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1.
为明确新化合物氟氧虫酰胺(ZJ3757)的杀虫活性,采用浸叶法测定了其对小菜蛾Plutella xylostella、斜纹夜蛾Prodenia litura和甜菜夜蛾Spodoptera exigua的毒力,得其LC50值分别为0.088、0.905和0.095 mg/L,与氯虫苯甲酰胺和氟虫双酰胺的杀虫毒力相当。田间试验结果表明,20%氟氧虫酰胺悬浮剂(SC)在有效成分15 g/hm2剂量下对小菜蛾、甜菜夜蛾、斜纹夜蛾和菜青虫Pieris rapae药后7 d的防效分别达88.41%、92.72%、82.07%和98.39%,与氯虫苯甲酰胺相当,高于或相当于氟虫双酰胺、茚虫威和甲氨基阿维菌素的防效。可考虑将氟氧虫酰胺用于蔬菜上小菜蛾、斜纹夜蛾、甜菜夜蛾和菜青虫的防治。 相似文献
2.
新型杀虫剂氯氟氰虫酰胺对不同鳞翅目害虫的毒力和田间防效 总被引：6，自引：4，他引：2
氯氟氰虫酰胺(ZJ4042){3-氯-N1-(2-甲基-4-七氟异丙基苯基)-N2-(1-甲基-1-氰基乙基)邻苯二甲酰胺}是由浙江省化工研究院有限公司自主开发的邻苯二甲酰胺类新型杀虫剂。采用浸渍法测定了氯氟氰虫酰胺对小菜蛾Plutella xylostella、甜菜夜蛾Spodoptera exigua、斜纹夜蛾Prodenia litura和二化螟Chilo suppressalis的室内杀虫毒力,并进行了田间药效试验。结果表明:氯氟氰虫酰胺对小菜蛾、甜菜夜蛾、斜纹夜蛾和二化螟的LC50值分别为0.046、0.072、0.071和1.95 mg/L,与氟虫双酰胺和氯虫苯甲酰胺的杀虫毒力相当。在田间用20%氯氟氰虫酰胺悬浮剂处理(有效剂量30 g/hm2),对小菜蛾、斜纹夜蛾、甜菜夜蛾及菜青虫Pieris rapae药后7 d的防效为90.1%～96.3%;对二化螟和稻纵卷叶螟Cnaphalocrocis medinalis药后15 d的防效为82.9%～90.5%;在试验剂量下,未观察到其对作物产生药害。 相似文献
3.
不同杀虫剂对烟草斜纹夜蛾的室内及田间防效 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
结合室内防效测定与田间防效验证,比较多种杀虫剂对烟草斜纹夜蛾的防治效果,筛选出适用的防治药剂。通过测定室内防效筛选出杀虫活性较高的药剂150 g/L茚虫威悬浮剂、200亿PIB/g斜纹夜蛾核型多角体病毒水分散粒剂、16 000 IU/mg苏云金杆菌、5%高氯甲维盐微乳剂、0.5%苦参碱水剂、0.3%印楝素乳油。田间验证发现,斜纹夜蛾核型多角体病毒、印楝素在药后7d的防效达90%以上,茚虫威、苏云金杆菌、高氯甲维盐、苦参碱的防效达80%以上。生物农药斜纹夜蛾核型多角体病毒、印楝素的防效与对照化学农药相当。 相似文献
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采用点滴法比较了甲维盆、虫螨腈.茚虫威、虫酰肼、毒死蟀、灭多威对甜菜夜蛾和斜纹夜蛾3龄幼虫的室内毒力,以及酶抑制剂与防治甜菜夜蛾和斜纹夜蛾杀虫剂的互作效应.结果表明,甲维盐、虫螨腈、茚虫威对2种试虫毒力较高,LC50值介于0.69～16.32μg/g之间;虫酰肼对甜菜夜蛾毒力较高,LC50值为37.66μg/g毒死蜱对斜纹夜蛾毒力较高,LC50值为20.71μg/g.酶抑制剂PBO,TPP,DEM,SV1在甜菜夜蛾和斜纹夜蛾上对虫螨腈和茚虫威均表现为抑制作用,增效比在0.25～0.96之间;而这4种酶抑制剂在甜菜夜蛾上对甲维盐和虫酰肼以及在斜纹夜蛾上对甲维盐和毒死蟀表现为增效作用,除SV1在斜纹夜蛾上对毒死蜱增效倍数高达16.20外,其它组合增效倍数均介于1.22～4.20之间. 相似文献
5.
ZJ0967对黏虫、小菜蛾和斜纹夜蛾的生物活性 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
室内生测结果表明,ZJ0967对黏虫、小菜蛾和斜纹夜蛾表现出良好的杀虫活性,其LC50分别为2.13、47.05mg/L和8.45mg/L。作用方式测定表明,ZJ0967对黏虫胃毒作用明显,LC50为3.58mg/L,而几乎没有触杀作用。田间试验结果表明,ZJ0967对小菜蛾,特别是对斜纹夜蛾具有较好的防治作用。5%ZJ0967乳油50～200mg/L处理7d后对斜纹夜蛾的防效为81.0%～87.6%。 相似文献
6.
tcdA1B1为昆虫病原细菌-发光杆菌Photorhabdus luminescens的杀虫毒素基因。本文测定了转tcdA1B1基因的阴沟肠杆菌对甜菜夜蛾Spodoptera exigua、斜纹夜蛾Spodoptera litura、黄曲条跳甲Phyllotreta striolata和东亚飞蝗Locus-ta migratoria manilensis4种重要农业害虫的杀虫活性与毒力。在室内条件下,浓度为5.0×108cfu/mL的工程菌悬浮液,采用叶片浸渍法饲喂甜菜夜蛾2龄幼虫、斜纹夜蛾2龄幼虫、黄曲条跳甲成虫、东亚飞蝗2龄若虫,在11d、11d、15d、19d后的致死率分别为80.05%、81.83%、72.31%、39.74%;LT50分别为8.64d、8.38d、11.04d、28.22d。 相似文献
7.
新化合物ZJ3265对5种鳞翅目害虫的毒力及田间防效 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
ZJ3265{(E+Z)-2-[2-(4-氰基苯)-1-(3-三氟甲基苯)亚乙基]-N-(4-二氟甲氧基苯)联氨酰胺}是由浙江省化工研究院有限公司自主开发的缩氨基脲类新型杀虫剂。采用浸渍法测定了ZJ3265对粘虫Mythimna separata、小菜蛾Plutella xylostella和斜纹夜蛾Prodenia litura的室内杀虫毒力。结果表明,ZJ3265对粘虫、小菜蛾和斜纹夜蛾的LC50值分别为1.37(1.16~1.62)、18.53(15.13~22.10 )和15.40(11.98~18.85) mg/L。在田间用24% ZJ3265 悬浮剂处理3 d(有效剂量120 g/hm2),其对小菜蛾、斜纹夜蛾、甜菜夜蛾Spodoptera exigua和菜青虫Pieris rapae的防效分别达74.9%、76.7%、70.3%和84.4%;在试验剂量下,未观察到对作物产生药害。 相似文献
8.
14种杀虫剂对草地贪夜蛾的杀卵活性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为筛选对草地贪夜蛾卵具有活性的杀虫剂,为防治卵期草地贪夜蛾提供数据支撑。采用浸渍法,室内测定了14种杀虫剂的杀卵活性。结果表明:14种杀虫剂均具有一定的杀卵活性。在100 mg/L浓度下,苯氧威、灭多威和吡丙醚的杀卵活性最强,显著高于其余药剂,且能够完全抑制卵的孵化。甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐(甲维盐)、氟虫脲、硫双威、氟铃脲、除虫脲和溴氰虫酰胺的杀卵效果无显著差异(P0.05),杀卵活性在71.67%～90.00%之间。在10 mg/L浓度下,苯氧威和吡丙醚杀卵活性最高,可完全抑制卵的孵化。甲维盐、除虫脲和溴氰虫酰胺也表现出较好的杀卵效果,杀卵活性介于55%～66.67%之间,以上药剂均可作为草地贪夜蛾的杀卵剂轮换使用。值得注意的是,茚虫威是一种对鳞翅目害虫具有优异杀虫活性的新型杀虫剂,且对环境友好。其在100 mg/L和10 mg/L处理浓度下对草地贪夜蛾杀卵活性为52.38%±6.25%和36.67%±6.67%。甲氧虫酰肼在两个处理浓度下的杀卵活性均低于30%,不推荐作为草地贪夜蛾的杀卵剂。上述结果可为草地贪夜蛾的有效防治提供参考。 相似文献
9.
依据活性亚结构拼接原理,合成了6个新型含有磷酸酯和氨基甲酸酯结构片段的氟虫腈衍生物,其结构经核磁共振氢谱和碳谱、电喷雾质谱(ESI-MS)以及元素分析确证。初步生物活性及毒性测定结果表明:目标化合物对斜纹夜蛾 Spodoptera litura 和亚洲玉米螟 Ostrinia furnacalis 幼虫均具有良好的杀虫活性,其中化合物 1和2 对亚洲玉米螟幼虫的杀虫活性优于氟虫腈,LC50值分别为0.85和2.01 μ g/mL;目标化合物对意大利蜜蜂 Apis mellifera L.的毒性均显著低于氟虫腈。 相似文献
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In an attempt to find the biorational pesticides, we synthesized 12 pyridinyl derivatives of podophyllotoxin (PPT) and 4′-demthylepipodophylltoxin (4′-DMEP) in this study. Their structures and the α/β substitution at C-4 were confirmed by 1H NMR, IR, MS spectral analyses and elemental analysis. The insecticidal activities were tested against fifth-instar larvae of Pieris rapae and the third-instar larvae of Cullex pipiens pallens at concentrations of 250 and 10 μg ml−1. Four derivatives of PPT, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 and 4.5, showed higher insecticidal activities against P. rapae than PPT, while three derivatives of PPT, 4.4, 4.5 and 4.6, displayed higher mosquito larvicidal activity than PPT, with LC50 values of 1.66, 3.96 and 1.54 mg l−1, respectively. Interestingly, we also found that the pyridine ring derivatives of PPT showed delayed insecticidal activity, which is different from traditional neurotic insecticides. The results suggest that 4′-OCH3 in the PPT derivatives is essential to keep the insecticidal activity and the insecticidal activities of pyridine ring derivatives of PPT are higher than that of the derivatives of 4′-DMEP, supporting PPT has the potential to be a lead structure of semi-synthetic insecticides. 相似文献
12.
Ying-Qian Liu Yanqing Liu Rong Gao Xuan Tian 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2008,91(2):116-121
In order to find the biorational pesticides, eight novel 4β-substituted phenoxyaniline derivatives of podophyllotoxin have been synthesized with significant stereoselectivity and improved yields by employing the BF3·Et2O/NaI reagent system and evaluated for their antifeedant effect against 5th instar larvae of Pieris rapae and effect on the development of 5th instar larvae of P. rapae as well as for insecticidal activity against P. rapae. The antifeedant activities showed that these compounds exhibited less potent than podophyllotoxin. Though these derivatives showed less potent antifeedant activities than podophyllotoxin, they acted as growth development inhibitor to 5th instar larvae of P. rapae, which were found that the animals treated with podophyllotoxin and its derivatives showed moulting disturbances and/or deformities. Also, the insecticidal activity results show that all of these derivatives of PPT showed delayed insecticidal activity, which differs from traditional neurotoxic insecticides. Among them, compounds possessing a 4β-phenoxyaniline moiety substituted (CO2C2H5, Cl and OH) at para position exhibited greater insecticidal activity against P. rapae than podophyllotoxin. 相似文献
13.
In an attempt to find the biorational pesticides, a series of novel camptothecin derivatives were synthesized via a simple modification of the carbodiimide method using the combination of scandium triflate (Sc(OTf)3) and 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP), and their structures were identified by IR, ESR, HRMS and 1H NMR. Their antifeedant effect and insecticidal activity against third-instar larva of Mythimna separate were examined. The results of preliminary bioassays showed that these compounds exhibited less potent antifeedant activity than camptothecin. Also, all of these derivatives of camptothecin showed delayed insecticidal activity, which differs from traditional neurotoxic insecticides. The results suggested that 20-hydroxyl group in the camptothecin derivatives is essential to keep the insecticidal activity and nature of the substitutes has a major impact on insecticidal activity of these compounds. 相似文献
14.
Eltayeb E. Mansour Guo-an Zhang Fengyu MiYongmo Wang Abu Kargbo 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2012,102(3):237-243
The insecticidal activity of four forms of Hong Jing (HJ) allylisothiocyanate (AITC), AITC + cypermethrin (HJA, HJB, and HJC) with ratio of (1:1, 4:1, and 2:1), pure AITC (HJD), and two forms of Hong Du (HD) AITC, AITC + chlorpyrifos (HDA and HDB) with ratio of (2:1 and 2:1), respectively, were studied on the major cruciferous insect larvae Plutella xylostella (L.) and Pieris rapae (L.) by combining both spraying and dipping methods. The P. rapae was more susceptible than P. xylostella larvae. The LC50 values 72 h after treatment of AITC forms (HJB, HJA, HJC, HJD, HDB, and HDA) on the P. rapae were; 0.07, 0.08, 0.16, 0.83, 0.26, 1.08 gL−1, and 0.69, 0.26, 5.45, 0.93, 3.01, 5.98 gL−1 on the P. xylostella, respectively. The toxicity of some of the AITC forms was very close to or better than that of the commercial contact insecticides such as chlorpyrifos (LC50 = 0.03 and 0.04 gL−1 on P. rapae and P. xylostella, respectively), and cypermethrin (0.65 and 0.78 gL−1, respectively, against P. rapae and P. xylostella). The ultrastructural studies on the integument of the third larval instar of P. xylostella treated by sub-lethal concentration (LC20) of HJB, HJD, and HDB were carried out by using transmission electron microscope. The more pronounced alterations in the hypodermis and mitochondria cells. They exhibited changes in all treated samples. The hypodermis was almost completely destroyed, and the mitochondria exhibited morphological alterations, represented by enlargement, matrix rarefaction and vacuolization of the mitochondria matrix, quantity of cristae reduced, and density electron matrix lessened. These AITC forms have potential as contact insecticides, and the ultra structural observations confirm the insecticidal efficiency of different AITC forms on P. rapae and P. xylostella. 相似文献
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K. ShankarganeshSuresh Walia Swaran Dhingra B. SubrahmanyamS. Ramesh Babu 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2012,102(1):86-90
Resistance in Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) has been attributed to enhanced detoxification of insecticides by increased levels of esterases, oxidases and/or glutathione S-transferases. Enzyme inhibiting insecticide synergists can be employed to counter increased levels of such enzymes in S. litura. Dihydrodillapiole induced synergism of pyrethroid toxicity was examined in the laboratory-reared third instar larval population of S. litura collected in Delhi (susceptible), and Guntur (resistant) region of Andhra Pradesh, India. The Guntur population was found to be 7.04 and 10.19 times resistant to cypermethrin and lambdacyhalothrin, respectively. The activity of cypermethrin, lambdacyhalothrin and profenophos against susceptible and resistance populations of S. litura, was gradually increased when used along with a plant-derived insecticide synergist dihydrodillapiole. The α-naphthyl acetate hydrolysable esterase activity in Delhi population was less as compared to the Guntur population. Resistance associated esterases in Delhi population were inhibited by pre-treatment with dihydrodillapiole. The esterase level in insect was instantly reduced initially, sustained for about 3 h and equilibrated at 4 h post treatment. The esterase activity of Guntur population was increased to 1.28 μmoles/mg/min at 2 h post treatment and subsequently reduced to lower than 0.70 μmoles at 4-12 h post treatment. The variation in esterase activity is suggestive of its homeostatic regulation in test populations. Dihydrodillapiole thus caused significant reduction of resistance in S. litura to cypermethrin, lambda cyhalothrin and profenophos. 相似文献
17.
取代双吡唑类化合物的合成及杀虫活性 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
以3-氯苯肼盐酸盐( 1 )和1,1,3,3-四甲氧基丙烷( 2 )为起始原料,经环化、Vilsmeier反应得1-(3-氯苯基)-1H-吡唑-4-甲醛( 4);(4 )与3-三氟甲基苯乙酮( 5 )经Claisen-Schmidt缩合反应得取代芳基烯酮类化合物( 6 ),再与水合肼发生环化反应得3-(3-三氟甲基苯基)-5-(3-氯苯基-1H-吡唑)-4,5-二氢吡唑( 7),其与取代异氰酸酯 作用,制得15个未见文献报道的结构新颖的取代双吡唑类化合物。利用核磁共振氢谱(1H NMR)和质谱(MS)对其结构进行了表征。初步生物活性测定结果表明,在 500 mg/L 质量浓度下,部分化合物对小菜蛾Plutella xylostella的致死率达100%,而对苜蓿蚜Aphis medicaginis、稻褐飞虱Nilaparvata lugens、朱砂叶螨Tetranychus cinnabarinus均无杀虫活性。 相似文献