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SummaryCore browning often occurs as a physiological disorder in ‘Yali’ pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd.) and results in a high losses during storage. In this study, the effects of fumigation with nitric oxide (NO) gas on the incidence of core browning in ‘Yali’ pears during cold storage were investigated. ‘Yali’ pear fruit were treated with 0, 10, 20, or 30 µl l–1 NO at 25º ± 2ºC for 3 h under anaerobic conditions, then stored at 0º ± 1ºC under normal air for up to 120 d. The data showed that fumigation with 20 µl l–1 NO was most effective at suppressing core browning. Thereafter, treatment with 20 µl l–1 NO was used for comparisons with untreated control fruit in experiments to measure changes in total phenolics contents, polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities, and the contents of glutathione (GSH), ascorbic acid (AsA), and NO in fruit core tissue during storage. The results showed that NO-fumigated fruit had lower PPO activity, but higher GSH and AsA contents in their core tissue compared with untreated control fruit. NO fumigation also maintained higher endogenous NO levels in core tissue after 60 d in storage, while the total phenolics contents of fruit remained at lower levels until day-100 of storage. These results indicate that the inhibitory effect of fumigation with20 µl l–1 NO on core browning was associated with its effects on reducing PPO activity and total phenolics contents, while maintaining the contents of GSH and AsA in core tissue of ‘Yali’ pear during cold storage. 相似文献
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为了探明阿月浑子组织培养过程中的褐变机制,以阿月浑子组培丛生芽为外植体,在其继代培养基(1/2DKW)中分别添加抗褐变剂PVP和Cys,分析组培苗叶片、茎段和愈伤组织的总酚含量以及PPO、POD、PAL、C4H酶活性的变化,研究其与褐变的关系。结果表明,在一个继代培养周期内,愈伤组织中PPO活性呈增加趋势,而叶片和茎中PPO活性呈"V"字形变化。POD活性随继代时间增长而逐渐升高,继代28 d后开始下降,愈伤组织中POD活性变化范围较叶片和茎段中要高一个数量级。PAL活性总体呈下降趋势,而C4H酶活性在继代前期上升,继代14 d或21 d后下降。结合相关性分析可知,阿月浑子各组织的总酚含量与褐变率呈显著正相关,并且POD酶在促褐变反应中发挥主要作用。在实验中发现,PVP与Cys虽然对POD、PPO、CH4酶活性也有一定影响,但其主要是通过抑制PAL的酶活性,显著减少了组培苗和愈伤组织的酚类物质含量,从而降低褐变率。 相似文献
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砂梨果肉褐变与酚类物质及相关酶活性的相关分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
【目的】为了探明砂梨褐变的内在机制,为砂梨贮藏与加工过程中品种选择和褐变控制提供理论依据,【方法】以11个砂梨品种的成熟果实为试材,测定总酚与酚类物质组成及含量、GSH含量、PPO、SOD、CAT、PAL、POD酶活性等相关指标。【结果】结果表明,不同品种酶促褐变程度有很大差别,‘新兴’和‘早生黄金’褐变较重,而‘秋黄’和‘丰水’较轻。绿原酸、儿茶素、芦丁和没食子酸是梨果肉中含量较高的酚类物质。总酚含量与果实褐变度相关性最高,绿原酸次之,儿茶素最低。【结论】梨果肉褐变相关酶活性与酚类物质组分及含量对其酶促褐变的影响程度因品种不同而存在差异。梨果肉酶促褐变与总酚和绿原酸含量的相关度高于与酶类的相关度。 相似文献
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Jiaqi Yan Yancong Xu Liping Li Yousheng Wang 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2016,91(6):619-624
The effects of short-term nitrogen (N2) treatment on fruit quality and respiratory enzymes of Yali pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd.) were investigated. Fruit were N2 shocked by exposing them to N2 for 48 h, and then stored at 0–1°C under ambient atmospheric gas concentrations for 4 months. Results showed that titratable acidity (TA) and total soluble solids (TSS) contents in N2-shocked fruit were higher than those in control fruit. At the end of storage, the core browning rate in N2-shocked fruit was 29.9% lower compared to the control. Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity was inhibited by N2-shock treatment during the first 90 days of storage. In addition, N2-shocked fruit had lower succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity, while cytochrome c oxidase (CCO) activity was induced to high levels compared to the control. N2-shock treatment may be applied as an alternative technology to extend the shelf life of Yali pear fruit. 相似文献
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Qiaochun Wang Haoru Tang Yin Quan Yin Quan Tang 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(5):833-839
SUMMARYSeveral factors influencing phenol induced browning and establishment of apple (Malus pumila Mill. cv. Fuji) and pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rend., cv. Jinhua) were investigated by using shoot-tip expiants cultured in vitro. Expiants of 'Fuji' apple and 'Jinhua' pear collected from November to February produced low browning percentages. Browning percentages increased rapidly as the stock plants entered the growing season, reached a maximum during April and August and then decreased. Dark treatment of the stock plants reduced browning. Lowest incidence of browning and the highest surviving percentages of both 'Fuji' apple and 'Jinhua' pear were obtained after four weeks of dark treatment. However, bud-break percentage, fresh weight and the number of new leaves of the surviving expiants decreased with increase in the length of dark treatment. When the dark treatment was used during the first phase of culture initiation, 5°C was better than 24°C for reducing browning and improving establishment of the expiants. At 5°C, 6 d of dark treatment for 'Fuji' apple and 8 d for 'Jinhua' pear produced the least browning and the highest surviving percentages. However, bud break percentages, fresh weights and numbers of new leaves decreased as the length of the dark treatment increased. Addition of 2.5 g l"1 activated charcoal to the initiation medium favoured establishment of 'Jinhua' pear expiants and 100/150 mg 1"' ascorbic/citric acid were effective with 'Fuji' apple. 相似文献
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荔枝果皮褐变程度的数学模型研究(英文) 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了明确荔枝采后果皮褐变的程度,为生产上的分级和研究中定量果皮的褐变程度提供依据,以淮枝、糯米糍、桂味为材料,研究了采后其果皮颜色变化过程中亮度(L*)、色饱和度(C*)、色度角(h)值及a*值和b*值的变化规律,探讨这些指标与褐变程度的关系,并推导出褐变与这些指标变化相关的方程式。结果表明,色度指标L*,a*,b*和C*值的变化均可用于衡量荔枝果皮的褐变程度,其中以C*值的相关性最高,并确定了3个品种荔枝C*值与褐变程度的对应关系,将荔枝果皮褐变程度数量化,建立荔枝果皮褐变程度的数学模型。 相似文献
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