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Katleen Vanschandevijl Heidi Nollet Kristl Vonck Rorecht Raedt Paul Boon DirkVan Roost Ann Martens Piet Deprez 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2011,189(3):346-348
The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of implanting an existing vagus nerve stimulating (VNS) electrode around the recurrent laryngeal nerve. The stimulus response characteristics required to achieve abduction of the ipsilateral arytenoid by the VNS electrode in the normal horse could then be determined. The electrode was wound around the left recurrent laryngeal nerve at the cervical level and connected to a pulse generator. Stimulus response characteristics were obtained by measuring stimulated arytenoid displacement endoscopically in the standing, non-sedated horse. A full and sustained abduction of the arytenoid was obtained with a stimulation frequency of 25 Hz and intensity of 1 mA with a pulse width of 250 μs. 相似文献
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Saunders GK 《Veterinary pathology》2007,44(2):253-254
An 11-year-old, male, neutered Cavalier King Charles spaniel was euthanatized because of recurrent seizures and inflammatory bowel disease. An incidental finding at necropsy was the presence of bilateral, firm, white nodules across the petrosal crest of the skull. Microscopically, the nodules were composed of normal myelinated nerve fibers within a mucinous stroma. A diagnosis of cranial nerve hamartoma was made. 相似文献
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James F X Wellehan Cornelia I Gunkel David Kledzik Sheilah A Robertson Darryl J Heard 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2006,37(3):405-408
As part of a clinical workup of dental problems in a large crocodilian collection, mandibular nerve blocks were performed in the animals. A nerve locator was used to facilitate placement of the nerve blocks in American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis), Yacare caiman (Caiman yacare), and a dwarf crocodile (Osteolaemus tetraspis). Provision of analgesia is a frequently underused aspect of patient care in reptiles. Use of a nerve stimulator provides an objective measurement of nerve conduction blockade and may be useful in exotic species in which anatomic landmarks for nerve block placement are not well established. 相似文献
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Peroneal nerve paralysis in a heifer developed during an 11-day period of recumbency following dystocia. The condition did not improve during the next 42 days and the heifer was slaughtered. On the basis of microscopic findings, it was concluded that 3 to 4 months would have been required to reestablish normal limb function. 相似文献
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Bilateral optic nerve hypoplasia in a colt 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
K N Gelatt H W Leipold J R Coffman 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1969,155(4):627-631
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J T Ernest 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1976,168(2):125-128
A 6-week-old Beagle failed to respond to visual stimulation. Examination revealed fixed dilated pupils and hypoplasia of both optic disks. Results of electroretinography were normal. Radiography of the skull revealed small optic nerve foramina. Histologically, the outer layers of the retinas were normal, the retinal ganglion cells were scarce, and the nerve fiber layers, optic nerves, and optic chiasm were hypoplastic. 相似文献
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A tumor within the right globe in a 9-year-old Shetland sheepdog was examined pathologically. The tumor was composed of spindle or oval cells arranged in interwoven bundles with intervening collagenous or mucinous matrices. Immunohistochemically, the tumor bound antibody directed to S-100 protein and vimentin, but not to desmin, actin smooth muscle, or neurofilament. Electron microscopy revealed that the tumor cells had poorly developed cytoplasmic processes, desmosomes between closely contiguous cells, and a discontinuous basement membrane-like material. Based on these findings, the tumor was diagnosed as a peripheral nerve sheath tumor (PNST) histologically. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of intraocular PNST in dogs. 相似文献
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S. Schön M. Wehrli Eser P. R. Kircher T. Sydler H. Augsburger S. Ohlerth K. Beckmann A. E. Fürst 《Equine Veterinary Education》2019,31(2):80-87
A 17-month-old Warmblood filly was referred to our clinic for evaluation of congenital facial nerve (FN) paralysis. Clinical examination revealed a right-sided facial paralysis with mild masticatory muscle atrophy, mild dysphagia and exposure keratitis. Apart from the FN deficits, neurological examination of the remaining cranial nerves showed no abnormalities. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination using a 3.0 Tesla scanner showed that in comparison to the left FN, the intracranial section of the right FN between the pons and internal acoustic canal was thinner, whereas it appeared indistinct and thickened within the internal acoustic canal and facial canal. Signs of meningitis or encephalitis were not present on MRI. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed mild pleocytosis. The owner of the filly requested euthanasia due to the guarded prognosis. At necropsy, the intracranial section of the right FN was macroscopically thinner than the left side and within the facial canal, a 5 mm tissue stump could be identified with an absent extracranial part of the right FN. Histological examination of the brain stem showed different architecture of the left and right motor nuclei of the FN: in the left nucleus, motor neurons of a normal size and well stainable Nissl bodies were present, whereas in the right nucleus, neurons with Nissl bodies were decreased in number and size. Further, a cytoplasmic rich cell population with a nucleus size compatible with normal neurons was present. These cells were suspected to be atrophic neurons. The tissue stump within the facial canal was histologically identified as connective tissue. Unilateral malformation of the FN has not previously been described in the horse. This filly showed a right-sided, intracranial hypoplasia accompanied by an extracranial aplasia of the FN causing complete, congenital facial nerve paralysis, which corresponded to a difference in the architecture of the affected motor nucleus of the FN. 相似文献
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Marina L. Leis M. Elyse Salpeter Bianca S. Bauer Dale L. Godson Bruce H. Grahn 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2017,20(4):365-371
A 15‐year‐old, neutered male, Shih Tzu cross developed progressive corneal stromal thickening and vascularization of the right eye, and 5 months later, of the left eye. Both eyes became blind due to extensive corneal opacification and were enucleated. Light microscopic examination revealed a diffuse corneal infiltrate of neoplastic mesenchymal cells, and immunohistochemistry revealed diffuse cytoplasmic vimentin immunoreactivity and variable cytoplasmic and nuclear immunoreactivity for S100 in the neoplastic cells. Transmission electron microscopy revealed desmosomes between contiguous cells, thread‐like cytoplasmic processes coated with basement membrane, extracellular bundles of collagen, and axonal degeneration consistent with features of a nerve sheath neoplasm. This is the first report of primary, bilateral corneal nerve sheath sarcoma in a canine. 相似文献
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Elizabeth Curto Alison B Clode Jessica Durrant Keith W Montgomery Brian C Gilger 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2016,19(6):518-524
A 1‐year‐old male castrated Pug was referred for unilateral exophthalmos unresponsive to oral antibiotic and anti‐inflammatory therapy. Clinical findings included exophthalmos of the left eye with lateral strabismus, resistance to retropulsion, and an elevated nictitans. Hematologic and biochemical analyses were within normal limits. Findings following computed tomography (CT) of the head included an expansile retrobulbar soft tissue mass with bony lysis extending into the left nasal cavity and nasopharynx. Ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspirates and biopsy samples obtained via rhinoscopy were nondiagnostic. Palliative exenteration was elected; the patient was euthanized 13 weeks following exenteration due to development of neurologic signs and perceived poor quality of life. The histopathologic diagnosis was a malignant pigmented peripheral nerve sheath tumor. 相似文献
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A. Kullmann J. V. Marteniuk M. R. Williams S. J. Holcombe F. M. Mowat T. P. Mullaney 《Equine Veterinary Education》2014,26(10):523-526
This report describes an unusual case of acute blindness following traumatic head injury in a mature horse. The horse fell over backwards and subsequently presented with bilateral blindness and epistaxis. Vision did not return following medical supportive therapy and euthanasia was elected. Post mortem findings revealed a basisphenoid fracture and bilateral optic nerve avulsion rostral to the optic chiasm, an uncommon presentation of traumatic blindness not previously reported in the horse. 相似文献
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A 3-year-old, castrated male Pekingese was examined 2 days after automobile-induced trauma. Multiple pelvic injuries and visual deficits in the right eye were identified. During a subsequent postmortem examination, multiple pelvic fractures were confirmed; however, there was no evidence of head injury. Both globes were bilaterally symmetrical and grossly normal. The intraorbital and intracranial portions of the right optic nerve were threadlike and rudimentary in appearance, while the left optic nerve was grossly normal. Moderate dilatation of the left lateral ventricle was noted. Microscopically the right optic nerve and left nerve tract contained few identifiable nerve fibers. The right optic disc was depressed, and there was thinning of the optic nerve fiber and ganglion cell layers of the retina. No microscopic abnormalities were evident in the left optic nerve, optic disc, retina and right optic tract. The histologic changes in the right eye are consistent with optic nerve hypoplasia. The relationship between the optic nerve/optic tract lesions and the hydrocephalus is unknown. 相似文献