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1.
Chinese Erhualian pigs are known for prolificacy with distinct reproductive traits compared with Western commercial breeds. In this study, a four‐generation intercross resource population was constructed using White Duroc boars and Chinese Erhualian sows as founder animals, and a total of 14 male reproductive traits were recorded in 411 F2/F3 boars including the testis and epididymis weights, the seminiferous tubular diameter and spermatogenesis at 60, 90 and 300 days of age, semen characteristics, serum testosterone concentration and libido level at 300 days of age. The White Duroc–Erhualian boars showed remarkable segregations in the traits measured except for the seminiferous tubular diameter and had high ratio (13.9%) of the abnormality of spermatogenesis, providing a good experimental population for detecting quantitative trait loci affecting these male reproductive traits. Furthermore, the correlations among nine male reproductive traits at 300 days of age indicated that the testis weight and the body weight were strongly correlated with the sperm production, supporting the two traits as important parameters for boar selection to increase sperm production and ultimately improve boar fertility. The libido level in the White Duroc–Erhualian boars that was evaluated by a new and easily recorded scoring system showed a significant correlation with serum testosterone concentration. Yet, both libido and serum testosterone concentration were not correlated with the sperm production. Results of this study provided new information on the male reproductive physiology and genetics in Chinese Erhualian and White Duroc boars.  相似文献   

2.
Diarrhoea caused by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) expressing F4 (F4ab, F4ac and F4ad) fimbriae is a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in newborn and weaned pigs. The locus controlling susceptibility towards ETEC F4ab/ac has been mapped to SSC13q41, in which TFRC (transferrin receptor) was localized and considered as a positional candidate gene for ETEC F4ab/ac receptor. In this study, we determined susceptibility/resistance to ETEC F4ab/ac in a total of 755 F2 animals from a White Duroc x Erhualian intercross using a microscopic enterocyte adhesion assay. We identified two TFRC polymorphisms (SNPs 591 A>G and 632 A>G) in a single exon after comparative sequencing analysis of 2371-bp amplicons containing the complete coding region of TFRC using RNA of eight full-sib F2 animals with susceptible and resistant phenotypes. The intron sequences flanking the two exon polymorphisms were obtained, revealing an intron polymorphism (SNP 291 C>T). We genotyped the 19 founder animals of the White Duroc x Erhualian intercross for the identified polymorphisms, showing that only the 291 C>T polymorphism is a highly informative marker. We further genotyped all 59 F1 and 755 F2 animals for the 291 C>T polymorphism, and the association of this polymorphism with susceptibility/resistance to ETEC F4ab/ac in these F2 animals was evaluated by the transmission disequilibrium test. The result showed that the 291 C>T polymorphism is not a causal mutation, however, has a significant linkage disequilibrium with the ETEC F4ab/ac, especially F4ac receptor locus.  相似文献   

3.
11个猪种SLC6A14基因3个SNPs的群体遗传变异研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
本研究旨在了解猪种的遗传变异、种群间的亲缘关系和遗传分化。以白色杜洛克×二花脸资源家系F0代的17头二花脸母猪和2头白色杜洛克公猪的DNA池为模板,通过直接测序在猪SLC6A14基因内识别4个SNPs,以3个突变位点(g.7944AT、c.1438GA、g.21063GT)为基础,通过PCR-RFLP技术,对11个中外猪种进行多态性检测。结果表明:在SLC6A14g.7944AT和g.21063GT2个突变位点上,所有检测猪种都出现变异,其中槐猪、二花脸猪在g.7944AT位点上变异显著(0.01P0.05);而里岔黑猪、槐猪、玉山黑猪、合作藏猪、八眉猪在g.21063GT内变异极显著(P0.01),以GT基因型为主,且二花脸猪中出现TT基因型;在SLC6A14c.1438GA突变位点上,3个欧洲猪种(长白、大白、杜洛克)没有出现变异,均为GG纯合型,而其他猪种在此位点上均存在变异;再根据11个猪种3个位点的多态性信息计算Nei氏遗传距离,由UPGMA法构建聚类图,说明中国地方猪种与外引猪种存在明显的遗传分化;由此得出中国地方猪种比外引猪种有高的遗传多样性和变异,且存在明显的遗传分化,品种间多数猪种符合品种地域分布和品种特性。  相似文献   

4.
To evaluate the influence of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) F4 receptors on production traits in pigs, ETEC F4ab, F4ac, and F4ad adhesion phenotypes and 27 traits related to growth, carcass, meat quality, and length of the small intestine in a White Duroc x Erhualian intercross population were measured. Performance data revealed that pigs with the F4ab or F4ac receptor (adhesive phenotypes) had greater (P < 0.01) ADG during the fattening period (from 46 to 240 d) and carcass weight and length at 240 d than pigs lacking the receptors (nonadhesive phenotype). Conversely, animals having the F4ad receptor had less (P < 0.01) ADG during the fattening period and carcass weight than those lacking the receptor. In total, 8 adhesion patterns (A to H) for the 3 F4 strains were observed in this experimental population. Pigs with both F4ab and F4ac receptors (phenotype B) had greater (P < 0.01) ADG, carcass weight, and length at 240 d compared with pigs without the F4 receptors. No difference was found (P > 0.05) in traits related to meat quality, fatness, and length of the small intestine between pigs with or without the receptors. On the basis of the antagonistic relationship between susceptibility to F4ab/ac and production traits, we speculate that the prevalence of the ETEC F4ab/ac adhesive phenotype in pig populations is attributable to balanced natural and artificial selection.  相似文献   

5.
本文以二花脸和大约克猪及其Ｆ１、Ｆ２代为材料，研究其卵泡发育、排卵数和妊娠子宫对胎儿数的影响。结果显示：二花脸猪在卵巢体积和未成熟卵泡数方面低于大约克猪及其Ｆ１、Ｆ２代，而卵泡成熟率、排卵数和妊娠胎儿数都高于大约克猪及其Ｆ１、Ｆ２代。二花脸猪妊娠２８～３０天的孕角长度和体积比大约克猪及其Ｆ１、Ｆ２代的大，但每个胎儿所占的孕角长度和体积却小。表明二花脸猪不仅排卵多，而且胚胎活力强，胚胎与子宫间具有复杂的协同关系，以利于胎儿的生长发育  相似文献   

6.
Muscle fibre traits are related with meat quality in meat animals. In this study, a whole‐genome scan with 183 microsatellite markers covering the pig genome was performed to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for cross‐sectional area, numerical percentage and relative area of type I, IIA and IIB myofibres, fibre number per square centimetre and total fibre number in the longissimus muscle by using 120 F2 animals in a White Duroc × Erhualian intercross. In total, 20 QTL were mapped on pig chromosomes (SSC) 1, 2, 7, 8, 9, 11, 15, 16 and X, of which eight reached genome‐wide significance levels and explained large proportions (6.53–34.63%) of phenotypic variance. Five QTL detected in this study confirmed the previous QTL reports and the others were detected for the first time. Chinese Erhualian alleles are generally associated with muscle fibre traits favourable for meat quality.  相似文献   

7.
本研究通过建立两次PCR扩增分型法,分析猪表皮生长因子(epidermal growth factor,EGF)基因第3内含子上的875bp插入片段在13个中外不同繁殖性能的猪种中的遗传变异,以及EGF基因在白色杜洛克×二花脸资源家系180头F2母猪中与繁殖性状的相关性。结果表明,不同类型中国地方猪种与西方商业猪种在EGF基因位点上存在偏态分布。在资源家系中该位点对总产仔数、产活仔数和断奶活仔数无显著影响(P0.05);尽管BB基因型的产活仔数和断奶活仔数分别比AA型多1.74和0.46头,但BB型的个体太少,各基因型间的均值差异不显著(P0.05);虽然产活仔数的a值和d值分别达到0.87和1.24头,但该基因位点的加性效应和显性效应并不明显。因此,需要利用更多的SNP位点和更多样本进一步了解EGF基因与繁殖性状的关联性。  相似文献   

8.
The objective of this study was to examine the health and meat production of cloned sows and their progenies in order to demonstrate the application of somatic cell cloning to the pig industry. This study compared the growth, reproductive performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of Landrace cloned sows, F1 progenies and F2 progenies. We measured their body weight, growth rate and feed conversion and performed a pathological analysis of their anatomy to detect abnormalities. Three of the five cloned pigs were used for a growth test. Cloned pigs grew normally and had characteristics similar to those of the control purebred Landrace pigs. Two cloned gilts were bred with a Landrace boar and used for a progeny test. F1 progenies had characteristics similar to those of the controls. Two of the F1 progeny gilts were bred with a Duroc or Large White boar and used for the progeny test. F2 progenies grew normally. There were no biological differences in growth, carcass characteristics and amino acid composition among cloned sows, F1 progenies, F2 progenies and conventional pigs. The cloned sows and F1 progenies showed normal reproductive performance. No specific abnormalities were observed by pathological analysis, with the exception of periarteritis in the F1 progenies. All pigs had a normal karyotype. These results demonstrate that cloned female pigs and their progenies have similar growth, reproductive performance and carcass quality characteristics and that somatic cell cloning could be a useful technique for conserving superior pig breeds in conventional meat production.  相似文献   

9.
A total of 124 Duroc and 99 Landrace primiparous and multiparous sows were assigned, within breed and contemporary group, to control (N) or 10% added fat (F) diets on d 105 of gestation based on parity and genetic line (control or selected for improved sow productivity), to determine the effects of genetic line and fat addition to the lactation diet on sow and litter performance. Weekly feed intake was not affected (P greater than .10) by genetic line for Duroc and Landrace sows but feed intake was reduced (P = .08) during wk 1 to 4 for Duroc sows and during wk 1 and 4 for Landrace sows (P less than .05) when they were fed diet F compared with diet N. Select (S)-line Duroc and Landrace sows lost more weight during lactation (P less than .01) than did control (C)-line sows. Select-line Landrace sows lost more backfat during lactation (P less than .05) than did C-line sows. Landrace sows lost less weight during lactation (P less than .05) when fed diet F than when fed diet N. The total number of pigs born, born alive, and alive at 21 d and at weaning were higher (P less than .01) for S-line Duroc sows, and litter size at 21 d and at weaning was higher (P less than .01) for S-line Landrace sows than for C-line litters within each breed. Pig survival from birth to weaning was increased (P = .07) for Duroc sows fed diet F but not for Landrace sows.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

10.
The objective was to estimate breed, heterosis, and recombination effects on pig reproductive traits in two different four-breed composite populations. Breeds included Yorkshire, Landrace, Large White, and Chester White in Exp. 1 and Duroc, Hampshire, Pietrain, and Spot in Exp. 2. Data were recorded on purebred pigs, two-breed cross pigs, and pigs from generations F1 through F6, where F1 pigs were the first generation of a four-breed cross. Litter traits were considered a trait of the gilt. There were 868 first parity litters in Exp. 1 and 865 in Exp. 2. Direct heterosis significantly increased sow weight at 110 d of gestation and litter weight at 14 and 28 d (weaning) in both experiments. Direct heterosis significantly increased number of nipples, weight at puberty, lactation weight loss, litter size, and litter birth weight in Exp. 2. Gestation length in Exp. 1 and age at puberty in Exp. 1 and Exp. 2 were significantly decreased by direct heterosis. Maternal heterosis significantly increased age at puberty in Exp. 2 and decreased sow weight at 110 d of gestation in Exp. 1. Recombination significantly increased sow weight at 110 d of gestation and tended to increase total number born and litter birth weight in Exp. 1. Recombination significantly decreased age at puberty in Exp. 2. Litter heterosis significantly increased number of pigs at 14 and 28 d; litter weights at birth, 14, and 28 d; and tended to increase lactation weight loss in Exp. 1. Litter heterosis decreased litter size in Exp. 2. Maternal heterosis and recombination effects had a sampling correlation of -0.97 in Exp. 1 and -0.91 in Exp. 2 for number of fully formed pigs. Therefore, maternal heterosis and recombination effects were summed, and their net effect was tested. This net effect tended to increase number of nipples, lactation weight loss, and litter birth weight and significantly increased number of fully formed pigs in Exp. 1. Direct, maternal, and litter heterosis and recombination effects significantly influenced reproductive traits.  相似文献   

11.
试验旨在研究催乳素受体（prolactin receptor,PRLR）和卵泡刺激素β（follicle-stimulating hormone β,FSHβ）基因的多态性及其与母猪繁殖性状的关联分析。采用PCR-RFLP方法对大白猪、杜洛克猪和长白猪3个猪种共487头母猪进行了PRLR和FSHβ基因多态性检验,并采用单因子方差分析、LSD法分析不同基因型与母猪总产仔数、产活仔数、断奶窝重和断奶窝仔数等繁殖性状的相关性。结果表明,PRLR基因在大白猪和长白猪中B等位基因均为优势基因,基因频率分别为0.717和0.548,大白猪BB基因型总产仔数显著高于AA基因型（P<0.05）,长白猪BB基因型断奶窝重显著高于AB基因型（P<0.05）;FSHβ基因在大白猪、杜洛克猪和长白猪3个猪种中B等位基因均为优势基因,基因频率分别为0.804、0.760和0.789,长白猪BB基因型总产仔数和产活仔数均显著高于AB基因型（P<0.05）,呈现BB>AA>AB趋势。因此,PRLR和FSHβ基因对荣昌猪场母猪繁殖性能有一定影响,可作为母猪繁殖性能分子选育的候选参考基因。  相似文献   

12.
为了研究生长轴激素对猪繁殖性能发育的影响,随机选取0、3、20、30、90、120、180日龄纯种二花脸公猪和大白公猪各4头,屠宰并采取睾丸组织样,以18S rRNA为内标,用相对定量RT-PCR法研究睾丸IGF-I和IGF-IRmRNA的表达及发育性变化。结果表明,二花脸猪与大白猪睾丸IG-FI mRNA表达的发育模式在30日龄前完全相同,即随着日龄的增加而呈极显著增加(P<0.01);二花脸猪睾丸IG-FI mRNA相对表达量在30~180日龄无显著变化;大白猪睾丸IGF-I mRNA相对表达量在90日龄有所下降,而在120和180日龄又恢复到30日龄水平。二花脸猪睾丸IG-FI mRNA相对表达量显著高于大白猪(P<0.05)。二花脸猪与大白猪睾丸IGF-IR mRNA表达的发育模式不同。二花脸猪睾丸IG-FIR mRNA相对表达量在90~120日龄呈显著下降趋势(P<0.05);大白猪IG-FIR mRNA相对表达量在0日龄较高,随后显著下降(P<0.05),并在观察期内持续保持较低水平。二花脸猪IG-FIR mRNA相对表达量显著高于大白猪(P<0.05)。睾丸IGF-I mRNA和IG-FIR mRNA相对表达丰度呈极显著正相关(r=0.575,P<0.01)。结论:(1)不同品种猪睾丸IGF-I和IG-FIR mRNA表达具有特定的发育模式;(2)猪睾丸中IGF-I和IG-FIR mRNA的协同表达可能对猪繁殖性能的发育有重要调节作用。  相似文献   

13.
优质猪杂交繁育体系的构建与优化   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
选用杜洛克、长白、大白3个国外引进品种,冀合白猪专门化母系B1个国内培育品系,以及1个地方品种太湖猪,模拟杂交繁育体系的生物经济学过程,构建了优质猪的杂交繁育体系,并以每头后备母猪平均每年的利润、每头标准化商品猪的利润、每1000头标准商品猪相对应的母猪头数和商品代出栏猪肌内脂肪含量(肉质指标)4个评价指标对杂交繁育体系进行了优化选择,结果在4种杂交配套组合中,杜洛克×(大白×冀合白猪专门化母系B)经济效率和商品代猪肉质最优。  相似文献   

14.
本研究通过对长×大二元杂交哺乳母猪、皮×杜×长×大四元杂交哺乳仔猪、保育猪分别使用利生菌王、益牧宝、方便菌3种不同微生态制剂进行效果试验,结果表明:利生菌王能显著提高哺乳母猪、哺乳仔猪的生长性能,益牧宝对保育猪的生长性能的提高效益较好。  相似文献   

15.
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16.
Reproduction is a complex trait, controlled by genetic and environmental factors. Genetic improvement of this trait is important for animal breeders to improve the animal's production efficiency. Apart from genetic factors, animal production can be affected by environmental factors, i.e. the nursing ability of the sow, which is in turn affected directly by effective teat number (teats producing milk normally, TN) and number of piglets born alive (NBA). The objective of this study was to find new mutations, such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from the Zona Pellucida glycoprotein gene (ZP3) using Single Strand Chain Polymorphism (SSCP) and nucleotide sequencing and to investigate association between genetic variations and sow reproductive traits. We identified 13 new SNPs from exon 1, two new SNPs from intron 2, one SNP from intron 6 and a 18 bp (GCACGTGGTCCTCCTGG)‐deletion/insertion from intron 2 of the ZP3 gene. Five out of these mutations were selected to genotype in five different breeds (Small Meishan, Qingping, Duroc, Landrace and Large White) and association with reproductive traits in European breeds (Duroc, Landrace and Large White). The sows with genotype AA had more 1.11 piglets NBA than of the sows with genotype AB (p < 0.05) in the 18 bp deletion/insertion of intron 2, while non‐significant associations between the other mutations and reproductive traits (NBA and TN) were found.  相似文献   

17.

The objective of this study was to examine the potential of Meishan genotypes to improve production efficiency through increased reproductive performance and sow longevity. Sows of White composite, with either 1/4 Meishan, 1/4 Duroc or 1/8 Duroc were kept for up to six parities and reproductive performance and lifetime productivity of each sow breed was recorded. Progeny from these sows were analysed for growth and carcass characteristics. It was noted that Meishan genotype sows were more prolific (+1 pig/litter -1 ; P <0.05) and had greater longevity in the herd than either of the Duroc genotypes. The growth rate of slaughter pigs from 1/4 Meishan sows was slower than that of either 1/8 or 1/4 Duroc (893, 976 and 931 g day -1 , respectively; P <0.05) and they had poorer carcass lean content (56, 59 and 58%, respectively; P <0.05). The study would suggest that 1/4 Meishan sows may be useful for systems with low costs of production, small penalties for fat carcasses and where gilt replacement costs are high.  相似文献   

18.
Four-week-old pigs of the Chester White, Duroc, Hampshire, Landrace, and Yorkshire breeds (n = 518) were vaccinated with a pseudorabies modified live-virus vaccine to determine whether genetic differences existed for immune response after vaccination. All pigs and their dams (sows) were tested before vaccination to determine preimmunization antibody titers, using a microtitration serum-neutralization (SN) test. The SN test results of sows were negative, as were preimmunization tests of the pigs. At 4 weeks after pigs were vaccinated, additional blood samples were collected from the pigs, and end-point SN titers were determined, using a 2-fold dilution scheme. Small, but statistically significant, breed differences existed for antibody response, with Yorkshire and Chester White pigs having the highest response, and Duroc and Landrace pigs, the lowest. Differences among sire progeny groups were small, but there were significant differences among dams. Genetic differences as seen by differences among breeds indicates that the efficacy of vaccines may vary from breed to breed and that vaccine trials should not neglect this potential source of variation.  相似文献   

19.
试验采集了435头240日龄苏太猪和760头240日龄白色杜洛克×二花脸F2资源家系猪的血清以检测其血糖和糖基化血清蛋白指标,并利用Illumina porcine 60 K SNP芯片判定个体的基因型,同时进行了全基因组SNP与2个性状关联性分析,以及定位影响苏太猪和白色杜洛克×二花脸F2资源家系猪个体240日龄血糖和糖基化血清蛋白的QTL。结果表明,试验共定位到5个影响血糖和糖基化血清蛋白的QTL,且均为5%染色体显著水平,但其中2个可能是假阳性结果,这些QTL位于不同染色体区域,解释表型变异为3.719%和3.724%。  相似文献   

20.
Puberty is associated with an increase in gonadotropin secretion as a result of an increase in gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion. Kisspeptin is considered to play a key role in puberty onset in many mammalian species, including rodents, ruminants and primates. The present study aimed to determine if changes in hypothalamic expression of the KISS1 gene, encoding kisspeptin, are associated with the onset of puberty in pigs. The animals (n=4 in each group) were perfused with 4% paraformaldehyde at 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 months old, as prepubertal stages, and at 5 months old, as the peripubertal stage, following each blood sampling. KISS1 gene expressions in coronal sections of brains were visualized by in situ hybridization. Plasma luteinizing hormone (LH) was measured by radioimmunoassay. KISS1 mRNA signals were observed in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) at all ages examined without any significant difference in the number of KISS1-expressing cells, indicating that the KISS1 gene is constantly expressed in the ARC throughout pubertal development in pigs. The plasma LH concentration was the highest in 0-month-old piglets and significantly decreased in the 1- and 2 month-old groups (P<0.05), suggesting a developing negative feedback mechanism affecting gonadotropin release during the prepubertal period. Considering the potent stimulating effect of kisspeptin on gonadotropin release in prepubertal pigs, kisspeptin secretion rather than kisspeptin synthesis may be responsible for the onset of puberty in pigs.  相似文献   

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