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1 采精
用假阴道按常规方法采集精液.采精频率一般为连续采精2d,休息1d.在采精当天,可连续采2次(间隔10～15 min).原精液的活力要求不低于0.8.
2精液的稀释、分装与冷冻
2.1 冷冻精液稀释液
2.1.1绵羊冷冻精液稀释液
Ⅰ液:葡萄糖247 mmol/L,磷酸氢二钠10 mmol/L,果糖17mmol/L,磷酸二氢钠10mmol/L,氯化钠49 mmol/L,青霉素G500单位/mL,氯化钾5 mmol/L,链霉素500单位/mL.Ⅱ液:加15％甘油到Ⅰ液中. 相似文献
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为探讨钙离子浓度对绵羊精子获能的影响,将绵羊精子在不同钙离子浓度的绵羊输卵管合成液（SOF液）中培养,并用钙离子载体A23187进行诱导。结果发现,不同钙离子浓度对绵羊精子的影响差别不明显,经A23187诱导后,1.7 mmol/L组和2 mmol/L组的顶体反应率（AR）与其他组有显著差异（P<0.05）,1.7 mmol/L浓度中,绵羊精子存活时间为16 h,2 mmol/L浓度中的存活时间为10 h,因此认为绵羊精子获能的适宜钙离子浓度为1.7 mmol/L,且获能过程中钙离子的存在是必要的。 相似文献
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为简化低温冷冻精液的操作技术而进行了一系列的试验,重点研究了甘油保存液的加入方法对公牛精液冶冻效果的影响。在初步的室内试验中看到:用既往通用的甘油保存液在室温下进行稀释,对精液冷冻前后的活率皆有不良影响,有部分精子尾部发生卷曲不能正常前进运动。以后在第三个试验中增加了甘油保存液中溶质的浓度和成分,情况得到改善。解冻后活率与对照组极为接近,输精试验结果表明受胎率此对照组还略高。改进的保存液由下列成分组成:蒸馏水100毫升,柠檬酸钠(5H_2O)2克,葡萄糖4克,氨基乙酸0.6克,卵黄20毫升和甘油10毫升。前三种溶质的总浓度约为等渗浓度的150%,甘油占总容积的7.7%。每百毫升保存液中还加有青霉素钾盐5—10万单位。新采出的公牛精液先用等渗的柠檬酸钠-葡萄糖-卵黄液1至3倍稀释,经半小时在室温下再用上述改进的甘油保存液1比4第二次稀释。逐渐降温至0℃并在此温度下平衡20小时然后冷冻至—79℃。用这种方法冷冻的公牛精液经过2—3个月的保存后给60头母牛输精,情期受胎率达到58.3%,而用通常的甘油保存液和稀释方法(降温至0℃再加甘油保存液)冷冻的公牛精液输精母牛80头,情期受胎率为50%。在室温下加甘油保存液可大大简化操作技术,而本试验的结果表明这种方法是有希望成功的。 相似文献
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用假阴道法采集山羊精液,进行品质分析,应用正交设计L(934),4因素为稀释液种类(A)、稀释比例(B)、平衡时间(C)和解冻液(D),每因素选择3个水平,分析解冻精液品质,构建其综合指数,优化夏季山羊精液冷冻-解冻方法。结果表明:乏情季节精液品质略有下降,但仍能满足制作冻精的需要。4因素影响解冻后精液综合指数的显著性顺序是A>C>D>B,其中稀释液种类对解冻后精液综合指数影响差异显著(P<0.05),稀释液Ⅱ优于稀释液Ⅲ和Ⅰ;精子稀释密度影响差异不显著(P>0.05),但稀释至108个/mL时综合指数高于稀释至5×108个/mL和2×108个/mL;平衡时间对解冻后综合指数影响差异显著(P<0.05),平衡4h效果优于1h和2h;解冻液种类对解冻后综合指数影响差异显著(P<0.05),维生素B12较TALP液和2.9%柠檬酸钠效果好。优选各因素最佳水平,确定夏季山羊精液冷冻-解冻方法为选用高卵黄稀释液Ⅱ,将精子密度稀释至108个/mL,平衡时间4h,以维生素B12作为解冻液40℃湿解冻。 相似文献
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成红 《青海畜牧兽医杂志》2006,36(4):21-21
应用维生素B12注射液做绵羊冻精的解冻液,实施人工授精配种来提高绵羊受胎率和羔羊成活率。结果表明,试验组绵羊受胎率达96.0%,羔羊成活率达94.2%,而对照组绵羊受胎率为78.0%,羔羊成活率为85.4%,试验组与对照组绵羊受胎率和羔羊成活率均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。 相似文献
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<正> 对山羊冻精配种技术的研究报道较少,且进展缓慢,大多效果低而不稳。为了摸索提高山羊冻精配种的效果,我们在制作冻精颗粒的稀释液和解冻液配方,输精次数和方法上进行了探讨,以期获得较好的效果。1983年9月至12月,作了山羊冻精配种66只的观察试验,获得了情期受胎率60.97％,产羔率195.23％的效果,现简述于下: 材料与方法 (1)冻精的制作:经汉中地区牧研所初选后提供的稀释液配方:双馏水100毫升、乳糖5.5克。葡萄糖3.0克,柠檬酸三钠1.5克、卵黄一个、甘油5毫升、青链霉素各5—10万单位。对精液采用平衡前后两步稀释,甘油不参与平衡的方法,自作冻精颗粒。原精和解冻后的精子活力不低于0.8和0.3级。 (2)解冻液:采用西乡县畜牧兽医站生产的2.9％柠檬酸三钠2毫升安瓿解冻液。 (3)冻精颗粒分莎能和本地羊两种,输精对象 相似文献
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实验对蓝狐细管冻精的冷冻工艺进行了筛选。结果表明:4种以Tris-柠檬酸-甘油稀释液作为细管冻精稀释液效果良好,其中以葡萄糖代替果糖的A1配方及稀释方法效果最佳。常温和冷冻保存中结果发现,虽然乙二醇毒性较大,但含有6%乙二醇的防冻剂的精液解冻后活率最高。冻精平衡以0￣5℃和2 h为宜,初冻温度以-110￣-130℃的冷冻速度最好。解冻时,以38℃水浴中存活指数最高。冷冻过程使精子活率、畸形率、顶体完整率等指标受到明显影响。以A1为冷冻液的冻精人工授精受孕率为73.81%,每胎产仔数为5.81,与鲜精人工授精的结果差异显著(P<0.05)。 相似文献
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为了研究甘肃高山细毛羊种公羊精液冷冻保存的效果.将液氮熏蒸距离按1.5、2.0、2.5 cm分为三个组合,每个组合用6.5、7、7.5 min三种时间进行熏蒸处理,对细毛羊种公羊冻精进行对比试验.熏蒸距离为2 cm,熏蒸时间为6.5 min、7 min和7.5 min处理组精子活率分别为24.91±3.31、42.33±3.96和32.83±2.08,与其它各组精子活率相比较好,组间差异显著（P＜0.05）.试验表明,细毛羊种公羊冻精熏蒸距离越近,熏蒸时间应减短,熏蒸距离越远,熏蒸时间应延长.最佳熏蒸距离为2 cm和熏蒸时间为7min,精子活率42.33±3.96.液氮熏蒸细管冷冻法的精子活率（42.33±3.96）,高于液氮熏蒸颗粒法（33.75±5.32）,而二者差异显著（P＜0.05）.液氮颗粒法的顶体完整率（33.75％）和细管法的顶体完整率（39.08％）差异不显著（P＞0.05）.通过调整细毛羊精液稀释液成分、pH值、渗透压,利用简易的液氮熏蒸方法可以完成甘肃高山细毛羊精液冷冻保存. 相似文献
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[目的]为了增加精液数量,提高种公牛的利用率,降低精液能量消耗,补充适当营养和保护物质的活动延长精子的寿命,有利于精子的冷冻和保存。[方法]冷冻精液稀释液的筛选采用正交设计方法并使用L9（3^4）正交表安排试验,优选出冷冻保存效果最佳的稀释液配方,再用较好的稀释液进行比较试验,得出最理想的冷冻稀释液。对要进行试验的稀释液,试验时先将同一头BMY牛精液分成九等分,依次标记为1-9号,然后在精液中分别加入等量的对应编号的冷冻稀释液,进行稀释冷冻效果的比较。[结果]B糖不同水平之间的差异极显著（P〈0.01）,B1与B3的差异极显著,与B2的差异不显著,B2与B3的差异不明显;最佳的组合是A2B1C1。添加不同种氨基酸和水平的稀释液BMY牛精液冻精解冻效果均无明显差异（P〉0.05）,添加不同氨基酸和水平的稀释液稀释BMY牛原精的效果亦无明显差异。 相似文献
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渗透压与pH值对常温保存山羊精液的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
本文研究了山羊精液在高倍稀释（１：３０），常温（１３—１５℃）保存条件下，稀释液渗透压与ｐＨ值对精子存活时间的影响。试验选用两种稀释液，渗透压调为较高的３４１和３３９渗压毫克分子浓度与较低的２６３和２８０渗压毫克分子浓度，ｐＨ值分别调为６．５和７．０。结果表明：在渗透压类同的条件下，ｐＨ为６．５，精子总存活时数比ｐＨ为７．０时长（ｐ＜０．０１）。生存指数高（Ｐ＜０．０１）。在ｐＨ值相同的条件下，较高渗透压的稀释液保存效果好。渗透压与ｐＨ值对精子共同作用下，在ｐＨ６．５时，不论渗透压较高或较低，精子活力维持在０．３以上的时数为３０小时左右，而ｐＨ７．０时只有１６小时左右。较低渗透压使精子顶体完整率下降轻快（Ｐ＜０．０１）。 相似文献
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In a Prolific Merino nucleus herd of 200 ewes the ovulation rate (OR) test results obtained in 169 animals between 1988 and 1993 were compared with those of 113 ewes from the same herd in 1996. Whereas earlier the ratio of individuals showing an OR > or = 4 was only 32%, that of the group checked in 1996 was 59%. This increase could be attributed to 40 ewes, both of whose parents had proven to be homozygous carriers of the prolific gene. To develop the Prolific Merino breed, 21 Booroola Merino rams were imported from New Zealand, and mostly their frozen semen was used. Of these rams, one was not a prolific gene carrier, 8 were homozygous carriers, 10 were heterozygous carriers and two had not been identified yet. Of the 36 home-bred rams, 9 proved to be homozygous by parents, 11 heterozygous, 8 homozygous, one proved to be a non-carrier, and 7 rams and their frozen semen were to be progeny tested. Six thousand doses of frozen semen from a total of 33 animals (16 imported rams and their 17 home-bred offspring) are stored in plastic straws. Sixty-three % of this is semen reserve from rams of the FecBFecB genotype, belonging to 10 ram lines. The remaining 37% is gene reserve intended for creating homozygous ram lines. Only one ram (no. 3244) was bought for the nucleus herd, the other ram lines were introduced into the herd by assortative mating, using intrauterine insemination. The average conception rate found after 472 intrauterine inseminations was 53% with large (occasionally 10-100%) individual ram differences. 相似文献
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试验对绵羊精液分别采用液氮熏蒸冷冻法和冷冻仪冷冻法进行冷冻,通过测定精液解冻后精子活率、顶体完整率、质膜完整率和谷草转氨酶活性及乳酸脱氢酶活性来比较不同的冷冻方法对解冻后精液品质的影响;通过测定精液稀释后、平衡后、冷冻仪法冷冻后的酶活性来比较谷草转氨酶与乳酸脱氢酶在不同阶段的释放量。结果表明,采用冷冻仪法冷冻后的精子活率和质膜完整率极显著高于液氮熏蒸冷冻法（P<0.01）;冷冻仪法冷冻后的谷草转氨酶和乳酸脱氢酶活性极显著低于液氮熏蒸冷冻法（P<0.01）;精液稀释后的谷草转氨酶和乳酸脱氢酶活性极显著低于精液冷冻后的活性（P<0.01）。表明采用冷冻仪冷冻法的绵羊精液品质好于液氮熏蒸冷冻法。精子中谷草转氨酶主要在平衡阶段释放,而乳酸脱氢酶主要在冷冻阶段释放。 相似文献
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[目的]为了加大BMY牛的推广应用力度和提高人工授精受胎率,开展了BMY牛冷冻精液质量控制研究,优选出冷冻稀释液及得出冷冻精液质量控制技术程序。[方法]采用不同的初始冷冻温度、不同种类的稀释液、不同的冷冻方法对BMY牛精液冷冻及解冻效果进行试验。[结果]不同的初始冷冻温度、不同种类的稀释液、不同的冷冻方法,BMY牛精液冷冻解冻效果各异。初始冷冻温度为-121--140℃时,TRIS液为基础稀释液添加糖类和氨基酸一步法稀释BMY牛精液冷冻6-10 min BMY牛冷冻精液解冻效果较好,用程控冷冻仪冷冻BMY牛精液,同样获得良好的解冻效果,解冻活力达到0.372±0.026。BMY牛冷冻精液平均解冻活力可达0.357±0.029以上,精子解冻复苏率达50%以上。精子畸形率平均为16.8%±4.26%,BMY牛采精成功率为75.3%。[结论]全放牧条件下BMY牛电刺激采精法获得很好效果,精液质量好,更有利于种质资源的保存和利用。 相似文献
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池胜刚 《青海畜牧兽医杂志》2014,(1):20-21
为提高青海高原型藏羊选育工作,探索羊的人工采精和细管冻精技术在高寒地区的应用效果,对青海省海北州祁连3只高原型藏种公羊和玛多县30只高原型藏母羊进行了选育试验,实验结果表明:藏种公羊鲜精采集量平均为1.5mL,呈乳白或乳黄色、无气味、有云雾状,平均活力冻前鲜精为0.65,高出一般羊精子标准活力的0.075,冻后为0.35~0.5,高出本省羊精子标准活力0.1,且经冷配后的30只藏母羊均无返情现象。本实验对于藏羊的改良有重要的实践意义,对于改善纯种高原型藏羊也有重要的参考价值。 相似文献
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Alghamdi AS Troedsson MH Xue JL Crabo BG 《American journal of veterinary research》2002,63(6):880-885
OBJECTIVE: To compare the effect of semen extender and seminal plasma on postthaw motility and filtration through a glass wool-Sephadex (GWS) filter for frozen stallion semen. SAMPLE POPULATION: 7 stallions from which we collected > or = 3 ejaculates/stallion. PROCEDURES: 4 experiments were conducted to evaluate postthaw quality of frozen stallion semen. Kenney extender was compared with glucose-EDTA extender by use of various dilution rates that resulted in differing concentrations of seminal plasma. Stallions known to produce semen with poor postthaw quality were used to investigate whether a particular extender or dilution rate could improve ability of such semen to survive freeze-thaw procedures. RESULTS: Use of Kenney extender as the centrifugation extender significantly improved postthaw motility and GWS filtration, compared with glucose-EDTA. Extending semen at a dilution of 1:3 was significantly better than 1:1 for both motility and GWS filtration. In addition, including seminal plasma at a concentration of 5% in the cryopreserved semen resulted in significantly higher yield of spermatozoa after GWS filtration, compared with complete removal of SP or use of seminal plasma at 25%. Lastly, semen with poor postthaw quality had significantly improved postthaw quality in regard to motility and GWS filtration when semen was frozen with seminal plasma at a concentration of 5%, compared with semen frozen with seminal plasma at a concentration of 25%. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Use of Kenney extender at a high dilution (> or = 1:3) immediately after collection of semen can improve postthaw quality of frozen stallion semen. 相似文献
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A field trial was performed in order to evaluate the effect on fertility of different straw types, freezing protocols (one- or two-step) and thawing procedures (35°C and 70°C) using frozen–thawed ram semen. A total of 791 Norwegian Crossbred ewes were artificially inseminated during natural oestrus with semen collected from nine mature and proven Norwegian Crossbred rams. A milk-based extender was used for dilution. The ewes were allocated into one of the following three groups based on the different straw types and thawing temperatures: medium straw (0.5 ml) thawed at 35°C for 20 s (Med35), medium straw thawed at 70°C for 8 s (Med70) and mini straw (0.25 ml) thawed at 35°C for 15 s (Mini35). The semen to be frozen in mini straws was re-concentrated by centrifugation. Sperm number in each insemination dose was approximately 200 × 106 spermatozoa. The fertility results [as 25-day non-return rate (NRR)] for Med35, Med70 and Mini35 were 53.1%, 50.8% and 58.3%, respectively, and the lambing rates 49.8%, 46.8% and 53.8%, respectively. No significant main effects were seen for straw type/thawing temperature (p = 0.17), ram (p = 0.06) or age of the ewe (p = 0.18) on NRR or lambing rates (p = 0.19, p = 0.16 and p = 0.27, respectively). Both NRR and lambing rate differed significantly among farms (p < 0.0001). 相似文献