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1.
青海省四种草原毛虫卵壳表面特征的扫描电镜观察 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用扫描电镜观察了青海省鳞翅目昆虫──青海草原毛虫（Ｑｎａｅｐｈｏｒａｑｉｎｇｈａｉｅｎｓｉｓ），门源草原毛虫（Ｇ．ｍｅｎｙｕａｎｅｎｓｉｓ），曲麻莱草原毛虫（Ｃ．ｑｕｍａｌａｉｅｎｓｉｓ），久治草原毛虫（Ｇ．ｊｉｕｚｈｉｅｎｓｉｓ）的卵壳结构特征，并比较了卵壳的受精孔区和气孔等细微结构特征，以作为不同草原毛虫卵壳分类鉴定的参考。 相似文献
2.
连续两年（１９９０一１９９１年）在实验室和野外对门源草原毛虫（Ｇｙｎａｅｐｈｏｒａｍｅｎｙ－ｕａｎｅｎｓｉｓＹａｎｅｔＣｈｏｕ）１龄至６龄（雄性）或７龄（雌性）幼虫进行了观测，对头壳宽、体长、体宽、体重和趾钩数分别作了测定，统计比较。结果表明：幼虫头壳宽度是用于直接判别幼虫发育期的最有效的参数，并提出根据这一参数估测幼虫虫龄的方法，由头宽Ｘ预测虫龄Ｙ公式为：Ｙ＝０．２９４４＋２．０３１４Ｘ４（ｒ＝０．９８２６） 相似文献
3.
提出了自然条件下门源草原毛虫（ＧｙｎａｅｐｈｏｒａｍｅｎｙｕａｎｅｎｓｉｓＣｈｏｕｅｔＹａｎ）的体重增长模型，将幼虫体重增长分为两个阶段：滞育期（０－１８０ｄ）和生长期（１８０－３１０ｄ）。个体平均体重生长曲线：滞育阶段为Ｗ＝０．０００８－０．００００００４ｔ（０≤ｔ≤１８０）；生长阶段为 雄性（１８０≤ｔ≤３００），雌性Ｗ（１８０≤ｔ≤３１０）。并求得幼虫体重生长Ｓ型曲线的拐点位于雄性第５龄和雌性第６龄。 相似文献
4.
草原毛虫蛹期寄生天敌种类初步观察 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采集青海省１２个县区的草原毛虫蛹，在实验室内初步观察结果，草原毛虫蛹期寄生天敌中有致病微生物２种，寄生天敌昆虫７种，其中以草原毛虫金小峰（ＰｔｅｒｏｍａｌｕｓｑｕｉｎｇｈａｉｅｎｓｉｓＬｉａｏ）和多刺孔寄蝇（ＳｐｏｇｇｏｓｉａｅｃｈｉｎｕｒａＲｏｂ．－ｄｅｓ．）为优势种，古毒蛾追寄蝇（ＥｘｏｒｉｓｔａｌａｒｖａｒｕｍＬｉｎ）为青海追寄蝇属一新记录。 相似文献
5.
家兔显微受精影响因素及显微受精胚胎超微结构 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以家兔为实验动物，利用胞质内精子注射技术和透明带下精子注射技术，对卵龄、精子获能、注射针管口径、操作室温和操作方法等影响显微受精的因素以及显微受精胚胎的超微结构进行了研究。结果显示：（１）胞质内单精子注射，ｈＣＧ后１５－１７ｈ卵的存活率为６９．４％，显著（Ｐ〈０．０５）高于ｈＣＧ后１９－２１ｈ卵的存活率（４７．３％）；而受精率和卵裂率（分别为５２．９％和４１．２％）分别低于ｈＣＧ后１９－２１ｈ卵的 相似文献
6.
陕西杨凌示范区草坪草引种栽培试验研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
根据近两年的观察试验结果，对引种栽培的２３个草坪草品种的物候期、覆盖度、密度、再生速度、品质特性及抗逆性等进行了对比分析，筛选出了适合陕西杨凌示范区生态条件下栽培的优良草坪品种——帕特（Ａｇｒｏｓｉｓｔｅｎｕｉｓｃｖ．Ｐｕｔｅｒ）、午夜（Ｐｏａｐｒａｔｅｎｓｉｓｃｖ．Ｍｉｄｎｉｇｈｔ）、巴润（Ｐ．ｐｒａｔｅｎｓｉｓｃｖ．Ｂａｒｏｎ）、肯塔基（Ｐ．ｐｒａｔｅｎｓｉｓｃｖ．Ｋ．Ｂ．Ｇ．）、狗牙根（Ｃｙｎ－ｏｄｏｎｄａｃｔｙｌｏｎ）、坪用黑麦草（Ｌｏｌｉｕｍｐｅｒｅｎｎｅ）、丹迪（Ｌ．ｐｅｒｅｎｎｅｃｖ．Ｄａｄｙ）等。从而为陕西杨凌示范区建坪草种的选择奠定了基础。 相似文献
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8.
在连续放牧方式下,探索羊草的光合特性对不同放牧强度的响应,利用Ｌｉ-６４００便携式光合测定仪对呼伦贝尔羊草草原１个封育对照试验区和５个不同放牧强度试验区内羊草叶片的光合特性进行日变化测定,并与放牧强度（Ｒ）进行相关性分析。研究结果表明,８月１６日和９月２日,６个试验区内羊草叶片净光合速率（Ｐｎ）、蒸腾速率（Ｔｒ）、气孔导度（Ｇｓ）的日变化既有单峰曲线也有双峰曲线变化,而胞间ＣＯ２ 浓度（Ｃｉ）日变化呈Ｕ 字型。围封内羊草的Ｐｎ、Ｔｒ、Ｇｓ均高于放牧区;且羊草的Ｐｎ、Ｔｒ、Ｇｓ均随着放牧强度的增大而下降,Ｃｉ则升高;放牧强度越大,其降幅和增幅也越大。Ｐｎ、Ｔｒ、Ｇｓ与Ｒ 之间均呈显著的负相关关系（P＜０．０５）,Ｃｉ与Ｒ 呈显著的正相关关系（P＜０．０５）;而且６个放牧强度梯度下的Ｐｎ、Ｔｒ、Ｇｓ和Ｃｉ在２ｄ之间有极显著差异（P＜０．０１）。因此,放牧胁迫和水热条件对羊草的光合作用有抑制作用。 相似文献
9.
根据Ｉｗａｏ的抽样数模型，确定出门源草原毛虫（Ｇｙｎａｅｐｈｏｒａｍｅｎｙｕａｎｅｎｓｉｓ）的最适抽样数。当防治指标标为３０头／ｍ￣２时，序贯抽样的累积幼虫量界限公式为：Ｔ＿０（Ｎ）＝３０ｎ±２９．７１当ｔ＝１．６４，或Ｔ＿０（Ｎ）＝３０ｎ±３５．５１，当ｔ＝１．９６。在高寒草甸中，棋盘式抽样方法是随机取样幼虫和茧的最佳方式。 相似文献
10.
鸡场应激因素：影响与管理著者：Ｄｒ．ＧｒｅｇｏｒｉｏＲｏｓａｌｅｓ译者：孙荣华（青岛正大有限公司２６６１０９）译自：ＷａｔｔＰｕｂｌｉｓｈｉｎｇＣｏｎ１ｐａｎｙ：《ＷｏｒｌｄＳｕｍｍｉｔＣｏｆｅｒｅｎｃｅ－ＩｎｆｅｃｔｉｏｕｓｂｕｒｓａｌＤｉｓｅａｓ... 相似文献
11.
Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
12.
Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
13.
Waruiru RM Thamsborg SM Nansen P Kyvsgaard NC Bogh HO Munyua WK Gathuma JM 《Tropical animal health and production》2001,33(3):173-187
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round. 相似文献
14.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host. 相似文献
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16.
Evaluation of biohydrogenation rate of canola vs. soya bean seeds as unsaturated fatty acids sources for ruminants in situ 
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下载免费PDF全文 S. Pashaei T. Ghoorchi A. Yamchi 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(2):211-216
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed. 相似文献
17.
Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb
albumin
- ALT
alanine aminotransferase
- AST
aspartate aminotransferase
- BUN
blood urea nitrogen
- Chol
cholesterol
- Glob
globulin
- -GT
-glutamyl transpeptidase
- IP
inorganic phosphorus
- TP
total protein 相似文献
18.
A knowledge of the microbiological status of milk and of the different structures in the mammary glands has great importance
in elucidating the pathogenesis of mammary gland infections. The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiological
status of various structures in the mammary glands from naturally infected dairy cows following slaughter. A total of 94 samples
of milk, 184 samples of mammary parenchyma, 168 samples of gland cisterns, and 168 samples of teat cisterns were collected
for microbiological examination. Microorganisms were detected in 59.9% of all samples, 67.0% of the milk samples, 70.1% of
the mammary parenchymas, 55.9% of the gland cisterns and 48.8% of the teat cistern samples. When all samples were considered,
coagulase-negative Staphylococcus were the most prevalent (35.7%) followed by coagulase-positive Staphylococcus (12.2%), Corynebacterium bovis (2.4%), Prototheca sp. (1.9%), and Streptococcus dysgalactiae (1.5%). There was a significantly higher occurrence of microorganisms in the milk and mammary parenchyma compared to the
gland cisterns and teat cisterns.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
19.
Four grass plots were sequentially contaminated with goat faeces containing known numbers of unembryonated eggs of predominantly Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus spp. between October 1982 and April 1983. Four other plots were similarly contaminated with sheep faeces between February and May 1987. An additional plot was repeatedly contaminated with sheep faeces from February to April 1987. Populations of free-living stages in faeces and of infective larvae (L3) in the herbage were subsequently monitored until the end of April and June of 1983 and 1987 respectively. During February and May 1987 two control cultures of sheep faeces were incubated in the laboratory at 25°C–30°C and at a constant temperature of 50°C and the free-living development was also monitored. L3 developed very readily in the faeces cultured at 25°C–30°C and in those spread on a grass plot in October, at the end of the wet season, but developed less on the plot contaminated in May at the start of the wet season. Worm eggs in faeces deposited on plots during the hot dry season (December to April) or incubated at 50°C died and disintegrated after 24–48 h exposure to the high environmental temperatures. The results indicate that it is unlikely that gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep and goats can develop or survive on open pasture during the dry season in the Nigerian derived savanna zone. 相似文献
20.
Acute phase proteins in dogs naturally infected with the Giant Kidney Worm (Dioctophyme renale) 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Elizabeth M. S. Schmidt Mads Kjelgaard‐Hansen Funmilola Thomas Asta Tvarijonaviciute José J. Cerón P. David Eckersall 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2016,45(4):657-664