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[目的]为探讨直线育肥、架子牛育肥模式对科尔沁肉牛育肥经济效益的影响,特开展本试验研究,以期为农牧民提供参考。[方法]选取6～8月龄250～350 kg体重体型均等的科尔沁肉牛30头散栏饲养10个月出栏,10～12月龄350～400 kg的架子牛30头栓系饲养8个月出栏。出栏后分别测定两组试验牛的出栏体重,根据试验数据,同时考虑投入固定成本、人工成本、饲料成本等各种因素,进一步计算分析两组牛的经济效益。[结果]组1毛利率高于栓系饲养模式,组1比组2盈亏平衡点更低。[结论]直线育肥和架子牛育肥模式各有利弊。直线育肥模式利润高但养殖周期较长,架子牛育肥模式利润低但养殖周期较短。 相似文献
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《畜牧与兽医》2015,(5):96-98
试验旨在研究散栏式饲养与栓系式饲养方式对西门塔尔牛生长过程中不同时期相关血清代谢酶水平变化的影响。选择体重相近(330 kg左右)、月龄相同(12月龄)、未去势、健康的50头西门塔尔公牛分为两组,每组25头牛。肉牛散栏式饲养为试验组,栓系式饲养为对照组。预试期为30 d,正试期为120 d,分别于10月、11月、12月、1月和2月进行对体重指标的测定,并定期采集血样。结果表明:在两种饲养方式中散栏饲养能提高西门塔尔牛日增重(P0.05),散栏全期西门塔尔牛平均日增重1268.37 g,显著高于栓系的969.76 g,提高了30.79%(P0.05)。在第3个月试验组血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)含量极显著高于对照组(P0.01),其他月份组间差异均不显著(P0.05);在第3个月和第5个月试验组血清谷草转氨酶(AST)含量均显著高于对照组(P0.05);在试验全期,两组血清中碱性磷酸酶(ALP)组间差异均不显著(P0.05);本试验两组乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)含量组间无显著差异(P0.05),但两者相较于对照组均有降低趋势;在第3个月试验组血清肌酸激酶(CK)含量显著高于对照组(P0.05),第5个月极显著高于对照组(P0.01);散栏饲养方式能显著提高西门塔尔牛的日增重(P0.05)。 相似文献
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[目的]研究不同的精料饲喂量对德宏高峰牛育肥效益的影响,为养殖户进行德宏高峰牛育肥合理使用精料饲喂量提供理论依据。[方法]将试验分为4个组,每组10头,按试验1组、试验2组、试验3组、试验4组分别以每头每天1.5 kg,2 kg,2.5 kg,3 kg精料进行饲喂,通过90 d育肥,分析得出效益最好的精料饲喂量组。[结果]结果表明,试验1组平均日增重0.64 kg,每天每头牛可获利7.40元;试验2组平均日增重0.712 kg,每天每头牛可获利8.02元;试验3组平均日增重0.748 kg,每天每头牛可获利7.57元;试验4组平均日增重0.779 kg,每天每头牛可获利6.96元。[结论]德宏高峰牛育肥按每头每天饲喂精料2 kg经济效益最好,即按体重1%左右给予精料育肥德宏高峰牛效益最可观。 相似文献
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《动物营养学报》2021,33(6)
本试验旨在探究饲养方式和饲粮能量水平对牦牛生长性能、瘤胃发酵参数和瘤胃菌群的影响。采用3×2双因素试验设计,在散栏和栓系2种饲养方式下饲喂低、中、高3种能量水平[综合净能(NEmf)分别为5.51、6.22、6.94 MJ/kg]的全混合日粮(TMR)。选取体重(269.75±35.46) kg、健康无病的公牦牛60头,随机分为6组,分别为栓系低能组(TL组)、栓系中能组(TM组)、栓系高能组(TH组)、散栏低能组(CL组)、散栏中能组(CM组)、散栏高能组(CH)组,每组10头牛。预试期15 d,正试期90 d。结果显示:1)栓系饲养方式下,牦牛的终末体重和平均日增重随饲粮能量水平的增加而升高,TH组显著高于TL和TM组(P0.05);散栏饲养方式下,牦牛的终末体重和平均日增重随饲粮能量水平的增加呈现先升高后降低的趋势,CM组显著高于CL组(P0.05)。散栏饲养方式下,CM组的料重比最小,显著低于CL和CH组(P0.05)。2)瘤胃液氨态氮(NH3-N)浓度以CM组最低,显著低于CL、CH、TL和TH组(P 0.05)。在2种饲养方式下,瘤胃液乙酸浓度随饲粮能量水平的增加而显著降低(P0.05)。在栓系饲养方式下,瘤胃液丙酸浓度随饲粮能量水平的增加而升高,但组间差异不显著(P0.05);在散栏饲养方式下,瘤胃液丙酸浓度随饲粮能量水平的增加先升高而后降低,CM组显著高于CH和CL组(P0.05)。3)在栓系饲养方式下,拟杆菌门和普雷沃氏菌属的相对丰度随着饲粮能量水平的升高显著增加(P0.05);在散栏饲养方式下,CM组拟杆菌门的相对丰度最高,显著高于CH组(P0.05)。综上可知,饲养方式和饲粮能量水平对牦牛生长性能、瘤胃发酵参数和瘤胃菌群产生了影响。总体上来看,散栏饲养方式优于栓系饲养方式,中能量水平饲粮提高了牦牛的生长性能,改善了瘤胃发酵参数和瘤胃菌群组成,因此,散栏饲养方式下饲粮NEmf为6.22 MJ/kg时是较适宜进行牦牛冷季育肥的条件。 相似文献
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实验选取西门塔尔肉牛品种与本地杂交所生的二代杂种公牛进行育肥。这样的牛具有适应性强、增重快、肉质好、屠宰率高等特点,被选择的育肥年龄不宜过大,体重应在350-400kg为宜。采用异地育肥技术进行舍饲栓系短期育肥、实验其育肥性能和经济效益。结果,经过3个月短期育肥,实验牛平均日增重为1.6kg,每天牛平均获纯利1 137元,具有较理想的增重效果和经济效益,说明对西门塔尔肉牛品种与本地牛杂交所生的二代杂种公牛进行短期育肥是可行的。 相似文献
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实验选取西门塔尔肉牛品种与本地杂交所生的二代杂种公牛进行育肥。这样的牛具有适应性强、增重快、肉质好、屠宰率高等特点,被选择的育肥年龄不宜过大,体重应在350-400kg为宜。采用异地育肥技术进行舍饲栓系短期育肥、实验其育肥性能和经济效益。结果,经过3个月短期育肥,实验牛平均日增重为1.6kg,每天牛平均获纯利1 137元,具有较理想的增重效果和经济效益,说明对西门塔尔肉牛品种与本地牛杂交所生的二代杂种公牛进行短期育肥是可行的。 相似文献
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对青海乐都县在相同饲养条件下的杜藏及藏羊90日龄、180日龄杂交育肥羔羊进行了随机取样称重,统计对比育肥羔羊平均增重和日增重,在相同饲养条件下的育肥效果进行讨论。结果发现,杜藏杂交育肥羔羊180日龄的平均体重达到35.18kg(公羔)和31.08kg(母羔),公羔和母羔日增重分别达到182.44g和160.55g,农区藏系羔羊平均体重达到27.66kg(公羔)和23.83kg(母羔),公羔和母羔日增重分别达到139.24g和108.33g,杜藏杂交育肥羔羊日增重显著高于藏系育肥羔羊(P<0.05)。 相似文献
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[目的]肉牛全混合日粮(TMR)是一种将粗饲料、精饲料、矿物质、维生素和微量元素等其他添加剂充分混合搅拌均匀,将水分调到45%,能够满足肉牛营养需要的饲养技术。[方法]为了比较西门塔尔牛TMR饲喂与传统饲喂方式,在固原市瑞科丰农牧科技有限公司随机选取120头西门塔尔育肥公牛作为试验牛群,对照组和试验组各60头,试验组使用TMR日粮饲喂,对照组采用传统饲喂方式饲喂,观察育肥牛生长发育情况、体重变化。[结果]结果表明,TMR饲喂的肉牛平均体重(547.9 kg),比传统饲喂平均体重(509.24 kg),相对提高了7.6%(P0.01)。TMR饲喂平均日增重(1 331.6 g/d)比传统饲喂的平均日增重(1 194.5 g/d)相对提高了11.5%(P0.01),西门塔尔公牛育肥平均体重TMR饲喂785 kg,传统饲喂为752 kg,体重增加33 kg,提高4.4%(P0.05);西门塔尔育肥公牛平均利润TMR饲喂比传统饲喂利润增加1 529.5元/头。[结论]西门塔尔牛TMR饲喂比传统饲喂优势明显,应在肉牛生产中大力推广。 相似文献
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直线育肥也叫持续强度育肥,就是犊牛断奶后不吊架子,直接转入生长肥育阶段。采用舍饲与全价日粮饲喂的方法,使犊牛一直保持很高的日增重量,直到达到屠宰体重时为止。一般12~15个月时,体重可达500 kg 以上,日增重量可达0.8 kg 以上,平均每千克增重消耗精饲料2 kg。 相似文献
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本研究选择120只小尾寒羊分3组进行生产性能的对比试验。结果表明。在半牧半舍饲模式下4月龄体重为27.8kg,舍饲圈养模式下为31.7kg,舍饲后育肥羊4月龄体重提高了14.0%;舍饲后6月龄体重提高了15.2%,平均日增重提高了28.0%。在同种高效圈养的饲养条件下,与对照组相比,饲喂中药添加剂的试验组育肥羊4月龄体重提高了4.6%,6月龄体重提高了5.7%,平均日增重提高了10.2%。 相似文献
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Effect of extraction time and acid concentration on the separation of proglycogen and macroglycogen in horse muscle samples 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1 
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下载免费PDF全文 Johan T. Brjer Henry R. Stmpfli Terry E. Graham 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2002,66(3):201-206
The objective of this study was to determine whether the concentrations of proglycogen (PG) and macroglycogen (MG) in biopsy samples of horse muscle are influenced by extraction time or perchloric acid (PCA) concentration. In study 1, individual muscle-biopsy samples from 10 horses were divided into 4 parts each and then randomly subjected to 4 periods of extraction (10, 20, 60, or 120 min) with 1.5 M PCA. In study 2, individual muscle-biopsy samples from 6 horses were divided into 24 pieces each and then randomly subjected to 12 combinations of extraction time (10, 20, 30, or 40 min) and PCA concentration (0.5, 1.5, or 3.0 M). The results from study 1 indicated that PG and MG concentrations are affected only after extraction for 120 min; the PG concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05), and the MG concentration increased (not significantly). In study 2, extraction in 3.0 M PCA yielded significantly lower PG and higher MG concentrations (P < 0.05) than extraction in 0.5 or 1.5 M PCA with each of the extraction times. The results of this study further support the existence of 2 glycogen pools and demonstrate that they are not an extraction artifact. The study also suggests that the 2 pools are stable during extraction over a range of extraction times and acid concentrations. However, if the exposure to acid is very long and, or, the acid concentration is high, some of the insoluble PG appears to be hydrolyzed and to enter the MG pool. 相似文献
13.
学风是学校文化传统、办学理念、精神面貌的集中反映,是学校治学精神、治学态度和治学原则的综合体现,文中在对学生的学习态度、教学态度、学习环境等方面进行问卷调查的基础上,对学校学风的现状进行了分析,并提出了促进学风建设的建议,为加强学校学风建设,促进教育教学改革,培养和造就高素质人才提供理论指导和现实依据。 相似文献
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Impact of milking characteristics and morphology of udder and teats on clinical mastitis in first- and second-lactation Norwegian cattle 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Trond Slettbakk Asbjrn Jrstad Thomas B. Farver John C. Holmes 《Preventive veterinary medicine》1995,24(4):235-244
Data from the Norwegian progeny testing program were used to examine the impact of milking characteristics and morphology of udder and teats on clinical mastitis in first- and second-lactation Norwegian cattle. The study was designed as a 1-1 matched case-control study with herd, parity, days in lactation and calving season as matching variables. Conditional maximum likelihood logistic regression was used to evaluate the effects of three primary (2 min milk, milk leakage and teat-end-to-floor distance) and six other study variables. Treatment records from the Norwegian health card system on acute and chronic clinical mastitis were used to define cases. The chosen model included 565 matched pairs. Significant risk factors of clinical mastitis were decreasing teat-end-to-floor distance (P = 0.02) and periparturient udder edema (P < 0.01).
Borderline effects were demonstrated by larger than herd-average teat diameter (P = 0.04), udder asymmetry (P = 0.05) and increasing 2 min milk (P = 0.08). Results were compared to a previous study on the same data with loge somatic cell count as the dependent variable. Inclusion of teat-end-to-floor distance in the genetic improvement scheme may increase the efficiency of genetic selection for mastitis resistance. 相似文献
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旨在预测和分析貉源阿留申病毒（RFAV） VP2和NS1蛋白的抗原表位特征，筛选阿留申病毒属较保守的B、T细胞抗原表位。本研究对RFAV的近全长基因组进行克隆及测序，对其VP2和NS1基因编码蛋白的理化性质、二级结构、翻译后修饰位点和抗原表位进行预测，并将预测的修饰位点、抗原表位与其他阿留申病毒种的序列进行比较分析，筛选相对保守的修饰位点和抗原表位。结果显示，获得的RFAV基因组长4 327 bp，编码VP2蛋白的636个氨基酸，编码NS1蛋白的641个氨基酸。VP2和NS1蛋白均为亲水性蛋白，二级结构以无规则卷曲为主。在阿留申病毒属内，VP2蛋白有3个保守的B细胞抗原表位，3个保守的T细胞表位，8个保守的翻译后修饰位点；NS1蛋白有1个保守的B细胞抗原表位，2个保守的T细胞抗原表位和7个保守的翻译后修饰位点。本研究成功克隆了RFAV近全长基因组序列，全面对RFAV的VP2、NS1蛋白抗原表位、翻译后修饰位点进行预测，并分析其在阿留申病毒属内的保守和变异特征，为阿留申病毒免疫研究提供参考。 相似文献
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A. K. W. Wood 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》1985,14(3):193-214
A contrast radiographic study of the urinary and gastrointestinal system was carried out in 43 animals, with the aid of barium sulfate, orally for esophageal, stomach, small intestine and large intestine studies; barium sulfate as an enema to complete the large intestine studies; sodium and meglumine diatrizoate intravenously for urography and iodipamide meglumine intravenously for cholecystography. Both unanesthetized and anesthetized or tranquilized animals were used in the study. The results of the study are illustrated, and contrasted with studies of a similar nature in other animals. 相似文献
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Hobson JC Duffield TF Kelton D Lissemore K Hietala SK Leslie KE McEwen B Cramer G Peregrine AS 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2002,221(8):1160-1164
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether Neospora caninum serostatus was associated with milk production among Holstein cattle in Ontario. DESIGN: Case-control study and cross-sectional observational study. ANIMALS: 3,702 Holstein cows in 83 herds (case-control study) and 3,162 Holstein cows in 57 herds. PROCEDURE: Herds in the case-control study were grouped on the basis of N. caninum abortion status. Herds in the observational study were considered representative of Ontario dairy herds. The N. caninum serostatus of individual cows was determined with a kinetic ELISA. Milk production was modeled to compare seropositive with seronegative animals while controlling for parity, days since parturition, and herd clustering. RESULTS: In the case-control study, 305-day milk production of seropositive cows was significantly less than milk production of seronegative cows in herds with abortions attributable to N. caninum infection and in herds with abortions attributable to pathogens other than N. caninum, but not in herds without abortion problems. In the observational study, 305-day milk production for seropositive cows was not significantly different from milk production of seronegative cows. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that the association between N. caninum serostatus and milk production in Ontario Holstein dairy cattle may depend on abortion status of the herd. In herds with abortion problems, regardless of cause, N. caninum-seropositive cattle produced less milk, whereas in herds without abortion problems, N. caninum-seropositive cattle produced the same amount of milk as seronegative cattle. 相似文献
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通过观察狐貂自咬症疾病行为特点,分析发病原因,传播途径,及时诊断治疗,以提高狐,貉养殖的经济效益。 相似文献