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牛体外受精技术是胚胎生物工程技术研究的基础,其中牛卵丘卵母细胞体外成熟培养是体外受精技术的关键,也是重要环节。自上世纪三十年代以来,国内外研究者们都付出了大量的研究工作,并取得了较大研究进展。目前,牛卵丘卵母细胞体外成熟培养体系已经确立,但其中的卵母细胞体外成熟和早期胚胎发育阻滞,卵母细胞的成熟调控机理等问题,还有待研究者们进一步深入探讨。本文主要从牛卵丘卵母细胞的获得方法、体外培养条件、体外培养液及添加物、存在问题等几方面来综述其研究进展。 相似文献
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卵母细胞体外成熟是体外受精技术中的关键步骤之一,如何提高体外卵母细胞成熟的质量是目前学者们所研究的热点。本文以牛为例,从细胞学角度简述卵母细胞核质成熟的机理、卵母细胞收集过程中的影响因素以及卵母细胞体外培养条件这三个方面对卵母细胞核质成熟的影响因素作一概述。 相似文献
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为探讨表皮生长因子(epidermal growth factor,EGF)的添加浓度及脱卵丘细胞时间对猪卵母细胞体外成熟及孤雌胚胎体外发育的影响.试验通过在体外成熟液中添加不同浓度(0、10、15、20、30、40 ng/mL)的EGF来研究其对培养44 h的卵母细胞成熟率以及孤雌胚胎发育的影响;在培养开始后的不同时间(18、24、38、44 h)进行脱卵丘细胞处理来研究不同时间脱卵丘处理对培养44 h的卵母细胞成熟率以及孤雌胚胎发育的影响.结果表明,成熟培养基中添加10 ng/mL EGF能显著提高卵母细胞的卵裂率和囊胚率(P <0.05).共培组和独培组卵母细胞培养18 h后脱卵丘细胞成熟率均低于44 h,但差异不显著(P >0.05);共培组卵母细胞培养18 h后脱卵丘细胞的卵裂率和囊胚率显著高于培养44 h(P <0.05);独培组卵母细胞培养18 h后脱卵丘细胞的卵裂率与44 h无显著差异(P >0.05),但囊胚率显著高于培养44 h后脱卵丘细胞(P <0.05).添加10 ng/mL EGF对猪卵母细胞体外成熟及孤雌胚胎体外发育较好;卵母细胞培养18 h后脱卵丘细胞可提高孤雌胚胎早期发育能力. 相似文献
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本实验旨在研究甘氨酸对卵丘细胞及卵母细胞体外成熟质量的影响,优化猪卵母细胞体外成熟(IVM)培养体系。在猪卵母细胞体外成熟培养液中添加6 mmol/L甘氨酸,体外培养至44 h后,通过倒置显微镜测量卵丘细胞扩散直径,结合流式细胞术与qPCR检测卵丘细胞凋亡情况;进一步检测成熟卵母细胞中谷胱甘肽(GSH)、细胞成熟促进因子(MPF)和丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)水平及细胞成熟相关基因表达。结果表明:甘氨酸能显著提高卵丘细胞扩散直径,减少卵丘细胞的总凋亡率,并能显著提高卵丘细胞中Bcl-2的mRNA表达;甘氨酸能显著增加成熟卵母细胞中的GSH、MPF和MAPK水平以及成熟相关基因BMP15、GDF9、CyclinB1、CDK1、C-MOS的mRNA表达。综上可知,甘氨酸可提高猪卵母细胞体外成熟质量,降低卵丘细胞凋亡率。 相似文献
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猪卵巢卵母细胞的体外成熟和体外受精 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
将从屠宰母猪卵巢采得的卵母细胞-卵丘细胞复合体(Oocyte-cumulus Cell Complex.OCC)在含PMSG的M199培养40～44小时,卵丘细胞大部分扩散(86.4％)。48.1％(142/295)的卵母细胞排出第一极体(PBI)。将体外成熟的卵母细胞与体外获能精子授精后30～70小时,80.5％(103/128)的卵母细胞受精并可在体外发育到2～8细胞甚至桑椹胚。本文还对裸卵母细胞的体外成熟和体外受精进行了研究,对体外受精卵的早期发育作了观察。实验结果表明:PMSG对诱导卵丘细胞扩散及卵母细胞的全面成熟有重要作用,在OCC中的卵母细胞成熟率高于裸卵母细胞体外授精后8～10小时将受精卵放入改良KRB液培养可使卵裂比例明显提高。 相似文献
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试验根据直径将猪卵泡分为2组:G1组(4~7 mm)和G2组(2~4 mm),对2组卵泡内获取的卵母细胞体外成熟率和发育潜能进行了比较,利用相对定量PCR检测了卵丘细胞中卵丘扩展相关基因Has2、Ptgs2、Ptx31及Pgr的表达水平,应用绝对定量PCR检测了成熟培养前后卵母细胞线粒体拷贝数,并利用5,5'-二巯基-2-硝基苯酸(DTNB)酶循环法检测了体外成熟培养过程中卵母细胞谷胱甘肽(GSH)的含量。结果显示,G1组和G2组卵母细胞体外成熟率分别为95.06%和68.19%,G1和G2组排出第一极体的成熟卵母细胞孤雌激活后的囊胚率分别为51.47%和29.44%,2组卵母细胞在体外成熟率和孤雌发育率上均差异显著(P<0.05)。G1组卵丘细胞在体外成熟培养过程中的扩展程度明显高于G2组,G1组卵母细胞对应的卵丘细胞扩展相关基因Has2、Ptgs2、Ptx31、Pgr的表达水平高于G2组(Has2基因在卵母细胞成熟培养0、24 h除外);G1组卵母细胞线粒体数、谷胱甘肽含量均高于G2组。以上结果表明,大卵泡来源的卵母细胞体外成熟能力和发育潜力优于小卵泡来源的卵母细胞,这可能与卵母细胞成熟过程中卵丘扩展程度、卵丘扩展相关基因表达激活情况、卵胞质内谷胱甘肽含量和线粒体拷贝数有关。 相似文献
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对体外成熟培养不同时间段猪的新鲜和冷冻的卵子中是否能够释放纤溶酶原激活物(PAs)的情况进行了研究。被卵丘细胞包裹的卵子取自于囊状卵泡,用NUSU-23培养液进行体外培养。OPS冷冻法冷冻卵子。在成熟培养液的卵丘细胞通过用细管不断地吸吐的方法去除。用SDS和酶谱法对猪的卵丘卵母细胞和裸卵里的纤溶酶原激活物进行密度测定。结果显示:在猪新鲜的卵丘卵母细胞中能够检测出Upa、tPA和tPA-PAI。体外培养24h后,在裸卵中也可以检测出uPA的活性;体外成熟培养48h后,在卵丘卵母细胞中能够检测出tPA和tPA-PAI,但在裸卵中没有检测出PAs。在所有冷冻组的试验中,没有检测出PAs活性。 相似文献
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卵丘细胞对辽宁绒山羊卵母细胞体外成熟与孤雌发育的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了进一步探索辽宁绒山羊卵母细胞体外成熟的方法,本试验以屠宰场绒山羊卵巢为材料,采用抽吸法收集直径大于2 mm卵泡的卵母细胞,研究卵丘细胞对卵母细胞体外成熟和孤雌发育的影响。试验1,将一部分COCs经机械吹打脱除卵丘细胞成为机械裸卵(DOs),然后以4种方式培养,即COCs单独培养、DOs与COCs共培养(DOs(COCs))、DOs与卵丘颗粒细胞共培养(DOs(CCs)),以及DOs单独培养。试验2,根据包裹卵母细胞的卵丘细胞的完整性分为3组,有3层卵丘细胞紧密包围的卵母细胞复合体COCs3,有1-3层卵丘细胞包围的卵母细胞COCs1-3,无卵丘细胞包围的裸露卵母细胞NOs,3组各自单独培养。结果表明:COCs组的成熟率、孤雌卵裂率和囊胚率最高,分别为83.25%、41.75%和29.25%,卵丘细胞的存在有利于卵母细胞体外成熟和随后的发育,COCs3组成熟率、孤雌卵裂率和囊胚率分别为83.25%、42.50%和29.75%,显著高于COCs1-3和NOs组,卵丘细胞的完整性也影响着卵母细胞的体外发育,自然裸卵已失去体外发育能力。 相似文献
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为了探讨在成熟培养液中添加谷氨酰胺和IGF-I对晋岚绒山羊母羔卵母细胞体外成熟的影响。随机选择12只6-8周龄晋岚绒山羊母羔为试验动物,用FSH进行超数排卵,活体采集卵母细胞,并对未成熟的卵母细胞进行体外成熟培养。在培养液中添加0、50、100和150μg/mL的谷氨酰胺及0、25、50和100 ng/mL的IGF-I。结果表明：培养液中谷氨酰胺添加量为100μg/mL时,能显著提高卵母细胞成熟率（P〈0.05）;在培养液中添加100μg/mL谷氨酰胺的基础上,再添加50 ng/mL的IGF-I可以进一步显著提高卵母细胞的成熟率（P〈0.01）。 相似文献
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卵母细胞体外成熟培养技术是现代生物技术中的重要内容之一。作者就卵母细胞体外成熟的调节机制、成熟过程中的形态学变化、影响成熟的主要因素以及存在的问题等作一综述。 相似文献
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牦牛是青藏高原地区的重要畜种,为牧民提供生产和生活资料。但是牦牛的繁殖力较低,通常为2年1胎或3年2胎,选育改良进展缓慢。卵母细胞体外成熟培养作为体外受精和胚胎发育必不可少的步骤,已被应用于牦牛科学研究和繁殖生产上。由于牦牛卵母细胞体外成熟能力远远低于体内,因此完善体外培养条件,提高牦牛卵母细胞体外培养的成熟率,对牦牛繁育技术研发和育种生产都有重要的意义。本文从卵巢保存、卵母细胞采集、卵母细胞培养、培养基添加剂等方面对卵母细胞体外成熟的影响因素进行了分析,旨在提高卵母细胞体外成熟发育质量,为牦牛体外受精技术提供技术参考。 相似文献
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论述牛卵母细胞体外成熟和体外受精的最新研究进展，包括卵丘卵母细胞复合体、卵母细胞的体内、体外成熟，以及体内、体外的异常成熟和卵母细胞的体外成熟方法，无蛋白质、无血清系统的限定性培养液的研究进展，卵母细胞体外成熟状态与标志的某些理论上的突破；体外受精中精子供体的选择、精子活力和正常形态的选择、冷冻解冻精液的体外获能、精子的体外受精力，以及体外的异常受精；还论述了牛卵母细胞体外成熟和体外受精技术在家畜育种和胚胎克隆等方面的应用前景 相似文献
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In vitro Development of Buffalo Oocytes in Media-containing Fluids from Different Size Class Follicles 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
S Nandi HM Raghu BM Ravindranatha PSP Gupta PV Sarma 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2004,39(1):33-38
Studies were conducted to investigate the effect of supplementation of fluid from different sized class [small (SFF, < 3 mm), medium (MFF, 3-8 mm) and large (LFF, > 8 mm)] of normal and cystic (CFF) ovarian follicles in oocyte culture media on oocyte maturation rate and embryo development in vitro and to test the efficacy of follicular fluid (FF) from different size classes as a whole oocyte maturation medium. Results suggested that FF were capable of developing buffalo oocytes to embryonic stage in vitro although its efficacy was lower than that of serum. Regardless of high maturation rates after in vitro maturation (IVM) in media containing FF or IVM in whole FF, low blastocyst rates were obtained after in vitro fertilization (IVF) and culture of embryos. Follicular fluid from small follicles had significantly (p < 0.05) higher potential of developing buffalo oocytes to embryonic stage in vitro than that from medium and large follicles. Cystic FF was not capable of supporting development of buffalo oocytes in vitro. 相似文献
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Cocero MJ Alabart JL Hammami S Martí JI Lahoz B Sánchez P Echegoyen E Beckers JF Folch J 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2011,46(3):463-470
In vitro oocyte maturation can be influenced by oocyte source and maturation media composition. The aim of the present study was to compare the efficiency of a defined in vitro maturation medium (TCM199 supplemented with cysteamine and epidermal growth factor; Cys + EGF) with an undefined medium (TCM199 supplemented with follicle-stimulating hormone and follicular fluid; FSH + FF) for in vitro production (IVP) of ovine embryos, using oocytes obtained by laparoscopic ovum pick-up from FSH-stimulated [n=11; 158 cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs)] and non-stimulated (n=16; 120 COCs) live ewes, as well as abattoir-derived oocytes (170 COCs). The produced blastocysts were vitrified and some of them were transferred to synchronized recipients. The best and the worst final yields of embryo IVP observed in this study were obtained using oocytes from FSH-stimulated ewes matured in FSH + FF (41.3%; 33/80) and in Cys + EGF (19.2%; 15/78) medium, respectively (p<0.01). No significant differences between both media were attained in the blastocyst development rate or in the final yield of embryo IVP using oocytes from non-stimulated ewes or abattoir-derived oocytes. The overall in vivo survival rate of the transferred vitrified blastocysts was 13.1% (8/61), without significant differences between oocyte sources or maturation media. In conclusion, under the experimental conditions of the present study, TCM199 supplemented with cysteamine and EGF is a convenient defined maturation medium for IVP of embryos from oocytes of live non-stimulated ewes or from oocytes of abattoir-derived ovaries. However, the best final yield of embryo IVP observed in this study was attained when oocytes came from FSH-stimulated donors and TCM199 was supplemented with FSH and follicular fluid. 相似文献
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Vitamin A is one of the micronutrients which have been implicated in cattle reproduction. In cattle, ingested vitamin A, mainly as beta-carotene (BC) from forages and retinol ester from formula feed, is metabolized and transported to the oocytes and cumulus-granulosa cells in ovarian follicles through binding to various interacting molecules. The active form of vitamin A, retinoic acid (RA), functions as a regulator of gene expression in these targets. Early research showed the positive effects of vitamin A supplementation on bovine fertility in artificial insemination, and several studies on effects of vitamin A metabolites used in other artificial reproductive techniques (ART), including superovulation, ovum pick up, and in vitro maturation culture have provided evidence for the specific roles of vitamin A in oocyte cytoplasmic maturation (acquisition of developmental competence of oocytes during their meiotic maturation period for the embryonic development after fertilization). BC may enhance cytoplasmic maturation by its antioxidant properties which cannot be replaced by RA. Furthermore, RA may promote cytoplasmic maturation of bovine oocytes via its modulatory effects on the gene expression of gonadotrophin receptors, midkine, cyclooxygenase-2, and nitric oxide synthase in cumulus-granulosa cells. 相似文献
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JS Merton APW de Roos EPC Koenen BAJ Roelen PLAM Vos E Mullaart HM Knijn 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2012,47(6):1037-1042
The aim of this study was to determine the optimal maturation culture period of ovum pick up (OPU)‐derived cumulus oocytes complexes (COCs) in relation to their developmental capacity. Embryo production, embryo cryotolerance, post‐transfer embryonic survival and calf characteristics such as gestation length, birthweight and sex ratio were investigated. This retrospective study covers the analyses of ovum pick up –in vitro production and calving results from a commercial programme that took place between March 1994 and September 2004. Donors were both heifers (of which approximately 90% pregnant) and cows (of which approximately 10% pregnant). Embryo production analyses were based on 7800 OPU sessions conducted from January 1995 until January 1999. Analyses of calving rate were based on 13 468 embryo transfers performed during January 1995 until May 2002. Analyses on calf characteristics were based on 2162 calves born between March 1994 and September 2004. The in vitro maturation culture period ranged from 16 to 28 h. The mean production rate of transferable embryos was 16.5% (1.2 embryos per OPU session). Length of maturation culture period did not affect the production of transferable embryos. Mean calving rate was 40.9% and 38.7% for fresh and frozen/thawed embryos, respectively. Calving rate was not affected by the maturation culture period. Mean birthweight, gestation length and proportion of male calves were 46 kg, 281.9 days and 52.8%, respectively. Maturation culture period did not affect these variables. In conclusion, this study shows that the in vitro maturation culture period within the range of 16–28 h does not affect in vitro embryo production, embryo cryotolerance, post‐transfer embryonic survival and calf characteristics, suggesting that all COC batches collected by OPU on the same day, can be fertilized in one IVF session without a significant loss in the production from oocyte to calf. 相似文献