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1.
为了研究国内主要商业蓖麻品种的种质资源多样性,采用AP-PCR与RMAPD分子标记方法,对来自国内不同地区的31份蓖麻品种进行分析。AP-PCR分子标记的研究结果表明,9条引物扩增的条带为5~12条,共计82条带,平均每条引物扩增出9.1条带,扩增的多态性条带为2~10条,多态率为40%~90.91%,共计53条带,平均每条引物扩增出5.89条多态性带。在9条引物中,引物S3扩增出多态性条带最高,多态率达90.91%。蓖麻种质资源的RMAPD分析结果表明,84对引物扩增的条带为5~12条,共计85条带,平均每对引物扩增出8.5条带,扩增的多态性条带为3~10条,共计56条带,平均每条引物扩增出5.6条多态性带。在84对引物中,引物A3+B4扩增出的条带最多,多态性最高,多态率达83.3%。对AP-PCR与RMAPD分子标记的数据进行联合聚类分析表明,在遗传系数为0.56处,31份蓖麻种质被分成3大类群。2种分子标记之间的相关系数不显著(R=0.009 3)。 相似文献
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河南省水稻中晚粳新品系遗传多样性的SRAP分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
利用SRAP分子标记技术对16个河南省中晚粳新品系进行了遗传多样性研究。从70个引物组合中筛选出了10个用于PCR反应,共扩增出104个条带,平均每个引物扩增的条带数为10.4个,多态性条带66个,多态性比率为63.46%,显示了较高的多态性。其中,有9个引物具有单一标记条带或特异缺失条带,共可鉴别8个品种。应用SPSS11.5分析软件对16种供试材料进行了聚类分析,结果显示:16种供试材料可分为5类,其中新丰039和豫粳6号各单独聚为一类。16个品种间的遗传相似系数在0.186~0.808之间,其中信粳03260和新稻03G43的亲缘关系最近,而3优121和豫粳6号的遗传差异最大。这些结果可为水稻种质资源的鉴定、遗传多样性分析和水稻育种工作中杂交亲本的选择提供科学依据。 相似文献
3.
采用RAMP标记技术,分析了西南横断山区25份野生狗牙根材料的遗传多样性。结果表明,被测材料间RAMP标记多态性较高。10个引物组合扩增出的56条带中,39条具多态性,PPB为69.64%。每个引物组合可扩增出2~6条多态性带,平均3.9条。RAMP标记遗传相似性系数(GS)变化范围为0.6667~0.9474,平均值为0.8129。RAMP标记可将所有25份狗牙根材料区分开,供试材料可以明显的划分为4大类。聚类结果与材料的地理分布有一定关系。据此认为,西南横断山区野生狗牙根种质资源在分子水平确实存在较大的遗传差异,RAMP是评价狗牙根遗传多样性的有效方法。 相似文献
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试验取30个枣树优良主栽品种进行AFLP分子标记,并进行遗传聚类分析,以期获得不同枣树品种之间的亲缘关系特征。从64对引物组合中筛选出9对重复性和稳定性好的引物组合,总共扩增出399条清晰条带,即对枣品种基因组399个位点进行了检测,其中共有位点85个,多态性位点314个,多态性百分率78.70%,可鉴别出所有供试品种。UPGMA聚类表明,30个枣树品种的相似系数在0.4654-0.8231之间,平均相似系数为0.6223,在相似系数0.666处,可将供试的30个枣树品种分为6类,为枣树品种分类及亲缘关系分析提供了有力参考。 相似文献
7.
The hulled or naked caryopsis character of barley is an important agronomic trait because of the direct link to its use. A single recessive gene, nud, located on the long arm of chromosome 7H, controls the naked caryopsis character. Previously, linked amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) bands from bulked segregant analysis were screened, and the nud gene was mapped in a population of 151 F2 plants. In the present study, the aim was to construct a high‐resolution map of the nud gene towards its positional cloning. Two AFLP bands were converted into sequence‐characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers (sKT5 and sKT9), and a previously reported SCAR marker sKT3 was improved for more reliable detection of polymorphism. A total of 2380 segregants derived from five cross‐combinations were analysed, and the nud gene was flanked by sKT3 and sKT9, at the 0.6‐cM proximal and the 0.06‐cM distal side, respectively. The SCAR markers developed in this study should be useful for marker‐assisted selection in naked barley breeding employing crosses between naked and hulled accessions. 相似文献
8.
Mahmoud Abo Elsaud El-Rawy Muhammad Youssef 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2014,17(3):183-189
Polyethylene glycol and cell membrane stability (CMS) assay were used to evaluate drought and heat tolerance, respectively, among 14 wheat lines based on seedling traits and molecular analysis. Significant variation was evidenced for all the investigated seedling traits. Different levels of heritability and genetic advance were found among the tested traits, indicating whether the trait is controlled by additive or non-additive gene action. Drought caused a significant reduction in root and shoot lengths. However, root/shoot ratio under drought stress was increased. Root length showed a highly significant negative correlation with drought susceptibility index (DSI) under drought conditions. Cluster analysis based on seedling traits separated lines mainly by DSI and CMS. Some lines showed drought and heat tolerance by exhibiting a low DSI with high CMS. Sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) generated a total of 135 bands, with a level of polymorphism ranging from 30 to 86% among the tested lines. SRAP showed its efficiency in discriminating wheat genotypes by gathering all high-DSIlines in one sub-cluster and generating 10 and 3 unique and specific bands for high-DSI-lines and low-DSI-lines, respectively. These bands could be used for further work as SRAP markers associated with drought tolerance in wheat. 相似文献
9.
低温是影响油菜生产和产量最重要的非生物逆境胁迫因子。为了阐明油菜抗寒性的遗传基础并定位相关的数量性状位点,利用甘蓝型油菜强抗寒GZ恢和弱抗寒10B杂交获得的147个F_2单株为定位群体、以双亲及F2∶3家系为辅助研究材料,利用SSR分子标记结合生理学指标及自然条件下抗寒性调查对抗寒基因QTL进行初步定位。结果表明:630对SSR引物中有160对在双亲间具有多态性,多态率25.40%;160对多态性引物中有102对在F_2群体中有多态性,多态率63.75%,102对多态性引物共检测出多态性位点229个。102个SSR标记构建连锁图,图谱总长974.70 c M,平均距离为5.70 c M。在自然越冬条件下,对F2及F2∶3家系的抗寒性及叶片相对电导率、组织相对含水量、SPAD值、丙二醛(MDA)含量进行测定,分析生理指标与抗寒性的相关性,结果呈显著或极显著相关,表明这些指标可以作为抗寒性评价的参考指标。共定位出5个与抗寒性相关的QTL位点,SPAD值与MDA含量2个指标之间检测到的QTL具有重叠区,这可能是由一因多效或基因紧密连锁引起,可以作为后续分析候选基因的1个热区。为进一步进行甘蓝型油菜抗寒性状相关基因的精细定位及克隆奠定了基础理论。 相似文献
10.
The effect of the number of RAPD fragments on the estimation of genetic distances has been studied on 10 genotypes (Vitis
vinifera) using 320 primers. A total number of 1683 scorable bands was obtained but only polymorphic bands (932) were considered
in this work. The variation of the genetic distances, in relation to an increasing number of bands, was evaluated through
a bootstrap sampling procedure. The mean coefficient of variation (CV) of the genetic distances decreased as the number of
bands increased. A CV of 10% was obtained with about 100–150 bands while a CV of 5% with a large number of bands (400–500
and over). To reduce the cost and the time of the analyses, primers with different levels of polymorphism were compared. Genetic
distance matrices, based on different numbers of bands and primer polymorphism, were highly correlated with the genetic distance
matrix of the whole data set when they were determined with a large number of RAPD fragments, either from high or low polymorphic
primers. The effect of the number of bands on the estimation of genetic distances was evaluated also through the variation
of the pattern of aggregation among genotypes (cluster analysis). Stable clusterings were detected when a large number of
polymorphic bands (400 and over) was used. Some rearrangements of the genotypes in the dendrograms was observed as the number
of bands decreased; below 100–150 bands the clusterings were completely rearranged.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
11.
SSR结合SRAP标记分析油菜菌核病抗性资源遗传多样性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了更准确、有效地揭示油菜资源遗传多样性,探索SSR和SRAP 2种分子标记在油菜菌核病抗性资源遗传多样性分析中的应用,采用40对SSR核心引物及陕西理工学院生物学院分子与遗传实验室筛选出的40对多态性高、条带清晰的SRAP引物,对陕西省汉中市农科所经过连续3年牙签茎秆接种试验结合多年的田间抗性表现筛选出的43份菌核病抗性较好的油菜材料进行遗传多样性分析,并对2种分子标记揭示的多态性条带数、多态性信息含量(PIC)进行比较。结果表明:2种标记共检测出634个条带,SRAP标记检测的多态性条带数(335)较SSR(287)高,而SSR引物的平均多态性信息含量(PIC)值较SRAP引物高,分别是0.76和0.69。在遗传相似系数0.67处,43份油菜材料被分为Ⅲ类,白菜型油菜(丰油10号白菜型选系)可较好地与甘蓝型油菜区分。主成分分析(Principal component analysis,PCA)、群体结构分析与聚类分析结果相似,说明SSR与SRAP标记结合能准确有效的反映油菜材料的亲缘关系。供试43份油菜材料遗传相似系数分布在0.65~0.81,表明遗传相似性较高,亲缘关系较近。因此,应进一步加强抗源筛选及引进,对现有材料进行遗传改良,拓宽其遗传背景,从而为抗菌核病油菜品种选育奠定基础。 相似文献
12.
Identification of polymorphic DNA markers in cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) 总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17
The detection of DNA polymorphism in cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is reported here for the first time. The DNA
amplification fingerprinting (DAF) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) approaches were tested for their potential
to detect genetic variation in peanut. The AFLP approach was more efficient as 43% of the primer combinations detected polymorphic
DNA markers in contrast to 3% with the DAF approach. However, the number of polymorphic bands identified using primers selected
in both approaches was comparable. In the DAF study, when 559 primers of varying types were screened, 17 (mostly 10-mer types)
detected polymorphism producing an average of 3.7 polymorphic bands per primer with a total of 63 polymorphic markers. In
the AFLP study, when 64 primer combinations (three selective nucleotides) corresponding to restriction enzymes Eco RI and
Mse I were screened, 28 detected polymorphism. On an average, 6.7% of bands obtained from these 28 primer pairs were polymorphic
resulting in a total of 111 AFLP markers. Our results demonstrate that both AFLP and DAF approaches can be employed to generate
DNA markers in peanut and thus have potential in the marker-assisted genetic improvement and germplasm evaluation of this
economically important crop.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
13.
为了快速从甜菜EST-SSR引物中筛选出适合甜菜分子生物学的引物,利用12个不同的甜菜品种对80对甜菜EST-SSR引物进行扩增,同时设置12个不同的退火温度,利用8%的非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶对PCR产物进行分离。结果表明：80对EST-SSR引物虽然均能够扩增出产物,但绝大部分引物扩增的条带由于没有多态性或者条带难以辨别而不能够使用,只有13对引物扩增出了清晰、易于识别的条带,有4对引物多态性较高,其余9对引物多态性均较低,而梯度退火温度则表明,退火温度对EST-SSR引物影响不大,只有个别引物会在较低退火温度条件下产生非特异性的条带,因此将所有引物的退火温度均设定为60℃。利用不同品种以及梯度退火温度可以实现EST-SSR引物的快速筛选,但要想筛选出多态性高的引物还需要对更多的EST-SSR引物进行筛选。 相似文献
14.
Amit Kaushik Navinder Saini Sunita Jain Poonam Rana R.K. Singh Rajinder K. Jain 《Euphytica》2003,134(2):231-238
Segregation for salinity tolerance and ISSR markers based molecular polymorphism were investigated in a F3 plant population raised via single-seed descent method from a cross between salt-tolerant indica rice variety CSR10 and salt-susceptible
premium traditional Basmati rice variety Taraori Basmati HBC19. A total of 130 F3plants were evaluated individually for salinity tolerance on 1–9 scale on the basis of seedling growth parameters; the average
score ranged between 1.7 to 8.3. Frequency distribution curve obtained using the salinity tolerance data of F3 population and a chi-square analysis, showed a good fit to a normal distribution. Eleven plants each in the category of salt-tolerant
and salt-susceptible were selected from the segregating F3 population for ISSR marker analysis. A total of 149 bands (4–11 bands per primer) ranging from 200 to 3530 bp were scored
for the two rice varieties and the selected CSR10 × HBC19 segregating F3 plants using 26 ISSR primers. Of these, 89 were monomorphic and 60 were polymorphic. Of the 60 polymorphic bands,36 and 20
bands were specific to CSR10 andHBC19 respectively. The remaining four bands were amplified using UBC primers 810,848, 853
and 886 and present in only some of the CSR10 × HBC19 F3 plants. Notably, ISSR primers with dinucleotide repeat motif and 5'-anchored end amplified more number of bands (7.0 bands/primer)
compared to3'-anchored dinucleotide primers (5.4bands/primer), but 3'-anchored dinucleotide primers revealed higher level
of polymorphism (2.6 polymorphic bands/primer) compared to 5'-anchoreddinucleotide primers (1.43 polymorphic bands/ primer).
While distribution of majority of the polymorphic bands were more or less in the expected ratios in salt-tolerant and/or salt-sensitive
F3segregating plants, but some of the bands amplified using UBC ISSR primers 823, 825,826, 849, 853, 864, 866 and 884 showed
highly skewed distribution. Such polymorphic bands stand greater chances of having a linkage with the genes/ QTLs for salinity
tolerance and shall be the target for further studies.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
15.
甘蓝品种的AFLP指纹鉴别图谱分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验采用AFLP技术分析了来自全国9个栽培地区的44个甘蓝主栽品种,共筛选了40对E 3/M 3引物组合,多态性条带的数量从0条到15条不等。其中引物组合E-AAC/M-CTA是甘蓝品种中多态性最高的引物,有15条多态性条带,多态性条带的百分率为30%,但该引物不足以区分44个供试的甘蓝品种。同时筛选了11组E 2/M 3对引物组合,其中引物组合E-AG/M-CTC产生了13条清晰的多态性条带。以E-AAC/M-CTA和E-AG/M-CTC这两对引物组合的多态性条带构建了44份甘蓝品种材料的指纹图谱,此指纹图谱可以将供试的44份材料一一区分。 相似文献
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以西洋梨‘丰产’二倍体及其10个同源四倍体株系为材料,通过微卫星(SSR)分子标记技术对西洋梨二倍体与同源四倍体之间的遗传差异性进行了研究。应用10对SSR引物对11份材料进行扩增,共扩增出23条谱带,其中有8条呈多态性,多态性比例为34.78%;10对引物中有3对引物为多态性引物。聚类分析显示,不同同源四倍体株系与二倍体的遗传差异大小亦不同;在10个同源四倍体株系中有3个株系扩增的条带与二倍体完全相同,7个同源四倍体株系与二倍体相比产生了差异性条带。研究结果表明,西洋梨二倍体与其同源四倍体之间以及10个同源四倍体株系之间在DNA水平上表现出了一定的多态性。本研究能够为进一步进行西洋梨多倍体的育种实践提供理论指导。 相似文献
17.
AFLP分子标记鉴别大白菜品种 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
本试验采用AFLP技术,研究了90份来自7个不同栽培地区的大白菜品种材料。共筛选了20对引物,不同引物组合检测多态性谱带的能力有很大的差异,多态性谱带的数量从9条到32条不等。其中E—ACA／M—CTG是大白菜品种十分高效的引物组合,共产生7l条清晰的扩增带,其中有32条多态性谱带,多态性谱带的百分率为45．7％。通过该引物组合,能将90个品种全部区分开来。同时应用该引物组合检测2个大白菜杂交品种(北京新2号,京夏王)各10株,其中有1株北京新2号的谱带异常,其余同一品种不同单株的带型完全一致。表明AFLP标记用于研究品种指纹图谱,并鉴别品种是完全可行的。 相似文献
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为了揭示人工甘蓝型油菜早期世代遗传和表观遗传变异规律, 以A组合(大黄油菜×中花芥蓝) S0世代、B组合(大黄油菜×中迟芥蓝) S0和S1世代人工甘蓝型油菜为材料, 分别利用AFLP和MSAP技术检测基因组变化及甲基化模式变化情况。结果表明, 16对引物在A组合S0扩增到523条带, 其中4对引物扩增出9条变异带, 包括7条亲本缺失带和2条新增带, 分别占S0总条带的1.33%和0.38%;45对引物在B组合双亲植株扩增到1093条带, 只有1对引物检测到1条父本带型在所有S0植株中缺失, 约占S0总条带的0.09%;在B9子代F19-1~F19-16总共扩增得到1092条带, 变异带有10条, 占总条带的0.915%, 其中包括9条缺失带和1条新增带, 9条缺失带全部位于C基因组。MSAP检测发现, B组合S0植株中有3个位点发生了甲基化模式的改变, 全部位于A基因组, 甲基化模式改变位点占总检测位点的1.37%。研究还发现B组合S0世代一个植株出现可遗传的花色变异, 推测该表型变异与B组合人工甘蓝型油菜中C基因组变异有关。 相似文献
20.
利用SRAP标记分析玉米遗传多样性 总被引：19，自引：0，他引：19
相关序列扩增多态性(SRAP)是一种基于PCR的新型分子标记技术.本研究的目的在于探讨利用该标记进行玉米种质资源遗传多样性分析和杂种优势群划分的价值及可行性.利用22对SRAP引物对16个玉米自交系进行了遗传多样性分析,共扩增出197条具多态性的条带,平均多态性信息量为0.8847,平均多态性比率为59.8%.通过聚类分析将16个自交系分为5个群,其划分结果与系谱分析基本一致.该结果表明SRAP标记是一种适合于玉米种质遗传多样性研究的分子标记. 相似文献