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1.
森林旅游景区生态安全影响因素的IRDS模型研究——基于扎根理论 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
运用探索性研究工具, 分析森林旅游景区生态安全影响因素及其关系; 借助经典扎根理论, 建立森林旅游景区生态安全影响因素分析的总体框架; 采用开放式访谈与多种类型研究资料, 经过概念化、范畴化等多重编码, 归纳出森林旅游景区生态安全影响因素的10个主范畴和35个范畴; 在此基础上, 根据上述范畴在原始资料中所呈现出的内在逻辑关系, 构建了由制度环境(I)、监管与建设行为(R)、干扰活动(D)、安全状态(S)4个范畴模块构成的森林旅游景区生态安全影响因素的IRDS模型, 并分析景区生态安全的影响因素模块(I, R, D)对其安全状态模块S的作用机理; 最后, 探讨了IRDS模型作为森林旅游景区生态安全研究的理论框架, 在彰显影响主体间角色关系, 强化风险源与状态、响应间关系, 以及提升不同尺度下研究结果普适性等方面的优势。 相似文献
2.
我国森林旅游景区生态安全的IRDS分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《林业调查规划》2016,(1)
依据制度—监管—干扰—状态(IRDS)模型框架,分析我国一些森林旅游景区中资源环境质量明显下降、植被遭到不同程度损毁、动物受到惊扰和伤害等生态安全问题现状。探讨景区生态安全水平下降的关键致因:景区环境相关法规建设远滞后于景区生态环境保护需要、景区在发挥社会认证作用功能时存在选择性、监管主体在景区资源的使用与保护中存在过多利益纠葛、景区开发水平与资源保护水平之间的关系严重失调、景区管理者对景区生态安全的实际边界掌控能力不足、景区资源使用及参与主体间责利关系失衡。提出基于IRDS模型的以生态优先为导向的森林旅游景区生态安全良性循环发展模式、多元环境保护制度体系等措施的景区生态安全水平提升路径。 相似文献
3.
为更好地规划和管理景区,文章以中国和加拿大的千岛湖景区作为典型案例进行比较,通过收集网络平台上的游客点评,采用内容分析法获得景区游客形象感知,对文本进行旅游要素编码及要素等级评定,通过IPA分析法获得景区在发展过程中的优劣势旅游感知要素。结果表明:游客对中国千岛湖感知主要集中在旅游地理位置、自然景观和基础服务设施3个方面,对加拿大千岛湖的感知则集中在地理位置、自然景观和人文景观3个方面;中国和加拿大千岛湖游客情感态度上都倾向积极,但也都存在一定的消极评论;中国、加拿大千岛湖景区24个旅游要素的重要性和游客的满意度情况显示加拿大千岛湖较中国千岛湖获得游客的认同更高;针对两景区的旅游感知要素水平提出相关建议,以期对景区之间相互学习、完善与提升提供参考。 相似文献
4.
基于RS和GIS的天鹅山林场森林景观格局研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
以2003年12月28日Spot5遥感图像和2000年天鹅山森林二类资源调查数据为主要数据源,利用ERMAP-PER和ARCGIS为空间信息处理工具得到森林景观分布图,采用软件Fragstats3.3对天鹅山林场的景观要素特征、景观异质性和景观空间关系进行了分析,以揭示其生态状况和空间变异。结果表明:全场共划分7类景观要素,其中杉木林、阔叶林为该场主要森林景观要素类型;松林与幼林受人类干扰大而阔叶林受人类干扰小;杉木林地之间的聚集状况较好。 相似文献
5.
以新疆喀纳斯景区为例,基于旅游社交平台网络点评数据,利用ROST CM6软件提取喀纳斯景区旅游形象的高频特征词,采用内容分析法分析喀纳斯景区旅游认知形象和情感形象,获得了游客对喀纳斯景区旅游形象的感知。结果表明:游客对旅游景观认知词条比较单一,对喀纳斯景区的认知主要体现在以自然风光为核心的旅游吸引物上,景区内的人文景观关注度低。喀纳斯景区情感形象积极感知的主要方面集中在游客对旅游吸引物的积极感知;游客对服务管理类的消极感知构成了喀纳斯景区情感形象消极感知的主要方面。游客对喀纳斯景区整体旅游形象感知持积极态度,持消极态度的游客占比较低。 相似文献
6.
森林景观类型环境耦合度模型的构建与应用 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
由于森林景观内部生物机制与外部环境相互作用,不同的森林景观类型存在生态功能流的传递与交换,在同一环境条件下,会因为其生物学特性的差异产生不同的相互作用.根据这种森林景观类型在环境适宜性测度上的相互作用的程度,借鉴生态系统的“生态位”,提出森林景观类型环境耦合度的概念,并建立了相应的模型.研究表明：（1）森林景观在环境资源利用上互相补充、互相干扰,从而衍发耦合.耦合可能会带来系统的进化,产生新的结构与功能.（2）耦合度大小反映了森林景观类型两两之间在同一环境条件下共生稳定的状态,但只反映整体稳定性效应.其稳定性从森林景观对环境适宜的两个方面来体现,即生态相似性与生态互补性.（3）当某一景观跨越一个渐变的环境梯度时,对耦合度模型的应用造成一定的复杂性.（4）由于不同的环境资源使同一森林景观体现不同的生存状态,以及对环境资源利用会呈现阶段性的变异,森林景观环境稳定的耦合状态的确切认定存在模糊性. 相似文献
7.
文章以云水谣古镇为例,采用网络文本和IPA相结合的分析方法,在携程网、蚂蜂窝、大众点评网、去哪儿网、同程网、TripAdvisor等旅游网站上获取游客对景区的评价数据,使用GooSeekerv9.0.4软件在高频词汇分析、情感分析和语义网络分析的结果中构建分析模型,评价游客景区体验要素结构和体验质量,剖析基于网络数据的历史古镇景区形象感知。结果表明:游客对该景区体验要素的关注度相对集中;游客对该景区体验要素的重要性感知度差异较大;未来历史古镇景区可从景区内外部环境、景区热门景点、历史文化背景、活动策划项目、基础服务设施5个方面进行改进提升,从而为游客提供更高质量的游览体验。 相似文献
8.
为了更加客观、真实地反映节庆期间游客对景区旅游形象感知,以杭州超山梅花节为例,通过网络文本分析法,把近4a梅花节期间游客在各大旅游网站上的评论和游记作为研究样本,以景区整体环境、景区旅游资源、游客行为活动、旅游设施服务作为游客旅游形象感知的构成元素,对游客关于梅花节期间景区的旅游形象感知进行研究。结果显示:游客对景区整体环境认知良好;认为景区对现有资源利用不充分;在对景区内开展的各项娱乐活动较为满意的同时认为景区旅游元素过于单一;对景区的旅游设施服务方面存在一定的消极感。在此基础上,提出了改善基础设施服务、充分利用现有资源、优化游客旅游体验等建议。 相似文献
9.
根据人类干扰对森林景观变化效果大小,把对森林景观产生作用的人类干扰类型分为调控型和变迁型,建立了定量评价人类干扰对森林景观类型相关性影响的综合测度模型.结果表明,人类干扰调整了森林景观的总体格局,改变了森林景观类型间的相关性;从森林景观与人工景观、管理景观的相邻度可以衡量人类干扰的影响程度;人类干扰因素的复杂性及各因素间的关联性,导致各因素对干扰机理存在模糊性,要进一步把握干扰影响的内在规律,必须结合其它方法. 相似文献
10.
在网络生活高速发展前提下,网络评论已经是获取目的地旅游形象感知的重要渠道。利用网络文本途径结合Rost Content Mining软件与IPA模型分析,展开对上海共青森林公园旅游形象感知的分析,得到高频词汇、情感分析及网络语义分析图。结合高频词汇与网络语义分析通过IPA模型进一步研究,总结出针对公园的游客旅游体验要素结构与体验质量评价结论。结果表明,游客对目的地的形象感知整体呈现积极的态度,各体验要素之间的分值存在差异。公园可从保持现有优势、改进设施管理水平、丰富活动、完善交通网等方面入手,全方位共同提升,为游客提供更优质的旅游体验。 相似文献
11.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(5):427-435
In Scandinavia, moose (Alces alces L.) sometimes cause severe browsing damage to economically-important pine. Moose-vehicle accidents have spurred construction of fences along roads, and these may interfere with moose migration between summer and winter ranges, or the road alone may be a barrier. If this happens and moose build up along roads, landowners may suffer economically. Therefore, this study investigated whether roads, fences or other factors influence the use of young pine stands by moose. Eighty stands along roads in northern Sweden were evaluated in which individually-browsed branches were counted on 9972 pines. Moose browsing was not significantly related to birch (Betula pendula Roth, B. pubescens Ehrh.) density, nor did it differ between pines (Pinus contorta Douglas or P. sylvestris L.). However, increased pine density, site productivity and proximity to a highway were associated with increased browsing. Further large-scale studies are needed to understand moose habitat selection and the effects of roads. 相似文献
12.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(3):206-217
The root systems of 2-yr-old Picea glauca, Picea mariana and Pinus banksiana seedlings were submitted to various frost temperatures during an artificial frost to induce different levels of root damage. Frost-damaged and control seedlings were placed in a greenhouse under high and low soil moisture regimes. Seedling growth and physiology were evaluated periodically. Seedling survival was reduced when root damage reached levels of 60-80%. Root systems of all three species showed partial to total recovery by the end of the experiment. In general, root freezing damage caused reductions in seedling growth, with these reductions becoming less significant over time. Root damage had little to no effect on black spruce and jack pine seedling physiology, while white spruce CO 2 uptake decreased with increasing root damage. Shoot nitrogen content of all three species decreased slightly with increasing root damage. 相似文献
13.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):53-61
This study investigated the stand structure in pine, spruce and deciduous forests in the border district of Finland and Russia. A total of 46 mature forest stands was selected as pairs, the members of each pair being as similar as possible with respect to their forest site type, age, moisture and topography. The stands were then compared between the two countries by means of basal areas and number of stems. The proportions of dominating tree species were 2-12% lower, and correspondingly the proportions of secondary tree species higher, in Russian forests. The density of the forest stock was also higher in each forest type in Russia. The forests in the two countries differed most radically in terms of the abundance of dead trees. The amount was two to four times higher in Russian deciduous and spruce forests, and in pine forests the difference was 10-fold. The stand structures indicated that Russian coniferous stands, in particular, were more heterogeneous than intensively managed pine and spruce stands in Finland. 相似文献
14.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):15-27
The root collar diameter and the height:diameter ratio are of particular importance in container-grown seedlings where a high density in the containers may produce spindly seedlings. Temperature regimes and light quality are known to affect plant growth. The aim of this study was to identify responses in Picea abies (L.) Karst. seedlings grown with light providing different red:far-red ratios and under temperature regimes with alternating day (DT) and night temperature (NT) from negative (DT < NT) to positive (DT > NT) difference (DIF) between DT and NT. Experiments were conducted in controlled environment chambers and in a daylight phytotron. Only limited thermoperiodic responses appeared in P . abies seedlings with respect to seedling height and dry weight accumulation. The formation of terminal buds, however, was clearly delayed in seedlings grown at negative DIF. The results indicate a requirement for day extension light that is high in far-red, to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. An extended study should be conducted to clarify the minimum level of light intensity and the optimal light quality needed to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. 相似文献
15.
本文分析了CAD在设计中引起的正面和负面影响,并进行了系统的阐述,从而使设计者在应用中能够保持客观的态度。 相似文献
16.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(2):131-138
The effects of soil scarification (mounding), slash removal and clear-cut age on the natural regeneration in clear-cuts was evaluated using data from four sites in southern Sweden. The treatments were carried out during a good seed and establishment year for birch ( Betula pubescens Ehrh. and B. pendula Roth). Scarification had the strongest positive effect on the density of naturally regenerated seedlings, especially in birch, but also in pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.) and spruce [ Picea abies (L.) Karst]. Slash removal had a positive effect on birch density. No statistically significant effect of clear-cut age was found. In addition, no statistically significant interactions between clear-cut age and scarification or slash removal were found. The ingrowth of field vegetation was the fastest in areas that were not scarified, less rapid in areas scarified on old clear-cuts, and the slowest after scarification in fresh clear-cuts. In conclusion, it may be possible to control the density of birch during a good establishment year for birch. If birch is desired, the best combination of treatments is to remove the slash and scarify; otherwise, these treatments should be avoided. 相似文献
17.
18.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(5):472-479
Based on an enquiry, risk perception among non-industrial private forest owners is described in relation to climate change and forestry hazards. Of the respondents, 11% took action to remedy the effects of climate change. Out of a given set, hazards were ranked according to each respondent's experience of recent substantial financial loss to the estate and in relation to his or her willingness to make investments aimed at risk reduction. For each hazard, the respondent assessed the risk in four classes ranging from very high to negligible risk. Six hazards were considered most problematic in all three aspects: browsing damage, falling timber prices, damage by wind, spruce bark beetle, root rot and pine weevil. A majority of the respondents claimed to take action to reduce the risk associated with at least one hazard, while 35% did not know whether they did. Excluding climate change, the need for decision support was the largest in relation to damage by wind owing to a combination of perceived high risk and a high level of ignorance in relation to whether risk-reducing measures were taken. 相似文献
19.
Srisuda Thippayarugs Banyong Toomsan Patma Vityakon Viriya Limpinuntana Aran Patanothai Georg Cadisch 《Agroforestry Systems》2008,72(2):137-148
In situ produced plant residues contain a mixture of different plant components of varying quality. To assess synergistic
or antagonistic interactions occurring during the decomposition and mineralization of such mixtures, individual plant parts
(stems, leaves, leaf litter and roots) or the mixture of stems, leaves and leaf litter of the agroforestry species pigeonpea
(Cajanus cajan) or of crop residues of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) or of the weed hairy indigo (Indigofera hirsuta) were incubated in pots for 19 weeks. Periodically, remaining plant residues were sieved out (>2 mm), weighed and N content
as well as soil mineral N determined. Above- and below-ground residues of peanut decomposed fastest and showed the largest
N release in agreement with their high N concentration and low-acid detergent fibre (ADF) : N ratio. Hairy indigo was hypothesized
to be of lower quality than pigeonpea because of its high-polyphenol content. However, it decomposed faster than pigeonpea,
largely because of the higher N and lower lignin concentration of its components. Ranking of individual plant components for
N mineralization resulted in the following pattern, leaves > leaf litter > roots > stems. In mixtures of the different plant
components a similar species order in decomposition was obtained, e.g. peanut > hairy indigo > pigeonpea. The amount of N
released from the mixture was dominated by stem material that comprised 46–61% of the mixture. The interactions in mixtures
were relatively small for peanut (generally high-quality components) as well as for pigeonpea (low proportion of high-quality
components, i.e. N rich leaf material). However, a positive interaction occurred during later stages of N mineralization in
the mixture of hairy indigo as it had a significant proportion of N rich components and absence of highly reactive polyphenols.
Thus, for plants with low to intermediate chemical quality attributes, manipulating plant composition (e.g. by varying harvest
age, affecting stem and leaf proportions) will be important to obtain significant interactions during decomposition when its
components are mixed. 相似文献
20.
A. Rigueiro-Rodríguez M. R. Mosquera-Losada E. Gatica-Trabanini 《Agroforestry Systems》2000,48(3):245-256
The use of organic waste materials such as milk sewage as an organic fertilizer could have the dual advantages of organic-waste
disposal and reduced dependence on inorganic fertilizers. The effects of fertilization with (1) conventional mineral fertilization,
(2) milk sewage sludge at 40 kg N ha−1 target rate and (3) no fertilization on pasture production and tree growth were examined in an experiment consisting of two
pasture mixtures under a one-year-old Pinus radiata plantation with a density of 2500 trees ha−1. The two pasture mixtures were: (1) Dactylis glomerata L. var. saborto (25 kg ha−1) + Trifolium repens L. group Ladino (4 kg ha−1) + Trifolium pratense L. var. Marino (1 kg ha−1); (2) Lolium perenne L. var. Tove (25 kg ha−1) + Trifolium repens L. group Ladino (4 kg ha−1) + Trifolium pratense L. var. Marino (1 kg ha−1). The experiment began in the spring of 1995 using a randomized block design with three replicates in Castro Riberas de Lea
(Lugo, Galicia, north-western Spain). Plot size was 12 × 8 m2, with a 1 m buffer strip between plots. Two-year data showed that fertilization with either material had a positive effect
on pasture production, with no significant difference between the two fertilization treatments. Tree growth in the milk sewage
sludge plot was significantly higher than in the control plots. Inorganic fertilization increased pasture production, but
affected tree growth negatively. The results show that milk sewage sludge could be used as a fertilizer in silvo-pastoral
systems.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献