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杉木种子园无人机辅助授粉效果分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用六轴旋翼无人机(型号SH-X6-10B)进行杉木种子园辅助授粉试验,比较不同飞行高度、飞行速度、授粉介质、花粉与介质配比、不同授粉方法的杉木座果率及作业效率。结果表明:无人机距树梢6~8 m飞行高度授粉的杉木座果率最高,达65.0%;飞行速度2~3 m·s^-1授粉的杉木座果率最高,达67.2%;以滑石粉为授粉介质的杉木座果率最高,达66.0%;花粉与介质(滑石粉)配比1∶50授粉的杉木座果率最高,达66.1%;无人机辅助授粉的杉木座果率比人工辅助授粉提高46.0%,比自然授粉提高117.5%;无人机辅助授粉的山地作业效率是人工辅助授粉的33倍。 相似文献
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苹果的落果高峰每年主要有两次 ,一次是花后 1～ 2周 ,另一次是花后 3～ 6周 ,又称“6月落果”。主要原因是授粉、受精不充分 ,树体贮藏营养少 ,修剪不当造成。生长过旺以及干旱、春寒、冬季低温不足等影响同化养分的形成 ,从而引起落果。为提高苹果的座果率 ,针对每个果园的具体情况 ,我们试验和总结了几项花前、花后的管理技术措施 ,取得了明显效果。1 配置授粉树及高接授粉枝苹果属异花授粉植物 ,大多数苹果品种的自花结实率很低。如果授粉树配置不当 ,会造成授粉、受精不良 ,影响苹果的座果率及产量。没有授粉树或授粉品种配备不当以及… 相似文献
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Almond is often considered to be a moderately alternate-bearing species but historical yield data typically do not exhibit clear patterns of alternate bearing at the orchard level, while research has indicated that spurs (the main fruit bearing unit in almond trees) rarely produce fruit in two subsequent years. The objective of the present work was to analyze the bearing behavior of almond trees at both the orchard level and the individual spur level over multiple years to explain this apparent paradox. The 10-year yield patterns of three almond cultivars grown at three different sites within California were analyzed for tendencies of alternate bearing at the orchard level. At the individual spur level, data on spur viability, and number of flowers and fruits per spur were collected on 2400 individually tagged spurs that were observed over 6 years to characterize bearing at that level. At the orchard level one cultivar (Nonpareil) did exhibit a tendency for alternate bearing at one site (Kern) but other cultivars and sites did not. The orchard and the individual trees in which the spur population study was conducted showed tendencies for alternate bearing but the spur population did not. Only a relatively small percentage of the total tagged spur population bore fruit in any given year and therefore while individual fruiting spurs exhibited a high level of non-bearing after fruiting the previous year the spurs that did produce fruit in any year generally did not constitute enough of the total spur population to exhibit alternate bearing at the whole population level. Our results suggest that annual bearing fluctuations in almond are probably mainly due to year-to-year variations of parameters affecting fruit set and that high rates of fruit set in a given year may involve a larger-than-normal percentage of a spur population in fruit bearing. This would limit the size of the spur population available for flowering in the subsequent year and could cause alternate year bearing. However, from historical records, this would appear to be the exception rather than a normal circumstance. Therefore, almond should not be considered to be a strictly alternate-bearing species. 相似文献
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云雄是云南省林业科学院经济林研究所历时20多年选育出的板栗新品种,通过优株选择、无性系评比试验、物候观测、授粉试验、花粉生活力测定、区域化栽培试验、产量和品质测定等多年的栽培研究.结果表明,该品种坚果大、品质优、产量高.用其授粉,平均成实率高达87.4％,且对主栽品种坚果增重明显,增重幅度为4.9％～26.3％.用云雄花粉人工辅助授粉,较自然授粉平均每公顷增产396.5 kg,增产率18.5％;坚果平均增重1.43 g,增长率16.4％.因此,在板栗栽培中,选用云雄作为授粉品种,对提高产量和品质具有重要作用. 相似文献
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云雄是云南省林业科学院经济林研究所历时20多年选育出的板栗新品种,通过优株选择、无性系评比试验、物候观测、授粉试验、花粉生活力测定、区域化栽培试验、产量和品质测定等多年的栽培研究。结果表明,该品种坚果大、品质优、产量高。用其授粉,平均成实率高达87.4%,且对主栽品种坚果增重明显,增重幅度为4.9%～26.3%。用云雄花粉人工辅助授粉,较自然授粉平均每公顷增产396.5 kg,增产率18.5%;坚果平均增重1.43 g,增长率16.4%。因此,在板栗栽培中,选用云雄作为授粉品种,对提高产量和品质具有重要作用。 相似文献
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新疆扁桃结实率低的生理与分子机制 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为给生产上提高扁桃产量和品质而制订科学的栽培管理措施提供理论依据,针对新疆扁桃结实率低的问题,就扁桃的花芽分化、授粉受精、坐果和幼果发育的生物学特性及树体营养、激素等相关影响因素进行了3个国家自然科学基金项目的研究,结果基本摸清了新疆扁桃受精不亲和的生物学特性和分子机理及结实率低的生理机制;通过对新疆扁桃不同品种、类型... 相似文献
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1980—1987年在湖北省武昌、宜昌、巴东和陕西省城固等地的8个县(市)进行了油橄榄丰产栽培中间试验,总面积约133.3ha。结果表明,佛奥品种在各主要中试点生长发育良好,生态适应性强,花型优越(完全花百分率高达80—95％),具有一定的自交结果能力(自交座果率1.96—2.40％),果实品质好(果肉率79.0—79.2％),含油率高(干果44.08％,干果肉71.5—73.9％),早实丰产,适合作为主栽品种。城固32、莱星同佛奥品种花期一致,授粉可配性高(正、反交座果率分别为7.13—9.35％、10.64—11.25％),作为授粉品种和佛奥搭配种植可增加油撖榄园的产量。 相似文献
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日光节能温室内种植的矮甜李选择授粉方法是获得高产的关键。通过人工点授、自然授粉、室内放蜂、液体授粉 4种方法的对比 ,总结出 4种授粉方法的坐果率为人工点授 (3 1 .0 7% ) >室内放蜂 (2 1 % ) >液体授粉 (9.5 3 % ) >自然授粉 (0 .1 6% ) ,从试验结果看出 ,保护地种植矮甜李必须进行辅助授粉 ,否则无产量。从经济、快捷、简便的角度出发 ,以室内放蜂为最佳授粉方法 ,放蜂量为 1 0 0 0头 /棚。 相似文献