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20%烟嘧磺隆·氰草津油悬浮剂的生物活性评价 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
在温室盆栽条件下,以马唐、反枝苋为试材,采用Gowing法测定了烟嘧磺隆与氰草津复配的联合作用,并对实验室制得的20%烟嘧磺隆·氰草津油悬浮剂进行了大田生物活性评价试验。结果表明,烟嘧磺隆与氰草津复配后对马唐有增效作用,对反枝苋属于相加作用,两者适宜复配,配比为1～4∶12.5。于玉米3～5叶期、杂草2～5叶期喷施20%烟嘧磺隆·氰草津油悬浮剂180～300 g/hm2,药后30 d的杂草总株防效及鲜重防效分别为83.6%～94.3%、92.7%～99.2%,对玉米安全性较好,玉米株高、产量均大于人工除草处理;在玉米7叶期及杂草5叶期以后施用该药剂,玉米的安全性及杂草株防效均出现下降。 相似文献
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三氯吡氧乙酸属人工合成激素类除草剂,具有用量少、活性高、选择性强等优势。为明确其在小麦田的应用技术,采用整株水平生物法测定了其对10个安徽主栽小麦品种的安全性及对阔叶杂草的生物活性。结果显示,三氯吡氧乙酸对多种阔叶杂草具有较好的活性,在供试剂量288 g(a.i.)·hm-2时,对荠菜、球序卷耳、大巢菜、宝盖草、葎草、猪殃殃、鳢肠、鬼针草、野老鹳、播娘蒿、牛繁缕、小飞蓬、羊蹄、车前草、青葙活性较好,鲜重抑制率达90.39%~100%;在用量72 g(a.i.)·hm-2时,对葎草鲜重抑制率达100%,对播娘蒿、荠菜、牛繁缕、球序卷耳、大巢菜、小飞蓬、羊蹄、猪殃殃的活性次之,鲜重抑制率在60.44%~84.30%之间;其对阿拉伯婆婆纳、荠菜、播娘蒿、野老鹳的GR50值分别为97.13、43.03、48.58、54.37 g(a.i.)·hm-2。安全性结果表明,在用量576 g(a.i.)·hm-2时,对10个供试小麦品种均较安全,株高抑制率和鲜重抑制率分别在2.98%~13.34%和3.29%~17.47%之间。三氯吡氧乙酸在4种供试小麦烟农999、荃麦725、安农0711、淮麦44和杂草阿拉伯婆婆纳、荠菜、播娘蒿、野老鹳草之间的选择性指数在2.39~12.70之间,表明该药剂在供试小麦与杂草间具有良好的选择性。 相似文献
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本文比较了异丙隆、炔草酯、甲基二磺隆等不同药剂对小麦田看麦娘属(Alopeeurus)杂草的防除效果。结果表明:3%甲基二磺隆OD 20 mL/667 m~2、5%唑啉草酯EC 80 mL/667 m~2、8%炔草酯EW 60 mL/667 m2和7.5%啶磺草胺WG 15 g/667 m~2均可高效防除冬小麦田看麦娘属杂草;冬前施药50%异丙隆WP 250 g/667 m~2防效明显好于春后施药。建议防除冬小麦田看麦娘属杂草尽量选择冬前施药,药剂可选择50%异丙隆WP单用或与其他不同类型的除草剂混用,用量推荐50%异丙隆WP 150~200 g/667 m~2。 相似文献
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为探究 0.5%吡蚜酮·杀虫双缓释粒剂对水稻主要害虫的防治效果及对稻田天敌蜘蛛的影响,采用撒施法研究 0.5%吡蚜酮·杀虫双缓释粒剂对水稻二化螟、稻纵卷叶螟和稻飞虱的田间防效及对天敌蜘蛛消长的影响。结果表明,供 试药剂 1 125、 1 500 a.i. g/hm2 处理在水稻移栽前撒施,对早稻和晚稻二化螟防效分别为 66.99%~81.80%和 69.36%~81.63%,对稻纵卷叶螟防效分别为 55.13%~77.75%和 51.23%~73.14%,优于或显著优于 750 a.i. g/hm2 处理和对 照药剂 2%吡蚜酮颗粒剂 400 a.i. g/hm2 、3.6%杀虫双颗粒剂 1 500 a.i. g/hm2 、3%克百威颗粒剂 1 350 a.i. g/hm2 处理;供 试药剂 1 125、1 500 a.i. g/hm2 处理药后 75 d 对早稻稻飞虱防效为 91.37%~98.04%,药后 60~75 d 对晚稻稻飞虱防效为 54.65%~96.66%,优于或显著优于 750 a.i. g/hm2 处理和对照药剂 3.6%杀虫双颗粒剂 1 500 a.i. g/hm2 ,与对照药剂 2%吡 蚜酮颗粒剂 400 a.i. g/hm2 和 3%克百威颗粒剂 1 350 a.i. g/hm2 处理相比,无显著或极显著差异。供试药剂对稻田蜘蛛有 一定的杀伤作用,750~1 500 a.i. g/hm2 处理药后 45 d 对早稻和晚稻蜘蛛的杀伤率分别为 20.64%~34.12%和 30.52%~ 35.50%,均显著或极显著低于对照药剂 2%吡蚜酮颗粒剂 400 a.i. g/hm2 和 3%克百威颗粒剂 1 350 a.i. g/hm2 处理,与对 照药剂 3.6%杀虫双颗粒剂 1 500 a.i. g/hm2 处理无显著差异;药后 90 d 早稻和晚稻蜘蛛密度均恢复到空白对照水平。0.5% 吡蚜酮·杀虫双缓释粒剂适用于水稻主要害虫的防治,对稻田天敌蜘蛛安全。 相似文献
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通过亩施锌肥(ZnSO_4·7H_2O)0,5,50,500和1000公斤来研究马铃著对不同剂量锌,特别是高剂量锌的反应,为生长在可能有重金属污染田块上的块茎类作物进行一些环保和食品卫生方面的分析.试验结果表明,较高剂量的锌(5～500公斤/亩)延缓了马铃薯茎叶的生产,对块茎的产量反而有促进作用.亩施锌1000公斤的处理对茎叶和块茎产量都有显著的抑制作用,但尚未达到大幅度减产或致死的程度.马铃薯体内含锌量的分布为:茎>块茎>叶.块茎富锌幅度为25.5～102.9mg/kg(干重).茎部含锌量在始花期高,收获期低;叶片含锌量在两个时期变化不大,说明茎内锌比叶片内锌更易向块茎转移. 相似文献
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The present study highlights the effective removal of Cu (II) ions from synthetic solution using bacteria such as B. subtilis, P. aeruginosa and E. cloacae. Batch biosorption studies show that the biosorption of B. subtilis is effective when the concentration ranges from 25-200 mg L(-1). Biomass dosage, pH and the initial metal ion concentration have a profound effect on the biosorption process and this is reported in this study. In order to understand the nature of the biosorption process, Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were applied. Pseudo first and second order models were used to study the biosorption kinetics. The results show that these bacterial strains are very much suitable for the removal of Cu (II) ions. Being cost effective and efficient in toxic metal ion removal, these bacteria can be used on a large scale. 相似文献
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Saputera Mangunwidjaja D Raharja S Kardono LB Iswantini D 《Pakistan journal of biological sciences: PJBS》2008,11(4):618-622
Identification and taxonomy analysis conducted at Herbarium Bogoriense at Research Centre for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences Bogor. The name of the plant was C. tiglium L. The result of analysis on C. tiglium, ethanol extract as laxative material using the intestinal transit method showed treatment group that received dosage 0.06 mL/30 g b.wt. (72.5%) was significantly different compared to negative control (48.4%) or positive control (50.6%) which showed the weak effect as laxative at the dosage of 0.75 mL/30 g b.wt. It showed that ethanol extract of C. tiglium seed at dosage 0.06 mL/30 g is effective as laxative. The test result of the treatment using dosage 0.06, 0.04, 0.026 and 0.07 mL/28 g of body weight showed the mice population response 100, 60, 40 and 40% consecutively. The Thompson and Weil analysis result showed the ED50 was at 0.027 mL or equal to 639,5 g kg(-1) b.wt. The LD50 was at 0.0707 equals with 1674,5 mg kg(-1) b.wt. Safety limit is the range of dosage that cause the lethal effect and the dosage that gives the intended effect. The safety limit is represented by the comparison of LD50/ED50. Calculation result that the extract safety limit was LD50/ED50 = 0.0707/0.027 = 2.7. 相似文献
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1992-2003年进行了模拟普施特和豆磺隆土壤残留对后莅作物甜菜的安全性试验。研究结果表明，普施特低剂量62．5mL／hm^2。即对甜菜有严重药害，甜菜苗鲜重降低90．9％；普施特125mL／hm^2以上各处理，甜菜苗全部死亡。豆磺隆低剂量0．25g／hm^2对甜菜的保苗株数、苗高、苗鲜重影响较小，但产量降低17．9％；高剂量2、4g／hm^5处理药害严重，甜菜死苗率90％以上，产量降低92％以上。广灭灵975-3000mL／hm^2各剂量处理施药后12个月，对甜菜均无明显药害。株鲜重和产量与不施药对照相近。金豆1000、1500mL／hm^2低剂量处理，施药后12个月对甜菜药害轻微，可以种植，24个月后可以安全种植甜菜；金豆2000、3000mL／hm^2高剂量，施药后12个月对甜菜有明显药害，不可以种植；24个月后药害轻微，可以种植甜菜。金普施特低剂量1250mL／hm^2和倍量2500mL／hm^2处理对甜菜均有药害。施药后12个月药害重于24个月和36个月。但36个月后高、低剂量下仍有药害，仍不能安全种植甜菜。阔草清60、120、180g／hm^2各处理，施药后12个月均有较重药害．不能种植；施药后24个月时，60g／hm^2低剂量处理药害虽然较轻，但仍与不施药对照有较大差异，也不能安全种植，高剂量处理药害仍很严重。 相似文献
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砜嘧磺隆25%可湿性粉剂在马铃薯中的残留动态 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了制定砜嘧磺隆在马铃薯生产中的安全使用标准,采用田间试验的方法,研究砜嘧磺隆在马铃薯中的残留动态,应用液相色谱法测定砜嘧磺隆在马铃薯中的残留量。试验结果表明:砜嘧磺隆在马铃薯植株和土壤中降解符合一级化学反应动力学方程C=C0e-kt,砜嘧磺隆在土壤中半衰期为(0.02～3.10 d),在植株中的半衰期为(0.93～2.90 d)。该药属易分解农药(T1/2<30 d)。在马铃薯4叶期时喷药1次,按推荐剂量90 g/hm2及1.5倍剂量135 g/hm2施用25%可湿性粉剂砜嘧磺隆。在收获期马铃薯植株和块茎均未检测出,在马铃薯上的砜嘧磺隆安全使用量推荐为90 g/hm2,建议马铃薯上砜嘧磺隆最大残留限量值MRL暂定为0.1 mg/kg。 相似文献
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硅肥对膜下滴灌水稻生长发育及产量的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为确定适合膜下滴灌水稻生长的施硅量,以T-43为材料,研究了不同用量硅肥对膜下滴灌水稻生长发育和产量的影响。结果表明,与对照(硅肥用量为0 kg/hm~2)相比,施硅有利于水稻分蘖早发快发,减少无效分蘖,提高水稻生育后期叶片叶绿素含量;施硅还可以增加水稻秆型指数,增强植株抗倒伏能力,135 kg/hm~2的施硅量秆型指数最大;90 kg/hm~2的施硅量使水稻后期冠层有效辐射吸收量降低变慢,有利于水稻抽穗后更好的利用光能进行有机物生产;硅肥主要是通过影响穗长、实粒数和结实率来促进产量的提高,施硅量135 kg/hm~2的处理产量最高,但与施用量为90 kg/hm~2的处理差异不显著。综上所述,施用硅肥有利于膜下滴灌水稻的生长,但从经济角度考虑,以施用量为90 kg/hm~2较为适宜。 相似文献
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茶多糖对小鼠血糖、血脂和免疫功能的影响 总被引：36，自引：5，他引：36
研究了从粗老茶中提取的茶多糖对小鼠血糖、血脂和免疫功能的影响。结果表明：腹腔注射５０ｍｇ／ｋｇ·ｂｗ茶多糖有明显降低血糖的作用（Ｐ＜０．０１）；对血清胆固醇和血清甘油三酯影响不大，但有提高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的效果；每天连续口服２５ｍｇ／ｋｇ·ｂｗ茶多糖，有增强免疫功能的作用。急性毒性试验表明，２４ｈ内腹腔注射总量１．０ｇ／ｋｇ·ｂｗ，未发现小鼠对茶多糖有中毒反应 相似文献
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BACKGROUND: When fetal red cells enter the maternal circulation from placenta, an event would be happened that is described as feto-maternal hemorrhage (FMH). This life-threatening condition could be detected by using RBC antigens (surface antigens and intracellular antigens). Therefore, the measurement of fetal RBC in an artificial model would be useful to calculate FMH and consequently the dosage of Rhogam for prophylaxis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate FMH in an artificial mixture model. METHODS: A series of 40 artificial specimens were prepared consisting of Rh(D) negative adult blood (non-immunized) spiked with varying amounts of Rh(D) positive cord blood from mothers between 20-30 years old in Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Monoclonal anti-D and anti-HbF (fetal hemoglobin) were used for detection of fetal RBC in artificial mixture sample modeling. RESULTS: This study showed that the percentage of fetal cells in artificial sample for anti-D antigen is in ranges of 0.28%-0.32% for a 0.25% dilution mixture, and 1.3%-2.05% for the mixture with dilution 2%. In addition, the ranges of data for anti-HbF staining was obtained 0.2%-0.34% for the 0.25% dilution sample, and the ranges of 1.04-1.8% for the 2% dilution. The regression analysis indicated that the correlation of anti-D assessment with expected standard method was r2 = 0.9672 and anti-HbF assessment was r2 = 0.8842. CONCLUSION: Although both molecule targets could be used for detection of fetal RBC, in this model, anti-D staining was more accurate than anti-HbF staining. However, since anti-D can not be utilized for low-density or weak phenotype and other incompatibility, the anti-HbF labeling could be used for all FMH. 相似文献