Ca3(PO4)2 (PCa) and FePO4·H2O (PFe), which had been added to agar in a plate test. Generally, PCa was better solubilized than PFe. Colombian isolates were generally somewhat less effective than Mexican isolates. The two most effective isolates from each country with apparent highest PFe, solubilization potential were selected and cultivated in liquid medium containing PFe, which is more prevalent in tropical soils. The pH value, solubilized P in the medium and P uptake in fungal biomass were determined. After 24 days, Cylindrocarpon didymum and C. obtusisporum (both from Colombia) had solubilized 9.9 and 6.4 mg PO4 3--P L?1 and took up 8.6 and 11.6 mg P in biomass. Penicillium janthinellum and Paecilomyces marquandii (both from Mexico) solubilized 7.0 and 1.9 mg PO4 3--P L?1 and took up 11.3 and 17.3 mg P in biomass. The potential practical use of the four fungal isolates for different strategies in making more P available for coffee growth is discussed.  相似文献   

3.
Coleus (Plectranthus barbatus Andr.) is a medicinal herb whose roots contain forskolin. Incidences of soil-borne diseases, wilt complex and nematodes are the major limiting factors for growing this crop under soil media. Hence, an investigation was initiated for the standardization of soilless growth media and nutrient solution concentration in coleus. Coco peat, vermiculite, sand and their combinations were used as potting media with different concentrations of nutrients based on the recommended dose of fertilizers for soil media (1,080 mg plant?1 nitrogen, 960 mg plant?1 phosphorous and 1200 mg plant?1 potassium). Among the different media and nutrients, plants grown under coco peat media with 80% of the recommended dose of fertilizer for soil (864 mg plant?1 nitrogen, 768 mg plant?1 phosphorous and 960 mg plant?1 potassium) recorded significantly higher root yield (17.10 tha?1) and quality parameters (0.98% forskolin). Benefit–cost ratio was also recorded maximum (4.25) in the same treatment.  相似文献   

4.
The present experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of foliar spray of mineral nutrients on plant growth, seed yield, and quality attributes in onion cv. Pusa Riddhi at SPU, IARI, New Delhi during rabi 2013–14 and 2014–15. The experiment consisted of 16 treatments comprised of boron, zinc, calcium, and magnesium laid out in a completely randomized block design with two replications. The study revealed that the foliar zinc spray (625 g ha?1) produced higher seed scape height (105.35 cm) along with lower disease incidence (8.50%) than the other treatments. Whereas, higher number of seed scapes plant?1 (11.20) and productive seed scapes plant?1 (8.58) were observed in T10 (500 g ha?1) and combined spray of B + Zn + Ca (T14), respectively. The flowering traits, viz., umbellates umbel?1 (642.45), productive umbellates umbel?1 (579.35), and umbel diameter (7.38cm) were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher in T15 than other treatments. Similarly, higher seed yield and seed quality attributes were also observed in combined application of all minerals treatment (T15).  相似文献   

5.
Dry matter (DM) partitioning into root, leaf, stem, shoot dry weight plant?1 response in four cool season C3-cereals viz. wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), rye (Secale cereale L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and oats (Avena sativa L.) was investigated at 30, 60 and 90 days after emergence (DAE) under eight nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK) sources: S1 = 20-20-20, S2 = 20-27-5, S3 = 7-22-8, S4 = 10-10-10-20S, S5 = 11-15-11, S6 = 31-11-11, S7 = 24-8-16, and S8 = 19-6-12 in pot experiment at Dryland Agriculture Institute, West Texas A&;M University, Canyon, Texas, USA during winter 2009-10. A considerable variation in DM partitioning into various plant parts was observed in the four crop species at different growth stages and NPK source. At 30 DAE, 27% of the total DM per plant (TDMPP) was partitioned into roots and 73% into shoots (19% stems + 54% leaf). Only16 % of the TDMPP was partitioned into roots and 84% into shoots (18 % stem + 66 % leaf) at 60 DAE. At 90 DAE, 29% of TDMPP was partitioned into roots and 71 % into shoots (33 % stems + 38 % leaf) at 90 DAE. Percent DM partitioning into stems ranked first (33%) at 90 DAE > at 30 DAE (19%) > at 60 DAE (18 %). With advancement in crops age, DM partitioning into various crop parts increased. The root DM plant?1 (RDMPP) increased from 11.5–722 mg plant?1; stem DM plant?1 (STDMPP) from 8.3–889.0 mg plant?1; leaf DM plant?1 (LDMPP) from 23.1–1031.0 mg plant?1; shoot DM plant?1 (SHDMPP) from 31.3–1921 mg plant?1, and TDMPP increased from 42.9–2693.0 mg plant?1 at 30 and 90 DAE, respectively. Because of the higher N contents in S7 (24:8:16) and S6 (31:11:11) reduced the DM partitioning into various plants parts as well as TDMPP at all three growth stages. The adverse effects of S6 and S7 on DM partitioning was more on oats > rye > wheat > barley. The S4 with 10:10:10 (NPK) and :20S was not toxic at 30 DAE, but at 60 and 90 DAE it became toxic that adversely affected the DM partitioning as well as TDMPP probably may be due its high sulfur (20%) content which lacking in other NPK sources. The DM partitioning to various parts of barley and wheat was more than oats and rye at different growth stages (barley > wheat > rye > oats). Since the DM portioning values were determined on the average of five plants in pot experiment under organic soil at field capacity; in case of field experiments more research is needed on various crop species/varieties under different environmental conditions particularly under moisture stress condition.  相似文献   

6.
ABSTRACT

We studied the effect of integrated nutrient management (INM) combinations on supplement of plant nutrient for quantitative and qualitative fruit production in sapota. Thus, 17 combinations of INM practices were evaluated on fruit yield of sapota and nutrient availability in a Vertisol of Chambal region, India. The results demonstrated that almost all treatment combinations comprised of recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF), i.e. 1,000:500:500 g NPK plant?1 with application of organic and inorganic sources of nutrients had a significant effect on the fruit yield of sapota, soil microbial biomass, NPK content of leaf, fruit and soil over control (T1). Among different treatments, application of 2/3rd part of RDF + 50 kg FYM + 250 g Azospirillum + 250 g Azotobacter plant?1 (T11) significantly enhanced the number of fruits plant?1 (327.88), yield plant?1 (29.03 kg) and yield ha?1 (4.52 t). However, the soil microbial count of fungi (8.89 cfu g?1 soil), bacteria (11.19 cfu g?1 soil) and actinomycetes (5.60 cfu g?1 soil) at fruit harvest was higher under the 2/3 of RDF +10 kg vermicompost + 250 g Azospirillum + 250 g Azotobacter plant?1 (T15). The leaf nitrogen content (N, 2.03%) was higher in T15, while phosphorus (P, 0.28%) and potassium (K, 1.80%) content were higher in T11. It is evident that treatment T11 increased fruit yield by 32% in Sapota cv. Kalipatti compared to control. Therefore, combined application of nutrient sources proved not only beneficial for enhancing fruit yield of sapota but also sustaining soil health in Chambal region of south-eastern Rajasthan.  相似文献   

7.
The aim of this investigation was to determine the effect of vermicompost, vermiwash, and phosphate rock on plant, total phenols, flavonoids, and anti-oxidant activity in Piper auritum Kunth leaves. P. auritum plants were obtained from cuttings and were planted according to the Box-Behnken experimental design with three repetitions at the central point. The factors and levels were vermicompost (10, 20, and 30 g plant?1), vermiwash (5, 10, and 15 mL plant?1), and phosphate rock (1, 2, and 3 g plant?1). Plant growth parameters (plant height, stem diameter, leaves number) and chlorophyll content were measured 1 month after treatment applications. Total phenols, total flavonoids, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl radical scavenging activity was measured after 4 months. Vermicompost, vermiwash, and phosphate rock had no statistically significant effect on plant growth. Plant height, stem diameter, leaves number, chlorophyll, innermost number, fresh weight stem, fresh weight leaves, fresh weight root, dry weight stem, dry weight leaves, and dry weight root were not different among treatments. Total phenolic compounds were statistically affected for both vermiwash and phosphoric rock (p < 0.05) and the anti-oxidant activity decreased by vermicompost addition. The application of 15 mL plant?1 vermiwash, 1 g phosphate rock, and 20 g vermicompost plant?1 increased the total phenol content.  相似文献   

8.
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is the fourth major crop worldwide after cereals. Some producers use irrigation water with high salinity, which consequently decreases the agronomic yield and potato quality. The aim of this investigation was to determine the effect of vermicompost and vermiwash on plant growth and tuber yield and characteristic traits in Solanum tuberosum L. plants and tubers subjected to salinity stress. A surface response experimental design with three replicates using a central point and 15 treatments was used with vermicompost at 300, 580, and 860 g plant?1; vermiwash at 5, 10, and 15 ml plant?1; and salinity stress with 15, 20, and 25 mM of NaCl levels. Plant physiological measurements included plant height (cm), stem diameter (mm), and plant fresh and plant dry weight (g). Six months after planting, measurements on tuber fresh weight, pH, electric conductivity, and °Brix were carried out. The addition of vermicompost and vermiwash minimized the influence of salinity stress on growth parameters and tuber characteristics in potato plants. Vermicompost (580 g plant?1) plus vermiwash (15 ml plant?1) induced a greater plant height and stem diameter. Plants amended with vermicompost (860 g plant?1), vermiwash (15 ml plant?1), and salinity stress (15 mM) had higher pH values, whereas electrical conductivity value in potato tubers decreased.  相似文献   

9.
Abstract

Studies on nutrient interactions in aromatic rice are needed for proper understanding of impact of imbalanced use of nutrients in the era of multi and micro-nutrient deficiencies. A pot experiment was conducted during the rainy/wet season (June–October) of 2013 at New Delhi, to study the interaction effects of two levels each of nitrogen (N) (0 and 120?kg?ha?1), phosphorus (P; 0 and 25.8?kg?ha?1), and zinc (Zn; 0 and 5?kg?ha?1) in two aromatic rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties, viz. Pusa Rice Hybrid 10 and Pusa Basmati 1121. Application of N, P, and Zn resulted in increase of dry matter (0.91, 0.32, and 0.24?g plant?1, respectively) 60?days after sowing (DAS) and grain yield of rice (3.68, 1.67, and 1.17?g plant?1). The increase in yield of rice owing to N application was relatively higher by 0.98, 0.22, and 1.05?g plant?1, respectively, when either P or Zn or both were applied with N than alone application of N, indicating synergetic effect of P and Zn application with N. The higher concentration and uptake of K in grain (0.25% vs 0.10%) and straw (1.32% vs 0.94%) were observed in the treatment received N than no N, though K was applied uniformly in all the treatments. It indicates positive interaction of N and K. The higher uptake of P in grain and straw was observed when P was applied with N and Zn (3.34 and 2.15?mg plant?1), or with N (3.26 and 2.11?mg plant?1) signifying positive effect of N on P uptake in rice.  相似文献   

10.
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) residues and nitrogen (N) management are the major problems in the southern part of Iran where irrigated wheat–cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)–wheat rotation is a common practice. A 2-year (2009–2011) field experiment was conducted as a split plot design with four replications at a cotton field (Darab), Fars Province, Iran, to determine the influence of different rates of wheat residue (0%, 25%, 50%, and 75%) incorporation and N rates (150, 200, 300, and 400 kg ha?1) on weed suppression, yield, and yield components of cotton. Results showed that a higher residue incorporation and a lower N rate improved weed suppression in both years. For treatments receiving 150 kg N ha?1 and 75% of wheat residues (2250 kg ha?1), weed biomass and density were significantly lower compared to treatments receiving 400 kg N ha?1. The highest cotton lint yield (about 2400–2700 kg ha?1) was obtained by 300 kg N ha?1 in the absence of residue application, in both years. Incorporation of 25% of wheat residue (750 kg ha?1) and application of 300 kg N ha?1 are recommended to guarantee an optimum level of cotton lint yield and weed suppression in a wheat–cotton–wheat rotation in this region.  相似文献   

11.
Abstract

The aim of this investigation was to determine the effect of vermicompost (V) and phosphate rock (PR) on blackberry (Rubus fruticosus L. agg.) plants inoculated with Glomus mosseae (Nicol. & Gerd.) Gerdemann & Trappe (AMF). Plant growth parameters, total phenol compounds and total flavonoids were evaluated on leaves. Anthocyanin contents, soluble solids (SS), pH, titratable acidity (TA) and SS/TA ratio was evaluated in blackberries fruits. Blackberry plants were obtained from cuttings from field plants, which were distributed in soil according to a randomized complete block design with three repetitions. Treatments were vermicompost (10?g plant?1), phosphate rock (1?g plant?1), Glomus mosseae (AMF), (1?g plant?1), PR + AMF, V + PR, V +AMF, V + PR+ AMF and control without any amended. Plant height and stem diameter were measured five months after treatments, while total phenols and total flavonoids in leaves were evaluated eight months later. Anthocyanins, SS, pH, and TA were determined in blackberry fruits ten months after. Plant height was not statistically affected (p≤0.05), although total phenol compounds were higher (21.1?mg g?1 dry plant) in the V+PR+AMF treatment, whereas the V + AMF treatment produced more dry plant total flavonoids (1.4?mg g?1), compared with control plants. Blackberries produced with the vermicompost treatment had more anthocyanins (9.54?mg g?1) than control plants. Soluble solids, pH and titratable acidity were not statistically (p≤0.05) affected by any treatment.  相似文献   

12.
ABSTRACT

This study mainly focused on the impacts of vermicompost (VC) treatments on physicochemical characteristics of sandy-clay-loam soil and lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. crispa) yield in a greenhouse under different soil moisture regimes. Pot experiments were conducted with different VC treatment doses (0%, 2.5%, and 5% w/w) and three soil water regimes (100%, 50%, and 25%?f, ?f is field capacity). Following the harvest, soil samples were taken and analyzed for physicochemical properties. The highest organic matter content (2.19%) was observed in 5% VC treatment of the full irrigation level (100%?f) irrigation treatment and the lowest organic matter content (0.19%) was obtained from the control treatment of the lowest irrigation level (25%?f). Soil physical properties were positively influenced by VC treatments under different irrigation regimes. The highest lettuce yield (178.7 g plant?1) was observed in 5% VC treatment of the full irrigation level (100%?f) irrigation treatment and the lowest lettuce yield (94.0 g plant?1) was obtained from the control treatment of the lowest irrigation level (25%?f). Present findings revealed that vermicompost treatments under different irrigation regimes could reliably be used to enhance soil physicochemical properties and lettuce yield.  相似文献   

13.
Field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of BiozymeTM on soybean. Application of Biozyme granule and crop-plus spray with half of recommended nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK) showed significant effects on all the growth and yield parameters of soybean. The greatest value for the number of trifoliate leaves (29.95 leaves plant?1), leaf area (1818.21 cm2 plant?1), leaf area index (5.946), total chlorophyll content (1.995 mg g?1 leaf fresh mass), number of nodules (35.086 plants?1), fresh and dry weight of nodules (0.664 and 0.1592 g plants?1), dry weight of root (8.564 g plants?1), pods plant?1 (69.0), seeds pods?1 (3.25), straw yield (3.122 t ha?1), biological yield (6.349 t ha?1), and grain yield (3.277 t ha?1) was observed with Biozyme crop-plus spray at 500 mL ha?1 plus half of recommended NPK and were significantly greater than control values. Biozyme crop-plus spray at 500 mL ha?1 plus half of recommended NPK performed better compared to other treatments.  相似文献   

14.
Abstract

An experiment was conducted to substitute mineral fertilizers with biofertilizers in strawberry to work out the yield, quality of strawberry and soil fertility. A 25% substitution of mineral fertilizer with biofertilizer increased the number of fruits/plant along with improving Juice content (89.55%), Total soluble solids (10.35°B), total sugar (6.69%), ascorbic acid (43.80?mg 100?g?1), anthocyanin content (81.05?mg 100?g?1), total phenol (5.97?mg Gallic acid equiv. g?1), flavonoids (0.12?mg g?1) and antioxidant capacity (2.13?µmol. Trolox equiv. 100?g?1). The available N and K content in post-harvest soils were improved significantly with 75% RDF + Azospirillium @ 2?g plant?1 + PSB @ 2?g plant?1 + topdressing of 25% K treatments (200.10 and 211.70?kg ha?1, respectively). Viable count of soil microorganisms (Bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi) was also estimated maximum (4066, 190 and 11.33?×?104 cfu g?1?dry soil, respectively) with substitution of 25% of mineral fertilizer either with Azotobacter or Azospirillum.  相似文献   

15.
China imports most of its potassium (K) requirements for crop production. The objective of this study was to evaluate indica rice hybrids for K‐use efficiency. Twenty‐eight indica rice hybrids were evaluated in nutrient solution. The K influx rate was greatest in genotype Weiyou 64 (684.9 nmol K+ plant?1 h?1) and least in genotype Xie A/909 (457.2 nmol K+ plant?1 h?1). The K‐use efficiency was greatest in genotype ShanA/909 [81.8 mg dry matter (DM) produced per mg K taken up] and least in genotype Shanyou 64 (55.9 mg mg?1). The maximum biomass was produced by genotype Shan A/4663‐5 (100.8 mg DM per plant), and the least biomass was produced by genotype Xie A/4663‐4 (59.1 mg DM per plant). These results suggest that K shortage for rice production can be alleviated by using K‐efficient rice genotypes.  相似文献   

16.
The dual-purpose use of Brassica cultivars means cutting or grazing the crop as fodder and then letting it to re-grow and produce grain with little or no yield penalty. A field experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design with split plot arrangement with three replications. Three Brassica cultivars, three nitrogen application timing, and cutting treatments were included in the experiment. The findings indicated that Brassica cultivar Abasin-95 produced higher fresh and dry fodder yields, seeds pod?1, seed, biological, and oil yields. However, NIFA Raya resulted in a higher number of pods and branches plant?1. Likewise, fresh and dry fodder yields were higher with nitrogen (N) application all at sowing. Nitrogen applied in two splits resulted in a higher number of pods plant?1 and grain yield. Cutting suppressed all parameters except 1000 grain weight. Uncut plots produced significantly higher branches plant?1, pods plant?1, seeds pod?1, seed, biological, and oil yields than cut plots.  相似文献   

17.
A field experiment has been conducted to determine the effects of different irrigation water and AMF (Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi) biofertilizer, photosynthesis activator and traditional fertilizer dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) on yield and growth parameters in Nevsehir Province of Turkey in 2015. The experiment has been carried out using three replications in a split plot design with three different irrigation types as main plots and AMF biofertilizer (ERS), photosynthesis activator (Multigreen-Mg), traditional fertilization (TF-Control), ERS + Mg, ERS + TF and TF + Mg applied as subplots. The number of pods per plant, the length of pods, the number of grains per pod, the weight of grains per plant, the yield of grains, 1000 seed weight, the number of grains per plant, protein yield, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi rate have been evaluated as yield and growth criteria in the study. In the experiment, as well as the treatment x irrigation interaction, the plant height, pod number per plant, pod lenght, grain number per pod, grain weight per plant, grain yield, 1000 seed weight, grain number per plant, protein rate/grain, protein yield, root weight and AMF colonization parameters, were the other studied properties that were found to be significant. The results obtained were 877.6 mm for I100 irrigation treatment, 512.2 mm for I50 irrigation treatment and 40.19 mm water for I30 irrigation treatment. Regarding the growth parameters of dry bean, the highest PH was in ERS + Mg (67.66 cm), the lowest PH was in ERS (54.33 cm); In I50, the highest Plant Height (PH) was in ERS + Mg (65.66 cm), the lowest PH was in TF-Control (53.00 cm); and in I30, the highest PH was in TF-Control (50.66 cm), and the lowest PH was again in ERS + Mg (44.33 cm). For protein yield (PY) value, ERS + Mg, ERS + TF, TF + Mg have been placed in the same group, in I100 and I50 irrigation treatment. The highest value was ERS + TF (34.90 kg da?1) in I100, The lowest value was TF-control (19.90 kg da?1) in I30 irrigation treatment. In terms of mycorrhiza colonization ratio, ERS has been ranked first in all irrigation treatments, while the highest mycorrhiza colonization has been observed in I30 irrigation treatment (26.30%). ERS was followed by ERS + Mg (23.33%). As expected, the lowest mycorrhiza colonization ratio in all irrigation treatments have been observed in TF-control treatment, while the highest mycorrhiza colonization ratio has been respectively observed in I30 and I50 irrigation topics. The highest root weight (RW) in I100 irrigation treatment was observed in ERS (15.06 g plant?1) and it was observed in ERS (19.05 g plant?1; 26.30 g plant?1) in I50 and I30 irrigation treatments. The lowest RW in all irrigation treatments has been observed in TF + Mg (4.43 g plant?1, 6.40 g plant?1, 10.26 g plant?1), respectively.  相似文献   

18.
A study was carried out in a split plot design in three replicates during 2016–17 to monitor the performance of soilless cucumbers in relation to differential fertigation. The treatments included fertigation levels viz. 100.0% (F1), 85.0% (F2) and 70.0% (F3) in main plots and varieties viz. Kafka (V1), Multistar (V2) and PBRK-4 (V3) in sub plots. Fertigation levels and varieties significantly affected the fruit yield being highest and lowest values for F1V2 and F3V3, respectively. The average fruit yield with and without fruit thinning was obtained in the range of 2.4–3.5?kg plant?1 and 3.3–4.4?kg plant?1, respectively. The crop water use efficiency (CWUE) was computed to be in the range of 60.4–86.3?kg m?3 and 84.6–108.9?kg m?3 with and without fruit thinning. Overall, the soilless cucumber cultivation in relation to differential fertigation under naturally ventilated greenhouse conditions proved to be a success in terms of plant growth, yield, quality and economic viability.  相似文献   

19.
Knowledge of forms of potassium (K) in soil is of great importance for formulating sound fertilizer recommendation to banana. Field experiments were conducted to study the effect of graded levels of potash application on forms of potassium at juvenile, grand growth, shooting, and harvest stages of banana on Vertic Haplustept soil. The negative balance of soil-available K was observed in the treatments of 0, 100, and 200 g K2O plant?1. However, at 300-g K2O plant?1 level, the balance was a mere –11 kg ha?1, and positive balance was observed in the treatments of 400 and 500 g K2O plant?1. Significant positive correlation among different forms of K indicated the interdependency and dynamic equilibrium between K forms. Application of K2O above the level of 300 g plant?1 for banana resulted in the build-up of potassium fractions in soil.  相似文献   

20.
We present data of a 2 years field experiment on influence of intercropping and N source on yield and yield components of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum)–buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) intercrops. The experiment was conducted at the research farm, College of Agriculture, Shahrekord, Iran during 2014 and 2015. Treatments included sole cropping of fenugreek (F), sole cropping of buckwheat (B), and three intercropping ratios. Second factor was N fertilizer type: mineral chemical fertilizer (CF) or broiler litter (BL). Intercropping improved yield of fenugreek and buckwheat compared with sole cropping and BL was the more effective fertilizer especially in intercrops. Fenugreek and buckwheat in intercrops used available environmental resources for increasing pods plant?1, seeds pod?1, 1000-seed weight, and harvest index (HI) (for fenugreek) and clusters plant?1 and 1000-seed weight (for buckwheat) compared to the respective sole crops in both years. The resulting land equivalent ratios (LERs) of intercrops varied from 0.99 to 1.72 and the highest LER was observed in F:B = 2:1 treated with BL. This study shows a potential yield benefit of fenugreek–buckwheat intercropping under semiarid growing conditions when planting fenugreek and buckwheat at a ratio of 2:1, respectively, and applying BL compared with sole cropping with inorganic fertilizer application.  相似文献   

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