Competitive effects of dense herbaceous vegetation (ground cover) can inhibit forest restoration on mine sites. Here we review the evidence of ground cover interactions with planted tree seedlings on coal surface mines of the eastern US, discuss recent research into these interactions, and draw conclusions concerning ground cover management when restoring forests on reclaimed coal mines. Reclaimed mine sites have a high potential to support productive forests, however forest establishment is inhibited by reclamation practices that included soil compaction, and the seeding of competitive ground covers. In the first few years after tree planting, a dense ground cover of grass and legume species commonly seeded on mine sites often affect growth and survival negatively. Herbaceous vegetation providing less extensive and competitive ground coverage may either facilitate or inhibit tree establishment, depending on site conditions. The use of quality planting stock promotes the competitive ability of seedlings by improving nutrient status and the ability to capture available resources. Herbaceous species have contrasting functional characteristics, and thus compete differently with trees for available resources. Negative interactions with trees are more frequently reported for non-native cool-season grasses than for native warm-season grasses, while the effects of legumes change over time. Further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms of tree/ground cover interactions. The development of seeding mixes that can control erosion, facilitate survival and growth of planted trees, and allow establishment by unplanted native species would aid forest restoration on eastern US, coal mines.
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共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 203 毫秒
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匍枝委陵菜为多年生匍匐草本,野生于阴湿草地、水泉旁边及疏林下。文章介绍了匍枝委陵菜的主要形态特征,并就其在园林中的应用和日常栽培养护管理方法进行了总结。 相似文献
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试验采用人工践踏法模拟生活中人为践踏对地被植物的影响,以4种不同的践踏程度（对比、轻度、中度和重度）作为试验变量,从形态和生理两方面指标综合评定匍枝委陵菜、紫花地丁、金叶过路黄和垂盆草4种植物的耐践踏能力。研究表明：（1）经盖度变化指标分析,4种植物耐践踏能力为金叶过路黄〉匍枝委陵菜〉紫花地丁〉垂盆草;（2）经叶绿素含量变化指标分析,4种植物耐践踏能力为匍枝委陵菜〉垂盆草〉金叶过路黄〉紫花地丁;（3）经地上生物量变化指标分析,4种植物耐践踏能力为金叶过路黄〉匍枝委陵菜〉紫花地丁〉垂盆草;（4）经丙二醛（MDA）含量变化指标分析,4种植物耐践踏能力为紫花地丁〉匍枝委陵菜〉金叶过路黄〉垂盆草。基于以上结果得出,4种地被植物的耐践踏性排序为：金叶过路黄〉匍枝委陵菜〉紫花地丁〉垂盆草。 相似文献
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通过对棋盘山4种地被植物进行不同程度遮光处理,测定其生理、形态和光合指标,对其耐阴性进行研究。结果表明:在全光照条件下,鹅绒委陵菜和野罂粟长势最好;在全光照和遮光30%条件下,匍枝委陵菜生长最旺盛;在全光照条件下和60%遮光条件下,剪秋罗生长得最好。 相似文献
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安徽产委陵菜属四种可食用野菜的成分分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
安徽产委陵菜属（Potentilla L.）4种可食用野菜植物：委陵菜（Potentilla chinenisis L.）、翻白草（Potentilla discolor L.）、朝天委陵菜（Potentilla supina L.）和三叶朝天委陵菜（Potentilla supinavar.ternata L.）,对它们进行了粗蛋白、维生素C、水分、灰分及部分矿质元素（Ca、Mg、Zn、Cu、Pb）的测定。结果表明,安徽委陵菜属4种野菜的营养成分较丰富,尤其是Vc含量均较高,每100g鲜样含Vc量在45.99～92.16mg之间,其中,朝天委陵菜中维生素C的含量最高;但四种野菜Pb含量均超标,三叶朝天委陵菜和委陵菜Cu含量超标。 相似文献
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美国柔枝松研究现状及其应用前景 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
文章主要阐述了柔枝松在美国的研究现状及其在我国引进应用的前景.柔枝松(Pinus flexilis James.)又名五针松、落基山白松,是北美洲西部分布最广泛的松属树种之一.其生境干旱,能够耐干旱、耐寒和耐瘠薄,能适应多种土壤,还能抗强风,适应性很强,也是先锋树种.柔枝松早期苗木生长缓慢,但具优良的生物学特性,遗传多样性较高,不同种源、家系(包括无性系)的柔枝松在树冠特征、根系分布、树高及胸径生长、抗逆性(耐寒、耐旱、耐瘠薄等)等方面都有很大的差异.该树种也是一种经济价值较高、具有开发前景的优良树种.因此,在我国北方地区,特别是在西北及华北地区引种柔枝松,具有非常广阔的应用前景. 相似文献
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野生观赏木本植物大叶胡颓子驯化及开发利用研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
大叶胡颓子(Elaeagnus macrphylla Thunb)常绿阔叶拱形灌木,是青岛滨海、岛屿优良野生观赏木本植物。作者对其分布及生境进行了调查,研究探索了扦插、播种、分蘖3种繁殖技术及多点栽培试验,进行了子代繁育、栽培,实现了人工栽培驯化成功。经研究,大叶胡颓子抗海风、海雾能力特强。根系发达,耐瘠薄,对土壤要求不严、抗病虫。大叶胡颓子四季常绿,匍枝优美,花芳香宜人,硕果奇特,色泽美观,是叶、枝、花、果俱佳的观赏植物。尤其在北方沿海地区冬季阔叶常绿树种稀少,大叶胡颓子在城镇植物景观建设及沿海防护林营造,荒山裸岩绿化等方面,具有较广的应用前景。 相似文献
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疣枝桦是阿勒泰地区广泛分布的乡土树种,文章简要介绍了疣枝桦在阿勒泰地区的分布、生物学特性以及播种繁殖过程,其中包括采种、种子处理、播种前的整地、播种、苗期管理等。文章阐述了疣枝桦育苗技术措施,在生产实践中具有较强的可操作性。 相似文献
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Invasive plants are one of the greatest threats to endangered insect species and a major threat to Lepidoptera in eastern North America. We investigated the effects of the invasive shrub Chinese privet (Ligustrum sinense) and two methods (mulching or hand-felling) of removing it from riparian forests on butterfly communities and compared them to untreated, heavily invaded control plots and to “desired future condition” forests that never had extensive privet cover. Privet mulching resulted in nearly twice as many butterflies as privet felling and both treatments had more butterflies two years after privet removal than untreated control plots. Butterfly communities on control plots differed from those on the two treatments and the desired future condition forests. A number of forest characteristics were evaluated but only herbaceous plant cover (excluding privet) was positively correlated with butterfly abundance, diversity and evenness. The Carolina satyr, Hermeuptychia sosybius, was the best indicator of forests where privet had never invaded. Removing Chinese privet from riparian forests in the southeastern United States greatly improved forest habitats for butterflies and evidence suggests that butterfly communities in other temperate forests could benefit from removal of extensive shrub layers dominated by a single species. 相似文献
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Franklin Jennifer A. Zipper Carl E. Burger James A. Skousen Jeffrey G. Jacobs Douglass F. 《New Forests》2012,43(5-6):905-924
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Over the last few decades, the use of forests both by Sámi reindeer herders and for commercial forestry has been a source of increasing conflict in northern Sweden. Forestry disturbs forest ecosystems and thus damages reindeer pastures, especially those rich in ground lichen, for which reindeer forage during the wintertime by digging through the snow. Despite increased communication between the two groups, the Sámi still feel that their interests are not adequately considered by the commercial forestry sector. This paper presents the results of an interdisciplinary study that comprised semi-directed interviews and participant observations. The objective was to understand the Sámi reindeer herders’ extensive ecological knowledge of winter forest pastures, and the characteristics they observe when managing this resource. The study also analysed specific terminology used by the Sámi herders, to describe, analyse and communicate these properties. These terms, as well as Sámi herder knowledge in general, emphasize the importance of snow cover for reindeer grazing in forest pastures, as well as the effects of forest structure and ground vegetation on variations in snow cover during the winter. Whereas the Western use of the word ‘pasture’ is often associated with a specific plant community, the Sámi herders’ understanding of the word also includes the effect of snow on grazing and for this they use a culturally specific word in their language: guohtun. This term conveys the additional notion of whether it is possible for reindeer to access the pasture under the snow. Sámi herder knowledge and know-how allow them to use the mosaic of forest ecosystems to accommodate variability in snow cover during the wintertime, using different forest areas in response to different grazing conditions. Finally, the authors argue that, in order to promote the balanced, multiple use of boreal forest ecosystems, it is necessary to acknowledge and understand Sámi reindeer herders knowledge and thus to fully integrate their needs and aspirations. 相似文献
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The impacts of deforestation and land cover change upon underlying soils were examined on one hillside in central Armenia. Soil characteristics in three land cover areas—forest, coppice, and pasture—were recorded and soil samples were analyzed. Deforestation and land cover change were found to increase erosion rates. From soil horizon and structural characteristics, it can be estimated that 40 cm of soil have been lost in the pasture and 20 cm have been lost in the coppice compared to the forest. Soil organic carbon was also affected by deforestation and land cover change. Compared to the forest (4.7% organic carbon), both the coppice (3.7%) and the pasture (3.4%) had lower values. Phosphorus, potassium, and nitrogen content varied and may have been affected by erosion, animal deposition, differing amounts of vegetative residues present, differing organic matter decomposition rates, and differing hydrological processes. Deforestation was also found to change the species composition of seedlings and saplings in the coppice in comparison to the forest, reducing oak numbers and increasing hornbeam recruitment. 相似文献
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