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1.
Mitochondrial DNA is a major cellular target for a dihydrodiol-epoxide derivative of benzo[a]pyrene 总被引：19，自引：0，他引：19
When mammalian cell cultures are exposed for 2 hours to (+/-)-7 beta, 8 alpha-dihydroxy-9 alpha, 10 alpha-epoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene, a mutagenic and carcinogenic derivative of benzo[a]pyrene, the extent of covalent modificationof mitochondrial DNA is 40 to 90 times greater than that of nuclear DNA. Evidence is presented that this reflects the lipophilic character of the derivative and the very high ratio of lipid to DNA in mitochondria. These results suggest that mitochondrial DNA may be an important cellular target of chemical carcinogens. 相似文献
2.
beta-Glucuronidase catalyzed hydrolysis of benzo(a)pyrene-3-glucuronide and binding to DNA 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
beta-Glucuronidase catalyzes the hydrolysis of benzo[a]pyrene-3-glucuronide to 3-hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene. During the enzymatic hydrolysis, a benzo[a]pyrene derivative is formed which binds to DNA to a far greater extent than either the 3-hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene or its glucuronide. These results suggest that conjugates of benzo(a)pyrene may be converted by beta-glucuronidase at intracellular and organ sites distal to the initial sites of oxygenation and conjugation of benzo(a)pyrene to activated intermediates that are possibly carcinogenic. 相似文献
3.
Induction of benzo( )pyrene hydroxylase in human skin 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Foreskins from children who were circumcised 2 to 4 days after birth contain an enzyme system that hydroxylates the carcinogen benzo[alpha]pyrene. When foreskin was cultured for 16 hours in the presence of 10 micromolar benz[alpha]anthracene, a two- to fivefold increase in activity of benzo[alpha]pyrene hydroxylase was obtained. An evaluation of the basal activity and inducibility of carcinogen-metabolizing enzymes in human tissues may provide a means of determining the ability of different individuals to metabolize carcinogens. 相似文献
4.
Benzo(a)pyrene metabolites: efficient and rapid separation by high-pressure liquid chromatography 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
High-pressure liquid chromatography can separate eight metabolites of benzo[a] pyrene formed by rat liver microsomes. This method offers major advantages over previous techniques used for the separation of oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. 相似文献
5.
Binding of benzo[a]pyrene 7,8-diol-9,10-epoxides to DNA, RNA, and protein of mouse skin occurs with high stereoselectivity 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
M Koreeda P D Moore P G Wislocki W Levin H Yagi D M Jerina 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1978,199(4330):778-781
The formation, stereostructure, and cellular reactions of the 7,8-diol-9,10-epoxide metabolites of the carcinogen benzo[a]pyrene have been examined after topical application of benzo[a]pyrene to the skin of mice. In this known target tissue, polymer adducts from diastereomeric diol epoxides, (+)-(7S, 8R, 9R, 10R) and (+)-(7R, 8S, 9R, 10R), were formed stereospecifically from their corresponding 7,8-dihydrodiols. Both diol epoxides bind with proteins, RNA, and DNA in vivo. For the nucleic acids, binding occurs preferentially at the 2-amino group of guanine in cellular RNA and DNA in vivo. Methods for establishing the structure of the cellular adducts as well as the possible biological implications of their formation are discussed. 相似文献
6.
Industrial air pollution: possible effect on lung cancer 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Higher lung cancer mortality rates occurred in males living in certain heavily industrialized areas of Los Angeles County, California. These areas were characterized by elevated concentrations of benzo[a]pyrene and other polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons of primarily industrial origin in the soil and air. 相似文献
7.
以长沙市望城区集中式饮用水源地一级和二级保护区周边0～20 cm土壤为研究对象,于2018年采用网格布点法在一级和二级保护区分别布设3个(1#～3#)和12个(4#～15#)采样点,其中11#～15#采样点于2014年布设,探究土壤中苊(Ace)、苊烯(Acy)、蒽(Ant)、菲(Phe)、芴(Flu)、苯并[a]蒽(BaA)、芘(Pyr)、屈(Chr)、荧蒽(Fla)、苯并[a]芘(BaP)、苯并[b]荧蒽(BbF)、苯并[k]荧蒽(BkF)、二苯并[a,h]蒽(DBA)、苯并[g,h,i]苝(BghiP)、茚并[1,2,3–c,d]芘(IcdP)共15种多环芳烃(PAHs)的污染水平及来源,运用毒性当量浓度值及终生癌症风险增量模型对土壤中PAHs进行风险评价。结果表明:水源地保护区土壤中15种PAHs总含量为75.22～5 617.86 ng/g,均值为670.96 ng/g,其中7种致癌PAHs(BaA、Chr、BbF、BkF、BaP、DBA、IcdP)的含量为12.13～2 989.26 ng/g,均值为319.80 ng/g;2#和4#土壤样品中多环芳烃均为中度污染,12#土壤样品中多环芳烃为重度污染,其他点位土壤均处于轻度污染或未受污染;荧蒽、芘、菲是水源地保护区土壤中的主要污染因子;除一级保护区土壤中芴含量稍高于二级保护区外,水源地一级保护区土壤中其余14种PAHs单体含量均低于二级保护区;除12#点位样品外,其他点位样品土壤中3环和4环PAHs占比均大于60%;采用特征比值法分析污染物来源,显示水源地一级保护区土壤中PAHs主要来源于石油源和燃烧源的混合污染,主要受区域内交通因素与上游工业、生活废弃物中PAHs迁移与沉降影响,二级保护区土壤中PAHs主要来源于石油源和生物质、煤燃烧的混合污染,可能与区域内人为活动和交通因素有关;健康风险评价结果表明,水源地一级和二级保护区土壤中PAHs的总致癌风险值均在10~(–6)～10~(–4),存在潜在健康风险。 相似文献
8.
R C Grafstrom A J Fornace H Autrup J F Lechner C C Harris 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1983,220(4593):216-218
Cultured bronchial epithelial and fibroblastic cells from humans were used to study DNA damage and toxicity caused by formaldehyde. Formaldehyde caused the formation of cross-links between DNA and proteins, caused single-strand breaks in DNA, and inhibited the resealing of single-strand breaks produced by ionizing radiation. Formaldehyde also inhibited the unscheduled DNA synthesis that occurs after exposure of cells to ultraviolet irradiation or to benzo[a]pyrene diolexpoxide but at doses substantially higher than those required to inhibit the resealing of x-ray-induced single-strand breaks. Therefore, formaldehyde could exert its mutagenic and carcinogenic effects by both damaging DNA and inhibiting DNA repair. 相似文献
9.
Atmospheric reactions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: facile formation of mutagenic nitro derivatives 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
J N Pitts K A Van Cauwenberghe D Grosjean J P Schmid D R Fitz W L Belser G P Knudson P M Hynds 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1978,202(4367):515-519
Directly active mutagens are formed on exposure of the promutagen benzo[a]pyrene to gaseous pollutants in smog. In simulated atmospheres containing 1 part per million nitrogen dioxide and traces of nitric acid, directly mutagenic nitro derivatives are readily formed from both benzo[a]pyrene and perylene, a non-mutagen in the Ames reversion assay. Possible formation of direct mutagens by such reactions on sample collection filters, in exhaust effluents, and in the atmosphere should be recognized. 相似文献
10.
陈昆燕 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2014,40(2):144-147
选择红花大金元B3F、C3F、X2F 烟叶,对打叶复烤各工序卷烟主流烟气氢氰酸、苯并[a]芘和巴豆醛释放量进行研究。结果表明：各工序上部烟叶卷烟样品的HCN释放量最高,下部烟叶的最低,一润工序较处理前较大幅度提高了上部烟叶氢氰酸释放量;二润工序与一润工序相比,下部烟叶苯并[a]芘释放量降低9.36%;复烤工序与二润工序相比,下部烟叶巴豆醛释放量降低14.96%,中部烟叶苯并[a]芘释放量降低17.29%。综合结果,上部烟叶各工序间样品的主流烟气3种物质的变化强度都明显高于下部烟叶。 相似文献
11.
土壤和植物样品的多环芳烃分析方法研究 总被引：19，自引：10，他引：19
采用超声提取的前处理方法并结合HPLC/UV分离和分析技术,研究了土壤和植物样品的多环芳烃(PAHs)分析方法。结果表明,植物样品中供试6种PAHs的方法回收率为76.00%￣103.1%,相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于4.1%。土壤样品(干土或湿土,湿土含水量为50%田间持水量)中6种PAHs的方法回收率均高于85%,RSD则低于3.1%;但干土的方法回收率要高于湿土,RSD则比湿土略低。所建立的分析方法具有操作简单、省时的优点,有可接受的回收率和较好的重复性,可用于污染土壤和植物样品的PAHs检测分析。 相似文献
12.
呼和浩特周边农田土壤中多环芳烃污染特征与生态风险评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
[目的]为呼和浩特市农田土壤污染预警和农业规划用地提供科学理论依据.[方法]对呼和浩特市农田土壤60个采样点位中15种多环芳烃进行污染特征、 来源解析和生态风险评价.[结果]ΣPAHs含量范围为114~948μg/kg,平均含量为338μg/kg,参照相关研究评价标准判定,呼和浩特市农田土壤中70%以上属于轻微污染,不存在严重污染点位;研究区农田土壤中高分子量多环芳烃污染占总含量的74%,以近郊农田土壤污染最为严重;定量解析来源主要是煤、焦炭和木材的燃烧以及汽车尾气的排放.[结论]采用生态效应区间法评价和苯并(a)芘毒性等效当量法评价均证明呼和浩特市农田土壤存在一定的潜在生态风险,其中苯并[a]芘、二苯并[a,h]蒽等高分子量多环芳烃是主要潜在的污染物. 相似文献
13.
Pitts JN Lokensgard DM Ripley PS VAN Cauwenberghe KA VAN Vaeck L Shaffer SD Thill AJ Belser WL 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1980,210(4476):1347-1349
Benzo[a]pyrene deposited on a glass fiber filter reacts rapidly in the dark or light with ambient levels of ozone to yield a mixture of products that display strong direct mutagenicity in the Ames assay. The major stable contributor to this activity has been identified as benzo[a]pyrene-4,5-oxide, a DNA-binding metabolite in biological systems, known to be a strong direct mutagen with Salmonella typhimurium strain TA98. 相似文献
14.
以油田外围未受污染的羊草作对照,分析了大庆油田开采区受落地原油污染的草原土壤及其上生长的羊草中的挥发酚、石油烃、芳烃和苯并[a]芘4种污染物的质量分数。结果表明,受到石油污染后,土壤中石油污染物质量分数可以达到土壤背景值的几十倍,污染的和清洁对照的羊草中4种污染物质量分数的差异极显著。在低背景值情况下,挥发酚和苯并[a]芘在羊草中的残留率分别达到13.54%和6.87%。污染羊草中的挥发酚、石油烃和苯并[a]芘3种污染物的残留量与土壤中的质量分数之间有着显著的线性关系。 相似文献
15.
Human dioxin-inducible cytochrome P1-450: complementary DNA and amino acid sequence 总被引：23，自引：0，他引：23
Induction of cytochrome P1-450 has been linked to susceptibility to certain chemically induced cancers in mouse and man. Treatment of the human cell line MCF-7 with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) results in high levels of aryl hydrocarbon (benzo[a]pyrene) hydroxylase (P1-450) activity. This cell line was used to isolate a human P1-450 full-length complementary DNA (cDNA) clone. The cDNA is 2566 nucleotides in length, encodes a polyadenylated messenger RNA (2.8 kilobases in length), and has a continuous reading frame producing a protein with 512 residues (molecular weight, 58,151). The human P1-450 cDNA and protein are 63 percent and 80 percent similar to mouse P1-450 cDNA and protein, respectively. Whereas the mouse TCDD-inducible P-450 gene subfamily has two members (P1-450 and P3-450), the human TCDD-inducible gene subfamily appears to have only one gene (P1-450). 相似文献
16.
八种中式烹饪工艺对牛肉中多环芳烃、反式脂肪酸和亚硝酸盐的影响 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
【目的】从蒸、煮、炖、烤、炸、煎、干制及腌制八种传统中式烹饪工艺中筛选获得有害物质较少的牛肉处理工艺,为消费者选择有害物质含量较低的烹饪工艺提供理论参考。【方法】通过调控烤、炸、煎3种高温处理的温度和时间,对比分析多环芳烃(PAHs)、反式油酸(C_(18:1 trans-9))及亚硝酸盐3类有害物质的组分及含量,选出较优的烤、炸、煎烹饪条件;在此基础上,综合分析烤、炸、煎与蒸、煮、炖、干制及腌制8种烹饪工艺对牛肉中有害物质的影响,进而选择较优的中式烹饪工艺。试验分别采用高效液相色谱外标法、气相色谱-质谱外标法及分光光度法测定牛肉中PAHs、C_(18:1 trans-9)及亚硝酸盐的含量。【结果】对照组中共检测出芘、苯并[a]蒽、苣和苯并[k]荧蒽4种,烤制以160—180℃处理为较优,有5种PAHs且含量低,炸制以3—4 min处理含量较低,煎制以2—3 min处理含量较低;8种中式烹饪中,炸、煎的肉样中PAHs种类最多,炸、腌制的肉样中苯并[a]蒽含量较高,蒸制及煎制的肉样中苣含量较高,烤、炸、煎的肉样中苯并[b]荧蒽含量较高,炸、煎的肉样中苯并[k]荧蒽、苯并[a]芘和二苯并[a,h]蒽含量较高。烤制温度对C_(18:1 trans-9)含量影响不显著(P0.05),炸制3 min和煎制2min的肉样中C_(18:1 trans-9)含量均最低(P0.05);8种中式烹饪中,炸、煎的肉样中C_(18:1 trans-9)含量较高(P0.05)。烤制160℃和180℃的肉样中亚硝酸盐含量均较低,炸制3 min和煎制2 min的亚硝酸盐含量最低(P0.05);8种烹饪工艺中,炸、煎及腌制的肉样中亚硝酸盐含量较高(P0.05)。【结论】对烤、炸、煎3种高温处理,肉样在160℃下烤制40 min,在226—228℃下炸制3 min、煎制2 min时3类有害物质含量较低;综合分析8种工艺,蒸制、煮制、炖制及干制的肉样中3类有害物质种类较少且含量较低。 相似文献
17.
Sarcoma-producing cell lines derived from clones transformed in vitro by benzo[a]pyrene 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Cells derived from mixed Syrian hamster embryo cultures were treated with pyrene (control) or with benzo[a]pyrene. Transformed clones were obtained only with the carcinogen. Some of the transformed clones were responsible for cell lines that produced tumors when injected into hamsters. These observations provide evidence that chemical-induced oncogenesis can be studied by an in vitro model. 相似文献
18.
为获取嗜盐碱高环多环芳烃(Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,PAHs)降解菌,并研究其降解特性,利用盐度为5%、pH为8.6的无机盐培养液从延长油田石油污染土壤中富集分离出6株能以芘为唯一碳源和能源的嗜盐碱菌SYP-1、SYP-2、SYP-3、SYP-4、SYP-5和SYP-11。经形态学观察、生理生化特征分析和16S rRNA基因序列对比对菌株进行了鉴定,确定SYP-1为代尔夫特菌属(Delftia sp.),SYP-2、SYP-4和SYP-11为海杆菌属(Marinobacter sp.),SYP-3和SYP-5为芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus sp.)。初步的降解能力试验表明,6株降解菌7 d内可使初始浓度为50 mg·L~(-1)的芘降解率达42.3%～68.8%,使初始浓度为5 mg·L~(-1)的苯并[a]芘降解率达27.0%～49.4%。经耐盐碱特性分析,株菌SYP-1、SYP-2、SYP-3和SYP-11的可生长盐度范围为0～20%,SYP-4和SYP-5的可生长盐度范围为0～15%,6株菌均可在pH为5～10的环境中生长。选择了对芘和苯并[a]芘同时具有较高降解能力的4株菌SYP-2、SYP-3、SYP-4和SYP-11,分析了其在不同盐度和pH条件下对芘降解效率的影响,结果表明,无论在0～15%的盐度范围内还是在5～10的pH范围内,4株菌对芘均具有良好的降解效果。研究表明,所分离菌株具有较高的耐盐碱性,且对降解4环以上高环PAHs具有很大潜力。 相似文献
19.
Formation of mutagens in beef and beef extract during cooking 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
B Commoner A J Vithayathil P Dolara S Nair P Madyastha G C Cuca 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1978,201(4359):913-916
Mutagens, distinguishable from benzo[a]pyrene and from mutagenic amino acid and protein pyrolysis products, are formed when ground beef is cooked in a home hamburger cooking appliance or when beef stock is concentrated, by boiling, to a paste known commercially as beef extract. "Well-done" hamburgers contain about 0.14 part per million of the mutagens, and beef bouillon cubes which contain beef extract about 0.1 part per million. Since such mutagens may be potentially carcionogenic and are formed during ordinary cooking procedures, their occurrence raises questions about possible risks to human health. 相似文献
20.
为研究苯并[a]芘(B[a]P)在土壤中逐步累积后对土壤微生物区系的影响,试验采用低剂量叠加的方式模拟B[a]P在黄褐土中的累积过程,研究B[a]P不同污染方式对土壤B[a]P含量和微生物可培养种群数量的影响。结果表明:在B[a]P累积和一次污染方式下,土壤B[a]P可提取态和有效含量随培养时间的延长而降低,培养前期(1~28 d)下降速率较快,后期(28~56 d)下降速率减缓。B[a]P累积污染在整个培养期内显著地增加了土壤可培养细菌的数量,降低了真菌和放线菌的数量;一次污染在初期降低了可培养细菌和放线菌的数量,增加了真菌的数量。B[a]P累积污染对土壤微生物数量的抑制率为放线菌真菌细菌;一次污染对土壤微生物数量的抑制率为放线菌细菌真菌。放线菌对土壤B[a]P污染最为敏感,且与土壤B[a]P含量的相关性高于细菌和真菌,可作为多环芳烃类污染物污染土壤的生物学指标。累积污染以低剂量叠加方式研究了土壤微生物区系对B[a]P污染的响应,反映了B[a]P在实际土壤中的环境风险。 相似文献