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取产蛋周龄分别为33周龄和55周龄种蛋，根据产蛋周龄、蛋重、蛋形指数分组，在相同孵化条件下孵化，结果表明33周龄种蛋孵化效果比55周龄种蛋孵化效果好，33周龄种蛋蛋重、蛋形指数对种蛋孵化率影响比55周龄大，因此认为接近平均蛋重和标准蛋形最好。 相似文献
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近年来有关孵化方面的报道大多数是蛋种鸡,而对肉种鸡种蛋孵化效果的报道甚少。为探讨肉种鸡不同产蛋周龄、不同蛋重、不同蛋形指数对孵化率的影响,我们进行了本次试验。1.试验材料供试种蛋采用北京市南口农场种鸡场饲养的艾维茵父母代种鸡所产种蛋。种蛋存放1天。种蛋收集后消毒一次,入库前进行分捡消毒处理,分组码盘预热后,再连同孵化器一并进行消毒。2.试验方法(1)分组试验一组选择产蛋周龄分别为33周龄和55周龄种蛋,每小组3000枚。试验二组选择33周龄和55周龄种蛋,根据蛋重分为4个小组。试验三组选择33周龄和55周龄种蛋,根据蛋形指数分… 相似文献
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蛋重对海赛克斯父母代种蛋孵化性能的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
种蛋大小与鸡的品种、周龄、营养水平和健康状况都有关系，而且同一品种、日龄的种鸡所产种蛋大小也有不同。那么种蛋蛋重对受精率、孵化率有何影响；遵循怎样的规律，种蛋孵化的最适蛋重应是多少呢搞清楚这个问题，对孵化水平和养鸡技术水平的提高具有积极的现实意义，同时能降低生产成本，产生一定的经济效益。为此，我们在实际生产中经观察、试验，测定了不同蛋重种蛋的孵化成绩，总结出一些规律。一、材料与方法1试验材料与设备：1种蛋选用某种鸡场同鸡舍同一批海赛克斯父母代蛋种鸡所产种蛋1 563枚。该批种鸡35周龄，采用三层… 相似文献
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《中国家禽》2017,(4)
种蛋入孵前的洗蛋工艺是番鸭巷道式孵化技术的关键环节之一,是影响番鸭孵化成绩的重要指标。研究旨在探讨番鸭孵化前洗蛋药水的适宜浓度,根据洗蛋药水浓度将不同产蛋时期种蛋分成0.12%组、0.16%组、0.20%组和0.24%组4个处理组。结果表明:番鸭产蛋前期种蛋较适宜的洗蛋药水浓度为0.16%~0.24%,4个处理组中孵化成绩最好的是0.24%组;产蛋中期种蛋较适宜的洗蛋药水浓度为0.12%~0.20%,孵化成绩最好的是0.16%组;产蛋后期种蛋较适宜的洗蛋药水浓度为0.16%~0.24%,4个处理组中孵化成绩最好的是0.24%组。由此建议:番鸭产蛋前期和产蛋后期种蛋可同期混合洗蛋,洗蛋浓度设置为0.24%;产蛋中期种蛋单独洗蛋,洗蛋浓度设置为0.16%。 相似文献
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【目的】研究饲粮中添加大豆异黄酮(soy isoflavone, SIF)对产蛋期黄羽肉种母鸡产蛋性能、蛋品质、繁殖器官发育、孵化性能和血浆生化指标的影响,为SIF在肉种母鸡养殖中的合理应用提供参考数据。【方法】选用192只健康且体重和产蛋率接近的岭南黄羽肉种母鸡(快大型,21周龄),分为4个处理,其中第1组为对照组(基础饲粮),第2～4组在基础饲粮中添加5、15、25 mg/kg SIF,每组6个重复,每个重复8只鸡,试验期从25周龄开始至35周龄结束,共10周。试验期间,按重复记录每天采食量、产蛋数、产蛋重;34～35周龄时,每组选取50枚种蛋孵化,测定孵化性能;35周龄时,每个组随机选取24枚种蛋进行蛋品质测定,每个重复选取2只试验鸡进行采血和样品采集,测定繁殖器官发育和血浆生化指标。【结果】SIF对黄羽肉种母鸡产蛋率、平均蛋重、日蛋重及料蛋比均无显著影响(P>0.05);饲粮中添加SIF可以显著降低不合格蛋率,其中25 mg/kg SIF组的不合格蛋率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。饲粮中添加SIF可以显著提高蛋壳强度和蛋黄颜色,其中5和25 mg/kg SIF组的... 相似文献
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《中国家禽》2021,(9)
为研究不同暗斑级别对笼养蛋鸡种蛋孵化性能的影响,试验从55周龄矮小白鸡和洛岛白鸡群体中收集300个种蛋(150个/系)。存放5 d后将两个品种种蛋按照暗斑严重程度分为4级并入孵,对孵化过程中不同级别暗斑蛋的失水率、孵化指标和出壳雏鸡的器官指数等进行了比较。结果表明,4级暗斑蛋孵化第10、17天失水率显著高于1级、2级和3级(P0.05),暗斑性状对种蛋孵化率有一定影响,但未达到显著水平(P0.05);在一定范围内,2个品系中暗斑级别越高,存在肠道指数越大的趋势(P0.05),并且暗斑级别与矮小白鸡肝脏指数、洛岛白鸡心脏指数存在一定关系。研究结果揭示暗斑对矮小白鸡和洛岛白鸡两个品系的种蛋失水率和出雏后器官指数有显著影响。 相似文献
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为探讨NFATc3在生长速度差异较大的2个品种鸡生长发育早期不同表型肌肉中的表达规律,利用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测清远麻鸡(慢生型)和隐性白羽鸡(速生型)三种表型肌肉(腓肠肌外侧头、比目鱼肌和趾长伸肌)NFATc3 mRNA在0、1、3、5、7、9周龄时的表达情况。结果发现:2个鸡品种中三种表型肌肉均呈现先下降后上升再下降的趋势,除隐性白羽鸡的腓肠肌外侧头、比目鱼肌外,2个鸡品种中其他表型肌肉的表达量均在2周龄最低;趾长伸肌和比目鱼肌NFATc3 mRNA的表达峰值在清远麻鸡中出现在3周龄,而在隐性白羽鸡中三种表型肌肉的表达峰值均出现在0周龄;总体而言,NFATc3 mRNA在比目鱼肌中的表达量要低于其在趾长伸肌和腓肠肌外侧头中的表达量;品种间比较发现,NFATc3 mRNA在清远麻鸡三种表型肌肉的表达量在3周龄时高于隐性白羽鸡。研究结果提示,鸡肌肉NFATc3表达发育模式具有品种、年龄和表型特异性,并可能与鸡肉品质存在关联。 相似文献
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1. The effects of the age of male and female broiler breeders on fertility, hatchability and sexual behaviour were determined in two 2x2 factorial experiments. In the 1st, male and female birds 27 to 29 and 35 to 37 weeks and in the 2nd at 35 to 37 and 55 to 57 weeks of age were compared. 2. Fertility was not affected by the age of the males or females. 3. Early embryo deaths were higher and hatchability of fertile eggs was lower in eggs from females aged 27 to 29 and 55 to 57 weeks compared with eggs from birds aged 35 to 37 weeks. 4. There were no differences in male display behaviours at any age. The number of observed matings were higher in young males 27 to 29 weeks old compared with males 35 to 37 and 55 to 57 weeks of age. There were no detectable differences in the responses of the females to the males at different ages. 5. Plasma testosterone concentration in males increased from 24 to 30 weeks of age and was relatively constant from 36 to 60 weeks. Plasma oestrogen in females was high at 24 and lowest at 30 weeks of age after which it increased. 6. The results suggest that there may be little difference in the fertility of male and female broiler breeders at different ages when body weight is adequately controlled to at least 60 weeks of age. 相似文献
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A. S. Elmehdawi M. A. Hall P. A. Skewes D. L. Wicker D. V. Maurice 《British poultry science》2016,57(6):848-854
Two experiments, which differed in breeder age, strain and season, were conducted to study the influence of low-intensity, short-duration thermal stimuli during the late phase of incubation on hatchability and performance. The first experiment conducted in April–June used eggs from Cobb × Ross broiler breeders at 35–41 weeks of age and the second experiment performed in February–April used eggs from Hubbard × Cobb broiler breeders at 49–53 weeks of age.
Eggs in the test group had the same physical environment as eggs in the control group except that incubation temperature was increased by 1?C for 2 h/d above the control group from 18 to 20 d of incubation (DI).
The results demonstrated that thermal stimulation of 1?C for 2 h/d above control incubation temperature during 18–21DI did not have any adverse effects on hatch and post-hatch performance of broilers.
In both experiments, treatment did not significantly alter the secondary sex ratio in hatched chickens, but hatch residue showed that the proportion of unhatched male embryos was significantly lower in the test groups than in the control groups.
In the first experiment, thermal stimulation improved feed conversion by 1.82% compared with the control.
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将308只淮南麻黄鸡按照20周龄体重以100g为组距从小到大分为5组,分析各体重组与开产蛋重及产蛋前期产蛋率、蛋重和种蛋合格率之间的关系,以确定淮南麻黄鸡20周龄体重的适宜选择标准.结果表明,20周龄体重与开产蛋重呈正相关,在22～35周龄,第3和4组的产蛋率增幅最大,维持时间较长;第1、2、3和4组蛋重增加比较平稳,第5组平均蛋重比第1、2和3组分别高11.05％、9.72％和8.61％(P＜0.05);第3和4组的平均种蛋合格率较高,第3组的平均种蛋合格率比第1组高5.18％(P＜0.05).总体而言,第3和4组能够提供较多的合格种蛋数,淮南麻黄鸡的20周龄体重宜控制在1241～1 440 g之间. 相似文献
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选择用笼养和平养两种育雏方式对不同品种1日龄雏鸡进行饲养,试验设计分处理组与对照组,试验组为笼养育雏,对照组为平面育雏,都以煤炉作为育雏保温源.每处理10个重复,每重复120只鸡,试验全期记录鸡的采食量、疾病发生率,并分别在第10、20、30日龄时,称取每重复体重,计算处理组保温成本(煤耗费用)、日增重、料肉比、生长均匀度、疾病发生率等指标.结果显示,与平养育雏相比,30日龄时笼养育雏4个品种(青脚麻E、广西花鸡、广西土2号、新矮脚黄A)的保温费用分别减少0.12、0.24、0.30、0.12元,累积增重分别提高170 g(P＜0.05)、102 g (P＜0.05)、35 g(P＞0.05)、60 g(P＜0.05);料肉比分别降低0.23 (P＜0.05)、0.12(P＞0.05)、0.23 (P＜0.05)和0.21(P＜0.05);30日龄鸡群均匀度分别提高11％ (P＜0.05)、7％(P＞0.05)、9％(P＞0.05)、15％(P＜0.05);笼养育雏组未发生球虫病,呼吸道疾病发生率显著低于平养育雏.结果表明,笼养育雏显著降低成本,提高生产性能,是有效阻断疾病发生的科学育雏方式. 相似文献
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《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2006,15(4):579-583
In several countries, there is a well-developed market for Red-Legged partridge (Alectoris rufa) eggs for incubation. Although Red-Legged partridge eggs produced at game farms are sold with a guaranteed average hatchability, there is a marked seasonal variation in fertility and hatchability. Therefore, an average incubating hatchability value cannot be generalized across the whole breeding season. In this research, the influence that the laying date has upon the fertility and hatchability of incubated eggs and the hatchability of the fertile eggs incubated at a farm of Red-Legged partridge was analyzed. It was found that the laying date did indeed influence the fertility and hatchability of the incubated eggs. Fertility and hatchability were greater in the eggs set in the incubator between mid February and late March than those of the eggs set in late April and early May. Hatchability of fertile eggs was greater in the eggs set in the incubator in mid March and lower in the eggs set in late April. The higher values obtained during the middle of the laying period and the lower ones obtained at the end of the laying period cause the game farms’ need to inform their potential customers of the eggs’ expected hatchability as a function of their laying date. 相似文献
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A commercial infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) vaccine of the Massachusetts 41 strain was injected in embryonating chicken eggs on embryonation day (ED) 18. The IBV vaccine was pathogenic for embryos, and it was passaged in chicken kidney tissue culture to reduce the pathogenicity. At the 40th tissue culture passage (P40-IBV), the virus became apathogenic for the embryos. Maternal antibody-positive or -negative chicks hatching from eggs injected with P40-IBV developed antibody to IBV and were protected against challenge exposure at 4 weeks of age with virulent Massachusetts 41 IBV. Although P40-IBV protected chicks when administered on ED 18, this virus did not protect chicks well if given at hatch. When combined with the turkey herpesvirus (HVT), P40-IBV given on ED 18 did not interfere with the protection against challenge exposure with virulent Marek's disease virus, nor did the presence of HVT interfere with protection by P40-IBV. Thus, under laboratory conditions, IBV vaccine could be combined with HVT to form a bivalent embryonal vaccine. 相似文献
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M M Shanawany 《British poultry science》1984,25(4):449-455
A clear positive correlation was evident between egg weight at setting and embryo weight at 18 d of incubation for eggs laid at or after 32 weeks of age. The weight of embryos from the same size eggs were found to depend upon a curvilinear function of the age of parent flock, with the largest increase in embryo weight occurring between 28 and 32 weeks of age. Hatching weight was highly correlated with egg size at setting. Flock age had no effect on hatching weight from a particular sized egg. Within any of the five ages studied, chicks from smaller eggs tended to hatch slightly (but not significantly) earlier than those from larger eggs. 相似文献